Yoav Medan: Ultrasound surgery -- healing without cuts

142,365 views ・ 2011-12-08

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Jang hoon Kim κ²€ν† : Kyo young Chu
00:15
Over the last 13 years --
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μ§€λ‚œ 13λ…„κ°„,
00:17
one, three, 13 years --
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1, 3,즉, 13λ…„κ°„,
00:19
I've been part of an exceptional team at InSightec in Israel
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μ €λŠ” μ΄μŠ€λΌμ—˜μ˜ InSightecμ—μ„œ νŠΉμˆ˜νŒ€μ˜ ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμœΌλ‘œ μ‚΄μ•„μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:22
and partners around the world
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그리고 이 아이디어와 이 κ°œλ…,
00:24
for taking this idea, this concept,
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μ—°κ΅¬μ†ŒλΆ€ν„° 일상적인 μž„μƒ μ‚¬μš©κΉŒμ§€μ˜
00:27
noninvasive surgery,
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λΉ„μΉ¨μŠ΅μ„± μˆ˜μˆ μ„ μ•ˆλ‚΄ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ νŒŒνŠΈλ„ˆλ“€ 쀑
00:29
from the research lab to routine clinical use.
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μΌλΆ€λ‘œμ„œ μ‚΄μ•„μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:32
And this is what I'll tell you about.
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그리고 이것은 μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ λ§ν•˜κ³  싢은 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:34
13 years --
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13λ…„--
00:36
for some of you, you can empathize with that number.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ 쀑 μΌλΆ€λŠ”, κ·Έ μˆ˜μΉ˜μ— λŒ€ν•΄ κ³΅κ°ν•˜μ‹€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:39
For me, today, on this date,
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제게, 이 λ‚ μ§œμ˜ μ˜€λŠ˜μ€,
00:41
it's like a second bar mitzvah experience.
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마치 λ‘λ²ˆμ§Έ 성인식과도 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:43
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
00:46
So this dream
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이 κΏˆμ€
00:49
is really enabled
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μ•Œλ €μ§„ 두 가지 κΈ°μˆ λ“€μ„
00:51
by the convergence
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ν•˜λ‚˜λ‘œ μˆ˜λ ΄μ‹œν‚΄μœΌλ‘œμ¨
00:53
of two known technologies.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ κ΅¬ν˜„κ°€λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:55
One is the focused ultrasound,
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ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” μ΄ˆμ μ„± 초음파이고
00:57
and the other one is the
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λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”
01:00
vision-enabled magnetic resonance imaging.
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μ‹œκ°μ μœΌλ‘œ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 자기 곡λͺ… ν™”μƒλ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:03
So let's first talk about focused ultrasound.
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이제 μ΄ˆμ μ„± μ΄ˆμŒνŒŒμ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ¨Όμ € 이야기 ν•΄λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€
01:07
And I hold in my hand
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μ €λŠ” 제 손에
01:09
a tissue-mimicking phantom.
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쑰직을 λͺ¨λ°©ν•œ λͺ¨λ°©μ²΄λ₯Ό κ°–κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:11
It is made out of silicon.
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이것은 μ‹€λ¦¬μ½˜μœΌλ‘œ κ΅¬μ„±λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:13
It is transparent, made just for you.
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이것은 투λͺ…ν•˜κ³ , μ˜€λ‘œμ§€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ„ μœ„ν•΄ μ œμ‘°λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:16
So you see, it's all intact,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ„ λ³΄μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό, 이것은 μ™„μ „νžˆ μ˜¨μ „ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:19
completely transparent.
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λ˜ν•œ μ™„λ²½ν•˜κ²Œ 투λͺ…ν•˜κ΅¬μš”
01:21
I'll take you now to the acoustic lab.
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μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ 이제 음ν–₯ μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œλ‘œ μ•ˆλ‚΄ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:24
You see the phantom within the aquarium.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μˆ˜μ‘°μ— μžˆλŠ” λͺ¨λ°©μ²΄λ₯Ό 보고 계싀 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:26
This is a setup I put in a physics lab.
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이것은 μ œκ°€ 물리학 μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œμ—μ„œ μ„€μΉ˜ν–ˆλ˜ μ€€λΉ„μž‘μ—…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:28
On the right-hand side,
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였λ₯Έμͺ½μ—,
01:30
you see an ultrasonic transducer.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 초음파 λ³€ν™˜κΈ°λ₯Ό 보싀 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:32
So the ultrasonic transducer
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이 초음파 λ³€ν™˜κΈ°λŠ”
01:35
emits basically an ultrasonic beam
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기본적으둜 λͺ¨λ°©μ²΄ 내뢀에 μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ‘λŠ”
01:37
that focuses inside the phantom.
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초음파 빔을 λ°©μΆœν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:40
Okay, when you hear the click,
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자, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 클릭 μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό λ“€μœΌμ‹€ λ•Œκ°€
01:44
this is when the energy starts to emit
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€κ°€ 방좜되기 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λŠ” μˆœκ°„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:46
and you see a little lesion form
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그리고 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μž‘μ€ λ³‘μ†Œ ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό 보싀 수 μžˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:49
inside the phantom.
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λͺ¨λ°©μ²΄ 내뢀에 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:52
Okay, so everything around it
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자, 이것 μ£Όλ³€μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  것듀은
01:54
is whole and intact.
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μ˜¨μ „ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:56
It's just a lesion formed inside.
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이것은 단지 내뢀에 ν˜•μ„±λœ λ³‘μ†ŒμΌ λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:58
So think about, this is in your brain.
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자, 이제 생각해 λ³΄μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€. 이것은 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ λ‡Œμ—μ„œ ν–‰ν•΄μ§€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:01
We need to reach a target inside the brain.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ‡Œμ˜ 내뢀에 μžˆλŠ” λͺ©ν‘œλ¬Όμ— 도달해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:03
We can do it without harming any tissue.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이것을 μ–΄λ–€ 쑰직도 상해λ₯Ό μž…νžˆμ§€ μ•Šκ³  ν•΄λ‚Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:06
So this is, I think,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œκ°€ μƒκ°ν•˜κΈ°μ—”,
02:08
the first kosher Hippocratic surgical system.
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이것은 졜초의 합법적인 νžˆν¬ν¬λΌν…ŒμŠ€μ‹ μˆ˜μˆ λ²•μΈ 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:11
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
02:13
Okay, so let's talk a little bit about ultrasound,
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이제, μ΄ˆμŒνŒŒμ™€ 초음파의 νž˜μ— λŒ€ν•΄
02:15
the force of ultrasound.
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쑰금만 이야기 ν•΄λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€
02:17
You know all about imaging, right, ultrasound imaging.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 이미징에 λŒ€ν•΄ λͺ¨λ‘ μ•„μ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ„€ λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 초음파 μ΄λ―Έμ§•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:20
And you know also about lithotripsy --
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그리고 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ λ˜ν•œ μ‡„μ„μˆ 
02:23
breaking kidney stones.
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-즉, μ‹ μž₯결석을 λΆ€μˆ˜λŠ” 것을 μ•„μ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:26
But ultrasound can be shaped
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ΄ˆμŒνŒŒλŠ” κ·Έ 사이에
02:29
to be anything in between,
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μ–΄λ–€ ν˜•νƒœλ‘œλ“  ν˜•μ„±λ  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:32
because it's a mechanical force.
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μ΄ˆμŒνŒŒλŠ” 기계적인 힘이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:35
Basically, it's a force acting on a tissue
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기본적으둜, 이것은 κ°€λ‘œλ‘œ 놓인 쑰직에
02:37
that it transverses.
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μ μš©λ˜λŠ” 힘 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:39
So you can change the intensity, the frequency,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ—μ–΄λΈŒλŸ¬μ‹œλΆ€ν„° 망치 λͺ¨μ–‘κΉŒμ§€
02:42
the duration, the pulse shape of the ultrasound
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κ·Έ μ–΄λ–€ λͺ¨μ–‘이라도 ν˜•μ„±ν•΄λ‚΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ
02:45
to create anything
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강도, λΉˆλ„
02:47
from an airbrush to a hammer.
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내ꡬ성, 그리고 초음파의 νŽ„μŠ€ νŒŒν˜•μ„ λ³€κ²½ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:50
And I am going to show you
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μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ
02:52
multiple applications in the medical field
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μ˜ν•™κ³„μ—μ„œ μ˜€λ‘œμ§€ μ΄ˆμ μ„ μ§‘μ€‘μ‹œν‚΄μœΌλ‘œμ¨
02:54
that can be enabled
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κ΅¬ν˜„ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ
02:56
just by focusing,
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λͺ‡ κ°€μ§€μ˜ μ‘μš©ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬λ“œκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:58
physically focusing.
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물리학적 μ΄ˆμ μ„ μ§‘μ€‘μ‹œν‚¨ 것 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:01
So this idea
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ‡Œμ—μ„œ λ³‘μ†Œλ₯Ό μΉ˜λ£Œν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ μ΄ˆμ μ„± 초음파λ₯Ό
03:03
of harnessing focused ultrasound to treat lesions in the brain
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ν™œμš©ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 생각은
03:06
is not new at all.
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κ²°μ½” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:08
When I was born, this idea was already conceived
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μ œκ°€ νƒœμ–΄λ‚¬μ„ λ•Œ, 이 생각은 Fry ν˜•μ œλ“€κ³Ό
03:11
by pioneers such as the Fry brothers
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Lars Leksell 같은 κ°œμ²™μžλ“€μ„ ν†΅ν•΄μ„œ
03:14
and Lars Leksell,
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이미 μΈμ‹λ˜μ—ˆλ˜ μƒκ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:16
who is know actually
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ Lars Leksell은
03:18
as the inventor of the gammaknife.
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감마 λ‚˜μ΄ν”„μ˜ 발λͺ…κ°€λ‘œ μ•Œλ €μ Έ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:20
But you may not know
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€
03:22
that he tried to perform lobotomies in the brain,
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κ·Έκ°€ λ‡Œμ—μ„œ λ‡Œμ—½μ ‘λ¦¬μˆ μ„
03:24
noninvasively,
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50λ…„λŒ€μ— μ΄ˆμ μ„± 초음파λ₯Ό 가지고
03:26
with focused ultrasound in the '50s.
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λ²ˆμ§€μ§€ μ•Šκ²Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ € ν–ˆλ‹¨ 것은 λͺ¨λ₯΄μ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:29
He failed,
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ‹€νŒ¨ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:31
so he then invented the gammaknife.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·ΈλŠ” κ·Έλ’€λ‘œ 감마 λ‚˜μ΄ν”„λ₯Ό 발λͺ…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:33
And it makes you ponder
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그리고 이것은 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄
03:36
why those pioneers failed.
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μ™œ 그런 κ°œμ²™μžλ“€μ΄ μ‹€νŒ¨ν–ˆλŠ” 지 μˆ™κ³ ν•˜κ²Œ ν–ˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:40
And there was something fundamental
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그리고 κ±°κΈ°μ—” 그듀이 λ†“μ³€λ˜
03:42
that they were missing.
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기초적인 무언가가 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:44
They were missing the vision.
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그듀은 μ‹œκ°μ„ λ†“μ³€λ˜ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:46
It wasn't until the invention of the MR
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이것은 MR의 발λͺ…κΉŒμ§€ 그랬던 것은 μ•„λ‹ˆκ³ 
03:49
and really the integration of MR
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν”Όλ“œλ°±μ„ μ–»μ–΄λ‚Ό 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ˜,
03:51
with focused ultrasound
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즉 해뢀학적이고 λ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ
03:53
that we could get the feedback --
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λΉ„ν™•μž₯술의, λ‹¨μ ˆλœ 수술 단계λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄μ„œ
03:56
both the anatomical and the physiological
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ν”Όλ“œλ°±μ„ μ–»μ–΄λ‚Ό 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ˜
03:59
in order to have a completely noninvasive, closed-loop
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μ΄ˆμ μ„± 초음파λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•œ
04:03
surgical procedure.
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MR의 ν†΅ν•©μ΄μ „κΉŒμ§€λ„ μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:06
So this is how it looks, you know,
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이것이 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ„ μ•„μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό
04:08
the operating room of the future today.
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미래의 μ˜€λŠ˜μ— 수술방의 λͺ¨μŠ΅μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:11
This is an MR suite with a focused ultrasound system.
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이것은 μ΄ˆμ μ„± 초음파 체계가 κ΅¬λΉ„λœ MR μŠˆνŠΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:14
And I will give you several examples.
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μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ λͺ‡ 가지 예λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:16
So the first one is in the brain.
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μ²«λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” λ‡Œμ—μ„œ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:18
One of the neurological conditions
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μ΄ˆμ μ„± 초음파둜 치료될 수 μžˆλŠ”
04:21
that can be treated with focused ultrasound
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μ‹ κ²½ μ§ˆν™˜λ“€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”
04:23
are movement disorders,
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λ°”λ‘œ μš΄λ™μž₯μ• μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:25
like Parkinson's or essential tremor.
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νŒŒν‚€μŠ¨ λ³‘μ΄λ‚˜ λ³Ένƒœμ„±μ§„μ „ 같은 것듀 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:28
What is typical to those conditions,
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예둜 듀은 그런 μ§ˆν™˜λ“€κ³Ό
04:31
to essential tremor for example,
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그런 λ³Ένƒœμ„±μ§„μ „μ— μžˆμ–΄ μ „ν˜•μ μΈ 것은
04:34
is inability
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ μ£Όμœ„μ— 죄닀 ν˜λ €λ²„λ¦¬μ§€ μ•Šκ³ μ„œλŠ”
04:37
to drink or eat cereal or soup
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μ‹œλ¦¬μ–Όμ΄λ‚˜ μŠ€ν”„λ₯Ό λ§ˆμ‹œκ±°λ‚˜ 먹을 수 μ—†λ‹€λŠ”
04:41
without spilling everything all over you,
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무λŠ₯ν•¨μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:44
or write legibly so people can understand it,
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ν˜Ήμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 이해할 수 있게 읽기 μ‰½κ²Œ 쓰지 λͺ»ν•˜κ³ 
04:47
and be really independent in your life
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μžμ‹ μ˜ 삢에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ΄λ“€μ˜ 도움 μ—†μ΄λŠ”
04:50
without the help of others.
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μ •λ§λ‘œ λ…μžμ μΌ 수 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:52
So I'd like you to meet John.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜ John을 μ†Œκ°œλ“œλ¦¬κ³ μž ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:55
John is a retired professor of history
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John은 Virginia의
04:57
from Virginia.
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μ€ν‡΄ν•œ 역사학 κ΅μˆ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:59
So he suffered from essential tremor for many years.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μˆ˜λ…„ κ°„ λ³Ένƒœμ„±μ§„μ „μ„ μ•“μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:02
And medication didn't help him anymore.
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그리고 약은 κ·Έμ—κ²Œ μ „ν˜€ 효λ ₯이 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:06
And many of those patients refused to undergo surgery
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그리고 κ·ΈλŸ¬ν•œ λ§Žμ€ ν™˜μžλ“€μ€ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ λ‡Œμ—μ„œ
05:09
to have people cut into their brain.
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μ ˆλ‹¨ 과정을 κ±°μΉ˜λŠ” μˆ˜μˆ μ„ ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό κ±°λΆ€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:11
And about four or five months ago,
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그리고 4~5κ°œμ›” μ „,
05:14
he underwent an experimental procedure.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ‹€ν—˜μ μΈ 절차λ₯Ό κ±°μ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:19
It is approved under an FDAIDE
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이것은 Charlottesville의
05:22
at the University of Virginia
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Virginia λŒ€ν•™μ—μ„œ FDAIDE의 ν†΅μ œ ν•˜μ—
05:24
in Charlottesville
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그의 μ‹œμƒμ—μ„œ
05:26
using focused ultrasound
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문제 뢀뢄을 μ œκ±°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
05:28
to ablate a point in his thalamus.
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집쀑 초음파λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•¨μ΄ ν—ˆλ½λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:33
And this is his handwriting.
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그리고 이것이 그의 ν•„μ²΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:36
"On June 20th," if you can read it,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ½μœΌμ‹€ 수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄, "6μ›” 20일"
05:39
"2011."
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"2011." 이라 μ“°μ—¬μžˆμ£ 
05:42
This is his handwriting
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이것은 MR에 λ“€μ–΄κ°€κΈ° μ „
05:44
on the morning of the treatment
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μΉ˜λ£Œλ‚  아침에
05:46
before going into the MR
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κ·Έκ°€ μ“΄ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:48
So now I'll take you through
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자 이제 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ
05:50
[what] a typical procedure like that looks like,
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그런 것이 λ³΄μ—¬μ§€λŠ” 것 만큼 μ–΄λ–€ μ „ν˜•μ μ΄ 과정인지,
05:53
[what] noninvasive surgery looks like.
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λΉ„ν™•μž₯ 수술이 μ–΄λ–€ 것인지 λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:56
So we put the patient on the MR table.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” MR ν…Œμ΄λΈ”μ— ν™˜μžλ₯Ό 올렀 λ†“μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:59
We attach a transducer, in this case, to the brain,
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이 κ²½μš°μ—, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ‡Œμ— λ³€ν™˜κΈ°λ₯Ό λΆ€μ°©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:01
but if it will be a different organ,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ κ²½μš°μ— 이것이 λ‹€λ₯Έ μž₯κΈ°κ°€ λœλ‹€λ©΄,
06:03
it will be a different transducer attached to the patient.
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ν™˜μžμ—κ²Œ λΆ€μ°©λ˜λŠ” λ³€ν™˜κΈ° λ˜ν•œ λ‹¬λΌμ§ˆ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:07
And the physician
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그리고 μ˜μ‚¬λŠ”
06:09
will then take a regular MR scan.
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일반적인 MR μŠ€μΊ” 과정을 μ·¨ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:12
And the objective of that?
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그리고 κ·Έκ²ƒμ˜ λͺ©μ μ€ λ¬΄μ—‡μΌκΉŒμš”?
06:14
I don't have a pointer here,
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μ—¬κΈ°μ—λŠ” 제 포인터가 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€λ§Œ,
06:16
but you see the green, sort of rectangle or trapezoid?
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ§μ‚¬κ°ν˜•, ν˜Ήμ€ λΆ€λ“±λ³€ μ‚¬κ°ν˜• 같은 μ΄ˆλ‘μƒ‰μ΄ 보이싀 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:21
This is the sort of general area of the treatment.
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이것은 μΉ˜λ£Œμ— μžˆμ–΄ 일반적인 κ΅¬μ—­μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:23
It's a safety boundary
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이것은 λͺ©ν‘œ μ£Όμœ„μ˜
06:25
around the target.
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μ•ˆμ „μ„± κ²½κ³„μ„ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:27
It's a target in the thalamus.
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이것은 μ‹œμƒμ—μ„œμ˜ λͺ©ν‘œλ¬Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:29
So once those pictures are acquired
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그런 그림듀이 λͺ¨μ•„지면,
06:31
and the physician has drawn
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μ˜μ‚¬λ“€μ€
06:34
all the necessary safety limits and so on,
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λͺ¨λ“  ν•„μš”ν•œ μ•ˆμ „μ œν•œμΉ˜λ₯Ό μΆ”μΆœν•΄λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:37
he selects basically a point --
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λ˜ν•œ, κ·ΈλŠ” 기본적으둜 ν•œ 뢀뢄을 집어낼 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:39
you see the round point in the middle where the cursor is --
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ„ λ³΄μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό μ»€μ„œκ°€ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” 쀑간에 λ‘₯κ·Ό λΆ€λΆ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:42
and he presses this blue button called "sonicate."
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그리고 κ·ΈλŠ” μ†Œμœ„ "Sonicate(초음파 처리)"라 λΆˆλ¦¬λŠ” 이 νŒŒλž€μƒ‰ λ²„νŠΌμ„ λˆ„λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:45
We call this instance of injecting the energy,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό μ£Όμž…ν•˜λŠ” 이런 경우λ₯Ό
06:48
we call it sonication.
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'초음파처리'라고 λΆ€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:50
The only handwork the physician does here
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μ˜μ‚¬κ°€ μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μˆ˜λ™μœΌλ‘œ ν–‰ν•˜λŠ” 였직 ν•œ κ°€μ§€λŠ”
06:53
is moving a mouse.
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마우슀λ₯Ό μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ” 것 λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:55
This is the only device he needs in this treatment.
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이것이 κ·Έκ°€ μΉ˜λ£Œμ— μžˆμ–΄μ„œ ν•„μš”ν•œ μœ μΌν•œ μž₯μΉ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:58
So he presses "sonicate," and this is what happens.
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이제 κ·Έκ°€ "sonicate"을 λˆ„λ₯΄κ³ , κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:01
You see the transducer, the light blue.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 밝은 νŒŒλž€μƒ‰μ˜ λ³€ν™˜κΈ°λ₯Ό 보싀 수 μžˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:03
There's water in between the skull and the transducer.
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λ‘κ°œκ³¨κ³Ό λ³€ν™˜κΈ° μ‚¬μ΄μ—λŠ” 물이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:06
And it does this burst of energy.
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그리고 이 물은 μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό λΆ„μΆœν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:08
It elevates the temperature.
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λ˜ν•œ μ˜¨λ„λ₯Ό μ˜¬λ¦¬κΈ°λ„ ν•˜μ£ 
07:10
We first need to verify
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μš°μ„  μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λͺ©ν‘œμ— λ„λ‹¬ν•΄μžˆμŒμ„
07:12
that we are on target.
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μž…μ¦ν•΄μ•Όλ§Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:14
So the first sonication
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첫 번째 초음파 λΆ„ν•΄λŠ”
07:16
is at lower energy.
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μ €μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ—μ„œ ν–‰ν•΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:18
It doesn't do any damage,
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이것은 μ–΄λ–€ 손상도 μž…νžˆμ§€ μ•Šμ§€λ§Œ
07:20
but it elevates the temperature
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μ•½κ°„μ˜ μ˜¨λ„λ₯Ό
07:22
by a few degrees.
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λŒμ–΄ μ˜¬λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:24
And one of the unique capabilities
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ MR을 톡해 영ν–₯을 μ£ΌλŠ”
07:26
that we leverage with the MR
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νŠΉλ³„ν•œ λŠ₯λ ₯λ“€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”
07:28
is the ability to measure temperature noninvasively.
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μ˜¨λ„λ₯Ό λΉ„μΉ¨μŠ΅μ μœΌλ‘œ μΈ‘μ •ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:32
This is really a unique capability of the MR.
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이것이 λ°”λ‘œ MR의 νŠΉλ³„ν•œ λŠ₯λ ₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:35
It is not being used
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이것은 일반적인 μ˜μƒμ˜ν•™ μ§„λ‹¨μ—μ„œλŠ”
07:37
in regular diagnostic imaging.
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μ‚¬μš©λ˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:39
But here we can get
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ‹€μ‹œκ°„μœΌλ‘œ ν•΄λΆ€ν•™ 이미징과
07:41
both the anatomical imaging and the temperature maps in real time.
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μ˜¨λ„ 지도 λͺ¨λ‘λ₯Ό μ–»μ–΄λ‚Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:44
And you can see the points there on the graph.
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그리고 κ·Έλž˜ν”„μ—μ„œ λͺ‡ 개의 ν¬μΈνŠΈλ“€μ„ 보싀 수 μžˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:47
The temperature was raised
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κ·Έ μ˜¨λ„λŠ” μΌμ‹œμ μœΌλ‘œ
07:49
to 43 degrees C temporarily.
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섭씨 43λ„κΉŒμ§€ μ¦κ°€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:51
This doesn't cause any damage.
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이것은 μ–΄λ–€ 손상도 μž…νžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:53
But the point is we are right on target.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš”μ μ€ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λͺ©ν‘œλ¬Όμ— μ˜¬λ°”λ₯΄κ²Œ 도달해 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:55
So once the physician verifies
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μ˜μ‚¬κ°€ 집쀑 지점이 κ·Έκ°€ μ„ νƒν•œ λͺ©ν‘œλ¬Όμ— μžˆλ‹€κ³ 
07:58
that the focus spot is on the target he has chosen,
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ν•œ 번 μž…μ¦ν•˜κ³ λ‚˜λ©΄
08:01
then we move to perform
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ„ μ—¬κΈ° λ³΄μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό
08:04
a full-energy ablation
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό μ΅œλŒ€λ‘œ λŒμ–΄μ˜¬λ €
08:06
like you see here.
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μ œκ±°μˆ μ„ ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:08
And you see the temperature rises
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그리고 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 섭씨 55λ„μ—μ„œ 60λ„κΉŒμ§€
08:11
to like 55 to 60 degrees C.
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μ˜¨λ„κ°€ μƒμŠΉν•¨μ„ 보싀 수 μžˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:13
If you do it for more than a second,
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λ§Œμ•½ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 이것을 λͺ‡ μ΄ˆκ°„ 더 ν–‰ν•œλ‹€λ©΄,
08:15
it's enough to basically destroy
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이것은 기본적으둜
08:18
the proteins of the cells.
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μ„Έν¬μ˜ λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆλ“€μ„ νŒŒκ΄΄ν•˜κ³  말 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:22
This is the outcome from a patient perspective --
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이것은 치료 후에 같은 λ‚ 
08:24
same day after the treatment.
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ν™˜μžμ˜ κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ 바라본 κ²°κ³Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:27
This is an immediate relief.
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정말 닀행이죠
08:29
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
08:34
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:36
John is one of [about] a dozen
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John은 수 λ§Žμ€
08:39
very heroic, courageous people
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ꡉμž₯히 νˆ¬μ§€λ„˜μΉ˜λŠ”, μš©κ°ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€ 쀑 ν•œ λͺ…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:43
who volunteered for the study.
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연ꡬ에 μžμ›ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:45
And you have to understand
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그리고 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 마음 μ†μ—λŠ”
08:47
what is in people's mind
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그듀이 리슀크λ₯Ό λΆ€λ‹΄ν•˜λ € ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을
08:49
when they are willing to take the risk.
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이해해 μ£Όμ…”μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:52
And this is a quote from John after he wrote it.
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그리고 이것은 John이 κ·Έκ°€ μ“°κ³  λ‚œ 뒀에 μΈμš©ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:55
He said, "Miraculous."
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κ·ΈλŠ” "기적같닀"κ³  λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:57
And his wife said, "This is the happiest moment of my life."
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그리고 그의 뢀인은 "이 μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 제 μΈμƒμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ ν–‰λ³΅ν•œ μˆœκ°„μ΄λ‹€."라고 λ§ν–‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:01
And you wonder why.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ™œμΌμ§€ κΆκΈˆν•˜μ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:03
I mean, one of the messages I like to carry over
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즉, μ œκ°€ λ§ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” 메세지듀 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”
09:06
is, what about defending quality of life?
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μ‚Άμ˜ μ§ˆμ„ λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜λŠ”κ²Œ μ–΄λ– λƒλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:09
I mean, those people lose their independence.
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μ œκ°€ ν•˜κ³  싢은 말은, 그뢄듀은 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 독립성을 μžƒμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:11
They are dependent on others.
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그듀은 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ μ˜μ§€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:13
And John today is fully independent.
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그리고 John은 이제 μ™„μ „νžˆ λ…λ¦½μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:16
He returned to a normal life routine.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μΌμƒμ˜ ν‰λ²”ν•œ μ‚ΆμœΌλ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:19
And he also plays golf,
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그리고 κ·ΈλŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄
09:21
like you do in Virginia
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μ€ν‡΄ν•˜μ‹œκ³ λ‚˜μ„œ Virginiaμ—μ„œ
09:23
when you are retired.
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골프λ₯Ό μΉ˜λ“―μ΄ λ˜‘κ°™μ΄ 골프λ₯Ό μΉ©λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:28
Okay, so you can see here the spot.
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자, 여기에 ν•œ 뢀뢄이 λˆˆμ— 띄싀 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:32
It's like three millimeters in the middle of the brain.
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이것은 λ‡Œ 쀑간에 3mm 크기둜 μΆ”μ •λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:34
There's no damage outside.
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μ™ΈλΆ€μ—” μ–΄λ–€ 손상도 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:36
He suffers from no neurodeficit.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ–΄λ–€ 신경결핍도 κ²ͺ지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:39
There's no recovery needed, no nothing.
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λ˜ν•œ μ–΄λ–€ νšŒλ³΅λ„, μ–΄λ–€ 것도 더 이상 ν•„μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:42
He's back to his normal life.
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κ·ΈλŠ” 그의 정상적인 μ‚ΆμœΌλ‘œ λŒμ•„μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:44
Let's move now
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자, 이젠 쑰금 더 괴둜운 주제둜
09:46
to a more painful subject.
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ν•œλ°œ λ‚˜μ•„κ°€ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€
09:48
Pain is something
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고톡은 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ 삢을
09:50
that can make your life miserable.
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λΆˆν–‰ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:52
And people are suffering from all kinds of pain
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그리고 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μ‹ κ²½λ³‘μ§ˆ, λ“± μ•„λž˜ λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 고톡
09:54
like neuropathic pain, lower-back pain
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λ”°μœ„μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  고톡듀을 κ²ͺκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:58
and cancer pain from bone metastases,
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그리고 μ²™μˆ˜ μ•”μ „μ΄λ‘œλΆ€ν„° 암성톡증을 느끼고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:01
when the metastases get to your bones,
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암전이가 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ μ²™μˆ˜μ— 진행될 λ•ŒλŠ”,
10:04
sometimes they are very painful.
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λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ ꡉμž₯히 κ³ ν†΅μŠ€λŸ½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:07
All those I've indicated
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μ œκ°€ λ§ν•œ λͺ¨λ“  것듀은
10:09
have already been shown
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집쀑 초음파λ₯Ό 톡해
10:11
to be successfully treated
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이미 μ„±κ³΅μ μœΌλ‘œ 고톡을 μ™„ν™”ν–ˆκ³ ,
10:13
by focused ultrasound
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더 빨리 μ™„ν™”ν–ˆμŒμ„
10:16
relieving the pain, again, very fast.
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λ³΄μ—¬μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:19
And I would like to tell you
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μ €λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜
10:21
about PJ.
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PJ에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³ μž ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:25
He's a 78 year-old farmer
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κ·ΈλŠ” 78μ‚΄μ˜ 농뢀인데,
10:29
who suffered from -- how should I say it? --
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뭐라고 해야할지....
10:32
it's called pain in the butt.
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κ·Έ μ•„λž˜μ— μžˆλŠ” ꡡ은 κ³³μ—μ„œ 톡증을 λŠκΌˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:34
He had metastases in his right buttock,
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κ·ΈλŠ” 그의 였λ₯Έμͺ½ ꡡ은 μ•Œμ—μ„œ 암전이가 μ§„ν–‰λ˜μ—ˆκ³ ,
10:37
and he couldn't sit
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κ·ΈλŠ” 약을 λ¨Ήκ³ μ„œλ„
10:39
even with medication.
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앉을 수 μ‘°μ°¨ μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:41
He had to forgo all the farm activities.
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κ·ΈλŠ” λͺ¨λ“  농사 업무듀을 ν¬κΈ°ν•΄μ•Όλ§Œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:48
He was treated with radiation therapy,
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κ·ΈλŠ” 방사λŠ₯ μΉ˜λ£Œλ²•μœΌλ‘œ μΉ˜λ£Œλ°›μ•˜κ³ ,
10:50
state-of-the-art radiation therapy,
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κ·Έ μΉ˜λ£Œλ²•μ€ μ΅œμ‹ μ‹ 방사λŠ₯ μΉ˜λ£Œλ²•μ΄μ—ˆμœΌλ‚˜
10:52
but it didn't help.
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도움이 λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:54
Many patients like that favor radiation therapy.
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그런 λ§Žμ€ ν™˜μžλΆ„λ“€μ€ 방사λŠ₯ μΉ˜λ£Œλ²•μ„ μ„ ν˜Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:57
And again, he volunteered
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그리고, κ·ΈλŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œλŠ” λ¬Όλ‘ 
10:59
to a pivotal study
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μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μ§„ν–‰ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”
11:01
that we ran worldwide,
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μ€‘μš”ν•œ 연ꡬ에
11:04
also in the U.S.
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μžμ›ν•˜μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:08
And his wife actually took him.
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그리고 그의 뢀인은 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ κ·Έλ₯Ό λ°λ €μ˜€μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:11
They drove like three hours
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그듀은 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 농μž₯μ—μ„œ
11:13
from their farm to the hospital.
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λ³‘μ›κΉŒμ§€ 3μ‹œκ°„μ„ μš΄μ „ν•΄μ„œ μ˜€μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:16
He had to sit on a cushion,
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κ·ΈλŠ” ꡉμž₯히 κ³ ν†΅μŠ€λŸ¬μ› κΈ°μ—,
11:19
stand still, not move,
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μΏ μ…˜μ— μ•‰κ±°λ‚˜, κ°€λ§Œνžˆ μ„œμžˆκ±°λ‚˜,
11:21
because it was very painful.
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움직이지 λ§μ•„μ•Όλ§Œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:24
He took the treatment,
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κ·ΈλŠ” κ·Έ 치료λ₯Ό λ°›μ•˜κ³ ,
11:26
and on the way back,
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λŒμ•„κ°€λŠ” 길에
11:29
he drove the truck by himself.
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κ·ΈλŠ” κ·Έ 슀슀둜 νŠΈλŸ­μ„ μš΄μ „ν•΄μ„œ κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:33
So again, this is an immediate relief.
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λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œ 번 λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬μ§€λ§Œ, μ¦‰κ°μ μœΌλ‘œ μ™„ν™”κ°€ 된 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:36
And you have to understand
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 그런 고톡이 λ°œμƒν•  λ•Œ
11:38
what those people feel
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그런 뢄듀이 λŠλΌλŠ” 것과
11:40
and what their family experiences
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 가쑱이 κ²½ν—˜ν•˜λŠ” 것을
11:43
when it happens.
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μ΄ν•΄ν•˜μ…”μ•Όλ§Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:45
He returned again
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κ·ΈλŠ” λ‹€μ‹œ
11:47
to his daily routine on the farm.
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농μž₯μ—μ„œμ˜ 일상적인 μ‚ΆμœΌλ‘œ λŒμ•„κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:49
He rides his tractor.
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κ·ΈλŠ” νŠΈλž™ν„°λ„ νƒ‘λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:51
He rides his horse to their mountain cabin regularly.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ •κΈ°μ μœΌλ‘œ 그의 μ‚°μž₯에 말을 타고 κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:55
And he has been very happy.
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그리고 κ·ΈλŠ” 맀우 ν–‰λ³΅ν•΄ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:58
But now, you ask me,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, 이제 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 제게 λ¬ΌμœΌμ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:01
but what about war, the war on cancer?
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μ•”μ—μ„œμ˜ μ „μŸμ€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ¬λ‚˜μš”?라고 말이죠
12:03
Show us some primary cancer.
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자, 초기의 λͺ‡ 가지 암을 λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€
12:06
What can be done there?
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이 λΆ€λΆ„μ—μ„œ 무엇이 κ°€λŠ₯ν• κΉŒμš”?
12:08
So I have good news and bad news.
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제겐 쒋은 μ†Œμ‹κ³Ό λ‚˜μœ μ†Œμ‹μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:10
The good news: there's a lot that can be done.
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쒋은 λ‰΄μŠ€λŠ”, μ•žμœΌλ‘œ κ°€λŠ₯성이 λ§Žλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:13
And it has been shown actually outside of the U.S.
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그리고 이 κ°€λŠ₯성은 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λ―Έκ΅­ μ™Έμ—μ„œ λ³΄μ—¬μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:16
And doing that in the U.S.
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그리고 λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ 그것을 ν•˜λŠ” 건
12:20
is very painful.
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ꡉμž₯히 νž˜λ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:22
I don't see, without this nation
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μ €λŠ” 이 λ‚˜λΌ μ—†μ΄λŠ”
12:26
taking it as some collective will
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œλ‚˜ λ§Žμ€ 지원,
12:30
or something that is a national goal to make that happen,
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ν˜Ήμ€ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λ‚΄κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” ꡭ가적인 λͺ©ν‘œκ°€
12:33
it will not happen.
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λ°œμƒν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ 것이라고 보지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:35
And it's not just because of regulation;
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이것은 단지 규제 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:37
it's because of the amount of money needed
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이것은 ν˜„μž¬μ˜ 증거에 κΈ°μ΄ˆν•œ μ•½κ³Ό
12:40
under the current evidence-based medicine
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μ‹€ν—˜μ˜ μ‚¬μ΄μ¦ˆ, λ˜λŠ” 이런 것이 κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ”
12:44
and the size of trials and so on
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λͺ¨λ“  것듀에
12:46
to make it happen.
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μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 돈이 ν•„μš”ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:48
So the first two applications
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졜초의 두 가지 μ μš©λŒ€μƒλ“€μ€
12:50
are breast cancer and prostate cancer.
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μœ λ°©μ•”κ³Ό μ „λ¦½μ„ μ•”μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:53
They were the first to be treated by focused ultrasound.
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그듀은 집쀑 초음파λ₯Ό 톡해 처음으둜 치료되렀고 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:56
And we have better-than-surgery results in breasts.
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μ €ν¬λŠ” μœ λ°©μ•” μͺ½μ—μ„  μˆ˜μˆ λ³΄λ‹€ 더 쒋은 결과듀을 μ–»μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
13:01
But I have a message for the men here.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 여기에 계신 λ‚¨μ„±λΆ„λ“€κ»˜ λ“œλ¦΄ 말씀이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
13:03
We heard here yesterday Quyen
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μ €ν¬λŠ” μ–΄μ œ μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ Quyen이
13:06
talking about the adverse event trait
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전립선 μ•”μ—μ„œμ˜
13:09
in prostate cancer.
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뢀정적인 경우의 νŠΉμ§•μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ§ν•œ 것을 λ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
13:11
There is a unique opportunity now
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μ΄μ œλŠ” MR 덕뢄에
13:13
with focused ultrasound guided by MR,
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집쀑 초음파λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•œ νŠΉλ³„ν•œ κΈ°νšŒκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
13:16
because we can actually think about
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ˜€λ‘œμ§€ 쀑점적인
13:19
prostate lumpectomy --
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λ³‘μ†Œλ§Œ μΉ˜λ£Œν•˜κ³  전체적인 전립선은
13:21
treating just the focal lesion
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μ œκ±°ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”, 그리고 그둜 인해
13:23
and not removing the whole gland,
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λ‚¨μžμ˜ 성적 λŠ₯λ ₯κ³Ό μ‹€κΈˆμ— κ΄€ν•œ λͺ¨λ“  λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ€
13:25
and by that, avoiding all the issues
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ν”Όν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 전립선 μ†Œκ΄΄μ ˆμ œμˆ μ„
13:28
with potency and incontinence.
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생각해 λ³Ό 수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
13:32
Well, there are other cancer tumors in the abdomen --
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λ¬Όλ‘ , λ³΅λΆ€μ—λŠ” κ½€ 치λͺ…적이고
13:38
quite lethal, very lethal actually --
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췌μž₯, κ°„, μ‹ μž₯μ—λŠ” μ‹€μ œλ‘œ ꡉμž₯히 치λͺ…적인
13:40
pancreas, liver, kidney.
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ•” 쒅양듀이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
13:43
The challenge there
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호흑과 ν™˜μžμ˜ μ˜μ‹μ„ κΉ¨μš°λŠ” 것,
13:45
with a breathing and awake patient --
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즉, λͺ¨λ“  우리의 μΉ˜λ£Œλ²•μ—μ„œ
13:48
and in all our treatments,
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ν™˜μžκ°€ μ˜μ‹μ„ 되찾고
13:50
the patient is awake and conscious
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μ˜μ‚¬μ™€ λŒ€ν™”ν•˜λŠ” 것에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œμ˜
13:52
and speaks with the physician --
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λ„μ „κ³Όμ œλŠ”, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ MR의 λͺ‡ 가지 ν˜Όλž€μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄ 것듀을
13:56
is you have to teach the MR some tricks
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μ‹€μ‹œκ°„μœΌλ‘œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” 지λ₯Ό
13:59
how to do it in real time.
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μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
14:02
And this will take time.
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그리고 이것은 μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 걸릴 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
14:04
This will take two years.
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2λ…„ 정도가 걸릴 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
14:06
But I have now a message to the ladies.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ΄λ²ˆμ—” μ—¬μ„±λΆ„λ“€μ—κ²Œ 메세지λ₯Ό λ“œλ¦¬κ³ μž ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
14:09
And this is, in 2004,
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그리고 이것은 2004λ…„
14:12
the FDA has approved MR-guided focused ultrasounds
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FDAκ°€ 자ꢁ μœ μ„¬μœ μ’…μ˜ μΉ˜λ£Œλ²•μœΌλ‘œμ¨
14:15
for the treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids.
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MR을 μ‚¬μš©ν•œ 집쀑 초음파λ₯Ό μΈμ •ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:20
Women suffer from that disease.
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여성은 κ·Έ μ§ˆλ³‘μœΌλ‘œ κ³ ν†΅μŠ€λŸ¬μ›Œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
14:24
All those tumors
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그런 λͺ¨λ“  쒅양듀은
14:26
have heavy bleeding during periods,
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생리 κΈ°κ°„ λ™μ•ˆμ˜ μ‹¬ν•œ 좜혈과
14:28
abdominal pressure, back pain,
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볡뢀 μ••λ ₯, μš”ν†΅, 그리고 λΉˆλ²ˆν•œ 배뇨λ₯Ό
14:30
frequent urination.
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μœ λ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
14:32
And sometimes, they cannot even conceive and become pregnant
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그리고 λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ, 그것듀은 μž„μ‹ ν•  λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€ μΈμ‹μ‘°μ°¨λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
14:36
because of the fibroid.
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μœ μ„¬μœ μ’… λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ 
14:38
This is Frances.
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이 뢄은 Francesμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
14:40
She was diagnosed with a grapefruit-sized fibroid.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” κ·Έλ ˆμ΄ν”„ν”„λ£¨νŠΈλ§Œν•œ μœ μ„¬μœ μ’…μ„ 진단 λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
14:42
This is a big fibroid.
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이것은 큰 μœ μ„¬μœ μ’…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
14:44
She was offered a hysterectomy,
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 자ꢁ μ ˆμ œμˆ μ„ μ œμ•ˆλ°›μ•˜μœΌλ‚˜,
14:46
but this is an inconceivable proposition
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이것은 μžμ‹ μ˜ μž„μ‹ μ„ 지킀고 싢은 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²
14:48
for someone who wants to keep her pregnancy option.
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상상도 ν•  수 μ—†λŠ” μ œμ•ˆμ΄μ£ 
14:51
So she elected to undergo a focused ultrasound procedure
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 2008λ…„ 집쀑 초음파 μˆ˜μˆ μ„
14:55
in 2008.
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μ§„ν–‰ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
14:57
And in 2010, she became a first-time mother to a healthy baby.
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그리고 2010λ…„, κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 처음으둜 κ±΄κ°•ν•œ μ•„κΈ°μ˜ μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆκ°€ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
15:01
So new life was born.
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μƒˆ 생λͺ…이 νƒ„μƒν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
15:03
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
15:05
So in conclusion,
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결둠적으둜,
15:08
I'd like to leave you with actually four messages.
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μ „ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ 4가지 메세지λ₯Ό λ‚¨κΈ°κ³ μž ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
15:11
One is, think about the amount
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첫째, λΉ„μΉ¨μŠ΅μ„± μˆ˜μˆ μ„ κ²ͺλŠ” ν™˜μžλ“€λ‘œλΆ€ν„°
15:13
of suffering that is saved
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ꡬ제될 수 μžˆλŠ” κ³ ν†΅μ˜ 양에 λŒ€ν•΄
15:15
from patients undergoing noninvasive surgery,
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μƒκ°ν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”
15:19
and also the economical and emotional burden
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λ˜ν•œ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ κ°€μ‘±κ³Ό μ§€μ—­μ‚¬νšŒ, 그리고 κ±°μ‹œμ μΈ κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ
15:23
removed from their families and communities
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μ‚¬νšŒμ—μ„œ μ‚¬λΌμ§ˆ 경제적인, 정신적인 무게λ₯Ό
15:26
and the society at large --
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ν•œ 번 μƒκ°ν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”
15:30
and I think also from their physicians, by the way.
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그런데, μ €λŠ” λ˜ν•œ μ˜μ‚¬λ“€λ‘œλΆ€ν„°λ„ 그러리라 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
15:36
And the other thing I would like you to think about
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그리고 μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μƒκ°ν•΄λ³΄μ…¨μœΌλ©΄ ν•˜λŠ” 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 것은
15:39
is the new type of relationship
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μ˜μ‚¬μ™€ ν™˜μžλ“€ 간에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œμ˜
15:42
between physician and patients
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ν˜•νƒœμ˜ κ΄€κ³„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
15:44
when you have a patient on the table
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ ν…Œμ΄λΈ” μœ„μ—μ„œ λ©€μ©‘ν•˜κ²Œ 깨있고
15:47
[who] is awake and can even monitor the treatment.
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심지어 μΉ˜λ£Œκ³Όμ •μ„ λͺ¨λ‹ˆν„°λ„ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” ν™˜μžκ°€ μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
15:50
In all our treatments,
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λͺ¨λ“  우리의 μΉ˜λ£Œλ²•μ— μžˆμ–΄μ„œ,
15:52
the patient holds a stop sonication button.
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ν™˜μžλŠ” 초음파 λΆ„ν•΄ 정지 λ²„νŠΌμ„ μ₯‘λ‹ˆλ‹€
15:54
He can stop the surgery at any moment.
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κ·Έ 뢄은 μ–΄λ–€ λ•Œμ΄κ±΄ μˆ˜μˆ μ„ 쀑지할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
15:58
And with that note,
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그리고 그런 μ μ—μ„œ,
16:01
I would like to thank you for listening.
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잘 λ“€μ–΄μ£Όμ‹  μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜ κ°μ‚¬λ“œλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€
16:04
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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