Your fingerprints reveal more than you think | Simona Francese

Prevodilac: Dragana Savanovic Lektor: Ivana Krivokuća

Do you ever stop and think, during a romantic dinner,

Da li ikada pomislite tokom romantične večere:

"I've just left my fingerprints all over my wine glass."

„Upravo sam ostavio otiske prstiju po celoj čaši vina.“

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Or do you ever worry, when you visit a friend,

Ili da li se ikada brinete, dok ste u poseti prijatelju,

about leaving a little piece of you behind on every surface that you touch?

što ostavljate mali deo sebe na svakoj površini koju dodirnete?

And even this evening,

Čak i večeras,

have you paid any attention to sit without touching anything?

jeste li obratili pažnju da sednete ne dodirujući ništa?

Well, you're not alone.

E, pa niste jedini.

Thankfully, criminals underestimate the power of fingerprints, too.

Srećom, kriminalci takođe podcenjuju moć otisaka prstiju.

And I'm not just talking about the twisted parting of lines

Ne govorim samo o kružnom rasporedu linija

that make our fingerprint unique.

koje naš otisak čine jedinstvenim.

I'm talking about an entire world of information

Govorim o čitavom svetu informacija

hiding in a small, often invisible thing.

koji se krije u maloj, često nevidljivoj pojedinosti.

In fact, fingerprints are made up of molecules

Zapravo, otisci prstiju su sačinjeni od molekula

that belong to three classes:

koji spadaju u tri grupe:

sweat molecules that we all produce in very different amounts ...

molekuli znoja koje svi proizvodimo u veoma različitim količinama...

molecules that we introduce into our body and then we sweat out

molekuli koje unosimo u telo a zatim izbacujemo znojenjem

and molecules that we may contaminate our fingertips with

i molekuli kojima možemo kontaminirati vrhove prstiju

when we come across substances like blood, paint, grease,

kada naiđemo na supstance kao što su krv, boja, mast,

but also invisible substances.

ali i nevidljive supstance.

And molecules are the storytellers of who we are

Molekuli pripovedaju priču o tome ko smo mi

and what we've been up to.

i šta smo radili.

We just need to have the right technology to make them talk.

Samo treba da imamo pravu tehnologiju da nam to i otkriju.

So let me take you on a journey of unthinkable capabilities.

Povešću vas na putovanje nezamislivih mogućnosti.

Katie has been raped

Kejti je silovana

and her lifeless body has been found in the woods three days later,

i njeno beživotno telo je pronađeno u šumi

tri dana nakon njenog nestanka.

after her disappearance.

The police is targeting three suspects,

Policija sumnja na tri osobe,

having narrowed down the search from over 20 men

nakon što su suzili potragu sa preko 20 muškaraca

who had been seen in that area on the same day.

koji su viđeni u toj oblasti istog dana.

The only piece of evidence

Jedini dokaz

is two very faint, overlapping fingerprints

su dva vrlo bleda otiska koji se preklapaju

on the tape that was found wrapped around Katie's neck.

na traci koja je nađena obmotana oko Kejtinog vrata.

Often, faint and overlapping fingerprints cannot help the police

Otisci koji su bledi i preklapaju se često ne mogu pomoći policiji

to make an identification.

da identifikuje počinioca.

And until recently, this might have been the end of the road,

I do skoro, to bi bio kraj puta,

but this is where we can make the difference.

ali ovde možemo promeniti stvari.

The tape is sent to our labs,

Traka je poslata u našu laboratoriju,

where we're asked to use our cutting-edge technology

gde smo koristili najnoviju tehnologiju

to help with the investigation.

da pomognemo u istrazi.

And here, we use an existing form

Ovde koristimo postojeći oblik

of mass spectrometry imaging technology

tehnologije oslikavanja masene spektrometrije

that we have further developed and adapted

koju smo razvili i prilagodili

specifically for the molecular and imaging analysis of fingerprints.

posebno za molekularnu i vizuelnu analizu otisaka.

In essence, we fire a UV laser at the print,

U suštini, ispaljujemo UV laser na otisak

and we cause the desorption of the molecules from the print,

i izazivamo desorpciju molekula iz otiska,

ready to be captured by the mass spectrometer.

kako bi ih zahvatili masenim spektrometrom.

Mass spectrometry measures the weight of the molecules --

Masena spektrometrija meri težinu molekula -

or as we say, the mass --

ili kako bismo rekli, masu -

and those numbers that you see there, they indicate that mass.

i brojke koje ovde vidite označavaju tu masu.

But more crucially,

Što je najvažnije,

they indicate who those molecules are --

one označavaju šta su ti molekuli -

whether I'm seeing paracetamol

bilo da vidimo paracetamol

or something more sinister, forensically speaking.

ili nešto zlokobnije, u forenzičkom smislu.

We applied this technology to the evidence that we have

Primenili smo ovu tehnologiju na dokaze koje imamo

and we found the presence of condom lubricants.

i pronašli smo prisustvo lubrikanata kondoma.

In fact, we've developed protocols that enable us to even suggest

U stvari, razvili smo protokole koji čak omogućuju da utvrdimo

what brand of condom might have been used.

koji brend kondoma je možda korišćen.

So we pass this information to the police,

Prosledili smo ove informacije policiji,

who, meanwhile, have obtained a search warrant

koja je, u međuvremenu, nabavila nalog za pretres

and they found the same brand of condom in Dalton's premises.

i našla isti brend kondoma u Daltonovom stanu.

And with Dalton and Thomson also having records for sexual assaults,

Kako Dalton i Tomson imaju i dosije zbog seksualnih prestupa,

then it is Chapman that may become the less likely suspect.

Čapman bi mogao da postane manje sumnjiv.

But is this information enough to make an arrest?

Ali da li je ova informacija dovoljna za hapšenje?

Of course not,

Naravno da nije,

and we are asked to delve deeper with our investigation.

pa su nas zamolili da kopamo dublje u istrazi.

So we found out, also, the presence of other two very interesting molecules.

Tako smo takođe otkrili prisustvo druga dva vrlo zanimljiva molekula.

One is an antidepressant,

Jedan je antidepresiv,

and one is a very special molecule.

a drugi veoma poseban molekul.

It only forms in your body

U našem telu se stvara

if you drink alcohol and consume cocaine at the same time.

samo ako pijemo alkohol i uzimamo kokain u isto vreme.

And alcohol is known to potentiate the effects of cocaine,

Poznato je da alkohol pojačava dejstvo kokaina,

so here, we now have a hint on the state of mind

pa sada imamo nagoveštaj u kakvom stanju uma

of the individual whilst perpetrating the crime.

se nalazila osoba tokom izvršenja zločina.

We passed this information to the police,

Prosledili smo ove informacije policiji,

and they found out that, actually, Thomson is a drug addict,

i oni su otkrili da je Tomson, u stvari, zavisnik od droge,

and he also has a medical record for psychotic episodes,

i da ima zdravstveni karton zbog psihotičnih epizoda,

for which presumably the antidepressant was prescribed.

za koje mu je verovatno prepisan antidepresiv.

So now Thomson becomes the more likely suspect.

Sada Tomson postaje sumnjiviji.

But the reality is that I still don't know where these molecules are coming from,

Ali činjenica je da ja i dalje ne znam odakle ovi molekuli dolaze,

from which fingerprint,

sa kog otiska,

and who those two fingerprints belong to.

i kome ti otisci pripadaju.

Fear not.

Bez brige.

Mass spectrometry imaging can help us further.

Oslikavanje masenom spektrometrijom nam može dodatno pomoći.

In fact, the technology is so powerful

U stvari, ova tehnologija je toliko moćna

that we can see where these molecules are on a fingerprint.

da možemo videti gde se ovi molekuli nalaze na otisku.

Like you see in this video,

Kao što vidite u ovom videu,

every single one of those peaks corresponds to a mass,

svaka od ovih izbočina odgovara nekoj masi,

every mass to a molecule,

svaka masa molekulu,

and we can interrogate the software, by selecting each of those molecules,

pa možemo proveriti softver, selektujući svaki od tih molekula,

as to where they are present on a fingermark.

kako bismo utvrdili gde se nalaze na otisku.

And some images are not very revealing,

Neke slike ne otkrivaju previše,

some are better,

neke su bolje,

some are really good.

a neke veoma dobre.

And we can create multiple images of the same mark --

Možemo napraviti i više slika istog otiska -

in theory, hundreds of images of the same fingerprint --

teorijski, stotine slika istog otiska prsta -

for as many of the molecules that we have detected.

za svaki od molekula koji smo otkrili.

So step one ...

Prvi korak...

for overlapping fingerprints, chances are,

preklapajući otisci, najverovatnije,

especially if they come from different individuals,

pogotovo ako potiču od različitih osoba,

that the molecular composition is not identical,

nemaju isti molekularni sastav,

so let's ask the software to visualize those unique molecules

pa ćemo tražiti od softvera da vizualizuje te jedinstvene molekule

just present in one fingermark and not in the other one.

prisutne u jednom otisku, ali ne i u drugom.

By doing so,

Čineći ovo,

that's how we can separate the two ridge patterns.

možemo razdvojiti dva šablona brazda.

And this is really important

Ovo je zaista važno

because the police now are able to identify one of the two fingerprints,

jer policija sada može identifikovati jedan od dva otiska,

which actually corresponds to Katie.

koji, u stvari, pripada Kejti.

And they've been able to say so

To mogu učiniti

because they've compared the two separate images

jer su uporedili dve zasebne slike

with one taken posthumously from Katie.

sa jednom uzetom posthumno od Kejti.

So now, we can concentrate on one fingerprint only --

Sada se možemo koncentrisati na samo jedan otisak -

that of the killer's.

ubicin.

So then, step two ...

Zatim, drugi korak...

where are these three molecules that I've seen?

gde se nalaze ova tri molekula koja sam videla?

Well, let's interrogate the software -- show me where they are.

Pa, hajde da proverimo softver - pokaži mi gde se nalaze.

And by doing this,

Čineći ovo,

only portions of the image of the killer's fingerprint show up.

samo delovi slike ubicinih otisaka se pojave.

In other words,

Drugim rečima,

those substances are only present in the killer's print.

te supstance su prisutne samo u ubicinom otisku.

So now our molecular findings start matching very nicely

Sada naši molekularni nalazi počinju fino da se poklapaju

the police intelligence about Thomson,

sa policijskim podacima o Tomsonu,

should that fingerprint belong to him.

ako taj otisak pripada njemu.

But the reality is that that print is still not good enough

Ali zapravo, taj otisak i dalje nije dovoljno dobar

to make an identification.

da bi se ubica identifikovao.

Step three:

Treći korak:

since we can generate hundreds of images of the same fingerprint,

pošto možemo napraviti stotine slika istog otiska,

why don't we superimpose them,

zašto ih ne bismo preklopili,

and by doing so,

i na ovaj način,

try to improve the rich pattern of continuity and clarity?

pokušali da poboljšamo bogatu strukturu kontinuiteta i jasnoće?

That's the result.

Ovo je rezultat.

Striking.

Zapanjujuće.

We now have a very clear image of the fingerprint

Sada imamo veoma jasnu sliku otiska,

and the police can run it through the database.

pa ga policija može proveriti u bazi podataka.

The match comes out to Thomson.

Otisak pripada Tomsonu.

Thomson is our killer.

Tomson je naš ubica.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

Katie, the suspects and the circumstances of the crime aren't real,

Kejti, osumnjičeni i okolnosti zločina nisu stvarni,

but the story contains elements

ali priča sadrži elemente

of the real police casework we've been confronted with,

stvarnog slučaja policije sa kojim smo se suočili,

and is a composite of the intelligence that we can provide --

i skup su podataka koje možemo pružiti -

that we have been able to provide the police.

koje smo mogli pružiti policiji.

And I'm really, really thrilled that after nine years of intense research,

Zaista sam uzbuđena što nakon devet godina intenzivnog istraživanja,

as of 2017,

od 2017. godine,

we are able to contribute to police investigations.

možemo doprineti policijskim istragama.

Mine is no longer a dream;

To više nije moj san;

it's a goal.

nego cilj.

We're going to do this wider and wider,

Radićemo ovo sve više i više,

bigger and bigger,

bolje i bolje,

and we're going to know more about the suspect,

znaćemo više o osumnjičenima,

and we're going to build an identikit.

i napravićemo fotorobota.

I believe this is also a new era for criminal profiling.

Verujem da je ovo nova era kriminalnog profajlinga.

The work of the criminologist

Rad kriminologa

draws on the expert recognition of behavioral patterns

zasniva se na stručnom prepoznavanju obrazaca ponašanja

that have been observed before to belong to a certain type,

koji se prethodno posmatraju i povezuju sa određenim tipom,

to a certain profile.

sa određenim profilom.

As opposed to this expert but subjective evaluation,

Nasuprot ovoj stručnoj ali subjektivnoj proceni,

we're trying to do the same thing,

mi pokušavamo da uradimo isto to,

but from the molecular makeup of the fingerprint,

ali iz molekularnog sastava otiska,

and the two can work together.

i te dve metode možemo udružiti.

I did say that molecules are storytellers,

Rekla sam da su molekuli pripovedači,

so information on your health,

i informacije o vašem zdravlju,

your actions, your lifestyle, your routines,

radnjama, stilu života, rutinama,

they're all there,

sve su tu,

accessible in a fingerprint.

dostupne u otisku.

And molecules are the storytellers of our secrets

Molekuli su pripovedači naših tajni

in just a touch.

u samo jednom dodiru.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Audience) Wow.

(Publika) Vau.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)