Melinda French Gates: What nonprofits can learn from Coca-Cola

320,638 views ・ 2010-10-12

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Haisoo Shin κ²€ν† : Sojeong Chung
00:15
One of my favorite parts
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게이츠 μž¬λ‹¨μ—μ„œ μΌν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
00:17
of my job at the Gates Foundation
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μ œκ°€ μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” 점듀 μ€‘μ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”
00:19
is that I get to travel to the developing world,
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κ°œλ°œλ„μƒκ΅­λ“€μ„ μ—¬ν–‰ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:21
and I do that quite regularly.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ μ •κΈ°μ μœΌλ‘œ λ‹€λ‹ˆλŠ”λ°μš”.
00:23
And when I meet the mothers
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멀리 떨어진 μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ μž₯μ†Œμ—μ„œ
00:25
in so many of these remote places,
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μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆλ“€μ„ λ§Œλ‚˜ 보면
00:27
I'm really struck by the things
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ 점이 λ§Žμ•„μ„œ
00:29
that we have in common.
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정말 λ†€λΌκ³ λŠ” ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:31
They want what we want for our children
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그듀도 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 우리 아이듀을 μœ„ν•΄ μ›ν•˜λŠ” 것을 λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:34
and that is for their children to grow up successful,
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λ°”λ‘œ 아이듀이 μ„±κ³΅μ μœΌλ‘œ μžλΌλŠ” 것,
00:37
to be healthy, and to have a successful life.
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κ±΄κ°•ν•œ 것, 그리고 성곡적인 삢을 μ‚¬λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ§€μš”.
00:40
But I also see lots of poverty,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ €λŠ” μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ κ°€λ‚œ λ˜ν•œ λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:43
and it's quite jarring,
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μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ μ•ˆνƒ€κΉŒμš΄ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:46
both in the scale and the scope of it.
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κ°€λ‚œμ˜ 정도도 μ‹¬ν•˜κ³ , 지역도 λ„“μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:48
My first trip in India, I was in a person's home
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처음 인도에 κ°€μ„œ κ°€μ • 집에 λ°©λ¬Έν–ˆλŠ”λ°,
00:51
where they had dirt floors, no running water,
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λ°”λ‹₯은 흙이고, μˆ˜λ—λ¬Όλ„ μ—†μœΌλ©°,
00:53
no electricity,
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전기도 μ—†μ—ˆμ§€μš”.
00:55
and that's really what I see all over the world.
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μ „ 세계 λͺ¨λ“  κ³³μ—μ„œ λ³Ό 수 μžˆλŠ” κ΄‘κ²½μ΄μ§€μš”.
00:58
So in short, I'm startled by all the things
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ν•œ λ§ˆλ””λ‘œ, κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ—†λŠ” 것듀을 보며
01:01
that they don't have.
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λ†€λΌκ³ λŠ” ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
But I am surprised by one thing that they do have:
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έλ“€ λͺ¨λ‘μ—κ²Œ μžˆλŠ” ν•œ 가지 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—λ„ λ†€λΌλŠ”λ°,
01:08
Coca-Cola.
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λ°”λ‘œ μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:10
Coke is everywhere.
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μ½œλΌλŠ” μ–΄λ””λ₯Ό κ°€λ‚˜ μžˆμ§€μš”.
01:12
In fact, when I travel to the developing world,
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κ°œλ°œλ„μƒκ΅­μ„ λ‹€λ‹ˆλ‹€ 보면
01:14
Coke feels ubiquitous.
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μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌλŠ” μ–΄λ””μ—λ‚˜ μžˆλŠ” μ•„μ£Ό ν”ν•œ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λŠκ»΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:16
And so when I come back from these trips,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 여행이 λλ‚˜κ³  μ˜€λ©΄μ„œ
01:18
and I'm thinking about development,
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κ°œλ°œμ— λŒ€ν•΄ 생각을 ν•  λ•Œ,
01:20
and I'm flying home and I'm thinking,
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μ§‘μœΌλ‘œ μ˜€λŠ” λΉ„ν–‰κΈ° μ•ˆμ—μ„œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ 생각을 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:22
"We're trying to deliver condoms to people or vaccinations,"
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"μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ½˜λ”μ΄λ‚˜ 백신을 κ°œλ°œλ„μƒκ΅­ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ „λ‹¬ν•˜λ €κ³  λ…Έλ ₯ 쀑이야."
01:25
you know, Coke's success kind of stops and makes you wonder:
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κ·Έλ•Œ μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌμ˜ 성곡이 κΆκΈˆν•΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:28
how is it that they can get Coke
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μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌλŠ” λ„λŒ€μ²΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ
01:30
to these far-flung places?
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ 널리 νΌμ ΈμžˆλŠ” κ±ΈκΉŒμš”?
01:32
If they can do that,
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μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌκ°€ ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄,
01:34
why can't governments and NGOs do the same thing?
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정뢀와 NGOλŠ” μ™œ λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” κ±ΈκΉŒμš”?
01:37
And I'm not the first person to ask this question.
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이런 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ ν•œ 것은 μ œκ°€ 처음이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:40
But I think, as a community,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 아직 우리 μ‚¬νšŒλŠ”
01:42
we still have a lot to learn.
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배울 것이 많이 μžˆλŠ” 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:45
It's staggering, if you think about Coca-Cola.
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μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌλ₯Ό 생각해보면 κ²½μ΄μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:47
They sell 1.5 billion servings
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15μ–΅μΈλΆ„μ˜ 콜라λ₯Ό
01:50
every single day.
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맀일 νŒλ§€ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”.
01:53
That's like every man, woman and child on the planet
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지ꡬ μƒμ˜ λͺ¨λ“  λ‚¨μž, μ—¬μž, 아이듀이
01:55
having a serving of Coke every week.
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일주일에 μΌμΈλΆ„μ˜ 콜라λ₯Ό λ§ˆμ‹œλŠ” κ±°μ£ .
01:58
So why does this matter?
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이것이 μ™œ μ€‘μš”ν• κΉŒμš”?
02:01
Well, if we're going to speed up the progress
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ°œμ „ 속도λ₯Ό 높이고
02:04
and go even faster
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전세계가 ν•¨κ»˜ μ •ν•œ
02:06
on the set of Millennium Development Goals that we're set as a world,
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λ°€λ ˆλ‹ˆμ—„ 개발 λͺ©ν‘œμ˜ 달성을 더 μ•žλ‹ΉκΈ°λ €λ©΄,
02:09
we need to learn from the innovators,
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ν˜μ‹ μžλ“€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° λ°°μ›Œμ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:11
and those innovators
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그리고 ν˜μ‹ μžλ“€μ€
02:13
come from every single sector.
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λͺ¨λ“  λΆ„μ•Όμ—μ„œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜μ§€μš”.
02:16
I feel that, if we can understand
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제 μƒκ°μ—λŠ”, λ§Œμ•½μ— μš°λ¦¬κ°€
02:18
what makes something like Coca-Cola ubiquitous,
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μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌμ˜ 성곡 비결을 이해할 수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄,
02:21
we can apply those lessons then for the public good.
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κ·Έ κ΅ν›ˆμ„ 곡읡을 μœ„ν•΄μ„œλ„ μ μš©ν•  수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:26
Coke's success is relevant,
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μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌμ˜ 성곡에 μ˜λ―Έκ°€ μžˆλŠ” 것은
02:28
because if we can analyze it, learn from it,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이λ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•˜κ³  λ°°μ›€μœΌλ‘œμ¨,
02:31
then we can save lives.
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생λͺ…을 살릴 수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:33
So that's why I took a bit of time to study Coke.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œκ°€ μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌλ₯Ό 쑰금 연ꡬ해 λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:37
And I think there are really three things
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° 배울 것은
02:39
we can take away from Coca-Cola.
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μ„Έ 가지가 μžˆλŠ” 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:41
They take real-time data
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그듀은 μ‹€μ‹œκ°„ 자료λ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•΄μ„œ
02:43
and immediately feed it back into the product.
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이λ₯Ό μ œν’ˆμ— μ¦‰μ‹œ μ μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:46
They tap into local entrepreneurial talent,
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μ§€μ—­μ˜ 재λŠ₯μžˆλŠ” 사업가λ₯Ό ν™œμš©ν•˜κ³ ,
02:49
and they do incredible marketing.
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그리고 ꡉμž₯ν•œ λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ…μ„ ν•˜μ§€μš”.
02:52
So let's start with the data.
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자료 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ‘œ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜μ§€μš”.
02:55
Now Coke has a very clear bottom line --
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μ½œλΌλŠ” 맀우 λͺ…ν™•ν•œ μˆœμ΅μ„ κ°€μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:57
they report to a set of shareholders, they have to turn a profit.
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μ£Όμ£Ό μ§‘λ‹¨μ—κ²Œ 보고 ν•˜κ³ , 그듀은 이읡을 λ‚΄μ•Όλ§Œ ν•˜μ£ .
03:00
So they take the data,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그듀은 자료λ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•΄μ„œ
03:02
and they use it to measure progress.
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상황을 μΈ‘μ •ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:04
They have this very continuous feedback loop.
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λŠμž„μ—†λŠ” ν”Όλ“œλ°±μ΄ λ°˜λ³΅λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:06
They learn something, they put it back into the product,
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λ­”κ°€λ₯Ό λ°°μ›Œμ„œ, μ œν’ˆμ— μ μš©ν•˜κ³ ,
03:08
they put it back into the market.
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μ‹œμž₯에 이λ₯Ό λ‚΄λ†“μ§€μš”.
03:10
They have a whole team called "Knowledge and Insight."
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"지식과 톡찰"μ΄λΌλŠ” μ΄λ¦„μ˜ νŒ€μ΄ λ”°λ‘œ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:12
It's a lot like other consumer companies.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μ†ŒλΉ„μž¬ νšŒμ‚¬λ“€κ³Ό 맀우 λΉ„μŠ·ν•˜μ§€μš”.
03:14
So if you're running Namibia for Coca-Cola,
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λ§Œμ•½ λ‚˜λ―ΈλΉ„μ•„μ—μ„œ μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌλ₯Ό μš΄μ˜ν•˜κ³ 
03:16
and you have a 107 constituencies,
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107개의 ꡬ역을 κ΄€λ¦¬ν•œλ‹€λ©΄,
03:18
you know where every can versus bottle
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각 κ΅¬μ—­μ—μ„œ μŠ€ν”„λΌμ΄νŠΈ, ν™˜νƒ€, μ½œλΌκ°€
03:21
of Sprite, Fanta or Coke was sold,
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μΊ”κ³Ό 병이 각각 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ νŒ”λ ΈλŠ”μ§€λ„ μ•Œκ³ ,
03:23
whether it was a corner store,
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νŒ”λ¦° 곳은 ꡬ멍 κ°€κ²ŒμΈμ§€ μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄
03:25
a supermarket or a pushcart.
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μˆ˜νΌλ§ˆμΌ“ λ˜λŠ” 길거리인지도 μ•Œμ§€μš”.
03:27
So if sales start to drop,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ νŒλ§€κ°€ κ°μ†Œν•˜λ©΄,
03:29
then the person can identify the problem
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μš΄μ˜μžλŠ” 문제λ₯Ό μ•Œμ•„λ‚΄κ³ 
03:31
and address the issue.
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이에 λŒ€μ‘μ„ ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:34
Let's contrast that for a minute to development.
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μž μ‹œ 개발 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ™€ 비ꡐ해 λ³ΌκΉŒμš”?
03:38
In development, the evaluation comes
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이런 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ—μ„œ ν‰κ°€λŠ”
03:41
at the very end of the project.
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ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈ κ°€μž₯ λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μ— ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:44
I've sat in a lot of those meetings,
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저도 평가 λ―ΈνŒ…μ— 많이 λ“€μ–΄κ°€ λ΄€λŠ”λ°,
03:46
and by then,
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κ·Έλ•ŒλŠ” 이미
03:48
it is way too late to use the data.
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자료λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ°μ—” λ„ˆλ¬΄ λŠ¦μ€ ν›„μ΄μ§€μš”.
03:51
I had somebody from an NGO
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NGOμ—μ„œ μΌν•˜λŠ” μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λžŒμ€ 이λ₯Ό
03:53
once describe it to me as bowling in the dark.
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μ–΄λ‘  μ†μ—μ„œ 볼링을 ν•˜λŠ” 것에 λΉ„μœ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:55
They said, "You roll the ball, you hear some pins go down.
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그듀이 λ§ν•˜κΈΈ "곡을 λ˜μ§€κ³ , 핀이 λ„˜μ–΄μ§€λŠ” μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό λ“£μ§€μš”.
03:58
It's dark, you can't see which one goes down until the lights come on,
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μ–΄λ‘μ›Œμ„œ μ–΄λŠ 핀이 λ„˜μ–΄μ‘ŒλŠ”μ§€λŠ” 뢈이 μΌœμ§„ 이후에 μ•Œ 수 있죠.
04:01
and then you an see your impact."
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κ·Έμ œμ•Ό μžκΈ°κ°€ ν•œ 일이 끼친 영ν–₯을 λ³Ό 수 μžˆμ§€μš”."
04:04
Real-time data
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μ‹€μ‹œκ°„ μžλ£Œκ°€
04:06
turns on the lights.
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λΆˆμ„ μΌœμ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:10
So what's the second thing that Coke's good at?
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μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌκ°€ μž˜ν•˜λŠ” 일 두 λ²ˆμ§ΈλŠ” λ­˜κΉŒμš”?
04:12
They're good at tapping into
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그듀은 μ§€μ—­μ˜ 재λŠ₯μžˆλŠ” 사업가λ₯Ό
04:14
that local entrepreneurial talent.
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잘 μ΄μš©ν•  쀄 μ••λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:16
Coke's been in Africa since 1928,
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μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌκ°€ 아프리카에 μ§„μΆœν•œ 건 1928λ…„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:18
but most of the time they couldn't reach the distant markets,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 지방 μ‹œμž₯μ—λŠ” λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ μ ‘κ·Όν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆμ£ 
04:21
because they had a system that was a lot like in the developed world,
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λ‹Ήμ‹œ μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌμ˜ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ€ μ„ μ§„κ΅­μ—μ„œμ™€ λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ
04:24
which was a large truck rolling down the street.
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λŒ€ν˜• νŠΈλŸ­μ„ μ΄μš©ν•œ μœ ν†΅μ΄μ—ˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
04:27
And in Africa, the remote places,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œ μ§€λ°©μ—λŠ”
04:29
it's hard to find a good road.
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μ œλŒ€λ‘œ 된 λ„λ‘œκ°€ 거의 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:31
But Coke noticed something --
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κ·Έλ•Œ μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌλŠ” λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:33
they noticed that local people were taking the product, buying it in bulk
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지역 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 물건을 λŒ€λŸ‰μœΌλ‘œ κ΅¬λ§€ν•΄μ„œ
04:36
and then reselling it in these hard-to-reach places.
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외진 곳에 μž¬νŒλ§€ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ κ±°μ£ .
04:40
And so they took a bit of time to learn about that.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ–Όλ§ˆ λ™μ•ˆ 이에 κ΄€ν•΄ μ—°κ΅¬ν•œ ν›„
04:42
And they decided in 1990
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1990년에 결정을 λ‚΄λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:44
that they wanted to start training the local entrepreneurs,
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지역 사업가듀을 ν›ˆλ ¨μ‹œν‚€κ³ 
04:46
giving them small loans.
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μ†Œμ•‘ λŒ€μΆœμ„ ν•΄μ£ΌκΈ°λ‘œ ν–ˆμ£ .
04:48
They set them up as what they called micro-distribution centers,
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그듀이 마이크둜 λ°°κΈ‰ μ„Όν„°λΌλŠ” 것을 λ§Œλ“€κ³ 
04:51
and those local entrepreneurs then hire sales people,
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μ˜μ—… 사원듀을 κ³ μš©ν•˜λ©΄,
04:54
who go out with bicycles and pushcarts and wheelbarrows
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μ˜μ—… 사원듀은 μžμ „κ±°μ™€ μ†μˆ˜λ ˆλ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•΄μ„œ
04:57
to sell the product.
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물건을 νŒ”κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:59
There are now some 3,000 of these centers
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이런 μ„Όν„°κ°€ 아프리카에 ν˜„μž¬ 3천 개 정도가 있고
05:01
employing about 15,000 people in Africa.
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μ•½ 만였천 λͺ…을 κ³ μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:05
In Tanzania and Uganda,
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νƒ„μžλ‹ˆμ•„μ™€ μš°κ°„λ‹€μ—μ„œλŠ”
05:07
they represent 90 percent
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이런 μ„Όν„°μΉ΄ μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌ 전체 νŒλ§€λŸ‰μ˜
05:09
of Coke's sales.
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90νΌμ„ΌνŠΈλ₯Ό μ°¨μ§€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:13
Let's look at the development side.
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개발 μͺ½μ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄ λ³ΌκΉŒμš”.
05:15
What is it that governments and NGOs
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정뢀와 NGO듀이 μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„°
05:17
can learn from Coke?
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무엇을 배울 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
05:19
Governments and NGOs
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정뢀와 NGO듀도
05:21
need to tap into that local entrepreneurial talent as well,
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μ§€μ—­μ˜ 재λŠ₯μžˆλŠ” 사업가듀을 ν™œμš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:24
because the locals know how to reach
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그듀은 μ ‘κ·Όν•˜κΈ° νž˜λ“  κ³³κ³Ό κ·Έ 이웃에
05:26
the very hard-to-serve places, their neighbors,
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ ‘κ·Όν•΄μ•Ό 할지 μ•Œκ³  있고,
05:29
and they know what motivates them to make change.
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λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό μΌμœΌν‚¬ 수 μžˆλŠ” 동기 λΆ€μ—¬ 방법을 μ•Œκ±°λ“ μš”.
05:33
I think a great example of this
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이λ₯Ό 보여 μ€€ μ•„μ£Ό 쒋은 μ˜ˆκ°€
05:35
is Ethiopia's new health extension program.
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μ—ν‹°μ˜€ν”Όμ•„μ˜ μƒˆ 보건 μš”μ› ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:38
The government noticed in Ethiopia
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μ •λΆ€λŠ” μ—ν‹°μ˜€ν”Όμ•„μ—μ„œ
05:40
that many of the people were so far away from a health clinic,
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λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ λ³΄κ±΄μ†Œμ—μ„œ λ„ˆλ¬΄ 멀리 λ–¨μ–΄μ Έ μžˆμ–΄μ„œ,
05:43
they were over a day's travel away from a health clinic.
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λ³΄κ±΄μ†ŒκΉŒμ§€ κ°€λŠ”λ° ν•˜λ£¨κ°€ λ„˜κ²Œ κ±Έλ¦°λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œμ•˜μ£ .
05:46
So if you're in an emergency situation -- or if you're a mom about to deliver a baby --
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 응급 μ‚¬νƒœκ°€ μƒκΈ°κ±°λ‚˜ μž„μ‚°λΆ€κ°€ μΆœμ‚°μ„ ν•˜λ € ν•  λ•Œλ„
05:49
forget it, to get to the health care center.
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λ³΄κ±΄μ†Œ μ΄μš©μ€ κΏˆλ„ λͺ» κΏ€ μΌμ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
05:52
They decided that wasn't good enough,
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이 상황이 쒋지 λͺ»ν•˜λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•œ μ •λΆ€λŠ”
05:54
so they went to India and studied the Indian state of Kerala
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인도에 κ°€μ„œ λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ 가지고 μžˆλŠ”
05:56
that also had a system like this,
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μΌ€λž„λΌ 지방을 μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜κ³ 
05:58
and they adapted it for Ethiopia.
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이λ₯Ό μ—ν‹°μ˜€ν”Όμ•„ 싀정에 맞게 μ‘°μ •ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:00
And in 2003, the government of Ethiopia
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그리고 2003λ…„ μ—ν‹°μ˜€ν”Όμ•„ μ •λΆ€λŠ”
06:02
started this new system in their own country.
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이 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:05
They trained 35,000 health extension workers
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이λ₯Ό 톡해 3만5천 λͺ…μ˜ 보건 μš”μ›μ„ μ–‘μ„±ν•˜μ—¬
06:08
to deliver care directly to the people.
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κ΅­λ―Όλ“€μ—κ²Œ 의료λ₯Ό 직접 μ œκ³΅ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:11
In just five years,
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겨우 5λ…„ λ§Œμ—,
06:13
their ratio went from one worker for every 30,000 people
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보건 μš”μ› λ‹Ή κ΅­λ―Ό μˆ˜λŠ” 3만 λͺ…μ—μ„œ
06:17
to one worker for every 2,500 people.
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2천5λ°± λͺ…κΉŒμ§€ μ€„μ–΄λ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:22
Now, think about
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이제 이런 λ³€ν™”κ°€
06:24
how this can change people's lives.
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삢을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ³€ν™”μ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆμ„μ§€ 생각해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
06:27
Health extension workers can help with so many things,
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보건 μš”μ›λ“€μ€ 정말 λ§Žμ€ 도움을 쀄 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:30
whether it's family planning, prenatal care,
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κ°€μ‘± κ³„νšμ΄λ‚˜ νƒœμ•„κΈ° μ‚°λͺ¨ 건강 관리,
06:33
immunizations for the children,
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μ•„μ΄λ“€μ˜ 예방 μ ‘μ’…,
06:35
or advising the woman to get to the facility on time
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ μ‚°λͺ¨λ“€μ΄ μ μ‹œ λΆ„λ§Œμ„ μœ„ν•΄ μ œλ•Œμ— 병원에 갈 수 μžˆλ„λ‘
06:38
for an on-time delivery.
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μ‘°μ–Έν•΄ 쀄 μˆ˜λ„ 있죠.
06:41
That is having real impact
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μ—ν‹°μ˜€ν”Όμ•„ 같은 ꡭ가에
06:43
in a country like Ethiopia,
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큰 효과λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:45
and it's why you see their child mortality numbers
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 아동사망λ₯  μˆ«μžκ°€
06:48
coming down 25 percent
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2000λ…„μ—μ„œ 2008λ…„ 사이에
06:50
from 2000 to 2008.
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25νΌμ„ΌνŠΈ κ°μ†Œν•œ κ²ƒμ΄μ§€μš”.
06:53
In Ethiopia, there are hundreds of thousands of children living
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μ—ν‹°μ˜€ν”Όμ•„μ—μ„  μˆ˜μ‹­λ§Œ λͺ…μ˜ 아이듀이
06:56
because of this health extension worker program.
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이 보건 μš”μ› ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨ 덕에 μ‚΄κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:00
So what's the next step for Ethiopia?
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그럼 μ—ν‹°μ˜€ν”Όμ•„κ°€ λ‹€μŒμ— ν•  일은 λ¬΄μ—‡μΌκΉŒμš”?
07:02
Well, they're already starting talk about this.
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그듀은 이미 이에 λŒ€ν•œ λ…Όμ˜λ₯Ό μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:04
They're starting to talk about, "How do you have the health community workers
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄ 보건 μš”μ›λ“€λ‘œ ν•˜μ—¬κΈˆ
07:07
generate their own ideas?
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μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ 아이디어λ₯Ό λ‚΄κ²Œ ν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒ?
07:09
How do you incent them based on the impact that they're getting
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄ 보건 μš”μ›λ“€μ΄ 외진 λ§ˆμ„μ—μ„œ 그듀이 λ‹¬μ„±ν•œ 영ν–₯에 따라
07:11
out in those remote villages?"
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μΈμ„Όν‹°λΈŒλ₯Ό 쀄 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒ?
07:14
That's how you tap into local entrepreneurial talent
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•΄μ•Ό 지역 μ‚¬μ—…κ°€λ“€μ˜ 재λŠ₯을 ν™œμš©ν•˜κ³ 
07:17
and you unlock people's potential.
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그듀이 잠재λ ₯을 λ°œνœ˜ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:22
The third component of Coke's success
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μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌμ˜ 성곡 μ„Έ 번째 μš”μ†ŒλŠ”
07:24
is marketing.
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λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:26
Ultimately, Coke's success
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ꢁ극적으둜 μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌμ˜ 성곡은
07:28
depends on one crucial fact
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결정적인 ν•œ 가지 사싀에 λ‹¬λ €μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:30
and that is that people want
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λ°”λ‘œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
07:32
a Coca-Cola.
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μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌλ₯Ό μ›ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것이죠.
07:34
Now the reason these micro-entrepreneurs
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마이크둜 사업가듀이 물건을 νŒ”κ³ 
07:36
can sell or make a profit
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이읡을 남길 수 μžˆλŠ” μ΄μœ λŠ”
07:38
is they have to sell every single bottle in their pushcart or their wheelbarrow.
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자기 μˆ˜λ ˆμ— λ‹΄κΈ΄ 콜라λ₯Ό 남김없이 νŒ”μ•„μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:41
So, they rely on Coca-Cola
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κ·Έλ ‡κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—, 그듀은 μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌμ˜
07:44
in terms of its marketing,
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λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ…μ— μ˜μ§€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:46
and what's the secret to their marketing?
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ…μ˜ 비밀은 λ­˜κΉŒμš”?
07:49
Well, it's aspirational.
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λ°”λ‘œ μ—΄λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:51
It is associated that product
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그듀은 자기 μƒν’ˆμ„
07:53
with a kind of life that people want to live.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ›ν•˜λŠ” 삢에 μ—°κ³„μ‹œν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:56
So even though it's a global company,
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μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌλŠ” 세계적인 νšŒμ‚¬μ΄μ§€λ§Œ,
07:58
they take a very local approach.
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맀우 μ§€μ—­μ μœΌλ‘œ 접근을 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:01
Coke's global campaign slogan
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μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌμ˜ κΈ€λ‘œλ²Œ 캠페인 μŠ¬λ‘œκ±΄μ€
08:03
is "Open Happiness."
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"행볡을 μ—¬μ„Έμš”"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:05
But they localize it.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이λ₯Ό μ§€μ—­ν™”ν•΄μ„œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ£ .
08:07
And they don't just guess what makes people happy;
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ ν–‰λ³΅ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” 것이 무엇인지 μΆ”μΈ‘λ§Œ ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ ,
08:09
they go to places like Latin America
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직접 남아메리카 같은 곳에 κ°€μ„œ
08:11
and they realize that happiness there
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κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 행볡이
08:13
is associated with family life.
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κ°€μ‘± μƒν™œκ³Ό μ—°κ³„λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 κΉ¨λ‹«μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:15
And in South Africa,
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그리고 λ‚¨μ•„κ³΅μ—μ„œλŠ”
08:17
they associate happiness
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 행볡을
08:19
with seriti or community respect.
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곡동체 μ‘΄μ€‘μ—μ„œ μ—°μƒν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:23
Now, that played itself out in the World Cup campaign.
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이 점이 μ›”λ“œμ»΅ μΊ νŽ˜μΈμ—μ„œ 잘 λ“œλŸ¬λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:26
Let's listen to this song that Coke created for it,
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μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌκ°€ μ›”λ“œμ»΅ μΊ νŽ˜μΈμ„ μœ„ν•΄ λ§Œλ“  λ…Έλž˜λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ λ³΄μ§€μš”.
08:28
"Wavin' Flag" by a Somali hip hop artist.
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ν•œ μ†Œλ§λ¦¬μ•„ νž™ν•© κ°€μˆ˜μ˜ "κΉƒλ°œμ„ 흔듀며"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:32
(Video) K'Naan: β™« Oh oh oh oh oh o-oh β™«
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β™« 였였였였였였~ β™«
08:35
β™« Oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh β™«
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β™« 였였였였였였였였였였~ β™«
08:39
β™« Oh oh oh oh oh o-oh β™«
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β™« 였였였였였였~ β™«
08:41
β™« Oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh o-oh β™«
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β™« 였였였였였였였였였~ β™«
08:45
β™«Give you freedom, give you fireβ™«
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β™« λ„€κ²Œ 자유λ₯Ό 주어라, λ„€κ²Œ 열정을 주어라 β™«
08:48
β™« Give you reason, take you higher β™«
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β™« λ„€κ²Œ 이성을 주어라, 더 높은 곳으둜 λ„ˆλ₯Ό 데렀가라 β™«
08:51
β™« See the champions take the field now β™«
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β™« 챔피언듀이 κ²½κΈ°λ₯Ό μ§€κΈˆ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λŠ” 것을 보라 β™«
08:54
β™« You define us, make us feel proud β™«
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β™« λ„ˆν¬κ°€ 우리λ₯Ό μ •μ˜ν•˜μ§€, 우리λ₯Ό μžλž‘μŠ€λŸ½κ²Œ ν•΄ 쀘 β™«
08:58
β™« In the streets our heads are lifted β™«
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β™« κ±°λ¦¬μ—λŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 고개λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ β™«
09:01
β™« As we lose our inhibition β™«
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β™« μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ–΅μ œλ₯Ό λ²—μ–΄ 던질 λ•Œ β™«
09:04
β™« Celebration, it's around us β™«
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β™« μΆ•ν•˜κ°€ 우리λ₯Ό λ‘˜λŸ¬μ‹Έμ§€ β™«
09:07
β™« Every nation, all around us β™«
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β™« λͺ¨λ“  κ΅­κ°€κ°€ μš°λ¦¬λ“€ μ£Όμœ„μ— β™«
09:11
Melinda French Gates: It feels pretty good, right?
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κ½€ μ’‹μ§€μš”?
09:13
Well, they didn't stop there --
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μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌλŠ” μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ©ˆμΆ”μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:15
they localized it into 18 different languages.
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이 λ…Έλž˜λ₯Ό 18개의 μ–Έμ–΄λ‘œ λ²ˆμ—­ν–ˆκ³ ,
09:17
And it went number one on the pop chart
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17개 κ΅­κ°€μ˜ 팝 μ°¨νŠΈμ—μ„œ
09:19
in 17 countries.
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1μœ„μ— μ˜¬λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:22
It reminds me of a song that I remember from my childhood,
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어렸을 λ•Œ μ•Œλ˜ λ…Έλž˜κ°€ μƒκ°λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:25
"I'd Like to Teach the World to Sing,"
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"세상에 λ…Έλž˜ν•˜λŠ” 법을 κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€" (71λ…„ μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌ κ΄‘κ³  λ…Έλž˜)
09:28
that also went number one on the pop charts.
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이 λ…Έλž˜λ„ 팝 차트 1μœ„μ— μ˜¬λžμ—ˆμ£ .
09:31
Both songs have something in common:
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두 λ…Έλž˜κ°€ κ°€μ§€λŠ” 곡톡점이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:34
that same appeal
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μΆ•ν•˜μ™€ ν™”ν•©μ΄λΌλŠ”
09:36
of celebration and unity.
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μΆ•ν•˜μ™€ ν™”ν•©μ΄λΌλŠ” 것이죠.
09:40
So how does health and development market?
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그럼 보건과 개발 μͺ½μ€ μ–΄λ–€ λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ…μ„ ν• κΉŒμš”?
09:43
Well, it's based on avoidance,
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μ΄λ“€μ˜ λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ…μ€ 열망이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ,
09:46
not aspirations.
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νšŒν”Όμ— κΈ°λ°˜μ„ 두고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:48
I'm sure you've heard some of these messages.
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이런 λ©”μ‹œμ§€λ“€μ„ 듀어보셨을 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:50
"Use a condom, don't get AIDS."
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"μ½˜λ”μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄ μ—μ΄μ¦ˆμ— 걸리지 μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€."
09:53
"Wash you hands, you might not get diarrhea."
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"손을 μ”»μœΌλ©΄, 섀사에 걸리지 μ•Šμ„ 수 μžˆλ‹€."
09:56
It doesn't sound anything like "Wavin' Flag" to me.
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"κΉƒλ°œμ„ 흔듀며"μ™€λŠ” 맀우 λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ 듀리죠.
10:01
And I think we make a fundamental mistake --
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제 생각에 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 근본적인 μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:03
we make an assumption,
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ν•œ 가지 가정을 ν•˜κ³  있죠.
10:05
that we think that, if people need something,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ λ­”κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€λ©΄,
10:07
we don't have to make them want that.
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이λ₯Ό μ›ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€ ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ£ .
10:10
And I think that's a mistake.
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제 생각에 그것은 μ‹€μˆ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:12
And there's some indications around the world that this is starting to change.
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여기에 λ³€ν™”κ°€ 였고 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 쑰짐이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:15
One example is sanitation.
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ν•œ 예둜 μœ„μƒ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:18
We know that a million and a half children
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 일년에 150만λͺ…μ˜ 어린이듀이
10:20
die a year from diarrhea
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μ„€μ‚¬λ‘œ μ£½λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:22
and a lot of it is because of open defecation.
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λ§Žμ€ 경우 노상배변이 μ›μΈμ΄μ§€μš”.
10:25
But there's a solution: you build a toilet.
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해결책이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν™”μž₯싀을 μ§€μœΌλ©΄ 되죠.
10:28
But what we're finding around the world, over and over again,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 전세계λ₯Ό λŒλ©΄μ„œ λ°˜λ³΅ν•΄μ„œ κΉ¨λ‹«κ²Œ λ˜λŠ” 사싀은
10:31
is, if you build a toilet and you leave it there,
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ν™”μž₯싀을 짓고 κ·Έλƒ₯ 두면
10:34
it doesn't get used.
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μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:36
People reuse it for a slab for their home.
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λŒ€μ‹  자기 집을 μœ„ν•œ 슬래브둜 μž¬μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ£ .
10:38
They sometimes store grain in it.
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ν™”μž₯싀에 곑물을 μ €μž₯ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•˜κ³ ,
10:40
I've even seen it used for a chicken coop.
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μ‹¬μ§€μ–΄λŠ” λ‹­μž₯으둜 μ“°λŠ” κ²½μš°λ„ λ΄€μ–΄μš”.
10:42
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
10:44
But what does marketing really entail
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ…μ΄ 무슨 수둜
10:46
that would make a sanitation solution get a result in diarrhea?
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μœ„μƒ λŒ€μ±…μ΄ 섀사 문제λ₯Ό κ°œμ„ ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
10:49
Well, you work with the community.
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λ§ˆμ„ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ λ§Œλ‚˜μ„œ
10:51
You start to talk to them about why open defecation
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μ™œ 노상배변을 ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ•ˆλ˜λŠ”μ§€
10:53
is something that shouldn't be done in the village,
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μ„€λͺ…을 ν•΄ 보면
10:55
and they agree to that.
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λͺ¨λ‘ λ™μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:57
But then you take the toilet and you position it
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ λ‹€μŒμ— ν™”μž₯싀을
11:00
as a modern, trendy convenience.
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ν˜„λŒ€μ μ΄κ³  μœ ν–‰μΈ 편의 μ‹œμ„€λ‘œ μ†Œκ°œν•˜λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
11:03
One state in Northern India has gone so far
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뢁뢀 μΈλ„μ˜ ν•œ 지역은, 이런 인식이 λ„ˆλ¬΄ κ°•ν•΄μ Έμ„œ
11:05
as to link toilets to courtship.
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ν™”μž₯싀을 ꡬ애와 μ—°κ³„ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:08
And it works -- look at these headlines.
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그리고 이것은 νš¨κ³Όκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이 μ‹ λ¬Έ 제λͺ©λ“€μ„ λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
11:11
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
11:15
I'm not kidding.
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농담이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—μš”.
11:17
Women are refusing to marry men without toilets.
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μ—¬μžλ“€μ€ ν™”μž₯싀이 μ—†λŠ” λ‚¨μžμ™€ κ²°ν˜Όν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ € ν•˜μ£ .
11:19
No loo, no "I do."
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ν™”μž₯μ‹€ 없인 κ²°ν˜Όλ„ μ—†λ‹€.(청혼 ν—ˆλ½μ΄λ‚˜ 결혼 μ„œμ•½μ—μ„œ "I do."λΌλŠ” λŒ€λ‹΅μ€ μ—†λ‹€)
11:22
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
11:24
Now, it's not just a funny headline --
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이건 κ·Έλƒ₯ 웃긴 기사 제λͺ©μ΄ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:27
it's innovative. It's an innovative marketing campaign.
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ν˜μ‹ μ μ΄μ§€μš”. ν˜μ‹ μ μΈ λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ… μΊ νŽ˜μΈμ΄μ—μš”.
11:30
But more importantly,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 더 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은,
11:32
it saves lives.
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이것이 생λͺ…을 κ΅¬ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:35
Take a look at this --
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이 사진을 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
11:37
this is a room full of young men
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λ°© μ•ˆμ— μ Šμ€ λ‚¨μžλ“€κ³Ό
11:39
and my husband, Bill.
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제 λ‚¨νŽΈ 빌이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:41
And can you guess what the young men are waiting for?
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μ € μ Šμ€μ΄λ“€μ΄ 뭘 기닀리고 μžˆμ„ 것 κ°™λ‚˜μš”?
11:45
They're waiting to be circumcised.
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포경 μˆ˜μˆ μ„ λ°›μœΌλŸ¬ 온 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:48
Can you you believe that?
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λ―Ώκ²¨μ§€μ‹œλ‚˜μš”?
11:50
We know that circumcision reduces HIV infection
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λ‚¨μžκ°€ 포경 μˆ˜μˆ μ„ λ°›μœΌλ©΄ HIV 감염λ₯ μ΄
11:53
by 60 percent in men.
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60 νΌμ„ΌνŠΈ κ°μ†Œν•œλ‹€κ³  μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:55
And when we first heard this result inside the Foundation,
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우리 μž¬λ‹¨μ—μ„œ 이 톡계λ₯Ό 처음 λ“€μ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ,
11:58
I have to admit, Bill and I were scratching our heads a little bit
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사싀 빌과 μ €λŠ” 머리λ₯Ό κΈμ μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:00
and we were saying, "But who's going to volunteer for this procedure?"
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"λˆ„κ°€ μžμ›ν•΄μ„œ μˆ˜μˆ μ„ λ°›κ² μ–΄?"라고 μƒκ°ν–ˆμ£ .
12:03
But it turns out the men do,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ λ‚¨μžλ“€μ€ λ°›κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:05
because they're hearing from their girlfriends
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μ—¬μžμΉœκ΅¬λ“€μ΄ λͺ¨λ‘
12:07
that they prefer it,
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κ·Έ νŽΈμ„ μ„ ν˜Έν•˜κ³ ,
12:09
and the men also believe it improves their sex life.
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λ‚¨μžλ“€λ„ 그게 μ„±μƒν™œμ— 도움이 λœλ‹€κ³  λ―Ώκ±°λ“ μš”.
12:13
So if we can start to understand
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λ§Œμ•½ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
12:16
what people really want
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보건 및 개발 λΆ„μ•Όμ—μ„œ
12:18
in health and development,
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진정 μ›ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄,
12:20
we can change communities
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 지역 μ‚¬νšŒλ“€μ„ λ³€ν™”μ‹œν‚¬ 수 있고,
12:22
and we can change whole nations.
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κ΅­κ°€ 전체λ₯Ό λ³€ν™”μ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:26
Well, why is all of this so important?
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이 λͺ¨λ“  것이 μ™œ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ μ€‘μš”ν• κΉŒμš”?
12:29
So let's talk about what happens when this all comes together,
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이런 것듀이 ν•˜λ‚˜λ‘œ λͺ¨μ΄λ©΄, 이 세가지λ₯Ό ν•˜λ‚˜λ‘œ 묢으면,
12:32
when you tie the three things together.
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μ–΄λ–€ 일이 μƒκΈ°λŠ”μ§€ 이야기해 보죠.
12:34
And polio, I think, is one of the most powerful examples.
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κ°€μž₯ κ°•λ ₯ν•œ μ˜ˆλŠ” μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λΌκ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:38
We've seen a 99 percent reduction in polio in 20 years.
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μ§€λ‚œ 20λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λŠ” 99νΌμ„ΌνŠΈ κ°μ†Œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:42
So if you look back to 1988,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ 1988년을 λŒμ•„λ³΄λ©΄,
12:44
there are about 350,000 cases of polio
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이 세상에 κ·Έ ν•΄μ—λ§Œ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„κ°€
12:47
on the planet that year.
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μ•½ 35만건이 μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
12:49
In 2009, we're down to 1,600 cases.
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2009λ…„μ—λŠ” 천 6백건 λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:52
Well how did that happen?
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 된 일 μΌκΉŒμš”?
12:55
Let's look at a country like India.
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인도 같은 λ‚˜λΌλ₯Ό λ³ΌκΉŒμš”.
12:57
They have over a billion people in this country,
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10μ–΅ λͺ…이 λ„˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μžˆμ§€λ§Œ,
13:00
but they have 35,000 local doctors
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λ§ˆλΉ„λ₯Ό λ³΄κ³ ν•˜λŠ”
13:03
who report paralysis,
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3만 5천λͺ…μ˜ 지역 μ˜μ‚¬μ™€
13:05
and clinicians, a huge reporting system in chemists.
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μž„μƒμ˜, 그리고 κ±°λŒ€ν•œ 보고 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ κ°–μΆ˜ 약사가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:08
They have two and a half million vaccinators.
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그듀은 250만 개의 λ°±μ‹  접쒅기도 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:12
But let me make the story a little bit more concrete for you.
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쑰금 더 ꡬ체적인 이야기λ₯Ό ν•΄ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:14
Let me tell you the story of Shriram,
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인도 뢁뢀 μ§€λ°©μ˜ λΉ„ν•˜λ₯΄μ— μ‚¬λŠ”
13:16
an 18 month boy in Bihar,
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18κ°œμ›” λ‚¨μž 아이
13:18
a northern state in India.
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슈리람의 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:20
This year on August 8th, he felt paralysis
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μ˜¬ν•΄ 8μ›” 8일, μŠˆλ¦¬λžŒμ€ λ§ˆλΉ„λ₯Ό λŠκΌˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:23
and on the 13th, his parents took him to the doctor.
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13일에 λΆ€λͺ¨λŠ” 병원에 λ°λ €κ°”κ³ μš”.
13:27
On August 14th and 15th, they took a stool sample,
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14일과 15일에 λŒ€λ³€ 채취λ₯Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:29
and by the 25th of August,
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그리고 8μ›” 25일 μ―€
13:31
it was confirmed he had Type 1 polio.
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1ν˜• μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„μž„μ„ ν™•μΈν–ˆκ³ ,
13:34
By August 30th, a genetic test was done,
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8μ›” 30μΌμ—λŠ” μœ μ „ 검사λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•΄μ„œ
13:37
and we knew what strain of polio Shriram had.
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μŠˆλ¦¬μ•”μ΄ κ±Έλ¦° μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„μ˜ 계톡을 ν™•μΈν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:40
Now it could have come from one of two places.
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κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€μ˜ 진원지가 두 가지 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:42
It could have come from Nepal, just to the north, across the border,
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λ°”λ‘œ 뢁μͺ½μ— ꡭ경을 λ„˜μ–΄ λ„€νŒ”μ—μ„œ 왔을 μˆ˜λ„ 있고,
13:45
or from Jharkhand, a state just to the south.
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남μͺ½μ— μžˆλŠ” 자λ₯΄μΉΈλ“œ μ£Όμ—μ„œ 왔을 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
13:48
Luckily, the genetic testing proved
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운 μ’‹κ²Œλ„, μœ μ „ 검사 κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό 톡해
13:51
that, in fact, this strand came north,
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뢁μͺ½μ—μ„œ 온 κ²ƒμž„μ„ μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:53
because, had it come from the south,
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 남μͺ½μ˜ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€λŠ”
13:55
it would have had a much wider impact in terms of transmission.
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훨씬 더 넓은 전염성을 가지고 있고
13:57
So many more people would have been affected.
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더 λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 감염 λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν–ˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
13:59
So what's the endgame?
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이제 μ΅œμ’… λ‹¨κ³„λŠ” λ¬΄μ—‡μΌκΉŒμš”?
14:01
Well on September 4th, there was a huge mop-up campaign,
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9μ›” 4일 λŒ€λŒ€μ μΈ μ†Œνƒ• μž‘μ „μ΄ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:04
which is what you do in polio.
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λŠ” κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜μ£ .
14:06
They went out and where Shriram lives,
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슈리람이 μ‚¬λŠ” 곳에 κ°€μ„œ
14:08
they vaccinated two million people.
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2백만λͺ…μ—κ²Œ 예방 접쒅을 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:10
So in less than a month,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ ν•œ 달도 μ•ˆλ˜μ–΄μ„œ
14:12
we went from one case of paralysis
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단 ν•œ 건의 λ§ˆλΉ„ 증상이
14:14
to a targeted vaccination program.
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ν‘œμ  λ°±μ‹  μ ‘μ’… ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μœΌλ‘œ λ°œμ „ν–ˆλ˜ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:17
And I'm happy to say only one other person in that area got polio.
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κΈ°μ˜κ²Œλ„ κ·Έ ν›„ κ·Έ μ§€λ°©μ—μ„œ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ ν™˜μžλŠ” ν•œ λͺ…λ§Œ 더 λ‚˜μ™”μ£ .
14:20
That's how you keep
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ ν•΄μ•Ό
14:22
a huge outbreak from spreading,
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전염병이 νΌμ§€λŠ” 것을 막을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:24
and it shows what can happen
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이 μ‚¬λ‘€λŠ” 지역 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ
14:26
when local people have the data in their hands;
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μžλ£Œκ°€ μžˆμ„ λ•Œ 무엇이 일어날 수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό 보여 μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:29
they can save lives.
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생λͺ…을 ꡬ할 수 있죠.
14:32
Now one of the challenges in polio, still, is marketing,
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이제 μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„μ— λŒ€ν•œ κ³Όμ œλ“€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”, μ—¬μ „νžˆ λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:35
but it might not be what you think.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이것은 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹œλŠ” 것이 아닐 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:37
It's not the marketing on the ground.
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ν˜„μž₯μ—μ„œμ˜ λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ…μ΄ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:39
It's not telling the parents,
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λΆ€λͺ¨λ“€μ„ λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ ν•˜λŠ”
14:41
"If you see paralysis, take your child to the doctor
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"λ§ˆλΉ„ 증상을 보면, 아이λ₯Ό 병원에 λ°λ €κ°€κ±°λ‚˜
14:43
or get your child vaccinated."
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예방 접쒅을 μ‹œν‚€μ„Έμš”"κ°€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:45
We have a problem with marketing in the donor community.
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κΈ°λΆ€ 곡동체 λ‚΄ λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ…μ— λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:48
The G8 nations have been incredibly generous on polio
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G8 κ΅­κ°€λŠ” μ§€λ‚œ 20λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ λ¬Έμ œμ— κ΄€ν•΄
14:50
over the last 20 years,
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κ΄€λŒ€ν•œ κΈ°λΆ€λ₯Ό ν•΄μ™”μ–΄μš”.
14:52
but we're starting to have something called polio fatigue
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 졜근 μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ ν”Όλ‘œ ν˜„μƒμ΄λž€ 것이 μƒκ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:55
and that is that the donor nations
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이 ν˜„μƒμ€ 기뢀ꡭ듀이 더 이상
14:57
aren't willing to fund polio any longer.
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ λ¬Έμ œμ— μžκΈˆμ„ λŒ€κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” ν˜„μƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:59
So by next summer, we're sighted to run out of money on polio.
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λ‹€μŒ 여름이면 μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ 기금이 λ°”λ‹₯λ‚  κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ³΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:02
So we are 99 percent
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이제 우리 λͺ©ν‘œκ°€
15:05
of the way there on this goal
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99νΌμ„ΌνŠΈκΉŒμ§€ λ‹€κ°€μ™”λŠ”λ°,
15:07
and we're about to run short of money.
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돈이 λͺ¨μžλΌκ²Œ μƒκ²Όλ‹€λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
15:10
And I think that if the marketing were more aspirational,
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제 생각엔 λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ…μ΄ 쑰금 더 μ—΄μ •μ μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€λ©΄,
15:13
if we could focus as a community
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ³΅λ™μ²΄λ‘œμ„œ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜
15:15
on how far we've come
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λ§Žμ€ 일을 ν•΄μ™”λŠ”μ§€,
15:17
and how amazing it would be
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이 μ§ˆλ³‘μ„ λ°•λ©Έν•  수 있으면
15:19
to eradicate this disease,
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μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ ꡉμž₯할지에 μ§‘μ€‘ν•œλ‹€λ©΄,
15:21
we could put polio fatigue
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ ν”Όλ‘œ ν˜„μƒκ³Ό
15:23
and polio behind us.
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„λ₯Ό λ’€λ‘œ ν•  수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:25
And if we could do that,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이것을 λ‹¬μ„±ν•œ ν›„μ—λŠ”
15:27
we could stop vaccinating everybody, worldwide,
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μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  κ΅­κ°€μ—μ„œ
15:29
in all of our countries for polio.
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μ†Œμ•„λ§ˆλΉ„ 접쒅이 ν•„μš” 없어지겠죠.
15:32
And it would only be the second disease ever
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이 μ§€κ΅¬μƒμ—μ„œ λ°•λ©Έν•œ
15:34
wiped off the face of the planet.
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두 번째 μ§ˆλ³‘μ΄ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:37
And we are so close.
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정말 눈 μ•žκΉŒμ§€ μ™”μ–΄μš”.
15:39
And this victory is so possible.
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이 μŠΉλ¦¬λŠ” 정말 κ°€λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:43
So if Coke's marketers came to me
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μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌμ˜ λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ… 직원이 제게 μ™€μ„œ
15:46
and asked me to define happiness,
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ν–‰λ³΅μ˜ μ •μ˜λ₯Ό λ¬»λŠ”λ‹€λ©΄,
15:50
I'd say my vision of happiness
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μ „ 제 ν–‰λ³΅μ˜ 비전은 λ°”λ‘œ
15:52
is a mother holding healthy baby
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κ±΄κ°•ν•œ 아이λ₯Ό ν’ˆμ— μ•ˆμ€
15:55
in her arms.
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μ—„λ§ˆλΌκ³  말할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:57
To me, that is deep happiness.
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μ œκ²ŒλŠ” 그것이 κΉŠμ€ ν–‰λ³΅μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:02
And so if we can learn lessons from the innovators in every sector,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λͺ¨λ“  λΆ„μ•Όμ˜ ν˜μ‹ κ°€λ“€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° 배울 수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄,
16:05
then in the future we make together,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•¨κ»˜ λ§Œλ“€ λ―Έλž˜μ—λŠ”
16:08
that happiness
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λ°”λ‘œ 행볡이
16:10
can be just as ubiquitous
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μ½”μΉ΄μ½œλΌλ§ŒνΌμ΄λ‚˜
16:12
as Coca-Cola.
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μ–Έμ œ μ–΄λ””μ„œλ‚˜ μžˆλŠ” ν”ν•œ 것이 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:14
Thank you.
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κ³ λ§™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:16
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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