Your fingerprints reveal more than you think | Simona Francese

329,272 views ใƒป 2018-10-08

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Yael Ring ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Roni Weisman
00:12
Do you ever stop and think, during a romantic dinner,
0
12972
4886
ื”ืื ืื™ ืคืขื ืขืฆืจืชื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘, ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืืจื•ื—ื” ืจื•ืžื ื˜ื™ืช,
00:17
"I've just left my fingerprints all over my wine glass."
1
17882
2892
"ื”ืฉืืจืชื™ ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืืฆื‘ืข ืขืœ ื›ื•ืก ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™".
00:20
(Laughter)
2
20798
1001
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:21
Or do you ever worry, when you visit a friend,
3
21823
2845
ืื• ื™ืฆื ืœื›ื ืคืขื ืœื—ืฉื•ืฉ ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ื—ื‘ืจ,
00:24
about leaving a little piece of you behind on every surface that you touch?
4
24692
4478
ื›ื™ ื”ืฉืืจืชื ื—ืชื™ื›ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืžื›ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฉื˜ื— ืฉื ื’ืขืชื ื‘ื•?
00:30
And even this evening,
5
30009
1334
ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืขืจื‘,
00:31
have you paid any attention to sit without touching anything?
6
31367
3856
ื”ืื ื”ืงืคื“ืชื ืœืฉื‘ืช ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื’ืขืช ื‘ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ?
00:36
Well, you're not alone.
7
36148
1587
ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืืชื ืœื ืœื‘ื“.
00:37
Thankfully, criminals underestimate the power of fingerprints, too.
8
37759
4245
ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืžื–ืœ, ื’ื ืคื•ืฉืขื™ื ืžืžืขื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืขืจื›ืŸ ืฉืœ ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืืฆื‘ืข.
00:42
And I'm not just talking about the twisted parting of lines
9
42792
3329
ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ืจืง ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ืงืœื™ื
00:46
that make our fingerprint unique.
10
46145
3108
ืฉืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืข ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
00:49
I'm talking about an entire world of information
11
49277
4295
ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื ืฉืœ ืžื™ื“ืข
00:53
hiding in a small, often invisible thing.
12
53596
3664
ืฉืžืชื—ื‘ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ืœืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื”.
00:57
In fact, fingerprints are made up of molecules
13
57718
2686
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืืฆื‘ืข ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืžืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช
01:00
that belong to three classes:
14
60428
1743
ืฉืžืฉืชื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื•ื’ื™ื:
01:02
sweat molecules that we all produce in very different amounts ...
15
62195
4802
ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื–ื™ืขื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืจืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช,
01:07
molecules that we introduce into our body and then we sweat out
16
67021
4431
ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ื ืœื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืื– ืžื–ื™ืขื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”
01:11
and molecules that we may contaminate our fingertips with
17
71476
3564
ื•ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื–ื”ื ืืช ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืชื ื•
01:15
when we come across substances like blood, paint, grease,
18
75064
3691
ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ืชืงืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ื“ื, ืฆื‘ืข, ืฉื•ืžืŸ,
01:18
but also invisible substances.
19
78779
1957
ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื™ื.
01:21
And molecules are the storytellers of who we are
20
81326
4913
ืžื•ืœื•ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืจื•ืช ืžื™ ืื ื—ื ื•
01:26
and what we've been up to.
21
86263
1630
ื•ืžื” ืขืฉื™ื ื•.
01:28
We just need to have the right technology to make them talk.
22
88492
5018
ืจืง ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ืŸ ืœื“ื‘ืจ.
01:34
So let me take you on a journey of unthinkable capabilities.
23
94006
5165
ืื– ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœืงื—ืช ืืชื›ื ืœืžืกืข ื‘ืขืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืชืคืฉื•ืช.
01:42
Katie has been raped
24
102528
2079
ืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ ื ืื ืกื”
01:45
and her lifeless body has been found in the woods three days later,
25
105762
4576
ื•ื’ื•ืคื” ื—ืกืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื™ืขืจ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ,
01:50
after her disappearance.
26
110362
1500
ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื™ืขืœืžื•ืชื”.
01:52
The police is targeting three suspects,
27
112577
2510
ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืžืฆืื” ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ืฉื•ื“ื™ื,
01:55
having narrowed down the search from over 20 men
28
115111
3903
ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืฆืžืฆืžื” ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉื›ืœืœื” ืžืขืœ ืœ-20 ื’ื‘ืจื™ื
01:59
who had been seen in that area on the same day.
29
119038
2657
ืฉื ืจืื• ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื.
02:02
The only piece of evidence
30
122914
1807
ื”ืจืื™ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”
02:04
is two very faint, overlapping fingerprints
31
124745
4630
ื”ื™ื ืฉืชื™ ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืืฆื‘ืข ื—ื•ืคืคื•ืช ื•ืžื˜ื•ืฉื˜ืฉื•ืช ืœืžื“ื™
02:09
on the tape that was found wrapped around Katie's neck.
32
129399
3618
ืขืœ ื”ืกืจื˜ ืฉื ืžืฆื ื›ืจื•ืš ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืฆื•ื•ืืจื” ืฉืœ ืงื™ื™ื˜ื™.
02:13
Often, faint and overlapping fingerprints cannot help the police
33
133912
4636
ืœืจื•ื‘, ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืืฆื‘ืข ืžื˜ื•ืฉื˜ืฉื•ืช ื•ื—ื•ืคืคื•ืช ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžืฉื˜ืจื”
02:18
to make an identification.
34
138572
1943
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™.
02:20
And until recently, this might have been the end of the road,
35
140539
4350
ื•ืขื“ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืกื•ืฃ ื”ื“ืจืš,
02:25
but this is where we can make the difference.
36
145886
2226
ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ.
02:29
The tape is sent to our labs,
37
149109
2755
ื”ืกืจื˜ ื ืฉืœื— ืœืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
02:31
where we're asked to use our cutting-edge technology
38
151888
2960
ืฉื ื”ืชื‘ืงืฉื ื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืคื•ืจืฆืช-ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืœื ื•
02:34
to help with the investigation.
39
154872
1860
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื—ืงื™ืจื”.
02:38
And here, we use an existing form
40
158032
2587
ื•ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช
02:40
of mass spectrometry imaging technology
41
160643
4660
ืฉืœ ื“ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืกืคืงื˜ืจื•ืžื˜ืจ ืžืกื”
02:45
that we have further developed and adapted
42
165327
2563
ืฉืคื™ืชื—ื ื• ื”ืœืื” ื•ืฉื›ืœืœื ื•
02:47
specifically for the molecular and imaging analysis of fingerprints.
43
167914
5250
ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชืชืื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœืจื™ ื•ืœื“ื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืืฆื‘ืข.
02:53
In essence, we fire a UV laser at the print,
44
173936
3985
ื‘ืขื™ืงืจื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ืื ื• ื™ื•ืจื™ื ืงืจืŸ ืœื™ื™ื–ืจ ื‘ืชื“ืจ ืื•ืœื˜ืจื ืกื’ื•ืœ ืขืœ ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืข,
02:57
and we cause the desorption of the molecules from the print,
45
177945
3857
ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืžื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืข,
03:01
ready to be captured by the mass spectrometer.
46
181826
2875
ื•ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœื”ืŸ ืœื”ืœื›ื“ ืข"ื™ ืกืคืงื˜ืจื•ืžื˜ืจ ื”ืžืกื”.
03:05
Mass spectrometry measures the weight of the molecules --
47
185708
3301
ืกืคืงื˜ืจื•ืžื˜ืจ ื”ืžืกื” ืžื•ื“ื“ ืืช ืžืฉืงืœ ื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช --
03:09
or as we say, the mass --
48
189033
2294
ืื• ื›ืžื• ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื, ืืช ื”ืžืกื” --
03:11
and those numbers that you see there, they indicate that mass.
49
191351
4518
ื•ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื, ื”ื ืžืฆื™ื™ื ื™ื ืžืกื” ื–ื•.
03:15
But more crucially,
50
195893
1638
ืื‘ืœ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
03:17
they indicate who those molecules are --
51
197555
4455
ื”ื ืžืฆื™ื™ื ื™ื ืื™ื–ื” ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื” --
03:22
whether I'm seeing paracetamol
52
202034
2117
ื”ืื ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืคืจืฆื˜ืžื•ืœ
03:24
or something more sinister, forensically speaking.
53
204175
3625
ืื• ืžืฉื”ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื‘ื–ื™, ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืคืœื™ืœื™.
03:28
We applied this technology to the evidence that we have
54
208734
3016
ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื ื• ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื–ื• ืขืœ ื”ืจืื™ื™ื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื ื•
03:31
and we found the presence of condom lubricants.
55
211774
3828
ื•ืžืฆืื ื• ืงื™ื•ืžื ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ืกื™ื›ื” ืฉืœ ืงื•ื ื“ื•ื.
03:36
In fact, we've developed protocols that enable us to even suggest
56
216337
4628
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืคื™ืชื—ื ื• ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœื™ื ืฉืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ืกื™ืง
03:40
what brand of condom might have been used.
57
220989
3293
ืžืื™ื–ื” ืชื•ืฆืจืช ื”ืงื•ื ื“ื•ื ืฉื›ื ืจืื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ.
03:45
So we pass this information to the police,
58
225097
2087
ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื” ืœืžืฉื˜ืจื”,
03:47
who, meanwhile, have obtained a search warrant
59
227208
3406
ืฉื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื, ื”ืฉื™ื’ื• ืฆื• ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ
03:50
and they found the same brand of condom in Dalton's premises.
60
230638
5952
ื•ื”ื ืžืฆืื• ืงื•ื ื“ื•ื ืžืื•ืชื” ืชื•ืฆืจืช ื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ืœื˜ื•ืŸ.
03:57
And with Dalton and Thomson also having records for sexual assaults,
61
237199
5428
ื•ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื“ืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืชื•ืžืกื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ื’ื ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืงื™ืคื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ื•ืช,
04:02
then it is Chapman that may become the less likely suspect.
62
242651
4698
ืื– ืฆ'ืคืžืŸ ื”ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื•ื“ ื”ื›ื™ ืคื—ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ืจ.
04:08
But is this information enough to make an arrest?
63
248028
3039
ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืžืขืฆืจ?
04:11
Of course not,
64
251533
1151
ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืœื,
04:12
and we are asked to delve deeper with our investigation.
65
252708
2730
ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื—ืงื™ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•.
04:16
So we found out, also, the presence of other two very interesting molecules.
66
256225
4735
ืื– ื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ื’ื ืืช ืงื™ื•ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉืชื™ ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช.
04:21
One is an antidepressant,
67
261609
2444
ืื—ืช ื”ื™ื ืชืจื•ืคื” ื ื•ื’ื“ืช-ื“ื›ืื•ืŸ,
04:24
and one is a very special molecule.
68
264077
2022
ื•ื”ืื—ืจืช ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช.
04:26
It only forms in your body
69
266123
2125
ื”ื™ื ื ื•ืฆืจืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ
04:28
if you drink alcohol and consume cocaine at the same time.
70
268272
4034
ืจืง ืื ืฉื•ืชื™ื ืืœื›ื•ื”ื•ืœ ื•ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ื ืงื•ืงืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช.
04:32
And alcohol is known to potentiate the effects of cocaine,
71
272719
3850
ื•ืืœื›ื•ื”ื•ืœ ื™ื“ื•ืข ื›ืžืขืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืงืื™ืŸ,
04:36
so here, we now have a hint on the state of mind
72
276593
4764
ืื– ื›ืืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืจืžื– ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžืฆื‘ื• ื”ื ืคืฉื™
04:41
of the individual whilst perpetrating the crime.
73
281381
3087
ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืข ืืช ื”ืคืฉืข.
04:45
We passed this information to the police,
74
285198
2978
ื”ืขื‘ืจื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื” ืœืžืฉื˜ืจื”,
04:48
and they found out that, actually, Thomson is a drug addict,
75
288200
4284
ื•ื”ื ื’ื™ืœื• ืฉื‘ืขืฆื, ืชื•ืžืกื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžื›ื•ืจ ืœืกืžื™ื,
04:52
and he also has a medical record for psychotic episodes,
76
292508
4230
ื•ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื‘ืขืœ ืขื‘ืจ ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืคืกื™ื›ื•ื˜ื™ื•ืช,
04:56
for which presumably the antidepressant was prescribed.
77
296762
3771
ื‘ื’ื™ื ืŸ, ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื”, ื”ื•ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืžืจืฉื ืฉืœ ืชืจื•ืคื” ื ื•ื’ื“ืช-ื“ื›ืื•ืŸ.
05:01
So now Thomson becomes the more likely suspect.
78
301016
4777
ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืชื•ืžืกื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื—ืฉื•ื“ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
05:07
But the reality is that I still don't know where these molecules are coming from,
79
307463
5493
ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืžื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช,
05:12
from which fingerprint,
80
312980
1746
ืžืื™ื–ื• ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ืืฆื‘ืข,
05:14
and who those two fingerprints belong to.
81
314750
2973
ื•ืœืžื™ ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืืฆื‘ืข.
05:18
Fear not.
82
318346
1271
ืืœ ื—ืฉืฉ.
05:19
Mass spectrometry imaging can help us further.
83
319641
2815
ื“ื™ืžื•ืช ืขืดื™ ืกืคืงื˜ืจื•ืžื˜ืจ ืžืกื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืื•ืคืŸ.
05:22
In fact, the technology is so powerful
84
322763
3245
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื–ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืจื‘ืช ืขื•ืฆืžื”
05:26
that we can see where these molecules are on a fingerprint.
85
326032
5047
ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ืืฆื‘ืข.
05:31
Like you see in this video,
86
331821
2051
ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื”ื–ื”,
05:33
every single one of those peaks corresponds to a mass,
87
333896
3878
ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœืžืกื”,
05:37
every mass to a molecule,
88
337798
2072
ื›ืœ ืžืกื” ืœืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื”,
05:39
and we can interrogate the software, by selecting each of those molecules,
89
339894
4941
ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื”, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื”,
05:44
as to where they are present on a fingermark.
90
344859
3650
ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ืŸ ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ืขืœ ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืข.
05:49
And some images are not very revealing,
91
349385
3073
ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืœื ื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื”,
05:52
some are better,
92
352482
1467
ื—ืœืงืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ,
05:53
some are really good.
93
353973
2462
ื•ื—ืœืงืŸ ืžืžืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช.
05:56
And we can create multiple images of the same mark --
94
356459
4992
ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื” ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ืืฆื‘ืข --
06:01
in theory, hundreds of images of the same fingerprint --
95
361475
4087
ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื”, ืžืื•ืช ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื” ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืข --
06:05
for as many of the molecules that we have detected.
96
365586
3058
ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื’ื™ืœื™ื ื•.
06:09
So step one ...
97
369547
1572
ืื– ืฉืœื‘ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ...
06:12
for overlapping fingerprints, chances are,
98
372262
3985
ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืืฆื‘ืข ื—ื•ืคืคื•ืช, ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื,
06:16
especially if they come from different individuals,
99
376271
2521
ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื ื”ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืช ืžื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
06:18
that the molecular composition is not identical,
100
378816
3419
ืฉื”ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœืจื™ ืื™ื ื• ื–ื”ื”,
06:22
so let's ask the software to visualize those unique molecules
101
382259
5083
ืื– ื”ื‘ื” ื ื‘ืงืฉ ืžื”ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื“ืžื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืชืŸ ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช
06:27
just present in one fingermark and not in the other one.
102
387366
3874
ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืจืง ื‘ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ืืฆื‘ืข ืื—ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื”.
06:31
By doing so,
103
391875
1685
ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš,
06:33
that's how we can separate the two ridge patterns.
104
393584
3948
ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ืชื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื.
06:38
And this is really important
105
398490
1975
ื•ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ื—ืฉื•ื‘
06:40
because the police now are able to identify one of the two fingerprints,
106
400489
6025
ื›ื™ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืืช ืื—ืช ืžืฉืชื™ ื˜ื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืข,
06:46
which actually corresponds to Katie.
107
406538
2157
ืฉืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื–ื• ืฉืœ ืงื™ื™ื˜ื™.
06:49
And they've been able to say so
108
409368
1493
ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ื–ื”
06:50
because they've compared the two separate images
109
410885
2603
ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ืฉื•ื• ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ืคืจื“ื•ืช
06:53
with one taken posthumously from Katie.
110
413512
2681
ืขื ืื—ืช ืฉื ืœืงื—ื” ืžืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ืžื•ืชื”.
06:56
So now, we can concentrate on one fingerprint only --
111
416902
5193
ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ืืฆื‘ืข ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ --
07:02
that of the killer's.
112
422119
1857
ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ืฆื—.
07:04
So then, step two ...
113
424477
1991
ืื ื›ืŸ, ืฉืœื‘ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืชื™ื™ื ...
07:06
where are these three molecules that I've seen?
114
426968
2768
ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืจืื™ืชื™?
07:10
Well, let's interrogate the software -- show me where they are.
115
430250
3248
ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ื‘ื” ื ืชืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื” -- ื”ืจืื™ ืœื™ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ืŸ ื ืžืฆืื•ืช.
07:13
And by doing this,
116
433522
1660
ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื›ืš,
07:15
only portions of the image of the killer's fingerprint show up.
117
435206
6281
ืจืง ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืชืžื•ื ืช ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืข ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ืฆื— ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื.
07:21
In other words,
118
441511
1404
ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช,
07:22
those substances are only present in the killer's print.
119
442939
5738
ืื•ืชื ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืจืง ื‘ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืข ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ืฆื—.
07:29
So now our molecular findings start matching very nicely
120
449120
5220
ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืื™ื ื™ืคื” ืžืื•ื“
07:34
the police intelligence about Thomson,
121
454364
2701
ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจืชื™ ืขืœ ืชื•ืžืกื•ืŸ,
07:37
should that fingerprint belong to him.
122
457089
2489
ืื ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืข ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืืžืช ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœื•.
07:40
But the reality is that that print is still not good enough
123
460650
3647
ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืข ื”ื–ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื” ืžืกืคื™ืงื”
07:44
to make an identification.
124
464321
2048
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™.
07:46
Step three:
125
466393
1401
ืฉืœื‘ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืœื•ืฉ:
07:47
since we can generate hundreds of images of the same fingerprint,
126
467818
6664
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืžืื•ืช ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื” ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ืืฆื‘ืข,
07:54
why don't we superimpose them,
127
474506
2923
ืœืžื” ืฉืœื ื ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืื•ืชืŸ ืื—ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ื”,
07:57
and by doing so,
128
477453
1153
ื•ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš,
07:58
try to improve the rich pattern of continuity and clarity?
129
478630
3413
ื ื ืกื” ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ื“ืคื•ืก ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช?
08:02
That's the result.
130
482067
1500
ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื”.
08:04
Striking.
131
484303
1402
ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” ืžืื•ื“.
08:05
We now have a very clear image of the fingerprint
132
485729
3942
ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืข
08:09
and the police can run it through the database.
133
489695
2750
ื•ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืจื™ืฅ ืื•ืชื” ืžื•ืœ ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื.
08:12
The match comes out to Thomson.
134
492469
2360
ื”ื”ืชืืžื” ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœืช ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ืชื•ืžืกื•ืŸ.
08:15
Thomson is our killer.
135
495839
1501
ืชื•ืžืกื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื•ืฆื— ืฉืœื ื•.
08:17
(Applause)
136
497364
3968
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
08:21
Katie, the suspects and the circumstances of the crime aren't real,
137
501356
6747
ืงื™ื™ื˜ื™, ื”ื—ืฉื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคืฉืข ืื™ื ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื,
08:28
but the story contains elements
138
508127
3549
ืื‘ืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื›ื™ืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช
08:31
of the real police casework we've been confronted with,
139
511700
4347
ืฉืœ ืกื•ื’ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืื•ืชืŸ ื™ืฆื ืœื ื• ืœื‘ืฆืข,
08:36
and is a composite of the intelligence that we can provide --
140
516071
3166
ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ืกื•ื’ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ื ื• ืœืกืคืง --
08:39
that we have been able to provide the police.
141
519261
2531
ื•ืฉืื›ืŸ ืกื™ืคืงื ื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืœืžืฉื˜ืจื”.
08:43
And I'm really, really thrilled that after nine years of intense research,
142
523089
4638
ื•ืื ื™ ืžืžืฉ ืžืžืฉ ืžืชืจื’ืฉืช ืžื›ืš ืฉืื—ืจื™ ืชืฉืข ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื—ืงืจ ืื™ื ื˜ื ืกื™ื‘ื™,
08:47
as of 2017,
143
527751
1961
ื”ื—ืœ ืžืฉื ืช 2017,
08:49
we are able to contribute to police investigations.
144
529736
3106
ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืจื•ื ืœื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”.
08:53
Mine is no longer a dream;
145
533462
2624
ื”ื—ืœื•ื ืฉืœื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื• ื—ืœื•ื;
08:56
it's a goal.
146
536110
1500
ื”ื•ื ืžื˜ืจื”.
08:57
We're going to do this wider and wider,
147
537958
2824
ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ื–ืืช ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื ืจื—ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ,
09:00
bigger and bigger,
148
540806
1297
ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ,
09:02
and we're going to know more about the suspect,
149
542127
3081
ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื“,
09:05
and we're going to build an identikit.
150
545232
1972
ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืงืœืกืชืจื•ืŸ.
09:08
I believe this is also a new era for criminal profiling.
151
548121
4739
ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื” ืฉื–ื”ื• ื’ื ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืคืจื•ืคื™ืœืื•ืช ืคืœื™ืœื™ืช.
09:12
The work of the criminologist
152
552884
1390
ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืงืจื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœื•ื’
09:14
draws on the expert recognition of behavioral patterns
153
554298
4085
ืžืชื‘ืกืกืช ืขืœ ื”ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืฉืœ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ื™ื
09:18
that have been observed before to belong to a certain type,
154
558407
3625
ืฉื ืฆืคื• ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ ื›ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ืžืกื•ื™ื,
09:22
to a certain profile.
155
562056
1500
ืœืคืจื•ืคื™ืœ ืžืกื•ื™ื.
09:23
As opposed to this expert but subjective evaluation,
156
563869
4447
ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื”ืขืจื›ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืืš ืกื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื–ื•,
09:28
we're trying to do the same thing,
157
568340
2331
ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ,
09:30
but from the molecular makeup of the fingerprint,
158
570695
3564
ืื‘ืœ ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœืจื™ ืฉืœ ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืข,
09:34
and the two can work together.
159
574283
1811
ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื™ื—ื“.
09:36
I did say that molecules are storytellers,
160
576812
2866
ืืžืจืชื™ ืฉื”ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืจื•ืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ,
09:39
so information on your health,
161
579702
2539
ืื– ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ื›ื ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™,
09:42
your actions, your lifestyle, your routines,
162
582265
4157
ืžืขืฉื™ื›ื, ืื•ืจื— ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื, ืฉื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœื›ื,
09:46
they're all there,
163
586446
1788
ื›ื•ืœื• ื ืžืฆื ืฉื,
09:48
accessible in a fingerprint.
164
588258
2436
ื–ืžื™ืŸ ื“ืจืš ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืข.
09:51
And molecules are the storytellers of our secrets
165
591403
4436
ื•ืžื•ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ืžืกืคืจื•ืช ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืกื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื ื•
09:56
in just a touch.
166
596813
1335
ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื’ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
09:58
Thank you.
167
598706
1151
ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
09:59
(Audience) Wow.
168
599881
1158
(ืงื”ืœ) ื•ื•ืื•.
10:01
(Applause)
169
601063
3532
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7