Don Tapscott: Four principles for the open world

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast

譯者: Teresa Chou 審譯者: Regina Chu

Openness. It's a word that

開放，這個名詞

denotes opportunity and possibilities.

代表著機會和潛在的可能性。

開放式的，開放式平爐，

Open-ended, open hearth,

開放原始碼，門戶開放政策，

open source, open door policy,

open bar. (Laughter)

開放酒吧（免費暢飲酒吧）， （笑聲）

And everywhere the world is opening up,

世界上的每個角落 都變得更加開放，

and it's a good thing.

這是件好事。

Why is this happening?

這為什麼會發生呢？

The technology revolution is opening the world.

技術革命開放了這個世界。

Yesterday's Internet was a platform

昨天的網際網路

是展示內容的平台。

for the presentation of content.

The Internet of today is a platform for computation.

今天的網際網路是計算的平台。

The Internet is becoming a giant

網際網路成為一個

global computer, and every time you go on it,

巨型的全球電腦，每一次你登錄，

you upload a video, you do a Google search,

你上傳一個影片，你上谷歌搜索，

you remix something,

你就重混了一些東西，

you're programming this big global computer

你在這個大家共享的 巨型全球計算機上

that we all share.

做程式設計。

Humanity is building a machine,

人類正在建造一個機器，

and this enables us to collaborate in new ways.

這使我們能夠用全新的方式合作。

Collaboration can occur on

這種合作可發生在

an astronomical basis.

龐大的基礎上。

現在新一代正也在開放這個世界

Now a new generation is opening up the world as well.

I started studying kids about 15 years ago,

我大概從十五年前起開始研究孩子，

-- so actually 20 years ago now --

事實上，大約 20 年前就開始了。

and I noticed how my own children were

我注意到自己的孩子

effortlessly able to use all this sophisticated technology,

能輕鬆自如地使用這些複雜的科技，

and at first I thought,

一開始我認為

"My children are prodigies!" (Laughter)

「我的孩子是神童！」 （笑聲）

But then I noticed all their friends were like them,

但很快我就發現， 他們的朋友也同樣厲害，

so that was a bad theory.

所以我的理論不成立。

So I've started working with a few hundred kids,

我研究過數百個孩子，

and I came to the conclusion

得出的結論是，

that this is the first generation to come of age

他們是和數位時代同時到來的一代。

in the digital age,

to be bathed in bits.

他們沉浸於位元中，

I call them the Net Generation.

我稱他們為「網絡一代」

我說過，這些孩子是不同的。

I said, these kids are different.

They have no fear of technology, because it's not there.

他們不害怕科技， 因為這種害怕並不存在。

It's like the air.

科技對他們就像空氣一樣。

It's sort of like, I have no fear of a refrigerator.

這也和我不害怕冰箱的道理一樣。

And — (Laughter)

並且—（笑聲）

And there's no more powerful force to change

沒有比第一代數位原住民

every institution than the first generation of digital natives.

更強大的力量可以改變每個機構。

I'm a digital immigrant.

我則屬於數位時代的移民。

I had to learn the language.

我不得不學習這個語言。

The global economic crisis is opening up the world as well.

全球範圍的經濟危機 也在使這個世界更加開放。

Our opaque institutions from the Industrial Age,

從工業時代的不透明體制，

everything from old models of the corporation,

陳舊的公司體制，

government, media, Wall Street,

到政府、媒體、華爾街，

are in various stages of being stalled or frozen

都處於停滯或凍結

or in atrophy or even failing,

甚至是萎縮或崩潰的各個階段，

and this is now creating a burning platform in the world.

這樣的危機正在全球 產生「燃燒的平台」效應。

I mean, think about Wall Street.

想想華爾街。

The core modus operandi of Wall Street almost brought down

其核心運作模式

幾乎讓全球資本市場瀕臨崩潰。

global capitalism.

你們都了解燃燒的平台是什麼意思，

Now, you know the idea of a burning platform,

that you're somewhere where the costs of staying where you are

即保持現狀的成本

become greater than the costs of moving to something different,

高於改變現狀所需的資本，

而這改變或許是徹底不同的改變。

perhaps something radically different.

And we need to change

我們需要改變，

and open up all of our institutions.

開放我們所有的機構。

So this technology push,

所以這種科技的推動，

a demographic kick from a new generation

新世代的驅動，

and a demand pull from a new

和來自新全球經濟環境的

economic global environment

需求推動，

is causing the world to open up.

造成全世界的開放。

Now, I think, in fact,

現在，我認為，事實上，

we're at a turning point in human history,

我們正處於人類歷史的 一個轉折點，

現在我們終於能夠重建

where we can finally now rebuild

many of the institutions of the Industrial Age

許多工業時代的機構，

around a new set of principles.

為它們制定一套新準則。

Now, what is openness?

那，什麼是開放呢？

Well, as it turns out, openness

事實上，開放有許多不同的涵義，

has a number of different meanings,

and for each there's a corresponding principle

而每一種涵義都有對應的原則，

for the transformation of

與文明的轉變相呼應。

civilization.

The first is collaboration.

第一個是合作。

Now, this is openness in the sense of the boundaries

這種開放對組織的意義就是

of organizations becoming more porous and fluid

組織的疆界變得更具滲透性、

and open.

靈活、和開放。

The guy in the picture here,

圖片中的男士，

I'll tell you his story.

我要講述他的故事。

His name is Rob McEwen.

他名叫羅伯·麥克伊文。

I'd like to say, "I have this think tank, we scour the world

我很想說，「我有這個智庫，

for amazing case studies."

在全世界尋找驚人的案例。」

The reason I know this story

但我知道這個故事的原因是，

is because he's my neighbor. (Laughter)

他是我的鄰居。（笑聲）

He actually moved across the street from us,

其實他搬到我們家對面，

and he held a cocktail party

然後他辦了一個 敦請睦鄰的雞尾酒聚會，

to meet the neighbors, and he says, "You're Don Tapscott.

他說，「你是唐·泰普斯科特。 我讀過很多您的書。」

I've read some of your books."

I said, "Great. What do you do?"

我說，「很好！你是做什麼工作的？」

And he says, "Well I used to be a banker

他回答說，「我以前是個銀行家

and now I'm a gold miner."

而現在我是個金礦工人。」

And he tells me this amazing story.

接著他告訴我了這個驚奇的故事。

He takes over this gold mine, and his geologists

他接管了這個金礦，而他的地質學家

can't tell him where the gold is.

無法告訴他金子在哪裡。

He gives them more money for geological data,

他給了他們更多的錢研究地質數據，

they come back, they can't tell

他們研究之後，依然無法告訴他

him where to go into production.

從哪裡開始投產。

After a few years, he's so frustrated he's ready

幾年之後，他非常沮喪，準備放棄。

to give up, but he has an epiphany one day.

但有一天，他靈光一現。

He wonders, "If my geologists don't know where the gold is,

他想著，「如果我的地質學家 不知道金子在哪裡，

maybe somebody else does."

也許外面有人會知道。」

所以他做了一件 「激進」的事情。

So he does a "radical" thing.

He takes his geological data,

他把那些地質數據

he publishes it and he holds a contest on the Internet

發佈了出去，然後在網路上 舉辦了一個競賽，

called the Goldcorp Challenge.

叫做 「黃金公司大挑戰」。

It's basically half a million dollars in prize money

基本上就是 50 萬美元的獎金

for anybody who can tell me, do I have any gold,

獎勵給任何人，只要他 能夠告訴我，我是否有金子

and if so, where is it? (Laughter)

如果有，在哪裡呢？（笑聲）

He gets submissions from all around the world.

他收到了來自世界各地的提案。

They use techniques that he's never heard of,

他們用了一些他從未聽說過的技術，

and for his half a million dollars in prize money,

而他的 50 萬美元的獎金，

Rob McEwen finds 3.4 billion dollars worth of gold.

為羅伯·麥克伊文找到了 價值 34 億美元的金子。

The market value of his company

他公司的市值

goes from 90 million to 10 billion dollars,

從 9000 萬美元暴漲到 100 億美元，

and I can tell you, because he's my neighbor,

因為他是我的鄰居，我可以告訴你，

he's a happy camper. (Laughter)

他非常快樂。（笑聲）

You know, conventional wisdom says talent is inside, right?

你知道，大家都說 有才能的人就在公司裡，沒錯吧？

Your most precious asset goes out the elevator every night.

你最寶貴的資產（員工） 每晚都從電梯出去。

He viewed talent differently.

但他用不同的角度看待有才的人。

He wondered, who are their peers?

他想知道， 能相媲的人是誰？

He should have fired his geology department, but he didn't.

他本可以炒掉他的地質部門， 但是他沒有。

You know, some of the best submissions

你知道，很多好的提案

didn't come from geologists.

並非出自地質學家。

They came from computer scientists, engineers.

它們出自電腦科學家，工程師之手。

The winner was a computer graphics company

最後的贏家是一個電腦繪圖公司，

that built a three dimensional model of the mine

這家公司製作了金礦的三維模型，

where you can helicopter underground

你可以在電腦模型中上天入地

and see where the gold is.

看到金子在哪裡。

He helped us understand that social media's becoming

他幫助我們理解到社群媒體

social production.

已經變得具有社會生產力。

It's not about hooking up online.

這不只是在網上交交朋友，

This is a new means of production in the making.

這是一種新的生產模式。

And this Ideagora that he created, an open market, agora,

而他創造的「思想集合」， 一個開放的思想集合市場，

for uniquely qualified minds,

匯集了有獨特心智的人們，

was part of a change, a profound change in the deep structure

成為變革的一部分，

是組織體系結構中的深遠改變，

and architecture of our organizations,

and how we sort of orchestrate capability to innovate,

是我們如何協調能力

以創新和創造產品和服務，

to create goods and services,

to engage with the rest of the world,

與世界的其他地區交流，

in terms of government, how we create public value.

就政府而言， 是我們如何創造公共價值。

Openness is about collaboration.

開放是為了合作。

Now secondly, openness is about transparency.

第二個，開放是為了透明化。

This is different. Here, we're talking about the communication

這是不同的。我們在討論

of pertinent information to stakeholders of organizations:

組織內利害關係人間信息的交流：

employees, customers, business partners, shareholders,

僱員、顧客、商業夥伴、股東等等。

and so on.

And everywhere, our institutions are becoming naked.

在任何地方，我們的機構暴露無遺。

People are all bent out of shape about WikiLeaks,

大家都被維基洩密弄得不成人形，

but that's just the tip of the iceberg.

但是這只是冰山一角。

You see, people at their fingertips now, everybody,

你看，大家都瞭若指掌，每個人，

not just Julian Assange,

而不只是阿桑奇， （維基解密的董事與發言人）

have these powerful tools for finding out what's going on,

都有有力的工具發掘信息，

scrutinizing, informing others,

仔細檢查，通知大家，

and even organizing collective responses.

甚至組織集體反應。

Institutions are becoming naked,

機構變得赤裸裸呈現，

and if you're going to be naked,

如果你也想赤裸裸呈現，

well, there's some corollaries that flow from that.

嗯，是有一些從其而來的必然推論。

I mean, one is,

我是說，比如，

fitness is no longer optional. (Laughter)

健身不再可有可無。（笑聲）

You know? Or if you're going to be naked, you'd better get buff.

對吧？或是如果你想裸體， 你最好好好鍛鍊一下肌肉。

Now, by buff I mean, you need to have good value,

這裡，我所謂的鍛鍊， 是說你需要有價值，

because value is evidenced like never before.

因為價值前所未見地明顯。

You say you have good products.

你自稱你有好的產品。 那麼最好是真的好產品。

They'd better be good.

But you also need to have values.

但你同樣需要有價值。

You need to have integrity as part of your bones

你需要讓正直誠實成為

and your DNA as an organization,

組織的骨頭及基因，

because if you don't, you'll be unable to build trust,

如果你不這樣做， 你就無法建立信任，

and trust is a sine qua non of this new network world.

而信任，是這個新的 網路世界的必要條件。

So this is good. It's not bad.

這挺好的，沒什麼壞處。

Sunlight is the best disinfectant.

陽光是最好的消毒劑。

And we need a lot of sunlight in this troubled world.

而我們需要很多陽光 來清潔這個藏汙納垢的世界。

Now, the third meaning and corresponding principle

開放的第三個意義和與其對應的原則

of openness is about sharing.

就是分享。

Now this is different than transparency.

這個與透明化也不同。

Transparency is about the communication of information.

透明化是關於信息的交流。

Sharing is about giving up assets, intellectual property.

分享是放棄一些資產，智慧財產權。

And there are all kinds of famous stories about this.

有很多相關的著名故事。

IBM gave away 400 million dollars of software

IBM （國際商用機器） 送了價值四億美元的軟體

to the Linux movement, and that gave them

讓 Linux （開放核心） 系統運動發展，

a multi-billion dollar payoff.

而得到了幾十億美元的收益 。

Now, conventional wisdom says,

常言道，

"Well, hey, our intellectual property belongs to us,

「嗯，我們的智慧財產權屬於我們，

and if someone tries to infringe it, we're going to get out

如果有人想要侵權，

our lawyers and we're going to sue them."

我們就會找我們的律師， 然後起訴侵權者。」

Well, it didn't work so well for the record labels, did it?

唱片公司如此做也沒成功，對吧？

I mean, they took — They had a technology disruption,

我是說， 他們－ 他們有技術中斷的問題，

and rather than taking a business model innovation

但他們不採取商業模式創新 來作為對應，

to correspond to that, they took and sought a legal solution

反而尋求法律途徑，

and the industry that brought you Elvis and the Beatles

而這個帶給你貓王和披頭四的行業

is now suing children

現在正在起訴兒童，

and is in danger of collapse.

並且岌岌可危。

So we need to think differently about intellectual property.

所以我們需要換個角度 來思考智慧財產權。

I'll give you an example.

我來告訴你一個事例。

The pharmaceutical industry is in deep trouble.

製藥界現在深陷困境。

First of all, there aren't a lot of big inventions

第一，這個行業搞不出什麼新藥了，

in the pipeline, and this is a big problem for human health,

這對於人類健康來說是個大問題，

and the pharmaceutical industry has got a bigger problem,

而製藥業還有更大的問題，

that they're about to fall off something

他們就快要墜入 所謂的「專利懸崖」裡。

called the patent cliff.

Do you know about this?

你們知道這意味著什麼嗎？

They're going to lose 20 to 35 percent of their revenue

他們會在接下來的 12 個月中

in the next 12 months.

失去 20% 到 35% 的收入。

And what are you going to do,

那你要怎麼辦？

like, cut back on paper clips or something? No.

減少迴紋針之類的支出？不是的。

We need to reinvent the whole model of scientific research.

我們需要改造整個科研體系。

The pharmaceutical industry needs to place assets

製藥界需要把他們的資產變成公有財。

in a commons. They need to start sharing precompetitive research.

同業需要開始分享 市場競爭前的研究。

They need to start sharing

他們需要開始共享

臨床試驗數據，

clinical trial data,

and in doing so, create a rising tide that could lift all boats,

這樣做，可以讓各方受益，

not just for the industry but

不僅僅是為了醫藥行業，

for humanity.

也是為了人類。

Now, the fourth meaning

第四個開放的意義

of openness,

和與之對應的原則

and corresponding principle, is about empowerment.

是賦權。

And I'm not talking about the motherhood sense here.

我不是說母親自主權之類的意思。

Knowledge and intelligence is power,

知識和智慧就是力量，

and as it becomes more distributed, there's a

因為力量已經更加分散，

concomitant distribution

隨之而來式的權力分配

and decentralization and disaggregation of power

和權力去集中化和去集體化

that's underway in the world today.

都在世界各地進行。

The open world is bringing freedom.

開放的世界帶來自由。

Now, take the Arab Spring.

現在我們以阿拉伯之春為例。

有關社群媒體的角色的辯論

The debate about the role of social media

and social change has been settled.

與社會變化已經塵埃落定了。

You know, one word: Tunisia.

你知道，一個字，突尼西亞。

And then it ended up having a whole bunch of other words too.

它最後也演變成其他許多字。

But in the Tunisian revolution,

但在突尼西亞革命，

the new media didn't cause the revolution;

新的媒體並沒有引發革命；

it was caused by injustice.

它是由不公平引起的。

Social media didn't create the revolution;

社群媒體沒有引起革命；

it was created by a new generation of young people

革命是由年輕人的一代引起的，

who wanted jobs and hope and

他們要求工作機會、希望

who didn't want to be treated as subjects anymore.

他們不想再被當成唯命是從的愚民。

But just as the Internet drops transaction and collaboration

但是如同網路降低交易費用

costs in business and government,

和商業與政府相互合作的成本，

it also drops the cost of dissent, of rebellion,

它同時降低了異議者和叛變者的成本，

and even insurrection

甚至暴動的成本，

in ways that people didn't understand.

是大家原來並不瞭解的。

You know, during the Tunisian revolution,

你知道，在突尼西亞革命時，

snipers associated with the regime were killing

與政權有關聯的狙擊手在街上

unarmed students in the street.

殺害手無寸鐵的學生。

So the students would take their mobile devices,

因此學生們用他們的手機，

take a picture, triangulate the location,

拍下相片，三角定位，

send that picture to friendly military units,

將相片寄給友好的軍隊單位，

who'd come in and take out the snipers.

軍隊就會來處理掉那些狙擊手。

You think that social media is about hooking up online?

你還認為社群媒體 只是在網路上交朋友嗎？

For these kids, it was a military tool

對這些孩子來說，

它是手無寸鐵的人 對抗謀殺者的軍事武器。

to defend unarmed people from murderers.

It was a tool of self-defense.

那是自衛的工具。

You know, as we speak today, young people

你知道，此時此刻，

許多年輕人在敘利亞被殺害，

are being killed in Syria,

and up until three months ago,

直到三個月前，

if you were injured on the street,

如果你在街上受傷，

an ambulance would pick you up,

救護車會來接你，

take you to the hospital, you'd go in, say, with a broken leg,

載你到醫院，你進去的時候是腿斷，

and you'd come out with a bullet in your head.

你出來時是腦部中槍。

So these 20-somethings created

所以這些 20 多歲的年輕人

創造了另一種醫療系統，

an alternative health care system,

他們用推特和公開可用的 基本工具來聯繫，

where what they did is they used Twitter and basic

publicly available tools that when someone's injured,

有人受傷時，一輛車會來接他們，

a car would show up, it would pick them up,

take them to a makeshift medical clinic, where you'd get

帶他們去一個臨時診所，

他們會在那裡得到醫療而不是被殺。

medical treatment, as opposed to being executed.

So this is a time of great change.

所以這是個大變化的時代。

Now, it's not without its problems.

這個時代並不是沒有問題。

Up until two years ago,

直到兩年前，

all revolutions in human history had a leadership,

人類歷史上的革命都有領導者，

and when the old regime fell, the leadership

當舊的政權崩潰時，

革命的領導和組織就會得權，

and the organization would take power.

Well, these wiki revolutions happen so fast

但這些維基革命發生得如此快，

they create a vacuum, and

它們造成權力真空，

politics abhors a vacuum,

政治痛恨真空，

and unsavory forces can fill that,

因為不好的力量會補進去，

typically the old regime,

特別是舊的政權或是激進份子，

or extremists, or fundamentalist forces.

或是基本教義派的武裝團體。

You can see this playing out today in Egypt.

你可以看到今天的埃及就是如此。

But that doesn't matter,

但那無所謂，

because this is moving forward.

因為開放正在向前。

The train has left the station. The cat is out of the bag.

火車已離站，貓已跑出袋子 （秘密已經公開），

The horse is out of the barn. Help me out here, okay?

馬已離開馬廄（來不及了）。 還有什麼說法？幫我一下！

(Laughter) The toothpaste is out of the tube.

（笑聲）牙膏已被擠出來了。 （木已成舟）

I mean, we're not putting this one back.

我的意思是，我們不會回頭了。

The open world is bringing empowerment and freedom.

開放的世界帶來賦權和自由。

I think, at the end of these four days,

我想，在這四天的研討會後，

that you'll come to conclude that the arc of history

你會下此結論：歷史的走向

is a positive one, and it's towards openness.

是正面的，而且是朝向開放的。

If you go back a few hundred years,

如果你回到幾百年前，

all around the world it was a very closed society.

世界各地都是非常封閉的社會。

It was agrarian, and the means of production

它是農業的社會，

and political system was called feudalism, and knowledge

但生產的方式及政治體系是封建的，

was concentrated in the church and the nobility.

知識集中在教會和貴族裡面。

People didn't know about things.

人民是無知的。

There was no concept of progress.

那時沒有進步的概念。

You were born, you lived your life and you died.

你出生，過日子，然後死亡。

But then Johannes Gutenberg came along with his great invention,

直到約翰內斯·古騰堡 和他偉大的活字印刷術發明出現，

and, over time, the society opened up.

然後，慢慢地，社會才開放起來。

People started to learn about things, and when they did,

人民開始學習，知識普遍後，

the institutions of feudal society appeared

封建社會機構開始

to be stalled, or frozen, or failing.

停滯、凍結和潰敗。

It didn't make sense for the church to be responsible

當人民有知識時，

for medicine when people had knowledge.

由教堂負責醫療不再合理。

So we saw the Protestant Reformation.

然後我們就看到宗教改革。

Martin Luther called the printing press

馬丁路德稱印刷機為

"God's highest act of grace."

「上帝最高的恩惠。」

The creation of a corporation, science, the university,

公司、科學、大學的創立，

eventually the Industrial Revolution,

最後是工業革命，

and it was all good.

這些都是很好的。

But it came with a cost.

但是，那是有代價的。

And now, once again, the technology genie

現在，再一次，科技的精靈

is out of the bottle, but this time it's different.

從瓶子出來了，但這次不同了。

The printing press gave us access to the written word.

印刷機讓我們看到印出來的文章。

The Internet enables each of us to be a producer.

網路使我們每個人都成為製作人。

The printing press gave us access to recorded knowledge.

印刷機讓我們看到記錄的知識。

The Internet gives us access,

網路則讓我們接觸

not just to information and knowledge, but

不只是資訊和知識，

to the intelligence contained in the crania of other people

還有全球其他人腦子裡的智慧。

on a global basis.

To me, this is not an information age,

對我而言，這不是資訊的年代，

it's an age of networked intelligence.

而是智慧網路的時代。

It's an age of vast promise,

這是一個大有前景的時代，

an age of collaboration,

許多人一起合作的時代。

where the boundaries of our organizations are changing,

我們組織的疆界開始改變，

of transparency, where sunlight

組織變得透明，

太陽為文明消毒，

is disinfecting civilization,

an age of sharing and understanding

這是一個分享、

了解人民新權力的時代。

the new power of the commons,

and it's an age of empowerment

這是一個賦權和自由的時代。

and of freedom.

Now, what I'd like to do is,

現在，我想要做的是，

to close, to share with you

作為總結，與你們分享

some research that I've been doing.

我在做的一些研究。

I've tried to study all kinds of organizations

我研究了各種各樣的組織

to understand what the future might look like,

以了解未來會是什麼樣。

but I've been studying nature recently.

但我最近在研究自然。

You know, bees come in swarms

你知道，蜜蜂是成群的

and fish come in schools.

魚也是成群的。

Starlings, in the area around Edinburgh,

在愛丁堡周圍的地區

in the moors of England,

英格蘭高地，

come in something called a murmuration,

椋鳥大群噗噗飛舞 (murmuration)，

and the murmuration refers to the murmuring of the wings

這個噗噗聲是翅膀搧動發出來的，

of the birds, and throughout the day the starlings

在白天，這些歐椋鳥， 在 20 多英里半徑的範圍裡

are out over a 20-mile radius

sort of doing their starling thing.

自得其樂。

And at night they come together

晚上牠們會聚集在一起

and they create one of the most spectacular things

創造一個壯觀的自然現象，

in all of nature,

and it's called a murmuration.

那就是叫做噗噗聲現象。

And scientists that have studied this have said

研究過這個的科學家說

they've never seen an accident.

他們沒有見過一次意外。

Now, this thing has a function.

這件事有一個作用。

It protects the birds.

它保護這些鳥。

You can see on the right here,

你看這裡右邊，

there's a predator being chased away by the collective power

有一隻捕食者被這些鳥的 集體力量嚇走了，

of the birds, and apparently this is a frightening thing

如果你是歐椋鳥的捕食者，

if you're a predator of starlings.

顯然這是一件很可怕的事。

And there's leadership,

牠們有領導，

but there's no one leader.

但是沒有單一的領導者。

Now, is this some kind of fanciful analogy,

這只是一個空想的比喻？

or could we actually learn something from this?

或者我們真的可以 從這個現象學到東西？

Well, the murmuration functions to record

這個噗噗聲現象的作用 是記錄一些原則，

a number of principles,

and they're basically the principles that

而這些原則基本上

I have described to you today.

就是我今天與你們分享的那些原則。

This is a huge collaboration.

這是大型的合作。

It's an openness, it's a sharing

它是開放的，

of all kinds of information, not just about location

是各種資訊的分享，不只是地點、

and trajectory and danger and so on, but about food sources.

移動軌跡和危險等等， 而是食物來源。

And there's a real sense of interdependence,

而且這裡有真正的相互依賴，

that the individual birds somehow understand

每隻鳥好像都知道

that their interests are in the interest of the collective.

個別的利益存在於集體利益中。

Perhaps like we should understand

或許如我們應了解到

that business can't succeed

商業無法在一個衰敗的世界裡成功。

in a world that's failing.

Well, I look at this thing,

看著這個，

and I get a lot of hope.

我就有了很多的希望。

Think about the kids today in the Arab Spring, and

想想今天在阿拉伯之春的孩子，

you see something like this that's underway.

你看到的是和這個雷同的現象。

And imagine, just consider this idea, if you would:

想像一下，稍微想一下就好：

What if we could connect ourselves in this world

如果我們在這世界可以透過

巨大的空氣和玻璃網 彼此連結會怎樣？

through a vast network of air and glass?

Could we go beyond just sharing information and knowledge?

我們可以超越訊息和知識的分享嗎？

Could we start to share our intelligence?

我們可以開始分享我們的智慧嗎？

Could we create some kind of

我們可以創造某種集體智慧

collective intelligence

that goes beyond an individual or a group or a team

超越個人、群體或團隊，

to create, perhaps, some kind of consciousness

來創造某種全球性的意識嗎？

on a global basis?

Well, if we could do this, we could attack some big problems in the world.

如果可以，我們就能解決 世界上的大問題。

And I look at this thing,

我看著這個，

and, I don't know, I get a lot of hope that maybe this

我不知道，我覺得很有希望

smaller, networked, open world

我們的孩子所繼承的 這個小一點、互聯的、開放的世界

that our kids inherit might be a better one, and that

會是一個比較好的世界，

this new age of networked intelligence could be

而這個智慧網的新時代

an age of promise fulfilled

可成為一個應許承諾的時代

and of peril unrequited.

一個不再有危險的時代。

Let's do this. Thank you.

我們一起做吧。謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）