Sisonke Msimang: If a story moves you, act on it | TED

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Joanna Pietrulewicz

Prevodilac: Sonja Rajkovic Lektor: Ivana Krivokuća

So earlier this year,

Početkom ove godine,

I was informed that I would be doing a TED Talk.

obaveštena sam da ću držati govor na TED-u.

So I was excited, then I panicked,

Bila sam uzbuđena, a potom u panici,

then I was excited, then I panicked,

pa sam bila uzbuđena, pa opet u panici,

and in between the excitement and the panicking,

a negde između uzbuđenja i panike,

I started to do my research,

krenula sam da istražujem,

i moje istraživanje se sastojalo pre svega od guglanja - kako održati govor na TED-u.

and my research primarily consisted of Googling how to give a great TED Talk.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

And interspersed with that,

A uporedo sa tim,

I was Googling Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie.

tražila sam na Guglu ime Čimamanda Ngozi Adiči.

How many of you know who that is?

Koliko vas zna ko je to?

(Cheers)

(Ovacije)

So I was Googling her because I always Google her

Dakle, guglala sam o njoj jer uvek guglam o njoj

zato što sam njen fan,

because I'm just a fan,

but also because she always has important and interesting things to say.

ali i zato što ona uvek ima nešto važno i zanimljivo da kaže.

Kombinacija tih pretraga

And the combination of those searches

kept leading me to her talk

me je uporno vodila ka njenom govoru

o opasnostima jedne priče,

on the dangers of a single story,

on what happens when we have a solitary lens

o tome šta se dešava kada imamo jednu perspektivu

through which to understand certain groups of people,

kroz koju razumemo određene grupe ljudi,

and it is the perfect talk.

i to je jedan savršen govor.

It's the talk that I would have given if I had been famous first.

To je govor koji bih ja održala da sam postala poznata pre nje.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

You know, and you know, like, she's African and I'm African,

Znate, ona je Afrikanka i ja sam Afrikanka,

and she's a feminist and I'm a feminist,

ona je feministkinja i ja sam feministkinja,

and she's a storyteller and I'm a storyteller,

ona je pripovedač i ja sam pripovedač,

so I really felt like it's my talk.

stvarno sam osećala kao da je govor moj.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

So I decided that I was going to learn how to code,

Tako da sam odlučila da ću naučiti kodiranje,

and then I was going to hack the internet

onda bih izvršila napad na internet

and I would take down all the copies of that talk that existed,

i uklonila bih sve kopije tog govora koje postoje,

and then I would memorize it,

a onda bih ga naučila,

došla bih ovde i održala taj govor kao da je moj.

and then I would come here and deliver it as if it was my own speech.

Taj plan je išao veoma dobro, osim dela sa kodiranjem,

So that plan was going really well, except the coding part,

and then one morning a few months ago,

i onda jednog jutra pre nekoliko meseci,

I woke up

probudila sam se

i čula vesti da je žena jednog predsedničkog kandidata

to the news that the wife of a certain presidential candidate

had given a speech that --

održala govor koji -

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

that sounded eerily like a speech given by one of my other faves,

koji je jezivo zvučao kao govor koji je održao moj drugi favorit

Michelle Obama.

Mišel Obama.

(Cheers)

(Ovacije)

And so I decided that I should probably write my own TED Talk,

Tako sam odlučila da bi verovatno trebalo da napišem svoj TED govor,

i zato sam danas ovde.

and so that is what I am here to do.

I'm here to talk about my own observations about storytelling.

Ovde sam da govorim o sopstvenim zapažanjima

o pripovedanju priča.

I want to talk to you about the power of stories, of course,

Želim da vam govorim o moći priča, naravno,

but I also want to talk about their limitations,

ali takođe želim da govorim o njihovim ograničenjima,

particularly for those of us who are interested in social justice.

posebno za nas koji smo zainteresovani za društvenu pravdu.

Od kad je Adiči održala taj govor pre sedam godina,

So since Adichie gave that talk seven years ago,

there has been a boom in storytelling.

krenula je prava pomama za pripovedanjem priča.

Stories are everywhere,

Priče su svuda oko nas,

and if there was a danger in the telling of one tired old tale,

i ako bi postojala opasnost u pričanju jedne te iste stare priče,

then I think there has got to be lots to celebrate about the flourishing

onda mislim da mora da ima i puno razloga za slavlje zbog procvata

of so many stories and so many voices.

toliko puno priča i toliko puno glasova.

Stories are the antidote to bias.

Priče su protivotrov za predrasude.

In fact, today, if you are middle class and connected via the internet,

U stvari, danas, ako pripadate srednjoj klasi i imate internet vezu,

možete da skinete priče jednim klikom tastera

you can download stories at the touch of a button

or the swipe of a screen.

ili jednim dodirom ekrana.

You can listen to a podcast

Možete slušati podkast

about what it's like to grow up Dalit in Kolkata.

o tome kako je to odrastati kao Dalit u Kalkuti.

You can hear an indigenous man in Australia

Možete čuti domoroca u Australiji

talk about the trials and triumphs of raising his children in dignity

kako govori o iskušenjima i uspesima podizanja dece dostojanstveno

i sa ponosom.

and in pride.

Stories make us fall in love.

Priče čine da se zaljubimo.

They heal rifts and they bridge divides.

One popravljaju nesporazume i premošcuju jaz.

Stories can even make it easier for us

Priče čak mogu da olakšaju

to talk about the deaths of people in our societies

da pričamo o smrti ljudi u našem društvu

koji nisu tako važni, zato što čine da brinemo.

who don't matter, because they make us care.

Right?

Je l' tako?

I'm not so sure,

Nisam tako sigurna,

a ja zapravo radim na mestu koje se zove Centar za priče.

and I actually work for a place called the Centre for Stories.

And my job is to help to tell stories

Moj posao je da pomognem da se ispričaju priče

that challenge mainstream narratives about what it means to be black

koji osporavaju ustaljeni narativ o tome šta znači biti crnac,

or a Muslim or a refugee or any of those other categories

musliman, izbeglica ili bilo koja od drugih kategorija

that we talk about all the time.

o kojima pričamo sve vreme.

But I come to this work

Ali došla sam na ovaj posao

after a long history as a social justice activist,

nakon duge karijere kao aktivista za društvenu pravdu,

and so I'm really interested in the ways

i zaista sam zainteresovana za načine

that people talk about nonfiction storytelling

na koje ljudi govore o pričanju stvarnih priča

as though it's about more than entertainment,

kao da je to više od zabave,

as though it's about being a catalyst for social action.

kao da se radi o tome da se bude podsticaj za društveno delovanje.

It's not uncommon to hear people say

Nije ništa čudno da čujete ljude da kažu

that stories make the world a better place.

da priče čine svet lepšim mestom za život.

Increasingly, though, I worry that even the most poignant stories,

Ipak, sve više me brine da čak i najdirljivije priče,

posebno priče o ljudima do kojih izgleda da nikom nije stalo,

particularly the stories about people who no one seems to care about,

mogu često da stanu na put delovanju ka društvenoj jednakosti.

can often get in the way of action towards social justice.

Now, this is not because storytellers mean any harm.

Ovo nije zato što pripovedači imaju zlu nameru.

Quite the contrary.

Baš naprotiv.

Storytellers are often do-gooders like me and, I suspect, yourselves.

Pripovedači su često oni koji čine dobra dela kao ja a, verujem, i vi.

And the audiences of storytellers

I publika pripovedača

are often deeply compassionate and empathetic people.

su često veoma saosećajni ljudi puni empatije.

Still, good intentions can have unintended consequences,

Ipak, dobre namere mogu imati neželjene posledice,

and so I want to propose that stories are not as magical as they seem.

tako da želim da iznesem ideju da priče nisu tako magične kao što se čine.

So three -- because it's always got to be three --

Evo tri - zato što uvek mora da bude tri -

three reasons why I think

tri razloga zašto ja mislim

that stories don't necessarily make the world a better place.

da priče ne čine nužno svet boljim mestom za život.

Firstly, stories can create an illusion of solidarity.

Prvo, priče mogu da stvore privid složnosti.

There is nothing like that feel-good factor you get

Nema ničeg boljeg od osećaja koji imate

from listening to a fantastic story

dok slušate sjajnu priču

kada vam se čini kao da ste se popeli na taj vrh planine, je l' tako,

where you feel like you climbed that mountain, right,

or that you befriended that death row inmate.

ili da ste se sprijateljili sa tim osuđenikom na smrt.

But you didn't.

Ali niste.

You haven't done anything.

Niste učinili ništa.

Slušanje je važan,

Listening is an important

but insufficient step towards social action.

ali nedovoljan korak ka društvenom delovanju.

Drugo, mislim da nas često privuku

Secondly, I think often we are drawn

likovi i protagonisti

towards characters and protagonists

who are likable and human.

koji su simpatični i čovečni.

And this makes sense, of course, right?

I ovo ima smisla, naravno, je l' tako?

Because if you like someone, then you care about them.

Zato što ako vam se neko dopada, onda vam je stalo njega.

But the inverse is also true.

Ali obrnuto je takođe tačno.

If you don't like someone,

Ako vam se neko ne dopada,

then you don't care about them.

onda vam nije stalo do njega.

I ako vam nije stalo do njega,

And if you don't care about them,

ne morate da se osećate kao da imate moralnu obavezu

you don't have to see yourself as having a moral obligation

to think about the circumstances that shaped their lives.

da razmišljate o okolnostima koje su uticale na njihov život.

Ja sam naučila ovu lekciju sa 14 godina.

I learned this lesson when I was 14 years old.

I learned that actually, you don't have to like someone

Naučila sam da zapravo neko ne mora da ti se dopada

da bi prepoznao njegovu mudrost,

to recognize their wisdom,

and you certainly don't have to like someone

i svakako neko ne mora da ti se dopada

to take a stand by their side.

da bi stao na njegovu stranu.

So my bike was stolen

Dakle, ukraden mi je bicikl

while I was riding it --

dok sam ga vozila -

(Smeh)

(Laughter)

što je moguće jedino ako vozite dovoljno sporo, što ja jesam radila.

which is possible if you're riding slowly enough, which I was.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

So one minute I'm cutting across this field

U jednom trenutku, ja prelazim preko tog polja

in the Nairobi neighborhood where I grew up,

u naselju u Najrobiju gde sam odrasla,

and it's like a very bumpy path,

i put je veoma neravan,

a kada vozite bicikl,

and so when you're riding a bike,

you don't want to be like, you know --

ne želite da izgledate kao da, znate -

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

I tako se krećem ovako, vozim sporo,

And so I'm going like this, slowly pedaling,

and all of a sudden, I'm on the floor.

i odjednom, na podu sam.

I'm on the ground, and I look up,

Na zemlji sam, pogledam gore,

and there's this kid peddling away in the getaway vehicle,

i taj dečak se odvozi na otetom vozilu,

which is my bike,

što je moj bicikl.

and he's about 11 or 12 years old, and I'm on the floor,

On ima oko 11 ili 12 godina, ja sam na podu,

and I'm crying because I saved a lot of money for that bike,

plačem zato što sam uštedela dosta novca za taj bicikl,

plačem, ustajem i počinjem da vičem.

and I'm crying and I stand up and I start screaming.

Instinct steps in, and I start screaming, "Mwizi, mwizi!"

Instinkt se javlja i počinjem da vičem, „Mvizi, mvizi!“

which means "thief" in Swahili.

što je „lopov“ na svahiliju.

And out of the woodworks, all of these people come out

I sa svih strana, svi ti ljudi izlaze

and they start to give chase.

i počinju da jure.

Ovo je Afrika, znači pravda mase na delu.

This is Africa, so mob justice in action.

Right?

Je l'?

And I round the corner, and they've captured him,

Zalazim iza ugla, i oni su ga zarobili,

they've caught him.

uhvatili su ga.

Osumnjičeni je uhvaćen,

The suspect has been apprehended,

oni ga nateraju da mi vrati bicikl,

and they make him give me my bike back,

and they also make him apologize.

i nateraju ga da mi se izvini.

Again, you know, typical African justice, right?

Ponovo, znate, tipična afrička pravda, je l'?

Nateraju ga da se izvini.

And so they make him say sorry.

And so we stand there facing each other,

I tako stojimo nas dvoje jedno naspram drugog,

and he looks at me, and he says sorry,

on me pogleda i kaže da mu je žao,

but he looks at me with this unbridled fury.

ali me gleda sa takvim razuzdanim besom.

He is very, very angry.

On je baš, baš ljut.

And it is the first time that I have been confronted with someone

To je prvi put da sam se suočila sa nekim kome se nisam dopadala

who doesn't like me simply because of what I represent.

samo zbog onog što predstavljam.

Posmatra me onim pogledom koji kao da kaže:

He looks at me with this look as if to say,

"You, with your shiny skin and your bike, you're angry at me?"

„Ti, sa tvojom blistavom kožom i tvojim biciklom, ti si ljuta na mene?“

To je bila teška lekcija - da mu se nisam sviđala,

So it was a hard lesson that he didn't like me,

but you know what, he was right.

ali znate šta, bio je u pravu.

I was a middle-class kid living in a poor country.

Ja sam bila dete srednje klase koje živi u siromašnoj zemlji.

I had a bike, and he barely had food.

Imala sam bicikl, a on je jedva imao hranu.

Sometimes, it's the messages that we don't want to hear,

Ponekad su poruke koje ne želimo da čujemo,

the ones that make us want to crawl out of ourselves,

one koje čine da želimo da iskočimo iz svoje kože,

that we need to hear the most.

one koje su nam najpotrebnije da čujemo.

For every lovable storyteller who steals your heart,

Na svakog omiljenog pripovedača koji vam osvoji srce,

ide na stotine njih čiji glasovi su nerazgovetni i grubi,

there are hundreds more whose voices are slurred and ragged,

who don't get to stand up on a stage dressed in fine clothes like this.

koji nemaju priliku da stoje na sceni, doterani ovako lepo.

There are a million angry-boy-on-a-bike stories

Postoji milion priča o „ljutim dečacima na biciklu“

and we can't afford to ignore them

i ne možemo da ih ignorišemo

simply because we don't like their protagonists

samo zbog toga što nam se njihovi protagonisti ne dopadaju

or because that's not the kid that we would bring home with us

ili zato što to nije dete koje bismo doveli kući iz sirotišta.

from the orphanage.

The third reason that I think

Treći razlog zbog kog mislim

that stories don't necessarily make the world a better place

da priče ne čine nužno svet boljim mestom

je to da se često tako uživimo u našu ličnu priču

is that too often we are so invested in the personal narrative

that we forget to look at the bigger picture.

da zaboravimo da sagledamo širu sliku.

And so we applaud someone

Tako aplaudiramo nekome

when they tell us about their feelings of shame,

kada nam govori o svojim osećanjima srama,

but we don't necessarily link that to oppression.

ali to ne povezujemo nužno sa ugnjetavanjem.

Klimamo glavom sa razumevanjem kada neko kaže da se osetio malim,

We nod understandingly when someone says they felt small,

but we don't link that to discrimination.

ali ne povezujemo to sa diskriminacijom.

The most important stories, especially for social justice,

Najvažnije priče, posebno za društvenu pravdu,

are those that do both,

su one koje čine oba,

that are both personal and allow us to explore and understand the political.

koje su i lične ali nam i dopuštaju da istražimo i razumemo političku stranu.

But it's not just about the stories we like

Ali nije reč samo o pričama koje volimo

versus the stories we choose to ignore.

naspram priča koje biramo da ignorišemo.

Increasingly, we are living in a society where there are larger forces at play,

Sve više živimo u društvu gde su veće sile u igri,

where stories are actually for many people beginning to replace the news.

gde priče zapravo za mnoge ljude počinju da zauzimaju mesto vestima.

Yeah?

Je l'?

We live in a time where we are witnessing the decline of facts,

Živimo u vremenu gde svedočimo opadanju značaja činjenica,

when emotions rule

kada osećanja vladaju

and analysis, it's kind of boring, right?

a analize, to je malo dosadno, zar ne?

Where we value what we feel more than what we actually know.

Gde cenimo ono što osećamo više nego ono što zaista znamo.

Skorašnji izveštaj Centra Pju o trendovima u Americi

A recent report by the Pew Center on trends in America

indicates that only 10 percent of young adults under the age of 30

ukazuje da samo 10 procenata mladih ljudi ispod 30 godina

„ima puno poverenja u medije“.

"place a lot of trust in the media."

Now, this is significant.

Ovo je važno.

It means that storytellers are gaining trust

To znači da pripovedači dobijaju poverenje

at precisely the same moment

u isto vreme

that many in the media are losing the confidence in the public.

kada mnogi u medijima gube poverenje u javnost.

Ovo nije dobra stvar,

This is not a good thing,

because while stories are important

zato što, iako su priče važne

and they help us to have insights in many ways,

i pomažu nam da dodjemo do uvida na mnogo načina,

we need the media.

mediji su nam potrebni.

From my years as a social justice activist,

Iz mog iskustva kao aktiviste za društvenu pravdu,

znam odlično da su nam potrebne verodostojne činjenice iz medija

I know very well that we need credible facts from media institutions

combined with the powerful voices of storytellers.

u kombinaciji sa moćnim glasom pripovedača.

That's what pushes the needle forward in terms of social justice.

To je ono što će pogurati stvari u pogledu društvene pravde.

In the final analysis, of course,

U krajnjem pogledu, naravno,

it is justice

pravda je ono

that makes the world a better place,

što čini svet boljim mestom,

a ne priče, zar ne?

not stories. Right?

Dakle, ako je pravda ono čemu težimo,

And so if it is justice that we are after,

onda mislim da ne treba da se fokusiramo na medije ili pripovedače.

then I think we mustn't focus on the media or on storytellers.

We must focus on audiences,

Moramo se fokusirati na publiku,

on anyone who has ever turned on a radio

na svakog ko je ikad upalio radio

or listened to a podcast,

ili slušao podkast,

and that means all of us.

a to znači na svakog od nas.

So a few concluding thoughts

Još nekoliko reči kao zaključak

on what audiences can do to make the world a better place.

o tome šta publika može da učini da svet bude bolje mesto.

Dakle, prvo, svet bi bio bolje mesto za život, mislim,

So firstly, the world would be a better place, I think,

if audiences were more curious and more skeptical

kada bi publika bila znatiželjnija, skeptičnija

and asked more questions about the social context

i postavljala više pitanja o društvenom kontekstu

that created those stories that they love so much.

koji je stvorio te priče koje oni toliko vole.

Drugo, svet bi bio bolje mesto

Secondly, the world would be a better place

if audiences recognized that storytelling is intellectual work.

kada bi publika prepoznala da je pričanje priča intelektualan posao.

And I think it would be important for audiences

Mislim i da bi bilo važno da publika

to demand more buttons on their favorite websites,

zahteva više tastera na njihovim omiljenim sajtovima,

buttons for example that say,

tastera koji, na primer, kažu:

"If you liked this story,

„Ako vam se dopala ova priča,

click here to support a cause your storyteller believes in."

kliknite ovde da podržite pokret u koji vaš pripovedač veruje.“

Or "click here to contribute to your storyteller's next big idea."

Ili „kliknite ovde da doprinesete sledećoj velikoj ideji vašeg pripovedača.“

Often, we are committed to the platforms,

Često smo odani nekoj platformi,

ali ne nužno i samom pripovedaču.

but not necessarily to the storytellers themselves.

And then lastly, I think that audiences can make the world a better place

I poslednje, mislim da publika može da učini svet boljim mestom

by switching off their phones,

tako što će isključiti telefone,

by stepping away from their screens

skloniti se od ekrana

and stepping out into the real world beyond what feels safe.

i kročiti u stvarnost izvan onog što deluje sigurno.

Alice Walker has said,

Alis Voker je rekla:

"Look closely at the present you are constructing.

„Pogledajte pažljivo sadašnjost koju kreirate.

It should look like the future you are dreaming."

Trebalo bi da izgleda kao budućnost o kojoj sanjate.“

Storytellers can help us to dream,

Pripovedači mogu da nam pomognu da sanjamo,

but it's up to all of us to have a plan for justice.

ali je na svima nama da imamo plan za pravdu.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)