Joel Selanikio: The surprising seeds of a big-data revolution in healthcare

Prevodilac: Mile Živković Lektor: Dejan Vicai

Postoji jedna stara šala o policajcu koji šeta u patroli

There's an old joke about a cop

who's walking his beat in the middle of the night,

tokom noći

and he comes across a guy under a street lamp

i susreće lika ispod ulične lampe

koji gleda na zemlju i pomera se levo-desno

who's looking at the ground and moving from side to side,

and the cop asks him what he's doing.

i policajac ga pita šta radi.

The guys says he's looking for his keys.

Čovek kaže da traži svoje ključeve.

So the cop takes his time

Policajac ostaje s njim i odmerava teren,

and looks over and kind of makes a little matrix

obilazi krug i traži neka dva, tri minuta.

and looks for about two, three minutes.

Nema ključeva.

No keys.

The cop says, "Are you sure?

Policajac pita: "Jesi li siguran? Hej, druže,

jesi li siguran da si ode izgubio ključeve?"

Hey buddy, are you sure you lost your keys here?"

And the guy says, "No, actually I lost them

I lik odgovara: "Ne, ne, u stvari izgubio sam ih

down at the other end of the street,

tamo na drugom kraju ulice,

ali je svetlo ovde bolje."

but the light is better here."

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

There's a concept that people talk about nowadays called "big data."

Postoji jedan koncept o kome ljudi danas govore,

"veliki podaci", a ono o čemu govore

And what they're talking about is all of the information

jeste skup podataka koji stvaramo

that we're generating through our interaction

putem naše interakcije sa i preko interneta,

with and over the Internet,

everything from Facebook and Twitter

sve od Fejsbuka i Tvitera

do skidanja muzike, filmova, prenosa i tih stvari,

to music downloads, movies, streaming, all this kind of stuff,

the live streaming of TED.

živi prenos TED govora.

And the folks who work with big data, for them,

Ljudi koji rade sa "velikim podacima"

they talk about that their biggest problem

kažu da je njihov najveći problem to

is we have so much information.

što postoji toliko informacija,

The biggest problem is: how do we organize all that information?

najveći problem je, kako organizovati sve te informacije?

Radeći u sferi globalnog zdravlja, mogu vam reći

I can tell you that, working in global health,

that is not our biggest problem.

da to nije naš najveći problem.

Because for us, even though the light is better on the Internet,

Jer nama, iako je svetlo

bolje na internetu,

the data that would help us solve the problems we're trying to solve

podaci koji bi nam pomogli da rešimo probleme

koje pokušavamo da rešimo, nisu u stvari prisutni na internetu.

is not actually present on the Internet.

So we don't know, for example,

I zato ne znamo, na primer, koliko ljudi

how many people right now are being affected by disasters

se upravo sada suočava sa nekom katastrofom

ili se nalazi u konfliktnoj situaciji.

or by conflict situations.

We don't know for, really, basically, any of the clinics

Ne znamo, u suštini, ni za jednu od klinika

in the developing world,

u svetu u razvoju, koje od njih imaju lekove,

which ones have medicines and which ones don't.

a koje ih nemaju.

We have no idea of what the supply chain is for those clinics.

Nemamo predstavu kakav lanac nabavki imaju te klinike.

Ne znamo - i ovo mi je zaista zapanjujuće -

We don't know -- and this is really amazing to me -- we don't know

ne znamo koliko dece je rođeno

how many children were born -- or how many children there are --

ili koliko dece ima u Boliviji

in Bolivia or Botswana or Bhutan.

ili Bocvani ili u Butanu.

Ne znamo koliko dece je umrlo prošle nedelje

We don't know how many kids died last week

u bilo kojoj od tih država.

in any of those countries.

We don't know the needs of the elderly, the mentally ill.

Ne znamo potrebe starijih, mentalno obolelih.

For all of these different critically important problems

O svim ovim različitim problemima od ključnog značaja

or critically important areas that we want to solve problems in,

ili oblastima ključnog značaja u kojima želimo da rešimo probleme,

mi ne znamo skoro ništa.

we basically know nothing at all.

And part of the reason why we don't know anything at all

Deo razloga zašto ne znamo ništa

is that the information technology systems that we use in global health

jeste to da su sistemi informacionih tehnologija

koje koristimo u globalnom zdravlju za prikupljanje podataka

to find the data to solve these problems is what you see here.

za rešavanje ovih problema ono što vidite ovde.

This is about a 5,000-year-old technology.

Ovo je tehnologija stara 5.000 godina.

Some of you may have used it before.

Neki od vas su je možda već koristili ranije.

It's kind of on its way out now,

Polako je napuštamo, ali se ona i dalje koristi

but we still use it for 99 percent of our stuff.

za 99 odsto stvari koje radimo.

This is a paper form.

Ovo je papirni formular, a ono što vidite

And what you're looking at is a paper form

jeste formular u rukama sestre Ministarstva zdravlja

in the hand of a Ministry of Health nurse in Indonesia,

u Indoneziji koja peške obilazi sela

who is tramping out across the countryside

in Indonesia on, I'm sure, a very hot and humid day,

u Indoneziji po, verujem, veoma toplom i vlažnom danu

and she is going to be knocking on thousands of doors

i ona će kucati na hiljade vrata

over a period of weeks or months,

tokom nedelja i meseci,

kucaće na vrata i govoriti: "Izvinite,

knocking on the doors and saying,

"Excuse me, we'd like to ask you some questions.

voleli bismo da vam postavimo neka pitanja.

Do you have any children? Were your children vaccinated?"

Imate li dece? Da li su vaša deca vakcinisana?"

Because the only way we can actually find out

Zato što je jedini način na koji možemo da saznamo

how many children were vaccinated in the country of Indonesia,

koliko dece je vakcinisano u Indoneziji,

koji procenat je vakcinisan, u stvari nije

what percentage were vaccinated,

is actually not on the Internet, but by going out and knocking on doors,

internet, nego obilaženje i kucanje na vrata,

ponekad na desetine hiljada vrata.

sometimes tens of thousands of doors.

Sometimes it takes months to even years to do something like this.

Ponekad su potrebni meseci pa čak i godine

da bi se ovako nešto uradilo.

You know, a census of Indonesia

Znate, popis u Indoneziji

would probably take two years to accomplish.

bi najverovatnije trajao dve godine.

And the problem, of course, with all of this

Problem sa svime ovime je, naravno,

is that, with all those paper forms --

da sa svim tim papirnim formularima - i kažem vam

and I'm telling you, we have paper forms for every possible thing:

imamo formulare za svaku moguću stvar.

We have paper forms for vaccination surveys.

Imamo upitnike za vakcinaciju.

We have paper forms to track people who come into clinics.

Imamo formulare za praćenje ljudi koji posete klinike.

We have paper forms to track drug supplies, blood supplies --

Imamo formulare za praćenje snabdevanja lekovima,

krvlju, a sve ovo su različiti formulari

all these different paper forms for many different topics,

za mnogo različitih oblasti

they all have a single, common endpoint,

i svi oni završavaju na istom mestu,

and the common endpoint looks something like this.

a to mesto izgleda otprilike ovako.

And what we're looking at here is a truckful of data.

Ono što vidimo ovde je kombi pun podataka.

Ovo su upitnici sa jednog ispitivanja dometa vakcinacije

This is the data from a single vaccination coverage survey

in a single district in the country of Zambia

u jednom jedinom okrugu u Zambiji

from a few years ago, that I participated in.

od pre nekoliko godina gde sam i ja učestvovao.

The only thing anyone was trying to find out

Jedina stvar koju je neko pokušavao da otkrije

is what percentage of Zambian children are vaccinated,

jeste koji procenat dece u Zambiji je vakcinisan

and this is the data, collected on paper over weeks,

i ovo su podaci skupljeni na papiru tokom nedelja

from a single district,

iz jednog jedinog okruga, što je nešto poput rejona

which is something like a county in the United States.

u SAD.

You can imagine that, for the entire country of Zambia,

Možete da zamislite, da bi odgovori čitave Zambije

answering just that single question ...

na samo to jedno pitanje

looks something like this.

izgledali nekako ovako.

Kamioni i kamioni

Truck after truck after truck,

ispunjeni gomilama podataka.

filled with stack after stack after stack of data.

And what makes it even worse is that's just the beginning.

Ono što ovo čini još gorim

jeste da je ovo tek početak,

Because once you've collected all that data,

jer kad jednom skupite sve te podatke,

of course, someone -- some unfortunate person --

naravno, neko će morati -

neka nesrećna osoba će morati da unese sve to u računar.

is going to have to type that into a computer.

When I was a graduate student,

Tokom postdiplomskih studija, ja sam u stvari

I actually was that unfortunate person sometimes.

ponekad bio ta nesrećna osoba.

I can tell you, I often wasn't really paying attention.

Mogu vam reći da često nisam zaista obraćao pažnju.

I probably made a lot of mistakes when I did it

I verovatno sam u procesu načinio mnog grešaka

that no one ever discovered, so data quality goes down.

koje niko nikada nije otkrio i s time se kvalitet podataka smanjuje.

But eventually that data, hopefully, gets typed into a computer,

Ali se na kraju, idealno, ti podaci unose u računar

and someone can begin to analyze it,

i neko započinje analizu

and once they have an analysis and a report,

i kada su analiza i izveštaj gotovi

nadamo se da možemo da te podatke

hopefully, then you can take the results of that data collection

and use it to vaccinate children better.

iskoristimo da unapredimo vakcinaciju dece.

Because if there's anything worse in the field of global public health --

Jer ako je nešto gore

u sferi globalnog javnog zdravlja,

I don't know what's worse than allowing children on this planet

ne znam šta bi bilo gore, nego dozvoliti da deca na ovoj planeti

to die of vaccine-preventable diseases --

umru od bolesti koje se mogu sprečiti vakcinacijom,

diseases for which the vaccine costs a dollar.

bolesti za koje vakcina košta jedan dolar.

And millions of children die of these diseases every year.

A milioni dece umiru od ovih bolesti svake godine.

Činjenica je da su ti milioni gruba procena,

And the fact is, millions is a gross estimate,

because we don't really know how many kids die each year of this.

jer ne znamo zaista koliko dece umire zbog ovoga svake godine.

What makes it even more frustrating is that the data-entry part,

Ono što je još više frustrirajuće jeste

što deo unosa podataka, deo koji sam ja radio kao diplomac,

the part that I used to do as a grad student,

može ponekad da traje šest meseci.

can take sometimes six months.

Sometimes it can take two years to type that information into a computer,

Ponekad unos informacija u računar

traje dve godine i, ponekad, ne retko, u stvari,

And sometimes, actually not infrequently,

it actually never happens.

on se ni ne desi.

Now try and wrap your head around that for a second.

Pokušajte da sagledate to sada.

You just had teams of hundreds of people.

Timovi od stotina ljudi

They went out into the field to answer a particular question.

su izašli na teren da bi pronašli odgovor na jedno pitanje.

Potrošili ste najverovatnije stotine hiljada dolara

You probably spent hundreds of thousands of dollars

on fuel and photocopying and per diem.

na benzin i fotokopije dnevno

i onda iz nekog razloga trenutak je prošao

And then for some reason, momentum is lost

or there's no money left,

ili nema više novca

and all of that comes to nothing,

i sve to se svodi na ništa,

because no one actually types it into the computer at all.

jer niko u stvari neće uneti te podatke u računar.

The process just stops.

I proces naprosto stane. To se stalno dešava.

Happens all the time.

This is what we base our decisions on in global health:

Ovo je ono na čemu baziramo odluke u globalnom zdravlju:

little data, old data, no data.

na malo podataka, starim podacima ili nikakvim podacima.

So back in 1995,

1995. počeo sam da razmišljam o načinima

I began to think about ways in which we could improve this process.

na koje bismo mogli da poboljšamo ovaj proces.

Now 1995 -- obviously, that was quite a long time ago.

1995. je očigledno bila davno.

It kind of frightens me to think of how long ago that was.

Pomalo me plaši da pomislim koliko davno.

Film godine je bio

The top movie of the year was "Die Hard with a Vengeance."

"Umri muški sa osvetom".

Kao što vidite, Brus Vilis je tada imao mnogo više kose.

As you can see, Bruce Willis had a lot more hair back then.

I was working in the Centers for Disease Control

Radio sam u Centrima za kontrolu bolesti

and I had a lot more hair back then as well.

i takođe sam tada imao mnogo više kose.

But to me, the most significant thing that I saw in 1995

Za mene, najbitnija stvar koju sam video 1995.

was this.

je bila ovo.

Pomalo je teško zamisliti, ali 1995.

Hard for us to imagine, but in 1995,

this was the ultimate elite mobile device.

ovo je bio vrhunski elitni mobilni uređaj.

It wasn't an iPhone. It wasn't a Galaxy phone.

Nije bio Ajfon. Nije bio Galaksi.

It was a PalmPilot.

Bio je to Palm Pajlot.

And when I saw the PalmPilot for the first time, I thought,

Kada sam video Palm Pajlot po prvi put, pomislio sam,

"Why can't we put the forms on these PalmPilots?

zašto ne možemo da stavimo formulare na ove uređaje

And go out into the field just carrying one PalmPilot,

i izađemo na teren noseći samo njih

i oni imaju kapacitet desetina hiljada papirnih formulara?

which can hold the capacity of tens of thousands of paper forms?

Zašto ne pokušamo da uradimo to?

Why don't we try to do that?

Because if we can do that,

Jer ako možemo da uradimo to, ako možemo

if we can actually just collect the data electronically, digitally,

da podatke prikupimo elektronski, digitalno

from the very beginning,

od samog početka

we can just put a shortcut right through that whole process

to bi bila prečica kroz čitav proces

of typing, of having somebody type that stuff into the computer.

kucanja

zapošljavanja nekog da ukucava te stvari u računar.

We can skip straight to the analysis

Možemo odmah da krenemo sa analizom

and then straight to the use of the data to actually save lives."

i onda na upotrebu podataka kako bismo u stvari spasili živote.

So that's what I began to do.

To je ono što sam ja i počeo da radim.

Working at CDC, I began to travel to different programs around the world

Radeći u Centrima, počeo sam da putujem

širom sveta i obučavam ljude da koriste Palm Pajlote

and to train them in using PalmPilots to do data collection,

za prikupljanje podataka umesto papira.

instead of using paper.

And it actually worked great.

I to je u stvari fenomenalno radilo.

It worked exactly as well as anybody would have predicted.

Radilo je upravo onako kako bi bilo ko predvideo.

Ko bi rekao? Digitalno prikupljanje podataka

What do you know?

Digital data collection is actually more efficient than collecting on paper.

je u stvari efikasnije od prikupljanja na papiru.

Dok sam to radio, moj poslovni partner, Rouz,

While I was doing it, my business partner,

koja je tu sa mužem, Metjuom, u publici,

Rose, who's here with her husband, Matthew, here in the audience,

Rouz je radila sličnu stvar za američki Crveni krst.

Rose was out doing similar stuff for the American Red Cross.

Problem nakon nekoliko godina je bio

The problem was, after a few years of doing that,

što sam uvideo da sam - bio sam na možda

I realized -- I had been to maybe six or seven programs --

šest ili sedam programa i mislio sam

and I thought, you know, if I keep this up at this pace,

ako nastavim ovim tempom

over my whole career,

tokom moje čitave karijere, otići ću

maybe I'm going to go to maybe 20 or 30 programs.

na možda 20 ili 30 programa.

But the problem is, 20 or 30 programs,

Problem je što je 20 ili 30 programa,

like, training 20 or 30 programs to use this technology,

obuka na 20 ili 30 programa za korišćenje ove tehnologije

that is a tiny drop in the bucket.

mala kap u okeanu.

Potražnja, potreba za boljim programima

The demand for this, the need for data to run better programs

just within health -- not to mention all of the other fields

samo unutar zdravlja, da ne spominjem sve ostale oblasti

in developing countries -- is enormous.

u zemljama u razvoju, je ogromna.

There are millions and millions and millions of programs,

Postoje milioni i milioni programa,

millions of clinics that need to track drugs,

milioni klinika kojima je potrebno da pronađu lekove,

millions of vaccine programs.

milioni programa vakcinacije.

There are schools that need to track attendance.

Školama je potrebno da prate prisustvo.

Sve ove razne stvari

There are all these different things for us to get the data that we need to do.

su nam potrebne da prikupimo podatke.

I shvatio sam, da ako nastavim onako kako sam radio,

And I realized if I kept up the way that I was doing,

I was basically hardly going to make any impact

neću ostvariti skoro nikakav uticaj

do kraja moje karijere.

by the end of my career.

And so I began to rack my brain,

Počeo sam da razbijam glavu

trying to think about, what was the process that I was doing?

pokušavajući da shvatim

koji je bio proces kojim sam prolazio,

How was I training folks,

kako sam obučavao ljude i gde su uska grla

and what were the bottlenecks and what were the obstacles

i šta su prepreke da bi sve išlo brže

to doing it faster and to doing it more efficiently?

i da bi bilo efikasnije?

And, unfortunately, after thinking about this for some time,

Nesrećom, nakon što sam razmišljao o ovome neko vreme

I identified the main obstacle.

ustanovio sam glavnu prepreku.

And the main obstacle, it turned out --

I glavna prepreka, kako se ispostavilo,

and this is a sad realization --

i ovo je tužno uviđanje,

glavna prepreka sam bio ja.

the main obstacle was me.

So what do I mean by that?

Šta mislim pod tim?

I had developed a process

Razvio sam proces u kome

whereby I was the center of the universe of this technology.

sam ja bio centar univerzuma ove tehnologije.

Ako ste želeli da koristite ovu tehnologiju,

If you wanted to use this technology, you had to get in touch with me.

morali ste mene da kontaktirate.

That means you had to know I existed.

To znači da ste morali da znate da ja postojim.

Then you had to find the money to pay for me to fly out to your country

Onda ste morali da skupite novac kako biste mi platili

and the money to pay for my hotel and my per diem and my daily rate.

let do vaše države i novac za hotel

i moje dnevne troškove i dnevnice.

So you could be talking about 10- or 20- or 30,000 dollars,

To je moglo biti oko 10 ili 20 ili 30 hiljada dolara

if I actually had the time or it fit my schedule

ako sam imao vremena u rasporedu

and I wasn't on vacation.

ili nisam bio na odmoru.

The point is that anything,

Poenta je da bilo šta, bilo koji sistem koji zavisi

any system that depends on a single human being

od jednog jedinog čoveka ili dva ili tri ili petoro ljudi

or two or three or five human beings --

it just doesn't scale.

ne može da se proširi.

And this is a problem for which we need to scale this technology,

A ovo je problem za koji nam je potrebno proširenje

ove tehnologije i moramo da je proširimo sada.

and we need to scale it now.

And so I began to think of ways in which I could basically

Počeo sam da razmišljam o načinima na koje bih

mogao sebe da izdvojim iz slike.

take myself out of the picture.

Znate, mislio sam

And, you know, I was thinking,

"How could I take myself out of the picture?"

kako bih mogao sebe da izdvojim

for quite some time.

poprilično dugo.

I'd been trained that the way you distribute technology

Znate, bio sam naučen da je način

distribuiranja tehnologije u internacionalnom razvoju

within international development

is always consultant-based.

uvek zasnovan na konsultantima.

It's always guys that look pretty much like me,

To su uvek momci koji izgledaju kao ja

flying from countries that look pretty much like this

i lete od država koje izgledaju ovako

to other countries with people with darker skin.

do drugih država sa ljudima tamnije kože.

And you go out there, and you spend money on airfare

I vi idete tamo i trošite novac na letove

and you spend time and you spend per diem

i trošite vreme i imate dnevne troškove

and you spend for a hotel and all that stuff.

i trošite na hotel i trošite sve te stvari.

As far as I knew, that was the only way you could distribute technology,

Koliko sam ja znao, to je bio jedini način

za distribuiranje tehnologije i nisam mogao da pronađem zaobilaznicu.

and I couldn't figure out a way around it.

But the miracle that happened --

Ali se onda desilo čudo,

I'm going to call it Hotmail for short.

zvaću ga Hotmejl skraćeno.

You may not think of Hotmail as being miraculous,

Možda ne mislite da je Hotmejl čudesan,

but for me it was miraculous,

ali za mene je bio, jer sam primetio

because I noticed, just as I was wrestling with this problem --

dok sam se borio s ovim problemom,

I was working in sub-Saharan Africa, mostly, at the time --

radio sam u delu Afrike južno od Sahare.

I noticed that every sub-Saharan African health worker

Primetio sam da svaki radnik južno od Sahare

that I was working with had a Hotmail account.

sa kojim sam radio ima nalog na Hotmejlu.

I pomislio sam, shvatio sam,

And it struck me, "Wait a minute --

čekaj samo malo, znam da ljudi iz Hotmejla

I know the Hotmail people surely didn't fly to the Ministry of Health in Kenya

sigurno nisu doleteli do Ministartstva zdravlja u Keniji

to train people in how to use Hotmail.

da obuče ljude kako da koriste Hotmejl.

So these guys are distributing technology, getting software capacity out there,

Ovi ljudi dakle distribuiraju tehnologiju.

Dopremaju softver,

but they're not actually flying around the world.

ali ne lete širom sveta.

Moram da porazmislim o ovome.

I need to think about this more."

While I was thinking about it,

Dok sam razmišljao o tome, ljudi su počeli da koriste

people started using even more things like this, just as we were.

još stvari nalik ovoj, baš kao i mi.

They started using LinkedIn and Flickr and Gmail and Google Maps --

Počeli su da koriste Linkedin i Flikr

i Džimejl i Gugl mape, sve ove stvari.

all these things.

Of course, all of these things are cloud based

Naravno, sve ove stvari su zasnovane na "oblaku"

and don't require any training.

i ne zahtevaju obuku.

They don't require any programmers.

Ne zahtevaju programere.

They don't require consultants.

Ne zahtevaju konsultante,

Because the business model for all these businesses

jer poslovni model svih ovih kompanija

requires that something be so simple we can use it ourselves,

zahteva da stvari budu toliko jednostavne da možemo sami da ih koristimo

with little or no training.

sa malo ili bez obuke.

You just have to hear about it and go to the website.

Samo morate da čujete za njih i odete na njihov sajt.

And so I thought, what would happen if we built software

Pomislio sam, šta bi se desilo da napravimo softver

to do what I'd been consulting in?

koji će raditi ono za šta sam ja bio konsultant?

Instead of training people how to put forms onto mobile devices,

Umesto da obučavamo ljude

kako da postave formulare na mobilne uređaje,

let's create software that lets them do it themselves with no training

hajde da stvorimo softver koji im dozvoljava da to rade sami

and without me being involved.

bez obuke i bez mog uplitanja?

And that's exactly what we did.

I to je upravo ono što smo uradili.

So we created software called Magpi, which has an online form creator.

Stvorili smo softver Megpaj (Magpi)

koji služi za pravljenje onlajn formulara.

No one has to speak to me,

Niko ne mora da priča sa mnom.

you just have to hear about it and go to the website.

Morate samo da čujete za njega i odete na sajt.

You can create forms, and once you've created the forms,

Možete da pravite formulare i kada ste ih napravili

you push them to a variety of common mobile phones.

prosledite ih na razne uobičajene telefone.

Obviously, nowadays, we've moved past PalmPilots to mobile phones.

Danas smo očigledno otišli dalje od Palm Pajlota

na mobilne telefone.

And it doesn't have to be a smartphone, it can be a basic phone,

To ne mora biti "pametni" telefon.

To može biti najobičniji telefon, ovaj s desne strane,

like the phone on the right, the basic Symbian phone

znate, osnovni Simbijan telefon

that's very common in developing countries.

koji je veoma uobičajen u zemljama u razvoju.

And the great part about this is it's just like Hotmail.

Odlična strana ovoga je što je baš kao Hotmejl.

It's cloud based,

Zasnovan je na oblaku i ne zahteva nikakvu obuku,

and it doesn't require any training, programming, consultants.

programiranje, konsultante.

But there are some additional benefits as well.

Ali ima i dodatnih prednosti.

Kada smo gradili ovaj sistem, znali smo

Now we knew when we built this system,

zašto to radimo, baš kao i sa Palm Pajlotima,

the whole point of it, just like with the PalmPilots,

was that you'd be able to collect the data

to je bilo kako biste morali, mogli

da sakupljate podatke i odmah ih postavite i dobijete skup podataka.

and immediately upload the data and get your data set.

Ali ono što smo otkrili je, naravno, pošto je već na računaru,

But what we found, of course, since it's already on a computer,

da možemo da oformimo trenutačne mape i analizu i grafove.

we can deliver instant maps and analysis and graphing.

We can take a process that took two years

Proces od dve godine

and compress that down to the space of five minutes.

možemo da sabijemo u nekoliko minuta.

Neverovatan napredak u efikasnosti.

Unbelievable improvements in efficiency.

Cloud based, no training, no consultants, no me.

Zasnovan na oblaku, bez obuke, bez konsultanata, bez mene.

And I told you that in the first few years

Rekao sam vam da je u prvih nekoliko godina

of trying to do this the old-fashioned way,

pokušaja da se ovo uradi na tradicionalan način,

going out to each country,

odlaženjem u svaku državu

we probably trained about 1,000 people.

domet bio oko, ne znam,

verovatno smo obučili oko 1.000 ljudi.

What happened after we did this?

Šta se desilo nakon što smo uradili ovo?

In the second three years,

U sledeće tri godine, 14.000 ljudi

we had 14,000 people find the website,

je pronašlo vebsajt, prijavilo se i počelo da ga koristi za skupljanje podataka,

sign up and start using it to collect data:

data for disaster response,

podataka za katastrofe,

Canadian pig farmers tracking pig disease and pig herds,

kanadski stočari su ga koristili za praćenje oboljevanja i odumiranja krda,

people tracking drug supplies.

ljudi su pratili nabavku lekova.

One of my favorite examples, the IRC, International Rescue Committee,

Jedan od mojih omiljenih primera, MSS,

Međunarodna služba za spasavanje

they have a program where semi-literate midwives,

ima program u kome polu-pismene babice

using $10 mobile phones,

koristeći telefone od deset dolara

send a text message using our software, once a week,

šalju poruke, putem našeg softvera,

jednom nedeljno o broju rađanja

with the number of births and the number of deaths,

i smrti, koji službi daje

which gives IRC something that no one in global health has ever had:

nešto što niko u globalnom zdravlju do sada nije imao:

a near-real-time system of counting babies,

sistem za brojanje novorođenčadi skoro u stvarnom vremenu,

of knowing how many kids are born,

informaciju o tome koliko dece je rođeno,

of knowing how many children there are in Sierra Leone,

koliko dece postoji

u Sijera Leoneu, koja je država u kojoj se ovo dešava

which is the country where this is happening,

and knowing how many children die.

i informaciju o tome koliko dece umire.

Physicians for Human Rights --

Lekari za ljudska prava -

this is moving a little bit outside the health field --

ovo je malo van polja zdravstva -

they're basically training people to do rape exams in Congo,

skupljaju se, u suštini obučavaju ljude

da rade na slučajevima silovanja u Kongu, gde je ovo postala epidemija,

where this is an epidemic,

a horrible epidemic,

užasna epidemija,

and they're using our software to document the evidence they find,

i koriste naš softver da zabeleže

dokaze koje pronađu, uključujući fotografije,

including photographically,

so that they can bring the perpetrators to justice.

tako da mogu da privedu zločince pravdi.

Camfed, another charity based out of the UK --

Kamfed, još jedna dobrotvorna organizacija iz Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva,

Camfed pays girls' families to keep them in school.

Kamfed plaća porodicama devojčica kako bi one ostale u školi.

They understand this is the most significant intervention they can make.

Oni razumeju da je ovo najbitnija intervencija

koju mogu da učine. Pre su pratili premeštanja,

They used to track the disbursements, the attendance, the grades, on paper.

prisustvo, ocene, i to na papiru.

The turnaround time between a teacher writing down grades or attendance

Vreme obrta između nastavnika

koji zapisuje ocene ili prisustvo

and getting that into a report was about two to three years.

do stavljanja toga u izveštaj bilo je od dve do tri godine.

Now it's real time.

Sada je to u realnom vremenu, i zbog toga što je ovo tako

And because this is such a low-cost system and based in the cloud,

jeftin sistem i zasnovan na oblaku, on košta

it costs, for the entire five countries that Camfed runs this in,

za svih pet zemalja gde Kamfed ovo vodi,

sa desetinama hiljada devojaka,

with tens of thousands of girls,

ukupan trošak je 10 000 dolara godišnje.

the whole cost combined is 10,000 dollars a year.

That's less than I used to get

To je manje od onoga što bih ja dobio

da samo otputujem na dve nedelje da uradim konsultaciju.

just traveling out for two weeks to do a consultation.

So I told you before that when we were doing it the old-fashioned way,

Pre toga sam vam rekao

da kada smo ovo radili na starinski način, shvatio sam

I realized all of our work was really adding up to just a drop in the bucket --

da je sav naš rad samo dodavao na kap u moru -

10, 20, 30 different programs.

10, 20, 30 različitih programa.

Napravili smo dosta napretka, ali shvatam da sada,

We've made a lot of progress,

but I recognize that right now,

čak i posao koji smo uradili

even the work that we've done with 14,000 people using this

kada 14 000 ljudi ovo koristi,

is still a drop in the bucket.

to je još uvek kap u moru. Ali nešto se promenilo.

But something's changed, and I think it should be obvious.

Mislim da to treba da bude očigledno.

What's changed now is,

Promenjeno je to da,

instead of having a program in which we're scaling at such a slow rate

umesto da imamo program gde se raste tako malim koracima,

that we can never reach all the people who need us,

da nikada ne možemo da dođemo do svih ljudi kojima smo potrebni,

we've made it unnecessary for people to get reached by us.

učinili smo da nije potrebno da mi dopremo do ljudi.

We've created a tool that lets programs keep kids in school,

Napravili smo alat koji programima dozvoljava

da decu drže u školama, da prate broj beba

track the number of babies that are born and the number of babies that die,

koje su rođene i onih koje umru,

catch criminals and successfully prosecute them --

da hvataju kriminalce i uspešno ih gone,

to do all these different things to learn more about what's going on,

da rade sve ove različite stvari kako bi naučili više

o tome šta se dešava, da razumeju više, da vide više,

to understand more,

to see more ...

and to save lives and improve lives.

i da sačuvaju i poboljšaju živote.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)