Beau Lotto + Amy O'Toole: Science is for everyone, kids included

183,128 views ・ 2012-10-17

TED


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00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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譯者: YaoYang Han 審譯者: Yuguo Zhang
00:16
Beau Lotto: So, this game is very simple.
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Beau Lotto: 好的 這個遊戲非常簡單
00:18
All you have to do is read what you see. Right?
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你們只要把你看到的東西唸出來就好了
00:22
So, I'm going to count to you, so we don't all do it together.
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我會倒數 大家在一起唸出來就可以了
00:26
Okay, one, two, three.Audience: Can you read this?
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好 一 二 三 觀眾: Can you read this?
00:28
BL: Amazing. What about this one? One, two, three.Audience: You are not reading this.
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非常好。 那這一句呢? 一 二 三 觀眾: You are not reading this.
00:33
BL: All right. One, two, three. (Laughter)
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接下來 一 二 三 (笑聲)
00:38
If you were Portuguese, right? How about this one? One, two, three.
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如果你是個葡萄牙人 對吧? 那這句呢? 一 二 三
00:43
Audience: What are you reading?
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觀眾: What are you reading?
00:45
BL: What are you reading? There are no words there.
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BL: 你們說What are you reading? 可是句子不是這樣寫的阿
00:48
I said, read what you're seeing. Right?
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我說的是 把你們所看到的唸出來 對吧?
00:51
It literally says, "Wat ar ou rea in?" (Laughter) Right?
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如果照字面上來說應該是要念說"Wat ar ou rea in?" 吧 (笑聲) 對吧?
00:54
That's what you should have said. Right? Why is this?
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這才是你們剛剛應該說的吧? 對吧? 你們為什麼都會這樣讀呢?
00:58
It's because perception is grounded in our experience.
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那是因為我們的感官是建立在我們的經驗之上的
01:02
Right? The brain takes meaningless information
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對吧? 我們的大腦會把沒有意義的資訊
01:05
and makes meaning out of it, which means we never see
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自動轉換成有意義的東西 也就是說 我們從來不去看
01:08
what's there, we never see information,
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我們從不看新資訊
01:10
we only ever see what was useful to see in the past.
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而是把過去的經驗套用在現在發生的事上
01:13
All right? Which means, when it comes to perception,
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也就是說 當我們講到感官這件事
01:16
we're all like this frog.
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我們就像是這隻青蛙一樣
01:23
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
01:24
Right? It's getting information. It's generating behavior
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對吧? 它在讀取訊息 然後應用在它的行為上
01:27
that's useful. (Laughter)
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這就管用了吧 (笑聲)
01:32
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
01:39
(Video) Man: Ow! Ow! (Laughter) (Applause)
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(影片) 男: 喔!喔! (笑聲) (掌聲)
01:45
BL: And sometimes, when things don't go our way,
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BL: 有的時候 當事情不順心的時候
01:47
we get a little bit annoyed, right?
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感覺有點燜 對吧?
01:50
But we're talking about perception here, right?
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我們現在是在討論感官問題
01:52
And perception underpins everything we think, we know,
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感官決定了一切我們所想的事 知道的事
01:57
we believe, our hopes, our dreams, the clothes we wear,
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相信的事 希望 夢想 我們所穿的衣服
01:59
falling in love, everything begins with perception.
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談戀愛 每一件事都是從感官開始的
02:03
Now if perception is grounded in our history, it means
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如果感官是從以前的事開始建立的 那就表示
02:06
we're only ever responding according to what we've done before.
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我們只是在對我們之前所做過的事做出反應
02:10
But actually, it's a tremendous problem,
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但是事實上 這是一個非常大的問題
02:13
because how can we ever see differently?
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因為 我們沒辦法用不同角度去看事情了
02:16
Now, I want to tell you a story about seeing differently,
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現在 我要跟你們分享一個能轉換角度看事情的故事
02:20
and all new perceptions begin in the same way.
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所有的新感官都是用同樣的方式開始
02:24
They begin with a question.
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他們都是從一個問句開始的
02:27
The problem with questions is they create uncertainty.
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而問句產生不確定感
02:30
Now, uncertainty is a very bad thing. It's evolutionarily
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不確定感是個壞東西
02:33
a bad thing. If you're not sure that's a predator, it's too late.
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一個會改變的壞東西 就像是 你不確定那是隻肉食動物 已經為時已晚了
02:37
Okay? (Laughter)
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對吧? (笑聲)
02:38
Even seasickness is a consequence of uncertainty.
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就連身體上的不舒服 也是由一連串的不確定所組成的
02:41
Right? If you go down below on a boat, your inner ears
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對吧? 如果你上了一艘船 你的內耳所感覺到的
02:43
are you telling you you're moving. Your eyes, because
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告訴你你的人正在移動 然後你的眼睛所看到的
02:45
it's moving in register with the boat, say I'm standing still.
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是你站在船上所以沒有移動
02:48
Your brain cannot deal with the uncertainty of that information, and it gets ill.
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當你的大腦無法處理這些不確定感的時候 暈船的情況就發生了
02:52
The question "why?" is one of the most dangerous things you can do,
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"為什麼" 這個問句 是你所能做到最危險的一件事
02:56
because it takes you into uncertainty.
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因為它讓你對事情有不確定感
02:59
And yet, the irony is, the only way we can ever
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但是 諷刺的是 踏出我們的舒服圈
03:02
do anything new is to step into that space.
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就是創新的唯一方法就是
03:06
So how can we ever do anything new? Well fortunately,
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所以我們到底要怎麼創新? 還好 很幸運的
03:09
evolution has given us an answer, right?
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演化的過程已經給了我們答案 對吧?
03:13
And it enables us to address even the most difficult
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演化讓我們能夠克服即使是最困難的問題
03:16
of questions. The best questions are the ones that create the most uncertainty.
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所以通常最好的問題能夠產生最多的不確定感
03:21
They're the ones that question the things we think to be true already. Right?
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讓我們懷疑我們長久以來所相信的真相 對吧?
03:25
It's easy to ask questions about how did life begin,
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問出像是 "生命是如何開始的?" 這種問句很簡單
03:27
or what extends beyond the universe, but to question what you think to be true already
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或者是 "宇宙的外面到底有什麼?" 但是真正去懷疑你所相信的事
03:30
is really stepping into that space.
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才會真正的踏入那片不確定感
03:33
So what is evolution's answer to the problem of uncertainty?
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那麼 進化給不確定感的答案是什麼呢?
03:38
It's play.
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那就是 玩樂
03:40
Now play is not simply a process. Experts in play will tell you
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玩樂可不是一個簡單的過程 玩樂的專家可以告訴你為什麼
03:44
that actually it's a way of being.
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因為這其實是一種存在的方式
03:47
Play is one of the only human endeavors where uncertainty
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玩樂是一種讚頌不確定感的人類活動
03:49
is actually celebrated. Uncertainty is what makes play fun.
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而不確定感能使玩樂變得有趣
03:54
Right? It's adaptable to change. Right? It opens possibility,
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對吧? 它隨著適應而改變 對吧? 它開啟了各種的可能性
03:58
and it's cooperative. It's actually how we do our social bonding,
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它是合作的 事實上 我們的社會也是這樣連結的
04:02
and it's intrinsically motivated. What that means
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同時它是種本質上的動機
04:04
is that we play to play. Play is its own reward.
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我們為了玩而玩 而"玩樂" 這件事本身就是個獎賞
04:08
Now if you look at these five ways of being,
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現在大家看看五個存在的方式
04:12
these are the exact same ways of being you need
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你會發現到要成為一個成功的科學家
04:15
in order to be a good scientist.
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所需要的特質都是一樣的
04:17
Science is not defined by the method section of a paper.
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科學並不是用一紙就能定義的
04:20
It's actually a way of being, which is here, and this is true
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而是一種存在的方式 而它就在這裡
04:23
for anything that is creative.
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也在所有有趣的東西身上
04:26
So if you add rules to play, you have a game.
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當你在玩樂當中加上幾條規則 它就變成了遊戲
04:30
That's actually what an experiment is.
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而實驗就是這樣而來的
04:33
So armed with these two ideas,
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所以把兩個點子串起來
04:35
that science is a way of being and experiments are play,
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科學是一種存在方式 而實驗是一種玩樂
04:39
we asked, can anyone become a scientist?
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所以我想問 每一個人都能成科學家嗎?
04:43
And who better to ask than 25 eight- to 10-year-old children?
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這個問題拿去問25個10歲小朋友再好不過了吧
04:46
Because they're experts in play. So I took my bee arena
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因為他們可是玩樂的專家 所以我帶著我蜜蜂的道具
04:50
down to a small school in Devon, and the aim of this
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到了英國德文郡的一間小學校 而這件事的目的
04:53
was to not just get the kids to see science differently,
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不只是讓孩子們能夠用不同的角度看待科學
04:57
but, through the process of science, to see themselves differently. Right?
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透過這個過程 更能使他們可以用不同的角度看自己 對吧?
05:02
The first step was to ask a question.
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第一步 就是提出一個問句
05:05
Now, I should say that we didn't get funding for this study
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好 先說 我們的的研究計畫並沒有得到任何的贊助
05:08
because the scientists said small children couldn't make
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因為 科學家說 小朋友不可能做出什麽有用的科學貢獻
05:12
a useful contribution to science, and the teachers said kids couldn't do it.
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連老師都不相信小朋友可以
05:16
So we did it anyway. Right? Of course.
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但是我們還是做了 對吧? 肯定的
05:20
So, here are some of the questions. I put them in small print
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這裡有一些他們提出的問題 我把字體縮小了
05:22
so you wouldn't bother reading it. Point is that five of the questions that the kids came up with
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所以你們不用費神去讀 重點是 這些他們提出的問題中
05:27
were actually the basis of science publication the last five to 15 years. Right?
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有五個問題是基於過去5到15年來科學家所發表的基礎
05:32
So they were asking questions that were significant
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所以他們提出的問題
05:34
to expert scientists.
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對真正的科學家很重要
05:36
Now here, I want to share the stage with someone quite special. Right?
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好現在 我要把舞台分享給一個特別的人 好嗎?
05:40
She was one of the young people who was involved in this study,
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她是其中一個是參與這項計畫的年輕人
05:43
and she's now one of the youngest published scientists
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她同時也是世界是其中一個發表過研究刊物的年輕科學家
05:45
in the world. Right? She will now, once she comes onto stage,
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當她站上這個舞台之後
05:49
will be the youngest person to ever speak at TED. Right?
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她就會成為史上最年輕在TED演講的人的
05:53
Now, science and asking questions is about courage.
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好 科學和提出問題是需要勇氣的
05:56
Now she is the personification of courage, because she's
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現在 她即將成為勇氣的化身
05:59
going to stand up here and talk to you all.
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因為她準備站上這個舞台並且跟大家分享
06:00
So Amy, would you please come up? (Applause)
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艾咪 可以請你上台了嗎? (掌聲)
06:06
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
06:13
So Amy's going to help me tell the story of what we call
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艾咪 要幫我跟大家分享一個關於 "Blackawton蜜蜂計畫" 的故事
06:15
the Blackawton Bees Project, and first she's going to tell you
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首先 她要先分享 她們提出的問題
06:18
the question that they came up with. So go ahead, Amy.
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開始吧 艾咪
06:21
Amy O'Toole: Thank you, Beau. We thought
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艾咪: 謝謝 Beau 我們當初懷疑
06:22
that it was easy to see the link between humans and apes
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我們能夠很簡單的看出人類跟人猿的關聯嗎?
06:26
in the way that we think, because we look alike.
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因為我們想 人類跟猿的長相是有點相近的吧
06:29
But we wondered if there's a possible link
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所以我們又想 人類跟其他的動物是不是也有可能有些關聯
06:31
with other animals. It'd be amazing if humans and bees
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如果蜜蜂跟人類能夠有一樣的想法那會是多麼奇妙的一件事啊
06:36
thought similar, since they seem so different from us.
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因為兩者之間的長相實在是差別太大了
06:40
So we asked if humans and bees might solve
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我們進階猜想 人類跟蜜蜂是不是有可能用一樣的方式
06:43
complex problems in the same way.
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去解決一個複雜的問題
06:46
Really, we wanted to know if bees can also adapt
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真的 我們想知道蜜蜂是否能夠用他們先前的經驗
06:49
themselves to new situations using previously learned rules
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去適應它們所遇到的新事情和新情況
06:53
and conditions. So what if bees can think like us?
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如果蜜蜂真的能夠像人類一樣思考呢?
06:57
Well, it'd be amazing, since we're talking about an insect
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那就真的很神奇了吧 我們正在討論的是
06:59
with only one million brain cells.
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只有一百萬個腦細胞的昆蟲耶
07:02
But it actually makes a lot of sense they should,
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不過它們也應該具有這樣的能力
07:04
because bees, like us, can recognize a good flower
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它們有能力
07:07
regardless of the time of day, the light, the weather,
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透過時間 光線 天氣 來分辨一朵好花
07:11
or from any angle they approach it from. (Applause)
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還能從任何一個角度去接近花朵 (掌聲)
07:17
BL: So the next step was to design an experiment,
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BL: 而下一步 就是開始設計這個實驗
07:21
which is a game. So the kids went off and they designed
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一個玩樂的實驗 所以孩子們開始設計實驗了
07:24
this experiment, and so -- well, game -- and so,
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又或是說 設計一個遊戲
07:27
Amy, can you tell us what the game was,
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艾咪 你可以跟大家分享你們所設計的這個遊戲嗎?
07:29
and the puzzle that you set the bees?
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還有你們為蜜蜂所設計的關卡
07:31
AO: The puzzle we came up with was an if-then rule.
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艾咪? 我們想出的關卡是一個 "如果-則" 的規則
07:34
We asked the bees to learn not just to go to a certain color,
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我們要求蜜蜂學習不只是飛向特定的顏色
07:37
but to a certain color flower only
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而是特定顏色的花
07:40
when it's in a certain pattern.
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和特定的顏色圖案
07:42
They were only rewarded if they went to the yellow flowers
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它們只有飛到黃色花朵的時候能被獎賞
07:45
if the yellow flowers were surrounded by the blue,
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如果當黃色的花是被藍色的花包圍的時候
07:48
or if the blue flowers were surrounded by the yellow.
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又或是藍色的話被黃色的花包圍的時候
07:51
Now there's a number of different rules the bees can learn
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現在有好幾條蜜蜂可以學習的規則 使他們能夠解決這個關卡
07:54
to solve this puzzle. The interesting question is, which?
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有趣的是 是哪一條規則呢
07:57
What was really exciting about this project was we,
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但是這個實驗最刺激的地方就在於
08:00
and Beau, had no idea whether it would work.
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我們還有Beau都不知道這個實驗到底會不會成功
08:02
It was completely new, and no one had done it before,
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這實驗是一個全新的點子 從來沒有人做過
08:05
including adults. (Laughter)
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包括 "大人們" (笑聲)
08:09
BL: Including the teachers, and that was really hard for the teachers.
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BL: 包括老師們 因為這個實驗對老師來說也是非常難
08:12
It's easy for a scientist to go in and not have a clue what he's doing,
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對一個科學家來說 進到實驗室之後卻毫無頭緒是正常的
08:15
because that's what we do in the lab, but for a teacher
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因為這就是實驗室的一部份 但是對於老師來說
08:18
not to know what's going to happen at the end of the day --
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如果完全不知道每天結束都會發生什麼事的話...
08:19
so much of the credit goes to Dave Strudwick, who was
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所以我們就把這個責任交給 Dave Strudwick
08:22
the collaborator on this project. Okay?
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也就是我們這個計畫的合作者
08:24
So I'm not going to go through the whole details of the study
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我等等並不會直接講述這個研究的細節
08:27
because actually you can read about it, but the next step
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因為你們等等就會瞭解了 而下一個步驟
08:29
is observation. So here are some of the students
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就是觀察 這邊有幾個孩子
08:33
doing the observations. They're recording the data
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正在做觀察 他們正在紀錄
08:36
of where the bees fly.
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紀錄蜜蜂飛行的方向
08:41
(Video) Dave Strudwick: So what we're going to do —Student: 5C.
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(影片) Dave Strudwick: 所以我們現在要做的是? 學生: 5C
08:43
Dave Strudwick: Is she still going up here?Student: Yeah.
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Dave Strudwick: 蜜蜂還正在往上飛嗎? 學生: 對
08:47
Dave Strudwick: So you keep track of each.Student: Henry, can you help me here?
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Dave Strudwick: 你們繼續觀察牠們飛行的方向喔 學生: "亨利 可以幫我一下嗎? "
08:50
BL: "Can you help me, Henry?" What good scientist says that, right?
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BL: "可以幫我一下嗎 亨利" 好的科學家都是這樣說的 對吧?
08:53
Student: There's two up there.
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學生: 這裡有兩隻蜜蜂
08:58
And three in here.
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那裏有三隻
09:01
BL: Right? So we've got our observations. We've got our data.
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BL: 看到了吧? 我們做完了觀察 也得到了數據
09:03
They do the simple mathematics, averaging, etc., etc.
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他們做了一些簡單的數學運算 平均 等等等等
09:07
And now we want to share. That's the next step.
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所以我們想要分享我們的結果 這就是下一步了
09:09
So we're going to write this up and try to submit this
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我們必須把結果寫成報告並且提交
09:10
for publication. Right? So we have to write it up.
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才能發表 對吧? 所以我們開始寫報告
09:13
So we go, of course, to the pub. All right? (Laughter)
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所以我們去了 當然 去了酒吧 (笑聲)
09:18
The one on the left is mine, okay? (Laughter)
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左邊的那杯是我喝的 看到了吧 (笑聲)
09:20
Now, I tell them, a paper has four different sections:
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我告訴他們 一份正式的報告應該有四個部分
09:22
an introduction, a methods, a results, a discussion.
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引言 方法 結論 討論
09:25
The introduction says, what's the question and why?
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引言的部分應該要提到 你們所提出的問題和理由
09:28
Methods, what did you do? Results, what was the observation?
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方法, 你們做了什麼? 結論, 你們觀察的結果
09:31
And the discussion is, who cares? Right?
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最後是討論 不過誰在乎啊? 對吧
09:33
That's a science paper, basically. (Laughter)
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基本上 這就是一份科學的報告 (笑聲)
09:35
So the kids give me the words, right? I put it into a narrative,
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所以孩子們給我這些字句 而我把這些字句寫成敘述文
09:40
which means that this paper is written in kidspeak.
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也就是說 這邊報告是用孩子們的口吻所寫的
09:43
It's not written by me. It's written by Amy
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所以不是我寫的報告 是艾咪
09:46
and the other students in the class. As a consequence,
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還有班上其他的孩子們一起寫的 所以
09:49
this science paper begins, "Once upon a time ... " (Laughter)
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這邊報告的第一句話是 "從前從前..." (笑聲)
09:55
The results section, it says: "Training phase, the puzzle ... duh duh duuuuuhhh." Right? (Laughter)
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結論的部分寫了 "難題 duh duh duuuuuhhh." (笑聲)
10:00
And the methods, it says, "Then we put the bees
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方法的部分則是寫了 "然後我們把蜜蜂冰進冰箱裡"
10:03
into the fridge (and made bee pie)," smiley face. Right? (Laughter)
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"然後做成蜜蜂派" 還有加個笑臉 (笑聲)
10:06
This is a science paper. We're going to try to get it published.
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這可是一個科學報告 而我們希望能夠發表出來耶
10:10
So here's the title page. We have a number of authors there.
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這是報告的封面 上面有這些小小作者的名字
10:12
All the ones in bold are eight to 10 years old.
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這些8到10歲的小朋友
10:15
The first author is Blackawton Primary School, because
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名列第一位作者的是 Blackawton 小學
10:17
if it were ever referenced, it would be "Blackawton et al,"
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因為這樣子以後只要有人引注這份資料 名字就會是 "Blackawton小學等人"
10:21
and not one individual. So we submit it to a public access journal,
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而不是任何一個個人 然後我們將報告投稿到一個公共的期刊
10:24
and it says this. It said many things, but it said this.
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期刊說了好多事 但最重要的是 它說了
10:27
"I'm afraid the paper fails our initial quality control checks in several different ways." (Laughter)
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這份研究報告恐怕沒有達到很多方面的最低標準(笑聲)
10:31
In other words, it starts off "once upon a time,"
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換句話來說 這份報告是由 "從前從前..."這句話開始的
10:34
the figures are in crayon, etc. (Laughter)
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圖還是用蠟筆畫的 (笑聲)
10:36
So we said, we'll get it reviewed. So I sent it to Dale Purves,
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於是我們說 我們會再拿去修改一下 所以我把報告寄給了Dale Purves
10:40
who is at the National Academy of Science, one of the leading neuroscientists in the world,
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一個國家科學研究院工作頂尖的神經學專家
10:44
and he says, "This is the most original science paper I have ever read" — (Laughter) —
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而他說 "這是一份我看過最原汁原味的報告了" (笑聲)
10:47
"and it certainly deserves wide exposure."
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"而它值得被更多人注意到"
10:49
Larry Maloney, expert in vision, says, "The paper is magnificent.
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視覺專家Larry Maloney 說 "這份報告實在是很了不起"
10:54
The work would be publishable if done by adults."
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如果這是一個成人做的研究 一定會被發表
10:57
So what did we do? We send it back to the editor.
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於是我們做了什麼? 我們把報告拿回去給編輯
10:59
They say no.
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不過他們還是不願意發表
11:01
So we asked Larry and Natalie Hempel to write
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所以我們請了Larry還有Natalie Hempel
11:03
a commentary situating the findings for scientists, right,
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請他們幫科學家們寫了情境評估
11:07
putting in the references, and we submit it to Biology Letters.
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放在引注資料裡 然後將它投稿到 <<生物通訊>>
11:11
And there, it was reviewed by five independent referees,
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它被五位獨立的評審審查之後
11:15
and it was published. Okay? (Applause)
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它被發表了 (掌聲)
11:19
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
11:25
It took four months to do the science,
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這個研究花了4個月完成
11:28
two years to get it published. (Laughter)
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卻花了兩年才被發表 (笑聲)
11:31
Typical science, actually, right? So this makes Amy and
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典型的科學 對吧? 而這個發表使艾咪和她的朋友
11:36
her friends the youngest published scientists in the world.
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成為史上最年輕已發表的科學家
11:39
What was the feedback like?
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那麼反應如何呢?
11:41
Well, it was published two days before Christmas,
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嗯 那是在聖誕節前兩周發表的
11:43
downloaded 30,000 times in the first day, right?
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在第一天就被下載了三萬次
11:47
It was the Editors' Choice in Science, which is a top science magazine.
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它成為了有名的科學雜誌<<科學>>的編輯推薦
11:51
It's forever freely accessible by Biology Letters.
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<<生物通訊>> 開放了它的永久免費分享
11:54
It's the only paper that will ever be freely accessible by this journal.
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這是<<生物通訊>>唯一開放永久免費分享的一篇研究報告
11:58
Last year, it was the second-most downloaded paper
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去年 這篇它成為了<<生物通訊>>下載量第二的報告
12:00
by Biology Letters, and the feedback from not just scientists
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除了科學家和老師之外
12:04
and teachers but the public as well.
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也得到了大眾的回饋
12:07
And I'll just read one.
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我來唸一個吧
12:09
"I have read 'Blackawton Bees' recently. I don't have
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"我讀了這篇Blackawton蜜蜂的報告"
12:11
words to explain exactly how I am feeling right now.
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"我不知道如何用文字來形容我的感覺"
12:14
What you guys have done is real, true and amazing.
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"你們所做的事真實而且驚人"
12:16
Curiosity, interest, innocence and zeal are the most basic
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"對於科學來說最重要且基本的事就是"
12:19
and most important things to do science.
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"好奇心 興趣 純真 與熱情"
12:21
Who else can have these qualities more than children?
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"誰能比孩子們擁有更多這些特質呢?"
12:23
Please congratulate your children's team from my side."
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"請代我向這些孩子們說聲恭喜"
12:27
So I'd like to conclude with a physical metaphor.
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我想用一個物理上的隱喻來做總結
12:30
Can I do it on you? (Laughter)
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我能在你身上做這個實驗嗎? (笑聲)
12:33
Oh yeah, yeah, yeah, come on. Yeah yeah. Okay.
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嗯 嗯 嗯 你來吧 好 好 好
12:36
Now, science is about taking risks, so this is an incredible risk, right? (Laughter)
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科學就是冒險 所以這是一個很好玩的實驗(笑聲)
12:42
For me, not for him. Right? Because we've only done this once before. (Laughter)
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是對我來說而不是對他 對吧? 因為這個實驗之前只做過一次
12:48
And you like technology, right?
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你喜歡科技 對吧?
12:49
Shimon Schocken: Right, but I like myself.
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Shimon Schocken: 對 但我更喜歡我自己
12:51
BL: This is the epitome of technology. Right. Okay.
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BL:這是一個科技的縮影 好
12:54
Now ... (Laughter)
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現在... (笑聲)
12:58
Okay. (Laughter)
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好了 (笑聲)
13:01
Now, we're going to do a little demonstration, right?
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現在我們來做些示範吧 好嗎?
13:05
You have to close your eyes, and you have to point
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請你把你的眼睛閉上
13:09
where you hear me clapping. All right?
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然後指出掌聲是從哪個方向來的 可以嗎?
13:12
(Clapping)
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(掌聲)
13:17
(Clapping)
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(掌聲)
13:20
Okay, how about if everyone over there shouts. One, two, three?
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好 那 那邊的觀眾出聲音 一 二 三
13:23
Audience: (Shouts)
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觀眾: (觀眾聲音)
13:25
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
13:30
(Shouts) (Laughter)
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(觀眾聲音) (笑聲)
13:33
Brilliant. Now, open your eyes. We'll do it one more time.
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太棒了 現在打開你的眼睛 我們再做一次
13:37
Everyone over there shout. (Shouts)
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那邊的觀眾出聲音 (觀眾聲音)
13:40
Where's the sound coming from? (Laughter) (Applause)
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聲音是從哪邊來的呢? (笑聲) (掌聲)
13:45
Thank you very much. (Applause)
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謝謝你的配合 (掌聲)
13:50
What's the point? The point is what science does for us.
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剛剛的重點是什麼? 重點是科學對我們做了什麼
13:53
Right? We normally walk through life responding,
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是吧? 我們通常只是機械式的對生活做出反應
13:56
but if we ever want to do anything different, we have to
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但如果我們想做些不一樣的事 我們就需要踏出我們的舒適圈
13:58
step into uncertainty. When he opened his eyes,
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當他打開眼睛時
14:01
he was able to see the world in a new way.
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他看事情的角度也不一樣了
14:03
That's what science offers us. It offers the possibility
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而這就是科學提供給我們的東西
14:06
to step on uncertainty through the process of play, right?
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科學透過一連串的玩樂提供我們探索未知的機會
14:10
Now, true science education I think should be about
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我想 真正的科學教育 應該是給人發聲
14:13
giving people a voice and enabling to express that voice,
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並且擁有能力去實踐
14:17
so I've asked Amy to be the last voice in this short story.
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所以我請艾咪成為這演講最後的發言人
14:21
So, Amy?
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艾咪?
14:24
AO: This project was really exciting for me,
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艾咪: 這個研究計畫對我來說實在是太刺激了
14:27
because it brought the process of discovery to life,
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因為它讓探索的過程中真正融入生活中
14:29
and it showed me that anyone, and I mean anyone,
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也讓我了解到 任何人 每一個人
14:32
has the potential to discover something new,
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都有發現新事物的潛力
14:35
and that a small question can lead into a big discovery.
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對事情一個小小的疑問 最後就有可能變成一個巨大的發現
14:39
Changing the way a person thinks about something
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改變對一個人本來對一件事情的想法
14:42
can be easy or hard. It all depends on the way the person
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可能簡單也又可能困難 而那取決於
14:45
feels about change.
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一個人對改變的看法
14:47
But changing the way I thought about science was
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但是 改變我對科學的看法 就是驚人的簡單
14:49
surprisingly easy. Once we played the games
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從我們玩了一次遊戲
14:52
and then started to think about the puzzle,
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然後想了如何設置蜜蜂的關卡
14:54
I then realized that science isn't just a boring subject,
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我發現到 原來科學並不只是一個無聊的科目
14:58
and that anyone can discover something new.
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而是一個讓每個人都能夠發現新事情的東西
15:01
You just need an opportunity. My opportunity came
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你只是需要一個機會 而我的機會
15:04
in the form of Beau, and the Blackawton Bee Project.
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就是Beau 還有這個 Blackawton 蜜蜂計畫提供給我的
15:07
Thank you.BL: Thank you very much. (Applause)
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謝謝 BL: 謝謝大家 (掌聲)
15:11
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
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