Colin Powell: Kids need structure | TED

207,462 views ใƒป 2013-01-23

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Sung Man Hong ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jeong Huisu
00:16
What I want to do this afternoon
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์˜คํ›„์— ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ผ์€
00:17
is something a little different than what's scheduled.
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์งœ์—ฌ์ง„ ์ผ์ •๊ณผ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
Foreign policy, you can figure that out
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์™ธ๊ต ์ •์ฑ…์€, ์ „ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด
00:22
by watching, I don't know, Rachel Maddow or somebody,
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ ๋ฉ”๋„์šฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
00:25
but โ€” (Laughter) โ€”
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ (์›ƒ์Œ)
00:27
I want to talk about young people and structure,
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์ €๋Š” ์ Š์€์ด์™€ ๊ทœ์œจ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”.
00:30
young people and structure.
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์ Š์€์ด์™€ ๊ทœ์œจ.
00:32
This was last Wednesday afternoon
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ์ง€๋‚œ ์ˆ˜์š”์ผ ์˜คํ›„
00:35
at a school in Brooklyn, New York,
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๋‰ด์š• ๋ธŒ๋ฃฉํด๋ฆฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋Š ํ•™๊ต์˜€์–ด์š”.
00:37
at Cristo Rey High School, run by the Jesuits.
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์˜ˆ์ˆ˜ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ†  ๋ ˆ์ด ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
And I was talking to this group of students, and take a look at them.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ํ•™๊ต ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
They were around me in three directions.
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์„ธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
00:46
You'll noticed that almost all of them are minority.
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์†Œ์ˆ˜ ์ง‘๋‹จ ์ถœ์‹ ์ž„์„ ์•„์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
You'll notice that the building is rather austere.
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ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์†Œ๋ฐ•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
It's an old New York school building, nothing fancy.
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๋‰ด์š•์˜ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ํ•™๊ต ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด๊ณ  ํ™”๋ คํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•„์š”.
00:55
They still have old blackboards and whatnot.
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์•„์ง๋„ ๋‚ก์€ ์น ํŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ €๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
And there are about 300 kids in this school,
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์ด ํ•™๊ต์—๋Š” 300๋ช… ์ฏค ๋˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:00
and the school's been going now for four years,
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ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•œ์ง€ 4๋…„์ฏค ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
01:03
and they're about to graduate their first class.
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์ฒซ ํ•™๋…„์„ ์กธ์—…์‹œํ‚ฌ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:06
Twenty-two people are graduating,
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22๋ช…์ด ์กธ์—…ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
01:08
and all 22 are going to college.
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22๋ช… ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋Œ€ํ•™์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ•™ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
They all come from homes where there is, for the most part,
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด
01:13
just one person in the home,
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ํ•œ๋ถ€๋ชจ ๊ฐ€์ • ์ถœ์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
usually the mother or the grandmother, and that's it,
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๋ณดํ†ต ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋‚˜ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋งŒ ๊ณ„์‹œ์ฃ . ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
and they come here for their education
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์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋Ÿฌ,
01:21
and for their structure.
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๊ทœ์œจ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Ÿฌ ํ•™๊ต์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
Now I had this picture taken, and it was put up
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์–ด์„œ
01:25
on my Facebook page last week,
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์ง€๋‚œ ์ฃผ์— ์ œ ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ์— ์˜ฌ๋ ธ์–ด์š”.
01:28
and somebody wrote in,
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ์•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
01:29
"Huh, why does he have him standing at attention like that?"
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"ํ—‰, ์™œ ์ € ์นœ๊ตฌํ•œํ…Œ ์ฐจ๋ ท ์ž์„ธ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ผฐ์ง€?"
01:34
And then they said, "But he looks good." (Laughter)
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณค "ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฉ‹์ ธ ๋ณด์—ฌ." ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ์—ˆ๋”๊ตฐ์š”. (์›ƒ์Œ)
01:39
He does look good, because kids need structure,
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ทœ์œจ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
01:41
and the trick I play in all of my school appearances
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•์—ฐํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์“ฐ๋Š” ์š”๋ น์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:45
is that when I get through with my little homily to the kids,
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์•„์ด๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ํ›ˆ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ
01:48
I then invite them to ask questions,
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์‹œํ‚ค์ฃ .
01:50
and when they raise their hands, I say, "Come up,"
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์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์†์„ ๋“ค๋ฉด "์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค์„ธ์š”" ๋ผ๊ณ  ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด์š”.
01:52
and I make them come up and stand in front of me.
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์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ ์ œ ์•ž์— ์„ธ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
I make them stand at attention like a soldier.
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์ €๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๊ตฐ์ธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ฐจ๋ ท ์ž์„ธ๋กœ ์„œ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:56
Put your arms straight down at your side,
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ํŒ”์„ ์˜†์œผ๋กœ ๊ณง๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
01:58
look up, open your eyes, stare straight ahead,
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๊ณ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๊ณ , ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋œจ๊ณ , ์•ž์„ ๋˜‘๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ด,
02:01
and speak out your question loudly so everybody can hear.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•ด๋ด.
02:05
No slouching, no pants hanging down, none of that stuff.
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๊ตฌ๋ถ€์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ญˆ๋ปฃ์ญˆ๋ปฃ ๋ฐ”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋Œ์–ด๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งˆ.
02:08
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:09
And this young man, his name is -- his last name Cruz --
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์ด ์ Š์€์ด๋Š”, ์ด๋ฆ„์ด - ์„ฑ์ด ํฌ๋ฃจ์ฆˆ์—์š”. -
02:13
he loved it. That's all over his Facebook page and it's gone viral.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๊ทธ์˜ ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์— ์˜ฌ๋ ธ๊ณ  ์ˆœ์‹๊ฐ„์— ์–˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํผ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์–ด์š”.
02:17
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:19
So people think I'm being unkind to this kid.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์นœ๊ตฌํ•œํ…Œ ์Œ€์Œ€๋งž๊ฒŒ ๊ตด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ 
02:21
No, we're having a little fun.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
And the thing about it, I've done this for years,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ๋ช‡ ํ•ด๋™์•ˆ ํ•ด์™”๋Š”๋ฐ
02:26
the younger they are, the more fun it is.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ผ์ˆ˜๋ก ์žฌ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋Š๋ผ์ฃ .
02:29
When I get six- and seven-year-olds in a group,
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6์‚ด, 7์‚ด ์งœ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ์—ฌ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š”
02:32
I have to figure out how to keep them quiet.
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์• ๋“ค์„ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
You know that they'll always start yakking.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์• ๋“ค์€ ๋Š˜ ์กฐ์ž˜๋Œ€๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
02:36
And so I play a little game with them
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์• ๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ์ฐจ๋ ท ์ž์„ธ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์•ž์„œ
02:37
before I make them stand at attention.
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์• ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
I say, "Now listen. In the army,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜์ฃ . "์ž ๋“ค์–ด๋ด. ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์—์„œ
02:41
when we want you to pay attention,
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์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š”
02:43
we have a command. It's called 'at ease.'
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'์‰ฌ์–ด'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ช…๋ น์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค.
02:46
It means everybody be quiet and pay attention. Listen up.
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๊ทธ ๋ง์€ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฃผ๋ชฉ์„ ํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด์•ผ. ์ž˜ ๋“ค์–ด.
02:50
Do you understand?"
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์•Œ๊ฒ ๋‹ˆ?"
02:51
"Uh-huh, uh-huh, uh-huh.""Let's practice. Everybody start chatting."
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"์œผ์‘, ์œผ์‘, ์œผ์‘." "์ž ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด๋ณด์ž. ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋– ๋“ค์–ด ๋ด."
02:56
And I let them go for about 10 seconds, then I go, "At ease!"
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์ €๋Š” 10์ดˆ์ฏค ์• ๋“ค์ด ๋– ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๋’ค์— ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์‰ฌ์–ด!"
02:59
"Huh!" (Laughter)
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"์—‡!" (์›ƒ์Œ)
03:03
"Yes, General. Yes, General."
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"์˜ˆ, ์žฅ๊ตฐ๋‹˜. ์˜ˆ, ์žฅ๊ตฐ๋‹˜."
03:05
Try it with your kids. See if it works. (Laughter)
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ž๋…€๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ž˜ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์„ธ์š” (์›ƒ์Œ)
03:08
I don't think so.
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์ž˜ ์•ˆ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
03:11
But anyway, it's a game I play, and it comes obviously
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์–ด์จŒ๋“  ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์• ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋†€์ด์ด๊ณ ,
03:14
from my military experience.
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์ €์˜ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:16
Because for the majority of my adult life,
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์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋ฅธ์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„
03:19
I worked with young kids, teenagers with guns, I call them.
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์ Š์€์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ์ผํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ์ด์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ 10๋Œ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
And we would bring them into the army,
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์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์„ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค์™€์„œ
03:26
and the first thing we would do is to put them
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์ฒ˜์Œํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„
03:28
in an environment of structure, put them in ranks,
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๊ทœ์œจ์ด ๊ฐ–์ถฐ์ง„ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์†์—์„œ ์„œ์—ด์„ ์„ธ์šฐ๊ณ 
03:32
make them all wear the same clothes,
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๊ฐ™์€ ์˜ท์„ ์ž…ํžˆ๊ณ ,
03:33
cut all their hair off so they look alike,
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ๋” ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฝ์„ ์งง๊ฒŒ ์ž๋ฅด๊ณ 
03:36
make sure that they are standing in ranks.
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์„œ์—ด๋Œ€๋กœ ์„œ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
We teach them how to go right face, left face,
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๊ทธ๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ์šฐํ–ฅ์šฐ, ์ขŒํ–ฅ์ขŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์„œ
03:40
so they can obey instructions and know
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์ง€์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ
03:42
the consequences of not obeying instructions.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
It gives them structure.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทœ์œจ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:46
And then we introduce them to somebody who they come to hate immediately, the drill sergeant.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋’ค์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ณง ๋ฏธ์›Œํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ ํ›ˆ๋ จ ๊ต๊ด€์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
And they hate him.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ›ˆ๋ จ ๊ต๊ด€์„ ๋ฏธ์›Œํ•˜์ฃ .
03:52
And the drill sergeant starts screaming at them,
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ํ›ˆ๋ จ ๊ต๊ด€์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ฅด๊ณ ,
03:55
and telling them to do all kinds of awful things.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ง€๋…ํ•œ ์ผ์„ ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
But then the most amazing thing happens over time.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ๋ฅด๋ฉด์„œ ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
Once that structure is developed,
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์ผ๋‹จ ๊ทœ์œจ์ด ์žกํžˆ๊ณ ,
04:05
once they understand the reason for something,
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๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ ,
04:08
once they understand, "Mama ain't here, son.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง๋“ค์„ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ . "์—„๋งˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์—†๋‹จ๋‹ค, ์–˜์•ผ
04:12
I'm your worst nightmare. I'm your daddy and your mommy.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋„ค ์•…๋ชฝ์ด์•ผ. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ค ์•„๋น ์ด์ž ๋„ค ์—„๋งˆ์•ผ.
04:16
And that's just the way it is. You got that, son?
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ . ์•Œ๊ฒ ๋‹ˆ?
04:18
Yeah, and then when I ask you a question, there are only three possible answers:
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ต๋ณ€ ๋ฟ์ด์•ผ.
04:21
yes, sir; no, sir; and no excuse, sir.
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์˜ˆ, ๊ต๊ด€๋‹˜. ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค, ๊ต๊ด€๋‹˜. ๋ณ€๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ต๊ด€๋‹˜.
04:23
Don't start telling me why you didn't do something.
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๋„ค๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์™œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ.
04:26
It's yes, sir; no, sir; no excuse, sir."
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์˜ˆ, ๊ต๊ด€๋‹˜. ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค, ๊ต๊ด€๋‹˜. ๋ณ€๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ต๊ด€๋‹˜์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ."
04:28
"You didn't shave.""But sir โ€”"
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"๋„ˆ ๋ฉด๋„ ์•ˆํ–ˆ์ง€." "ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ต๊ด€๋‹˜ ---"
04:29
"No, don't tell me how often you scraped your face this morning.
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"์•„๋‹ˆ, ๋„ค๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ์— ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ธ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ.
04:33
I'm telling you you didn't shave."
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๋„ค๊ฐ€ ๋ฉด๋„๋ฅผ ์•ˆ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์•ผ."
04:34
"No excuse, sir.""Attaboy, you're learning fast."
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"๋ณ€๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ต๊ด€๋‹˜." "๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€, ์ž˜ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š”๊ตฌ๋‚˜."
04:38
But you'd be amazed at what you can do with them
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์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ทœ์œจ ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋„ฃ์€ ๋’ค์—
04:40
once you put them in that structure.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋†€๋ž„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
In 18 weeks, they have a skill. They are mature.
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18์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ฑ์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€์ฃ .
04:47
And you know what, they come to admire the drill sergeant
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ›ˆ๋ จ ๊ต๊ด€์„ ์กด๊ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
and they never forget the drill sergeant.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ›ˆ๋ จ ๊ต๊ด€์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
They come to respect him.
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ํ›ˆ๋ จ ๊ต๊ด€์„ ์šฐ๋Ÿฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ง€์š”.
04:55
And so we need more of this kind of structure and respect
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๋“ค ์ƒํ™œ์—
04:59
in the lives of our children.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ทœ์œจ๊ณผ ์กด๊ฒฝ์ด ๋” ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
I spend a lot of time with youth groups,
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์ €๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
05:03
and I say to people, "When does the education process begin?"
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป์ฃ . "๊ต์œก์€ ์–ด๋””์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?"
05:06
We're always talking about, "Let's fix the schools.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Š˜ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜์ฃ . "ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์žก์•„์š”.
05:08
Let's do more for our teachers. Let's put more computers in our schools.
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์„ ๊ต์œก์‹œํ‚ต์‹œ๋‹ค. ํ•™๊ต์— ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋ณด๋‚ด์š”.
05:12
Let's get it all online."
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์š”."
05:15
That isn't the whole answer. It's part of the answer.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ต์˜ ์ „๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ต์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ด์ฃ .
05:18
But the real answer begins with bringing a child to the school
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ •๋‹ต์€ ๊ทœ์œจ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์— ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ ค์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
with structure in that child's heart and soul to begin with.
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๊ทธ ์†์—์„œ ์•„์ด์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ๊ณผ ์˜ํ˜ผ์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‹œ์ž‘๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:26
When does the learning process begin? Does it begin in first grade?
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'ํ•™์Šต' ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์–ธ์ œ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ ๊นŒ์š”? 1ํ•™๋…„์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋‚˜์š”?
05:29
No, no, it begins the first time
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์•„๋‹ˆ, ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ . ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ
05:31
a child in a mother's arms
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์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์—„๋งˆ ํ’ˆ์— ์•ˆ๊ฒจ์„œ
05:33
looks up at the mother
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์—„๋งˆ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
and says, "Oh, this must be my mother.
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"์˜ค, ์ด๋ถ„์ด ๋‚ด ์—„๋งˆ๊ตฌ๋‚˜.
05:40
She's the one who feeds me.
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๋‚  ๋จน์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ถ„์ด์•ผ.
05:42
Oh yeah, when I don't feel so good down there,
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์•„ ๊ทธ๋ž˜, ์•„๋ž˜ ์ชฝ์ด ์ฐ์ฐํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚„ ๋•Œ,
05:44
she takes care of me.
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๋‚  ๋Œ๋ด์ค˜.
05:47
It's her language I will learn."
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์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ๊ฒ ๋‹ค."
05:50
And at that moment they shut out all the other languages
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๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๋‚˜์ด์— ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
05:52
that they could be learning at that age,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ธ์–ด๋“ค์„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•˜๊ณ 
05:55
but by three months, that's her.
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3๋‹ฌ ๋™์•ˆ์€ ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง๋งŒ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ฃ .
05:58
And if the person doing it, whether it's the mother
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋“ ,
06:00
or grandmother, whoever's doing it,
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ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋“ , ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋“ 
06:02
that is when the education process begins.
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ 'ํ•™์Šต'์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
That's when language begins.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋•Œ ๋ง์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ ,
06:06
That's when love begins. That's when structure begins.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋•Œ ๊ทœ์œจ์„ ๋ฐฐ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
That's when you start to imprint on the child
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์•„์ดํ•œํ…Œ ๊ฐ์ธ์‹œํ‚ค์ฃ .
06:11
that "you are special,
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"๋„ˆ๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•ด,
06:13
you are different from every other child in the world.
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๋„ˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Š ์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ผ.
06:16
And we're going to read to you."
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๋„ˆํ•œํ…Œ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์–ด์ค„๊ฒŒ."
06:18
A child who has not been read to
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์–ด์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์•„์ด๋Š”
06:20
is in danger when that child gets to school.
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ํ•™๊ต์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๋งŽ์€ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:22
A child who doesn't know his or her colors
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์ƒ‰๊น”์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์•„์ด
06:24
or doesn't know how to tell time, doesn't know how to tie shoes,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ฝ์„ ์ค„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ ๋ฐœ ๋ˆ์„ ๋งฌ ์ค„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
06:27
doesn't know how to do those things,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ 
06:29
and doesn't know how to do something that
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์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…๋˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„
06:32
goes by a word that was drilled into me as a kid: mind.
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ํ•ด๋‚ผ ์ค„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์•„์ด.
06:34
Mind your manners! Mind your adults! Mind what you're saying!
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ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•ด! ์–ด๋ฅธ๋“ค ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•ด! ๋„ค๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง์„ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•ด!
06:38
This is the way children are raised properly.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
And I watched my own young grandchildren now come along
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์ €๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ €์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์†์ž๋“ค์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
06:45
and they're, much to the distress of my children,
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์ œ ์ž์‹๋“คํ•œํ…Œ๋Š” ํž˜๋“  ์ผ์ด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
06:49
they are acting just like we did. You know? You imprint them.
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์ €์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ–ˆ๋˜๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ฃ ? ์†์ž๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ๊ฐ์ธ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:53
And that's what you have to do to prepare children for education and for school.
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๊ต์œก๊ณผ ํ•™๊ต์— ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์• ๋“ค์„ ์ค€๋น„์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
And I'm working at all the energy I have
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ 
07:01
to sort of communicate this message that
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์˜จํž˜์„ ๋‹คํ•ด ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
07:03
we need preschool, we need Head Start,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋น„ ํ•™๊ต๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ , ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๊ต์œก์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ ,
07:07
we need prenatal care.
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ํƒœ์•„์‹œ์ ˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
The education process begins even before the child is born,
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๊ต์œก ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋„ ์ „์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
and if you don't do that, you're going to have difficulty.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ์ƒ๊ธธ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
And we are having difficulties in so many of our communities
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณณ์—์„œ
07:19
and so many of our schools where kids are coming
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
07:22
to first grade and their eyes are blazing,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ•™๊ต์— ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด 1ํ•™๋…„์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ณ  ์•„์ด๋“ค์˜ ๋ˆˆ์€ ์ด๊ธ€๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:24
they've got their little knapsack on and they're ready to go,
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์ž‘์€ ๋ฐฐ๋‚ญ์„ ๋ฉ”๊ณ  ํ•™๊ต ๊ฐˆ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
07:28
and then they realize they're not like the other first graders
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ฑ…์„ ์•Œ๊ณ , ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์–ด์คฌ๊ณ 
07:31
who know books, have been read to, can do their alphabet.
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์•ŒํŒŒ๋ฒณ์„ ์•„๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊นจ๋‹ซ์ฃ .
07:36
And by the third grade, the kids who didn't have
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์ฒ˜์Œ์— ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ทœ์œจ๊ณผ ์กฐ์‹ฌ์„ฑ์ด
07:38
that structure and minding in the beginning
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์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ 3ํ•™๋…„์ด ๋˜์–ด์„œ
07:43
start to realize they're behind, and what do they do?
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์ž๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋’ค์ฒ˜์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
07:45
They act it out. They act it out, and they're on their way
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๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด์ฃ . ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
07:48
to jail or they're on their way to being dropouts.
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์ค‘ํ‡ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธธ๋กœ ์ ‘์–ด๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:51
It's predictable.
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์˜ˆ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:53
If you're not at the right reading level at third grade,
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3ํ•™๋…„๋•Œ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฝ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด,
07:56
you are a candidate for jail at age 18,
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18์‚ด์ด ๋˜์–ด์„œ ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ๊ฐˆ ํ›„๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
and we have the highest incarceration rate
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ์œจ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
08:02
because we're not getting our kids the proper start in life.
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์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์‚ถ์—์„œ ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
The last chapter in my book is called
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์“ด ์ฑ…์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์žฅ์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
"The Gift of a Good Start."
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"์ข‹์€ ์ถœ๋ฐœ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์„ ๋ฌผ."
08:10
The gift of a good start. Every child ought to have a good start in life.
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์ข‹์€ ์ถœ๋ฐœ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์„ ๋ฌผ. ๋ชจ๋“  ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์‚ถ์—์„œ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
I was privileged to have that kind of good start.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์‹œ์ž‘์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
I was not a great student.
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์ €๋Š” ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
08:18
I was a public school kid in New York City,
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์ €๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์‹œ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๋ฆฝํ•™๊ต์— ๋‹ค๋…”๋Š”๋ฐ
08:21
and I didn't do well at all.
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์„ฑ์ ์ด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
08:24
I have my entire New York City Board of Education transcript
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์ €๋Š” ์œ ์น˜์›๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊นŒ์ง€
08:28
from kindergarten through college.
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๋‰ด์š•์‹œ ๊ต์œกํ˜‘ํšŒ ์„ฑ์ ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
08:30
I wanted it when I was writing my first book.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ ์งธ ์ฑ…์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์„ฑ์ ํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
08:32
I wanted to see if my memory was correct,
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์ œ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋ ฅ์ด ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”,
08:34
and, my God, it was. (Laughter)
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ, ๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ, ์ œ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋ ฅ์ด ๋งž์•˜์–ด์š”. (์›ƒ์Œ)
08:38
Straight C everywhere.
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์–ด๋Š ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ชฝ๋•… C ์˜€์–ด์š”.
08:40
And I finally bounced through high school,
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์ €๋Š” ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•ด์„œ
08:43
got into the City College of New York
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๋‰ด์š•์‹œ๋ฆฝ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:45
with a 78.3 average, which I shouldn't have been allowed in with,
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ํ‰๊ท ์ด 78.3์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ๊ฑด ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉ์ด ์•ˆ ๋์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ฑ์ ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
08:49
and then I started out in engineering,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ์ €๋Š” ๊ณตํ•™์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์–ด์š”.
08:51
and that only lasted six months. (Laughter)
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ 6๊ฐœ์›”๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
08:54
And then I went into geology, "rocks for jocks." This is easy.
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—” ์ง€์งˆํ•™์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒผ์–ด์š”. "์ง€์งˆํ•™ ์ž…๋ฌธ ๊ฐ•์ขŒ." ์‰ฝ์ฃ .
08:58
And then I found ROTC.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ROTC๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
09:00
I found something that I did well and something that I loved doing,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ์€๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
09:04
and I found a group of youngsters like me who felt the same way.
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์ €์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๋„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
09:08
And so my whole life then was dedicated to ROTC and the military.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ๋•Œ ์ €์˜ ์˜จ์‚ถ์„ ROTC์™€ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์— ๋ฐ”์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
And I say to young kids everywhere, as you're growing up
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์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋””๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋“  ์ Š์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด์š”.
09:14
and as this structure is being developed inside of you,
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์ปค๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๊ทœ์œจ์ด ๊ณ„๋ฐœ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:17
always be looking for that which you do well and that which you love doing,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ž˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
09:20
and when you find those two things together, man, you got it.
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ•ฉ์ณ์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
09:23
That's what's going on. And that's what I found.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ์€ ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
09:25
Now the authorities at CCNY were getting tired of me being there.
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์ด์ œ ๋‰ด์š•์‹œ๋ฆฝ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๋‹น๊ตญ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ณ„์† ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์ง€์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
I'd been there four and a half going on five years,
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์ €๋Š” 4๋…„๋ฐ˜์ด ๋„˜์–ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ 5๋…„์งธ ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
09:30
and my grades were not doing particularly well,
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์ œ ์„ฑ์ ์€ ์ฉ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
09:34
and I was in occasional difficulties with the administration.
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๋•Œ๋กœ ํ–‰์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
09:37
And so they said, "But he does so well in ROTC.
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ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€์„œ์—์„œ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ, "ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Š” ROTC์—์„œ ์ž˜ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด.
09:40
Look, he gets straight A's in that but not in anything else."
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๋ด, ROTC๋Š” ์ค„๊ณง A๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์€ ๋ชปํ•ด."
09:44
And so they said, "Look, let's take his ROTC grades
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ . "๋ด์š”, ROTC ์„ฑ์ ์„
09:48
and roll them into his overall GPA and see what happens."
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์ „์ฒด ํ‰์ ์— ๋„ฃ์–ด๋ณด์ฃ . ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค."
09:52
And they did, and it brought me up to 2.0. (Laughter)
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ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€์„œ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ์ œ ํ‰์ ์ด 2.0์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
09:58
Yep. (Laughter) (Applause)
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๋„ต. (์›ƒ์Œ) (์†๋ผ‰)
10:02
They said, "It's good enough for government work.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ . "์ •๋ถ€ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์„ฑ์ ์ด์•ผ.
10:05
Give him to the army. We'll never see him again. We'll never see him again."
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด. ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ๋ชป ๋ณด๋„๋ก. ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ ๋ณด๋„๋ก."
10:09
So they shipped me off to the army,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ €๋ฅผ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
and lo and behold, many years later,
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์ž ์ด๊ฒƒ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ๋ช‡ ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜์„œ
10:14
I'm considered one of the greatest sons the City College of New York has ever had. (Laughter)
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์ €๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์‹œ๋ฆฝ๋Œ€ํ•™์ด ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์•„๋“ค ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๊ผฝํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
So, I tell young people everywhere,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋””๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋“  ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ์ €๋Š” ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜์ฃ .
10:22
it ain't where you start in life, it's what you do with life
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ์–ด๋””์„œ ๋๋‚ผ์ง€ ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์‚ถ์„ ์–ด๋””์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋Š๋ƒ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
10:26
that determines where you end up in life,
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์‚ถ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๋Š๋ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
and you are blessed to be living in a country that,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์‚ถ์„ ์–ด๋””์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด
10:32
no matter where you start, you have opportunities
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์ž๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ
10:35
so long as you believe in yourself,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ถ•๋ณต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
you believe in the society and the country,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์™€ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ๊ณ 
10:41
and you believe that you can self-improve
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฏฟ๊ณ 
10:44
and educate yourself as you go along.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
And that's the key to success.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ๊ณต์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์—ด์‡ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
But it begins with the gift of a good start.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์„ฑ๊ณต์€ ์ข‹์€ ์‹œ์ž‘์ด๋ž€ ์„ ๋ฌผ์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:52
If we don't give that gift to each and every one of our kids,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์„ ๋ฌผ์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๋“ค ํ•˜๋‚˜ํ•˜๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
10:55
if we don't invest at the earliest age,
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์กฐ๊ธˆ์ด๋ผ๋„ ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ํˆฌ์žํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด,
10:58
we're going to be running into difficulties.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํž˜๋“  ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋ถ€๋”ชํž ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
It's why we have a dropout rate of roughly 25 percent overall
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ถฉ 25 %์˜ ์ค‘ํ‡ด์œจ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ 
11:05
and almost 50 percent of our minority population
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๊ฑฐ์˜ 50 %์˜ ์†Œ์ˆ˜ ๋ฏผ์กฑ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€
11:08
living in low-income areas,
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๋‚ฎ์€ ์ž„๊ธˆ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:12
because they're not getting the gift of a good start.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ข‹์€ ์ถœ๋ฐœ์ด๋ž€ ์„ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
11:14
My gift of a good start was not only being in a nice family,
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์ €ํ•œํ…Œ ์ข‹์€ ์ถœ๋ฐœ์ด๋ž€ ์„ ๋ฌผ์€ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
11:18
a good family, but having a family that said to me,
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ, ์ €ํ•œํ…Œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
11:22
"Now listen, we came to this country in banana boats
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"์ž˜ ๋“ค์–ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‚˜๋‚˜ ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ์— ์™”์–ด
11:26
in 1920 and 1924.
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1920๋…„๊ณผ 1924๋…„ ์ด์—ˆ์ง€.
11:29
We worked like dogs down in the garment industry every single day.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ด‰์ œ ๊ณต์žฅ์—์„œ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋„ ๋นผ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ–ˆ์–ด.
11:33
We're not doing it so that you can stick something up your nose
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๋„ค๊ฐ€ ์“ธ๋ฐ์—†์ด ๋‚จ์˜ ์ผ์— ์ฐธ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
11:37
or get in trouble. And don't even think about dropping out."
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋ผ๊ณ  ์ผํ•œ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ์•ผ. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ค‘ํ‡ด๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งˆ.
11:41
If I had ever gone home and told those immigrant people
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๋งŒ์•ฝ์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ์ด๋ฏผ์˜จ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“คํ•œํ…Œ
11:44
that, "You know, I'm tired of school and I'm dropping out,"
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"์ €๊ธฐ์š”, ์ €๋Š” ํ•™๊ต๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธ‹์ง€๊ธ‹ํ•ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘˜๊ฑฐ์—์š”." ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:47
they'd said, "We're dropping you out. We'll get another kid."
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๊ทธ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–˜๊ธฐํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆด๊ฑฐ์•ผ. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์• ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋‘˜๊ฑฐ์•ผ."
11:50
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
11:56
They had expectations for all of the cousins
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ์šฐ์Šค ๋ธŒ๋กฑํฌ์Šค(South Bronx)์— ์‚ด๋˜
11:58
and the extended family of immigrants that lived in the South Bronx,
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์ด์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌ์ดŒ๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
12:02
but they had more than just expectations for us.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋งŒ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:05
They stuck into our hearts like a dagger
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์Šด์— ๋น„์ˆ˜๋กœ ๊ฝ‚ํ˜”์ฃ .
12:09
a sense of shame: "Don't you shame this family."
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๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์›€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: "์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€ ๋งˆ๋ผ."
12:14
Sometimes I would get in trouble,
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์ €๋Š” ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
12:16
and my parents were coming home,
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์ด ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค์‹œ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
12:17
and I was in my room waiting for what's going to happen,
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์ €๋Š” ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์งˆ์ง€ ์ œ๋ฐฉ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
12:21
and I would sit there saying to myself, "Okay, look,
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๋ฐฉ์— ์•‰์•„ ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ์ค‘์–ผ๊ฑฐ๋ ธ์ฃ . "๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„.
12:23
take the belt and hit me, but, God, don't give me that 'shame the family' bit again."
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ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ๋ ๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด์„œ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋•Œ๋ฆฌ์„ธ์š”, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๋ฐœ '๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
12:28
It devastated me when my mother did that to me.
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ป˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์”€์„ ํ•˜์…จ์„ ๋•Œ ์ €๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:31
And I also had this extended network.
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์ €๋Š” ๋˜ ๋„“์€ ์ธ๋งฅ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
12:33
Children need a network. Children need to be part of a tribe,
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์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์ธ๋งฅ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ถ€์กฑ์˜ ์ผ์›์ด ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ฃ .
12:36
a family, a community.
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๊ฐ€์กฑ, ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ์ผ์›์ด ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
In my case it was aunts who lived in all of these tenement buildings.
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์ œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—” ๊ณต๋™ ์ฃผํƒ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์— ์‚ด๋˜ ์•„์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
12:42
I don't know how many of you are New Yorkers,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ๋ช‡๋ถ„์ด ๋‰ด์š•์— ์‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
12:44
but there were these tenement buildings,
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๋‰ด์š•์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณต๋™ ์ฃผํƒ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
and these women were always hanging out one of the windows,
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์•„์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋“ค์€ ๋ฒ ๊ฐœ์— ๊ธฐ๋Œ„ ์ฑ„
12:49
leaning on a pillow.
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์ฐฝ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
12:51
They never left. (Laughter)
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์•„์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋“ค์€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์ฐฝํ‹€์„ ๋– ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. (์›ƒ์Œ)
12:53
I, so help me God, I grew up walking those streets,
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์ €๋Š”, ์‹ ์ด์—ฌ ๋„์™€์ฃผ์„ธ์š”, ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ์ž๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:56
and they were always there.
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์•„์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋“ค์€ ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ๊ณ„์…จ์ฃ .
12:58
They never went to the bathroom. They never cooked. (Laughter)
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์•„์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋“ค์€ ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค๋„ ์•ˆ ๊ฐ”์–ด์š”. ์š”๋ฆฌ๋„ ์•ˆ ํ–ˆ์ฃ . (์›ƒ์Œ)
13:01
They never did anything.
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์•„์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋“ค์€ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•ˆ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
13:03
But what they did was keep us in play.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋“ค์ด ํ•œ ์ผ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋†€๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๋ฒ„๋ ค๋‘”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
13:06
They kept us in play.
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์•„์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋†€๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
13:08
And they didn't care
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์•„์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋“ค์€
13:11
whether you became a doctor or a lawyer or a general,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ฑด, ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ฑด, ์žฅ๊ตฐ์ด ๋˜๊ฑด ์ƒ๊ด€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
13:15
and they never expected any generals in the family,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง‘์•ˆ์—์„œ ์žฅ๊ตฐ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
13:18
as long as you got an education and then you got a job.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์กธ์—…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
"Don't give us any of that self-actualization stuff.
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"์ž์•„ ์‹คํ˜„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง‘์–ด์น˜์›Œ.
13:24
You get a job and get out of the house.
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์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•ด์„œ ์ง‘์„ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€.
13:27
We don't have time to waste for that.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์•„ ์‹คํ˜„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด.
13:30
And then you can support us. That's the role of you guys."
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๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ๋„์™€์•ผ์ง€. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋„ˆ๋„ค๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์ด์•ผ."
13:33
And so, it's so essential that we kind of put this culture
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์กฑ,
13:39
back into our families, all families.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ผญ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:43
And it is so important that all of you here today
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ด๊ณณ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€
13:46
who are successful people,
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์„ฑ๊ณตํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด๊ณ ,
13:49
and I'm sure have wonderful families and children and grandchildren,
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ, ์•„์ด๋“ค, ์†์ž ์†๋…€๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ
13:53
it's not enough. You've got to reach out and back
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ๋กœ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€
13:55
and find kids like Mr. Cruz
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ํฌ๋ฃจ์ฆˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
who can make it if you give them the structure,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทœ์œจ์„ ์คฌ์„ ๋•Œ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
14:01
if you reach back and help, if you mentor,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋Œ์ด์ผœ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋„์™€์ฃผ๋ฉด, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋ฉด,
14:03
if you invest in boys and girls clubs,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋‚จํ•™์ƒ ํด๋Ÿฝ๊ณผ ์—ฌํ•™์ƒ ํด๋Ÿฝ์— ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด,
14:06
if you work with your school system,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ•™๊ต ์ฒด์ œ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉด,
14:07
make sure it's the best school system,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ํ•™๊ต ์ฒด์ œ์ž„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ,
14:09
and not just your kid's school, but the school uptown in Harlem,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ํ• ๋ ˜ ์™ธ๊ณฝ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต,
14:14
not just downtown Montessori on the West Side.
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์›จ์ŠคํŠธ ์‚ฌ์ด๋“œ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๋‚ด์ชฝ ๋ชฌํ…Œ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•™๊ต๋“ค.
14:16
All of us have to have a commitment to do that.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:21
And we're not just investing in the kids.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ์ € ์•„์ด๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:23
We're investing in our future.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
14:25
We're going to be a minority-majority country
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ํ•œ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋งŒ ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
14:28
in one more generation.
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์†Œ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:30
Those that we call minorities now are going to be the majority.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์†Œ์ˆ˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
14:33
And we have to make sure that they are ready to be the majority.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋„๋ก ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:36
We have to make sure they're ready to be the leaders
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ
14:38
of this great country of ours,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ์ง€๋„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:41
a country that is like no other,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ
14:45
a country that amazes me every single day,
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์ €๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋„ ๋นผ์ง€์•Š๊ณ  ๋†€๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ
14:46
a country that's fractious. We're always arguing with each other.
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ํˆฌ๋œ๋Œ€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋Š˜ ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:49
That's how the system's supposed to work.
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์ด์ฃ .
14:52
It's a country of such contrasts, but it's a nation of nations.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋Œ€์กฐ์ ์ธ ๋‚˜๋ผ, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฏผ์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๋‚˜๋ผ.
14:56
We touch every nation. Every nation touches us.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฏผ์กฑ๊ณผ ์ ‘์ด‰ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฏผ์กฑ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ ‘์ด‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:00
We are a nation of immigrants.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏผ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋‚˜๋ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:01
That's why we need sound immigration policy.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์— ์ •๋‹นํ•œ ์ด๋ฏผ ์ •์ฑ…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ฃ .
15:04
It's ridiculous not to have a sound immigration policy
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์ด๊ณณ์— ์™€์„œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ผ์›์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š”
15:08
to welcome those who want to come here and be part of this great nation,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งž์ดํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ •๋‹นํ•œ ์ด๋ฏผ ์ •์ฑ…์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ ๋ผ์ฃ .
15:11
or we can send back home with an education
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ž๊ธฐ ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋‚œ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
15:13
to help their people rise up out of poverty.
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๊ต์œก์„ ์‹œ์ผœ์„œ ๋Œ๋ ค๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:16
One of the great stories I love to tell is about my love
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
15:20
of going to my hometown of New York
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ์ธ ๋‰ด์š•์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
15:21
and walking up Park Avenue on a beautiful day
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๋‚ ์”จ ์ข‹์€ ๋‚  ํŒŒํฌ ์• ๋ธŒ๋‰ด๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ
15:23
and admiring everything and seeing all the people go by
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๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐํƒ„ํ•˜๊ณ 
15:26
from all over the world.
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์˜จ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ตฌ๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ฃ .
15:27
But what I always have to do is stop at one of the corners
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์ €๋Š” ๋Š˜ ๊ธธ๋ชจํ‰์ด์— ๋ฉˆ์ถฐ์„œ
15:31
and get a hot dog from the immigrant pushcart peddler.
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์ด๋ฏผ์ž๊ฐ€ ์†์ˆ˜๋ ˆ์—์„œ ํŒŒ๋Š” ํ•ซ๋„๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:34
Gotta have a dirty water dog. (Laughter)
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์ง€์ €๋ถ„ํ•œ ํ•ซ๋„๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๊ผญ ์‚ฌ์•ผ ๋ผ์š”. (์›ƒ์Œ)
15:37
And no matter where I am or what I'm doing,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๊ฑด, ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑด ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์–ด์š”.
15:40
I've got to do that.
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ํ•ซ๋„๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์•ผ ๋ผ์š”.
15:42
I even did it when I was Secretary of State.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ตญ๋ฌด์žฅ๊ด€์ผ๋•Œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜€์–ด์š”.
15:44
I'd come out of my suite at the Waldorf Astoria
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์›”๋„ํ”„ ์•„์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ์•„ ํ˜ธํ…”์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œ ๋ฐฉ์„ ๋‚˜์™€์„œ
15:47
โ€” (Laughter)ย โ€”
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
15:50
be walking up the street, and I would hit around 55th Street
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€์„œ 55๋ฒˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์ฃ .
15:54
looking for the immigrant pushcart peddler.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ด๋ฏผ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋„๋Š” ์†์ˆ˜๋ ˆ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„์š”.
15:56
In those days, I had five bodyguards around me
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ˜ธ์› 5๋ช…์ด ์ €๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
15:58
and three New York City police cars would roll alongside
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๋˜ ๋‰ด์š•์‹œ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ฐจ 3๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:01
to make sure nobody whacked me while I was going up Park Avenue. (Laughter)
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ํŒŒํฌ ์• ๋ธŒ๋‰ด๋ฅผ ๊ฑท๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์ €๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
16:06
And I would order the hot dog from the guy,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ฏผ์žํ•œํ…Œ ํ•ซ๋„๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ•˜์ฃ .
16:07
and he'd start to fix it, and then he'd look around
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ•ซ๋„๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋ณด๋ฉด
16:10
at the bodyguards and the police cars --
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๋‘˜๋ ˆ์—” ๊ฒฝํ˜ธ์›๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ฐจ๋“ค์ด ๊น”๋ ค์žˆ์ฃ .
16:12
"I've got a green card! I've got a green card!" (Laughter)
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"์ €๋Š” ์˜์ฃผ๊ถŒ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”! ์ €๋Š” ์˜์ฃผ๊ถŒ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ตฌ์š”!" (์›ƒ์Œ)
16:14
"It's okay, it's okay."
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"๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”."
16:18
But now I'm alone. I'm alone.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ €๋Š” ํ˜ผ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜ผ์ž์—์š”.
16:20
I've got no bodyguards, I've got no police cars. I've got nothing.
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๊ฒฝํ˜ธ์›๋„ ์—†๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ฐจ๋„ ์—†์ฃ . ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์—†์–ด์š”.
16:23
But I gotta have my hot dog.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•ซ๋„๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:26
I did it just last week. It was on a Tuesday evening
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์ง€๋‚œ ์ฃผ์— ์ €๋Š” ํ•ซ๋„๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ƒ€์–ด์š”. ํ™”์š”์ผ ์ €๋…
16:30
down by Columbus Circle.
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์ฝœ๋กฌ๋ถ€์Šค ์„œํด์—์„œ ์ข€ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ„ ๊ณณ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
16:32
And the scene repeats itself so often.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์žฅ๋ฉด์ด ๋˜ํ’€์ด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:35
I'll go up and ask for my hot dog,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์„œ ํ•ซ๋„๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ•˜๋ฉด,
16:38
and the guy will fix it, and as he's finishing,
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ํ•ซ๋„๊ทธ ์žฅ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ํ•ซ๋„๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ๋ฉด์„œ
16:41
he'll say, "I know you. I see you on television.
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๋งํ•˜์ฃ , "์ €๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์•Œ์•„์š”. ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ ผ์—์„œ ๋ดค์–ด์š”.
16:43
You're, well, you're General Powell."
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๋‹น์‹ ์€, ์ €๊ธฐ, ํŒŒ์›ฐ ์žฅ๊ตฐ์ด์ฃ ."
16:45
"Yes, yes.""Oh ... "
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"์˜ˆ, ์˜ˆ." "์•„...."
16:48
I hand him the money.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ์‚ฌ๋žŒํ•œํ…Œ ๋ˆ์„ ๊ฑด๋„ค์ง€์š”.
16:49
"No, General. You can't pay me. I've been paid.
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"์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”, ์žฅ๊ตฐ๋‹˜. ์•ˆ ์ฃผ์…”๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋ณด์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์–ด์š”.
16:54
America has paid me. I never forget where I came from.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ์ €ํ•œํ…Œ ๋ณด์ƒํ–ˆ์ฃ . ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์„œ ์™”๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์žŠ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:58
But now I'm an American. Sir, thank you."
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ €๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฅ๊ตฐ๋‹˜, ๊ณ ๋ง™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
17:01
I accept the generosity, continue up the street,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ถ„์˜ ๋„ˆ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์›€์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๊ณ  ๊ธธ์„ ๊ณ„์† ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฑท์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:03
and it washes over me, my God,
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๊ฐ๋™์ด ์ €๋ฅผ ํœฉ์“ธ์ฃ . ์‹ ์ด์—ฌ,
17:05
it's the same country that greeted my parents this way 90 years ago.
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90๋…„ ์ „ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์„ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งž์•„์คฌ๋˜ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:09
So we are still that magnificent country,
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์•„์ง๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ์ด๊ณ ,
17:12
but we are fueled by young people coming up
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์ด
17:14
from every land in the world,
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๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
17:17
and it is our obligation as contributing citizens
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์–ด๋–ค ์•„์ด๋„ ๋’ค์ฒ˜์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
17:21
to this wonderful country of ours
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—
17:23
to make sure that no child gets left behind.
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๊ณตํ—Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ด ๋˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜๋ฌด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:26
Thank you very much.
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์ •๋ง ๊ณ ๋ง™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:28
(Applause)
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(์†๋ผ‰)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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