Michael McDaniel: Cheap, effective shelter for disaster relief

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast

Prevodilac: Dejan Vicai Lektor: Mile Živković

So, I'm going to start off with kind of the buzzkill a little bit.

Dakle, počeću sa pomalo frapantnim podatkom.

Forty-two million people

Četrdeset dva miliona ljudi

were displaced by natural disasters in 2010.

je raseljeno usled prirodnih katastrofa tokom 2010 godine.

Now, there was nothing particularly special about 2010,

Ništa posebno ne možemo izdvojiti za 2010. godinu,

because, on average, 31 and a half million people

zato što se, u proseku, 31 i po milion ljudi

are displaced by natural disasters every single year.

raseli usled prirodnih katastrofa svake godine.

Now, usually when people hear statistics or stats like that,

Uglavnom kada ljudi čuju takvu statistiku i podatke,

you start thinking about places like Haiti or other kind of

počnete da mislite o mestima kao što je Haiti ili neka druga vrsta

exotic or maybe even impoverished areas, but it happens

egzotičnih ili možda čak osiromašenih područja, ali dešava se

right here in the United States every single year.

upravo ovde u Sjedinjenim Državama svake godine.

Last year alone, 99 federally declared disasters

Samo prošle godine, 99 javno proglašenih katastrofa

were on file with FEMA,

je bilo na listi FEMA-e,

from Joplin, Missouri, and Tuscaloosa, Alabama,

od Džoplina u Misuriju i Taskaluse u Alabami,

to the Central Texas wildfires that just happened recently.

do divljih vatri u centralnom Teksasu koje su se desile nedavno.

Now, how does the most powerful country in the world

Kako se najmoćnija zemlja u svetu

handle these displaced people?

snalazi sa tim raseljenim ljudima?

They cram them onto cots, put all your personal belongings

Naguraju ih na krevetiće, stave sve njihove lične stvari

in a plastic garbage bag, stick it underneath,

u plastične vreće za smeće, zabiju ih ispod,

and put you on the floor of an entire sports arena,

i smeste vas na pod jedne cele sportske arene,

or a gymnasium.

ili sportske sale.

So obviously there's a massive housing gap,

Očigledno postoji ogroman jaz naseljavanja,

and this really upset me, because academia tells you

ovo me jako uzrujalo, jer nauka nam govori

after a major disaster, there's typically about

da posle velike nepogode postoji otprilike

an 18-month time frame to -- we kinda recover,

vremenski okvir od 18 meseci - da se nekako oporavimo,

start the recovery process,

počnemo proces obnavljanja,

but what most people don't realize is that on average

ali ono što većina ljudi ne shvata je da u proseku

it takes 45 to 60 days or more

treba 45 do 60 dana ili više

for the infamous FEMA trailers to even begin to show up.

da se zloglasne FEMA prikolice počnu pojavljivati.

Before that time, people are left to their own devices.

Pre tog perioda, ljudi su prepušteni svojim uređajima,

So I became obsessed with trying to figure out a way

Tako da sam postao opsednut time da shvatim kako

to actually fill this gap.

da zapravo ispunimo ovaj jaz.

This actually became my creative obsession.

Ovo je postala moja kreativna opsesija.

I put aside all my freelance work after hours and started

Stavio sam na stranu sav svoj honorarni posao posle radnog vremena i počeo

just focusing particularly on this problem.

da se fokusiram samo na ovaj probem.

So I started sketching.

Pa sam počeo da skiciram.

Two days after Katrina, I started sketching and sketching

Dva dana nakon Katrine, počeo sam da skiciram i skiciram

and trying to brainstorm up ideas or solutions for this,

pokušavajući da smislim ideje ili rešenja za ovo,

and as things started to congeal or ideas started to form,

i kako su stvari počele da se oblikuju ili ideje da se formiraju,

I started sketching digitally on the computer,

počeo sam digitalno da skiciram na računaru,

but it was an obsession, so I couldn't just stop there.

ali je to bila opsesija, te nisam mogao da prestanem.

I started experimenting, making models,

Počeo sam da eksperimentišem, pravim modele,

talking to experts in the field, taking their feedback,

razgovaram sa stručnjacima iz tih polja, uzimajući povratne informacije,

and refining, and I kept on refining and refining

i prepravljajući i samo sam prepravljao i prepravljao

for nights and weekends for over five years.

noćima i vikendima više od pet godina.

Now, my obsession ended up driving me to create

Moja opsesija me je naterala da stvorim

full-size prototypes in my own backyard — (Laughter) —

prototipe u punoj veličini u svom dvorištu - (Smeh) -

and actually spending my own personal savings on

i da zapravo potrošim svoju ličnu ušteđevinu

everything from tooling to patents

na sve od alata do patenata

and a variety of other costs,

i na razne druge izdatke,

but in the end I ended up with this modular housing system

ali na kraju sam završio sa modularnim kućnim sistemom

that can react to any situation or disaster.

koji može da reaguje na bilo kakvu situaciju ili nepogodu.

It can be put up in any environment,

Može da se postavi u bilo koju sredinu,

from an asphalt parking lot to pastures or fields,

od asfaltiranog parkirališta do pašnjaka i livada,

because it doesn't require any special setup

jer ne zahteva nikakvo posebno nameštanje

or specialty tools.

ili specijalne alate.

Now, at the foundation and kind of the core

U osnovi i nekako u srži

of this whole system is the Exo Housing Unit,

ovog celog sistema leži Ekso stambena jedinica,

which is just the individual shelter module.

što je samo individualni modul skloništa.

And though it's light, light enough that you can actually

Iako je lagana, dovoljno lagana da je

lift it by hand and move it around,

možete podići i nositi okolo,

and it actually sleeps four people.

i zapravo može četvoro da spava u njoj.

And you can arrange these things as kind of more

Možete ih rasporediti više kao

for encampments and more of a city grid type layout,

u kampovima i više kao u rasporedu tipa gradske mreže,

or you can circle the wagons, essentially,

ili možete ih postaviti u krug

and form these circular pods out of them,

i formirati kružne mahune od njih,

which give you this semi-private communal area

stvarajući polu-privatnu zajedničku oblast

for people to actually spill out into so they're not actually

gde ljudi mogu da izađu tako da nisu

trapped inside these units.

zarobljeni u tim jedinicama.

Now this fundamentally changes

Ovo suštinski menja

the way we respond to disasters,

način na koji reagujemo na nepogode,

because gone are the horrid conditions

jer nema užasnih uslova

inside a sports arena or a gymnasium, where people

unutar sportske arene ili teretane, gde su ljudi

are crammed on these cots inside.

sabijeni na krevetićima.

Now we have instant neighborhoods outside.

Sada napolju imamo komšiluke za tren.

So the Exo is designed to be simply, basically

Tako da je Ekso dizajniran da bude jednostavno

like a coffee cup. They can actually stack together

kao šolja kafe. Mogu da se slože zajedno

so we get extremely efficient transportation

tako da dobijemo izuzetno efikasno prenošenje

and storage out of them.

i skladištenje.

In fact, 15 Exos can fit on a single semi truck by itself.

Zapravo, 15 Ekso-a može da stane na jedan kamion sa prikolicom.

This means the Exo can actually be transported and set up

Što znači da se Ekso može prenositi i namestiti

faster than any other housing option available today.

brže od bilo koje druge stambene opcije danas.

But I'm obsessive, so I couldn't just stop there,

Ali ja sam opsesivan i nisam mogao da stanem tu,

so I actually started modifying the bunks where you could

tako da sam počeo modifikovati ležajeve kako bi mogli

actually slide out the bunks and slide in desks or shelving,

izvući ležajeve i gurnuti stolove ili police,

so the same unit can now be used

tako da se ista jedinica sada može koristiti

for an office or storage location.

za kancelariju ili kao mesto za skladištenje.

The doors can actually swap out, so you can actually put on

Vrata se mogu zameniti, tako da možete staviti

a rigid panel with a window unit in it for climate control,

krutu ploču sa prozorskom jedinicom za kontrolu klime,

or a connector module that would allow you to actually

ili konektorski modul koji bi omogućio da

connect multiple units together, which gives you

povežete više jedinica, što vam daje

larger and kind of compartmentalized living spaces,

veći i podeljen životni prostor,

so now this same kit of parts, this same unit

tako da ovaj isti komplet delova, ova ista jedinica

can actually serve as a living room, bedroom or bathroom,

može da posluži kao dnevna soba, spavaća soba ili kupatilo

or an office, a living space and secure storage.

ili kao kancelarija, životni prostor i sigurno skladište.

Sounds like a great idea, but how do you make it real?

Zvuči kao odlična ideja, ali kako je ostvariti?

So the first idea I had, initially, was just

Pa prva ideja koju sam imao, u početku, je bila

to go the federal and state governments and go,

da odem do savezne i državne vlade i da kažem:

"Here, take it, for free."

"Izvolite, uzmite, besplatno je."

But I was quickly told that, "Boy, our government

Ali mi je brzo bilo rečeno: "Čoveče, naša vlada

doesn't really work like that." (Laughter)

baš i ne radi tako." (Smeh)

Okay. Okay. So maybe I would start a nonprofit

Dobro. Dobro. Možda bih osnovao NVO

to kind of help consult and get this idea going

da nekako pomognem u konsultovanju i da se pokrene ova ideja

along with the government, but then I was told,

zajedno sa vladom, ali mi je tada rečeno:

"Son, our government looks to private sector

"Sine, naša vlada se okreće privatnom sektoru

for things like this."

za takve stvari."

Okay. So maybe I would take this whole idea and go

Dobro. Možda bih sa celom idejom otišao

to private corporations that would have this mutually shared

do privatnih korporacija koje bi međusobno delile korist,

benefit to it, but I was quickly told by some corporations

ali sam ubrzo saznao od nekih korporacija

that my personal passion project was not a brand fit

da moj lični strastveni projekat nije za brendiranje

because they didn't want their logos stamped

jer nisu želeli da stavljaju svoj logo

across the ghettos of Haiti.

širom geta na Haitiju.

Now, I wasn't just obsessed. I was outraged. (Laughter.)

E sada nisam bio samo opsednut. Bio sam i besan. (Smeh.)

So I decided, kind of told myself,

Odlučio sam, više rekao sebi:

"Oh yeah? Watch this. I'll do it myself." (Laughter)

"Je l'? Gledajte ovo. Uradiću to sam." (Smeh)

Now, this quickly, my day job sent me to work out of

Ubrzo, moj dnevni posao me je odveo da radim

our Milan office for a few months, so I was like,

u našoj kancelariji u Milanu nekoliko meseci, pa sam bio razmišljao,

what will I do? So I actually scheduled sleep on my calendar,

šta ću radiiti? Tako da sam zacrtao spavanje u mom kalendaru

and spent the 8-hour time difference on conference calls

i proveo osmočasovnu vremensku razliku na konferencijskim pozivima

with material suppliers, manufacturers and potential customers.

sa dostavljačima materijala, proizvođačima i potencijalnim kupcima.

And we found through this whole process, we found

I otkrili smo kroz ovaj celokupan proces,

this great little manufacturer in Virginia,

ovu malu odličnu proizvodnju u Virdžiniji

and if his body language is any indication,

i ako je njegov govor tela bio ikakav pokazatelj,

that's the owner — (Laughter) — of what it's like

to je vlasnik - (Smeh) - kako izgleda

for a manufacturer to work directly with a designer,

da proizvođač radi direktno sa dizajnerom,

you've got to see what happens here. (Laughter)

morate da vidite šta se tu dešava. (Smeh)

But G.S. Industries was fantastic.

Ali ljudi iz G.S. Industrije su bili fantastični.

They actually built three prototypes for us by hand.

Oni su nam ručno sagradili tri prototipa.

So now we have prototypes that can show that four people

Tako da sada imamo prototipe koji mogu pokazati da četvoro ljudi

can actually sleep securely and much more comfortably

može da spava bezbednije i komfornije

than a tent could ever provide.

u poređenju sa onim što šator može da ponudi.

And they actually shipped them here to Texas for us.

Oni su ih i isporučili ovde u Teksas.

Now, a funny thing started happening.

Počelo se dešavati nešto smešno.

Other people started to believe in what we were doing,

Drugi ljudi su počeli da veruju u ono što mi radimo,

and actually offered us hangar space, donated hangar

i ponudili su nam hangarski prostor, donirali hangarski prostor

space to us. And then the Georgetown Airport Authority

A onda se aerodromska služba Džordžtauna

was bent over backwards to help us with anything we needed.

polomila da nam pomogne sa bilo čime što nam je trebalo.

So now we had a hangar space to work in,

Imali smo hangarski prostor gde smo mogli da radimo,

and prototypes to demo with.

i prototipe da radimo sa njima.

So in one year, we've negotiated manufacturing agreements,

I tako godinu dana, pregovarali smo o proizvodnim sporazumima,

been awarded one patent, filed our second patent,

dobili smo jedan patent, predali drugi patent,

talked to multiple people, demoed this to FEMA

pričali sa mnoštvom ljudi, demonstrirali sve to FEMA-i

and its consultants to rave reviews,

i njihovim konsultantima, sa odličnim kritikama,

and then started talking to some other people who requested

a potom smo pričali sa nekim ljudima koji su tražili

information, this little group called the United Nations.

informacije, jednom grupicom zvanom Ujedinjene nacije.

And on top of that, now we have

A kao šlag na tortu, sada imamo

a whole plethora of other individuals that have come up

čitavo obilje drugih pojedinaca koji su se pojavili

and started to talk to us from doing it for mining camps,

i razgovarali sa nama da bi ih koristili za rudarske kampove,

mobile youth hostels, right down to the World Cup

mobilne omladinske hostele, sve do Svetskog prvenstva

and the Olympics.

i Olimpijade.

So, in closing, on this whole thing here

Kao zaključak svega ovoga,

is hopefully very soon we will not have to

nadamo se da ubuduće nećemo morati

respond to these painful phone calls that we get

da se javljamo na strašne telefonske pozive koje dobijamo

after disasters where we don't really have anything

nakon nepogoda kada još u stvari nemamo ništa

to sell or give you yet.

da prodamo ili da damo.

Hopefully very soon we will be there,

Nadam se da ćemo uskoro stići do toga,

because we are destined,

zato što nam je suđeno,

obsessed with making it real.

opsednuti da to ostvarimo.

Thank you. (Applause)

Hvala. (Aplauz)