Michael McDaniel: Cheap, effective shelter for disaster relief

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast

Prevoditelj: Sanda L Recezent: Ivan Stamenković

So, I'm going to start off with kind of the buzzkill a little bit.

Dakle, počet ću od pomalo neugodnog podatka.

Forty-two million people

Četrdeset dva milijuna ljudi

were displaced by natural disasters in 2010.

raseljeno je uslijed prirodnih katastrofa tijekom 2010. godine.

Now, there was nothing particularly special about 2010,

Nema ničeg što se posebno ističe u 2010. godini

because, on average, 31 and a half million people

jer, u prosjeku, 31,5 milijun ljudi

are displaced by natural disasters every single year.

raseli se svake godine uslijed prirodnih katastrofa.

Now, usually when people hear statistics or stats like that,

Uglavnom, kada ljudi čuju takvu statistiku i podatke,

you start thinking about places like Haiti or other kind of

počnete misliti o mjestima poput Haitija ili drugih

exotic or maybe even impoverished areas, but it happens

egzotičnih ili možda čak osiromašenih područja,

right here in the United States every single year.

ali dešava se upravo ovdje u Sjedinjenim Državama svake godine.

Last year alone, 99 federally declared disasters

Samo prošle godine, 99 federalno proglašenih katastrofa

were on file with FEMA,

bilo je na listi FEMA-e,

from Joplin, Missouri, and Tuscaloosa, Alabama,

od Joplina u državi Missouri i Tuscaloosa u Alabami,

to the Central Texas wildfires that just happened recently.

do požara u središnjem Teksasu koji su se desili nedavno.

Now, how does the most powerful country in the world

Kako se najmoćnija zemlja svijeta

handle these displaced people?

snalazi s tim raseljenim ljudima?

They cram them onto cots, put all your personal belongings

Naguraju ih na krevetiće, stave im sve osobne stvari

in a plastic garbage bag, stick it underneath,

u plastične vreće za smeće, zabiju ih ispod

and put you on the floor of an entire sports arena,

i smjeste vas na pod sportske arene

or a gymnasium.

ili školske dvorane.

So obviously there's a massive housing gap,

Očigledno postoji ogromna potreba za smještajem

and this really upset me, because academia tells you

i ovo me jako uzrujalo, jer nam se govori

after a major disaster, there's typically about

da poslije velike nepogode postoji, otprilike,

an 18-month time frame to -- we kinda recover,

vremenski okvir od 18 mjeseci - da se nekako oporavimo,

start the recovery process,

počnemo proces oporavka,

but what most people don't realize is that on average

no, većina ljudi ne shvaća da u prosjeku

it takes 45 to 60 days or more

treba 45 do 60 dana, ili više

for the infamous FEMA trailers to even begin to show up.

da se FEMA-ine prikolice uopće počnu pojavljivati.

Before that time, people are left to their own devices.

Do tog perioda, ljudi su prepušteni sami sebi.

So I became obsessed with trying to figure out a way

Tako da sam postao opsjednut time kako bih smislio način

to actually fill this gap.

da se premosti taj jaz.

This actually became my creative obsession.

Ovo je postala moja kreativna opsesija.

I put aside all my freelance work after hours and started

Stavio sam na stranu svoj honorarni posao i započeo

just focusing particularly on this problem.

fokusirati se samo na ovaj problem.

So I started sketching.

Pa sam počeo skicirati.

Two days after Katrina, I started sketching and sketching

Dva dana nakon Katrine, počeo sam skicirati,

and trying to brainstorm up ideas or solutions for this,

pokušavajući smisliti ideje ili rješenja

and as things started to congeal or ideas started to form,

i kako su se stvari i ideje počele oblikovati,

I started sketching digitally on the computer,

počeo sam digitalno skicirati na računalu,

but it was an obsession, so I couldn't just stop there.

no, bila je to opsesija te nisam mogao samo prestati.

I started experimenting, making models,

Počeo sam eksperimentirati, raditi modele,

talking to experts in the field, taking their feedback,

razgovarati sa stručnjacima, uzimati povratne informacije,

and refining, and I kept on refining and refining

neprestano poboljšavao i prepravljao

for nights and weekends for over five years.

noćima i vikendima više od pet godina.

Now, my obsession ended up driving me to create

Moja opsesija me je natjerala da stvorim

full-size prototypes in my own backyard — (Laughter) —

prototipe u punoj veličini, u svom dvorištu

and actually spending my own personal savings on

te da potrošim svoju ušteđevinu

everything from tooling to patents

na sve, od alata do patenata

and a variety of other costs,

i na razne druge izdatke,

but in the end I ended up with this modular housing system

no, na kraju sam završio ovaj modularni sustav smještaja

that can react to any situation or disaster.

koristan za svaku situaciju ili nepogodu.

It can be put up in any environment,

Može se postaviti u bilo koju sredinu,

from an asphalt parking lot to pastures or fields,

od parkirališta do pašnjaka ili polja,

because it doesn't require any special setup

jer ne zahtijeva neko posebno postavljanje

or specialty tools.

ili poseban alat.

Now, at the foundation and kind of the core

U osnovi i nekako u biti

of this whole system is the Exo Housing Unit,

cijelog ovog sustava je Exo smještajna jedinica,

which is just the individual shelter module.

što je samo pojedinačni modul skloništa.

And though it's light, light enough that you can actually

Iako je lagana, dovoljno lagana

lift it by hand and move it around,

da je ručno podignete i nosite uokolo,

and it actually sleeps four people.

u njoj, zapravo, mogu spavati četiri osobe.

And you can arrange these things as kind of more

Možete ih rasporediti više kao

for encampments and more of a city grid type layout,

u kampovima i više kao u rasporedu tipa gradske mreže,

or you can circle the wagons, essentially,

ili ih možete postaviti u krug

and form these circular pods out of them,

i formirati kružne oblike od njih,

which give you this semi-private communal area

stvarajući polu-privatnu zajedničku zonu

for people to actually spill out into so they're not actually

gdje ljudi mogu izaći tako da

trapped inside these units.

nisu zarobljeni u tim jedinicama.

Now this fundamentally changes

Ovo iz osnove mijenja način

the way we respond to disasters,

na koji reagiramo na nepogode,

because gone are the horrid conditions

jer nema užasnih uvjeta

inside a sports arena or a gymnasium, where people

unutar sportske arene ili dvorane,

are crammed on these cots inside.

gde su ljudi sabijeni na malim krevetima.

Now we have instant neighborhoods outside.

Sada vani u trenu imamo susjedstvo.

So the Exo is designed to be simply, basically

Tako je Exo osmišljen da bude, u osnovi,

like a coffee cup. They can actually stack together

poput šalice za kavu. Mogu se složiti zajedno

so we get extremely efficient transportation

pa su izuzetno učinkovite za transport

and storage out of them.

i skladištenje.

In fact, 15 Exos can fit on a single semi truck by itself.

Zapravo, 15 Exo modula može stati na jedan kamion s prikolicom.

This means the Exo can actually be transported and set up

To znači da se Exo može prevoziti i namjestiti

faster than any other housing option available today.

brže od bilo koje druge danas dostupne smještajne opcije.

But I'm obsessive, so I couldn't just stop there,

No, opsjednut time, nisam mogao stati,

so I actually started modifying the bunks where you could

počeo sam modificirati ležajeve

actually slide out the bunks and slide in desks or shelving,

kako bi se prenamijenili u stolove ili police

so the same unit can now be used

pa se ista jedinica može koristiti

for an office or storage location.

za ured ili skladištenje.

The doors can actually swap out, so you can actually put on

Vrata se mogu zamijeniti, tako da možete unutra staviti

a rigid panel with a window unit in it for climate control,

krutu ploču s prozorom za kontrolu temperature,

or a connector module that would allow you to actually

ili modul kojim biste mogli

connect multiple units together, which gives you

povezati više jedinica, što vam daje

larger and kind of compartmentalized living spaces,

veći i odijeljen životni prostor,

so now this same kit of parts, this same unit

pa vam isti ovaj komplet dijelova

can actually serve as a living room, bedroom or bathroom,

može služiti kao dnevna soba, spavaća soba, kupaonica,

or an office, a living space and secure storage.

ured, prostor za življenje i za sigurnu pohranu stvari.

Sounds like a great idea, but how do you make it real?

Zvuči odlično, ali kako to postići?

So the first idea I had, initially, was just

Prva ideja koju sam imao

bila je otići do savezne i državne vlade i kažem:

to go the federal and state governments and go,

"Here, take it, for free."

"Izvolite, uzmite, besplatno je."

But I was quickly told that, "Boy, our government

Ali odmah su mi rekli, "Dečko,

doesn't really work like that." (Laughter)

naša vlada ne funkcionira tako.

Okay. Okay. So maybe I would start a nonprofit

U redu. U redu. Možda bih osnovao NVO

to kind of help consult and get this idea going

da pomognem u savjetovanju i ostvarenju ideje

along with the government, but then I was told,

zajedno s vladom, no rečeno mi je

"Son, our government looks to private sector

"Naša vlada koristi privatan sektor

for things like this."

za ovakve stvari."

Okay. So maybe I would take this whole idea and go

U redu. Možda bih s cijelom idejom otišao

to private corporations that would have this mutually shared

do privatnih korporacija koje bi međusobno dijelile korist,

benefit to it, but I was quickly told by some corporations

ali sam ubrzo saznao od nekih korporacija

that my personal passion project was not a brand fit

da moj osobni projekt nije za brendiranje,

because they didn't want their logos stamped

jer nisu željeli svoj logo

across the ghettos of Haiti.

širom geta na Haitiju.

Now, I wasn't just obsessed. I was outraged. (Laughter.)

Sada više nisam bio samo opsjednut. Bio sam i bijesan.

So I decided, kind of told myself,

Odlučio sam, više rekao sebi:

"Oh yeah? Watch this. I'll do it myself." (Laughter)

"Stvarno? Samo gledajte. Učinit ću to sam."

Now, this quickly, my day job sent me to work out of

Ubrzo, moj dnevni posao odveo me

our Milan office for a few months, so I was like,

van našeg ureda u Milanu na par mjeseci, pa sam razmišljao,

what will I do? So I actually scheduled sleep on my calendar,

što ću raditi? Tako sam zacrtao spavanje u svom kalendaru

and spent the 8-hour time difference on conference calls

i proveo osmosatnu vremensku razliku na konferencijske pozive

with material suppliers, manufacturers and potential customers.

s dostavljačima materijala, proizvođačima i potencijalnim kupcima.

I kroz ovaj cjelokupan proces,

And we found through this whole process, we found

this great little manufacturer in Virginia,

otkrili smo odličnog malog proizvođača u Virginiji,

and if his body language is any indication,

i ako je njegov govor tijela ikakav pokazatelj,

that's the owner — (Laughter) — of what it's like

to je vlasnik, kako izgleda

kada proizvođač radi izravno s dizajnerom,

for a manufacturer to work directly with a designer,

you've got to see what happens here. (Laughter)

morate vidjeti što se tu događa.

But G.S. Industries was fantastic.

No, G.S. Industries su bili izvrsni.

They actually built three prototypes for us by hand.

Ručno su nam izgradili tri prototipa.

So now we have prototypes that can show that four people

Tako sada imamo prototipe koji pokazuju da četiri osobe

can actually sleep securely and much more comfortably

mogu spavati sigurnije i udobnije

than a tent could ever provide.

nego što bi to ikada mogli u šatoru.

And they actually shipped them here to Texas for us.

Dopremili su nam ih ovdje u Texas.

Now, a funny thing started happening.

I dogodilo se nešto neobično.

Other people started to believe in what we were doing,

I drugi su počeli vjerovati u ono što radimo

and actually offered us hangar space, donated hangar

i ponudili nam, donirali hangarski prostor.

space to us. And then the Georgetown Airport Authority

A zatim je aerodromska služba Georgetowna

was bent over backwards to help us with anything we needed.

uskočila u pomoć oko bilo čega što nam je trebalo.

So now we had a hangar space to work in,

I tako smo imali hangar za rad

and prototypes to demo with.

te prototipe za demonstraciju.

So in one year, we've negotiated manufacturing agreements,

U godini dana, pregovarali smo o proizvodnim sporazumima,

been awarded one patent, filed our second patent,

dobili patent, pokrenuli drugi patent,

talked to multiple people, demoed this to FEMA

razgovarali s mnogo ljudi, demonstrirali sve to FEMA-i

and its consultants to rave reviews,

i njihovim konzultantima s odličnim kritikama

and then started talking to some other people who requested

a onda pričali s nekim ljudima koji su

tražili informacije, grupica imenom Ujedinjeni narodi.

information, this little group called the United Nations.

And on top of that, now we have

Povrh svega, sada imamo

a whole plethora of other individuals that have come up

mnoštvo drugih pojedinaca koji su se pojavili

and started to talk to us from doing it for mining camps,

i razgovarali s nama da bi ih koristili za rudarske kampove,

mobile youth hostels, right down to the World Cup

mobilne hostele, čak i za Svjetsko prvenstvo

and the Olympics.

te Olimpijske igre.

So, in closing, on this whole thing here

Kao zaključak svega ovoga,

is hopefully very soon we will not have to

nadamo se da ubuduće nećemo morati

respond to these painful phone calls that we get

javljati se na bolne telefonske pozive

after disasters where we don't really have anything

nakon nepogoda kada još nemamo ništa

to sell or give you yet.

što bismo već prodali ili dali.

Hopefully very soon we will be there,

Nadam se da ćemo uskoro stići do toga,

because we are destined,

jer smo predodređeni,

obsessed with making it real.

opsjednuti da to ostvarimo.

Thank you. (Applause)

Hvala.

(Pljesak)