David Binder: The arts festival revolution

Translator: Thu-Huong Ha Reviewer: Morton Bast

譯者: Ho-chung Chou 審譯者: Jui-Hsin Chen

Sydney. I had been waiting my whole life to get to Sydney.

雪梨，我想去雪梨已經想了一輩子

I got to the airport, to the hotel, checked in,

我到了機場，到了酒店，到櫃檯登記了

and, sitting there in the lobby, was a brochure

然後，坐在酒店大廳，看到一本有關

for the Sydney Festival. I thumbed through it,

''雪梨藝術節'' 的小冊子，我翻了一下

and I came across a show called "Minto: Live."

然後我看到一個叫 "明托：即時秀"的節目

The description read: "The suburban streets of Minto

上面的介紹是：'' 明托郊區的街道

become the stage for performances

變成表演者的舞台

created by international artists

由國際藝術家

in collaboration with the people of Minto."

與明托居民合力完成的創作

What was this place called Minto?

這個明托 是個甚麼樣地方呢

Sydney, as I would learn, is a city of suburbs,

據我所知，雪梨周遭有許多郊區城市

and Minto lies southwest, about an hour away.

還有明托位於西南方，車程大概一小時

I have to say, it wasn't exactly what I had in mind

說實話 我第一天抵達Down Under (澳洲的俗稱) 時

for my first day down under.

覺得這地方和我想的不一樣

I mean, I'd thought about the Harbour Bridge or Bondi Beach,

我是說 我原本以為像雪梨港灣大橋，或是邦迪海灘那樣

but Minto? But still, I'm a producer,

而明托呢？沒錯 我是個製作人

and the lure of a site-specific theater project

而我對環境劇場這種企劃

was more than I could resist. (Laughter)

幾乎是沒有抵抗力的 (笑聲)

So, off I went into Friday afternoon traffic,

所以 我就跟假期尾聲的車潮一樣瘋了

and I'll never forget what I saw when I got there.

我永遠也忘不了當初第一眼看到的景象

For the performance, the audience walked

說說表演形式吧，社區裡的觀眾

around the neighborhood from house to house,

漫步在鄰里之間的房子

and the residents, who were the performers,

還有那些居民，他們同時也是表演者

they came out of their houses, and they performed

他們走出家門，他們在自家草坪上

these autobiographical dances on their lawns,

表演那些展現自我意識的舞蹈

on their driveways. (Laughter)

在自家車道上 (笑聲)

The show is a collaboration with a U.K.-based

這場表演是和一間來自英國的表演公司

performance company called Lone Twin.

合力製作的，這間公司叫做" 孤獨孿生子"

Lone Twin had come to Minto and worked

"孤獨孿生子" 來到明托，然後和當地

with the residents, and they had created these dances.

居民合作，然後他們就創造出這些舞蹈了

This Australian-Indian girl, she came out and started

這位是澳印混血的女孩，她走出來然後

to dance on her front lawn,

在自家草坪上跳起舞來

and her father peered out the window to see

然後她父親從窗戶後面探出頭來

what all the noise and commotion was about,

看看外面那些噪音和騷動是怎麼回事

and he soon joined her.

然後他就加入她

And he was followed by her little sister.

然後她妹妹跟在他後面

And soon they were all dancing this joyous,

過沒多久 他們就開心地一起跳舞

exuberant dance right there on their lawn. (Laughter)

就在自家草坪 生氣勃勃的舞蹈 (笑聲)

And as I walked through the neighborhood,

當我走進這個社區時

I was amazed and I was moved by the incredible

我深感驚喜，而居民們用這樣的舉止

sense of ownership this community clearly felt

清楚地表達自己是這個社區的所有人，也讓我

about this event.

感到不可思議

"Minto: Live" brought Sydneysiders into dialogue

"明托：即時秀’’ 讓雪梨週圍的居民和國際藝術家

with international artists, and really celebrated

建立起聯繫，並用自己的方式

the diversity of Sydney on its own terms.

誠心歡慶雪梨擁有的多樣性

The Sydney Festival which produced "Minto: Live" I think

雪莉藝術節創造了''明托：即時秀'' 這個節目，我認為

represents a new kind of 21st-century arts festival.

這代表的是21世紀藝術慶典的新風貌

These festivals are radically open.

這些慶典極為開明

They can transform cities and communities.

能使城市和社區轉型

To understand this, I think it kind of makes sense

為了深入瞭解 我覺得尋找自身的源頭

to look where we've come from.

是滿合理的作法

Modern arts festivals were born

當代的藝術節誕生於

in the rubble of World War II.

第二次世界大戰的廢墟之中

Civic leaders created these annual events

市政領導者率先舉辦了這些年度慶典

to celebrate culture as the highest

目的是為了慶祝文化成為

expression of the human spirit.

人類精神最高的表徵

In 1947, the Edinburgh Festival was born

1947年，愛丁堡藝術節誕生了

and Avignon was born and hundreds of others

然後亞維儂 (藝術節) 誕生了 接著數以百計的藝術節

would follow in their wake.

相繼崛起

The work they did was very, very high art,

他們的作品是非常非常前衛的藝術

and stars came along like Laurie Anderson

還有像是羅瑞安德森 (知名前衛音樂家) 這種明星的參與

and Merce Cunningham and Robert Lepage

以及摩斯康寧漢 (現代舞蹈之父) 和羅勃勒帕奇 (知名劇場導演)

who made work for this circuit,

都在這個領域發表過作品

and you had these seminal shows like "The Mahabharata"

然後你們會看到以藝術濫觴為題材的 " 摩訶婆羅達 (印度史詩)"

and the monumental "Einstein on the Beach."

還有留名青史的 "沙灘上的愛因斯坦"

But as the decades passed,

而十年過去了

these festivals, they really became the establishment,

這些藝術節真的成就非凡

and as the culture and capital accelerated,

隨著文化水準的提升、規模的擴大

the Internet brought us all together,

還有網路縮短了我們之間的距離

high and low kind of disappeared,

階級的界線可說是消失了

a new kind of festival emerged.

一種新型態的藝術節出現了

The old festivals, they continued to thrive, but

舊型態的藝術節持續成長發展

from Brighton to Rio to Perth, something new was emerging,

但是在英國、里約 (巴西) 和伯斯 (澳洲) 出現了新的東西

and these festivals were really different.

這些藝術節真的很不一樣

They're open, these festivals, because, like in Minto,

他們很開明，因為這些藝術節，例如明托的

they understand that the dialogue

他們了解，在地與全球之間

between the local and the global is essential.

必須有溝通管道

They're open because they ask the audience to be a player,

為什麼說他們開明?因為他們邀請觀眾擔當演員、

a protagonist, a partner, rather than a passive spectator,

當主角、當夥伴，而不是當個被動的旁觀者

and they're open because they know that imagination

說他們開明，因為他們知道

cannot be contained in buildings,

想像力不能侷限在室內

and so much of the work they do

他們的創造有許多都是

is site-specific or outdoor work.

場地限定藝術或是戶外演出

So, the new festival, it asks the audience to play

所以，新的藝術節邀請觀眾扮演

an essential role in shaping the performance.

關鍵角色，改變了表演的風貌

Companies like De La Guarda, which I produce, and Punchdrunk

像是 "守護者" ，也就是我負責的公司，還有 "七暈八素"也是

create these completely immersive experiences

讓觀眾產生全然沉浸其中的體驗，

that put the audience at the center of the action,

因為他們將觀眾放在表演的中心

but the German performance company Rimini Protokoll

但是德國表演公司，"里米尼協議"

takes this all to a whole new level.

將之提升到全新的層次

In a series of shows that includes "100 Percent Vancouver,"

連 "百分百加拿大人"在內，還有

"100 Percent Berlin," Rimini Protokoll makes shows

"百分百柏林人" ， 里米尼協議製作的一連串的戲劇

that actually reflect society.

都反映出實際的社會現象

Rimini Protokoll chooses 100 people that represent that city

里米尼協議劇團選出了一百人來代表一座城市

at that moment in terms of race and gender and class,

正值種族、性別、階級等議題紛爭之時

through a careful process that begins three months before,

準備活動在三個月前就開始警慎地進行

and then those 100 people share stories about

然後這一百人跟大家分享故事

themselves and their lives, and the whole thing

分享自己和自己的生活 整齣戲

becomes a snapshot of that city at that moment.

在此刻變成了這座城市的快照

LIFT has always been a pioneer in the use of venues.

左派份子一直都是抗議現場的先驅者

They understand that theater and performance

他們了解劇院和表演

can happen anywhere.

其實是無所不在的

You can do a show in a schoolroom,

你可以在教室表演

in an airport, — (Laughter) —

在機場 — — (笑聲) — —

in a department store window.

在百貨公司的櫥窗

Artists are explorers. Who better to show us the city anew?

藝術家是探險家，誰比他們 更能適合展示我們城市的新風貌？

Artists can take us to a far-flung part of the city

藝術家能帶我們到城市遙遠的那一端

that we haven't explored, or they can take us into

我們沒見識過的地方，他們也能帶我們去

that building that we pass every day but we never went into.

我們每天經過，卻永遠不會走進去的建築

An artist, I think, can really show us people

我認為，藝術家真的能帶我們看到

that we might overlook in our lives.

自己生命中被忽略的部分

Back to Back is an Australian company of people

"背對背" 是一家澳洲公司，他們的

with intellectual disabilities. I saw their amazing show

成員都有智力障礙。我看過他們驚人的表演

in New York at the Staten Island Ferry Terminal

在紐約的斯塔騰島渡輪碼頭

at rush hour.

時間是尖峰時刻

We, the audience, were given headsets and seated

我們這些觀眾拿到耳機之後

on one side of the terminal.

坐在碼頭邊

The actors were right there in front of us,

表演者就在我們面前

right there among the commuters,

就坐在那些通勤者之中

and we could hear them,

我們能聽到他們

but we might not have otherwise seen them.

可是我們不一定能看到他們

So Back to Back takes site-specific theater and uses it

所以背對背劇團選擇了場域特地藝術這種形式

to gently remind us about who and what we choose

他們輕輕的點醒了，我們選擇了誰，選擇了甚麼

to edit out of our daily lives.

來剪輯自己的日常生活

So, the dialogue with the local and the global,

如此一來，本地和全球之間對上話了

the audience as participant and player and protagonist,

觀眾是其中一份子，是演員也是主角

the innovative use of site, all of these things

創新的表演場地 ，所有這些東西

come to play in the amazing work

都包含在這場令人驚異的表演

of the fantastic French company Royal de Luxe.

由奇妙的法國公司" 皇家德陸仕"製作

Royal de Luxe's giant puppets come into a city

皇家德陸仕劇團的巨型木偶走進一座城市

and they live there for a few days.

他們在那裡待了幾天。

For "The Sultan's Elephant," Royal de Luxe

為了" 蘇丹的大象" 這場表演，皇家德陸仕

came to central London and brought it to a standstill

來到倫敦市中心，然後讓玩偶停在那兒

with their story of a giant little girl and her friend,

帶著他們的故事，一個巨大的小女孩和她朋友、

a time-traveling elephant.

一隻時間旅行的大象

For a few days, they transformed a massive city

短短幾天 他們就改變了一座大城市

into a community where endless possibility reigned.

使其變成一個社群，讓到處都充滿著可能性

The Guardian wrote, "If art is about transformation,

衛報寫道：" 如果藝術是種變形

then there can be no more transformative experience.

那藝術就再也無法體驗改革了

What 'The Sultan's Elephant' represents is no less

" 蘇丹的大象" 代表的意義

than an artistic occupation of the city

不只是藝術佔領了一座城市

and a reclamation of the streets for the people."

或是替居民開拓街道

We can talk about the economic impacts of these festivals

我們可以聊聊這些表演在當地發揮的

on their cities, but I'm much [more] interested in many more things,

經濟影響力，但我更關心的是，更多其他的事情

like how a festival helps a city to express itself,

像是藝術節如何幫助一座城市表達自己

how it lets it come into its own.

如何使城市能承先啟後

Festivals promote diversity,

藝術節提倡多元性

they bring neighbors into dialogue,

他們讓社區加入討論的行列

they increase creativity,

他們提升創造力

they offer opportunities for civic pride,

他們提供機會，使公民得以凝聚認同感

they improve our general psychological well-being.

他們改善我們整體的心理幸福感

In short, they make cities better places to live.

總之，他們讓城市更適合人們生活

Case in point:

舉個貼切的例子：

When "The Sultan's Elephant" came to London

當" 蘇丹的大象" 來到倫敦

just nine months after 7/7, a Londoner wrote,

在7/7 (倫敦地鐵爆炸事件) 的九個月後 ，一位倫敦人寫道

"For the first time since the London bombings,

" 自從發生倫敦爆炸事件，這是第一次

my daughter called up with that sparkle back in her voice.

我女兒說話時的聲音重現活力了

She had gathered with others

她和其他人一起

to watch 'The Sultan's Elephant,' and, you know,

去看 "蘇丹的大象"，你知道嗎

it just made all the difference."

它讓一切都不一樣了

Lyn Gardner in The Guardian has written

林賈德 (劇評家) 在衛報上寫著

that a great festival can show us a map of the world,

偉大的藝術節能展開全世界， 讓我們看到

a map of the city and a map of ourselves,

一張城市的地圖，一張我們自己的地圖

but there is no one fixed festival model.

但是藝術節沒有固定模式

I think what's so brilliant about the festivals,

我認為藝術節聰明之處

the new festivals, is that they are really fully capturing

我的意思是新型態的藝術節，是他們真正捕捉到

the complexity and the excitement

那些我們生活方式的

of the way we all live today.

複雜性和刺激性的全貌

Thank you very much. (Applause)

非常謝謝大家（掌聲）