How the NSA betrayed the world's trust -- time to act | Mikko Hypponen

406,980 views ใƒป 2013-11-07

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Gemma Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : ๋‚จ์ค€ ๊น€
00:12
The two most likely largest inventions
0
12492
4634
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ธ๋Œ€์—์„œ
00:17
of our generation
1
17126
2247
๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ’ˆ 2๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”
00:19
are the Internet and the mobile phone.
2
19373
3193
์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท๊ณผ ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
They've changed the world.
3
22566
2135
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋ฒ„๋ ธ์ฃ .
00:24
However, largely to our surprise,
4
24701
3515
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„
00:28
they also turned out to be the perfect tools
5
28216
4398
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ์ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ
00:32
for the surveillance state.
6
32614
3150
์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
It turned out that the capability
7
35764
2897
๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์— ๊ด€ํ•œ
00:38
to collect data, information and connections
8
38661
4044
์ž๋ฃŒ, ์ •๋ณด, ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์„
00:42
about basically any of us and all of us
9
42705
4218
์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
00:46
is exactly what we've been hearing
10
46923
1813
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ฆ„๋‚ด๋‚ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
throughout of the summer through revelations and leaks
11
48736
4607
ํญ๋กœ์™€ ์ •๋ณด ๋ˆ„์ถœ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€
00:53
about Western intelligence agencies,
12
53343
3091
์„œ์–‘ ์ •๋ณด๋ถ€,
00:56
mostly U.S. intelligence agencies,
13
56434
3026
ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ณด๋ถ€๊ฐ€
00:59
watching over the rest of the world.
14
59460
3173
์ „์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
We've heard about these starting with the
15
62633
3198
์„ธ์ƒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€
01:05
revelations from June 6.
16
65831
3686
6์›”6์ผ ํญ๋กœ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
Edward Snowden started leaking information,
17
69517
3069
์—๋“œ์›Œ๋“œ ์Šค๋…ธ์šฐ๋“ ์ด
01:12
top secret classified information,
18
72586
2304
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ณด๋ถ€์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ
01:14
from the U.S. intelligence agencies,
19
74890
1467
์ตœ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ€์„ ํ˜๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
01:16
and we started learning about things like PRISM
20
76357
2469
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜(PRISM),
01:18
and XKeyscore and others.
21
78826
3267
์—‘ํฌํ‚ค์Šค์ฝ”์–ด(XKeyscore)์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
And these are examples of the kinds of programs
22
82093
3105
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ณด๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ
01:25
U.S. intelligence agencies are running right now,
23
85198
4279
์ „์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ
01:29
against the whole rest of the world.
24
89477
3516
์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๋“ค์˜ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
And if you look back about the forecasts
25
92993
3708
์ฃ ์ง€ ์˜ค์›ฐ์ด ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•œ
01:36
on surveillance by George Orwell,
26
96701
4101
๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์ •๋ณด ์‚ฌ์ฐฐ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด
01:40
well it turns out that
27
100817
2118
๊ธ€์Ž„์š”.
01:42
George Orwell was an optimist.
28
102935
2504
์ฃ ์ง€ ์˜ค์›ฐ์€ ๋‚™์ฒœ์ฃผ์˜์ž์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
(Laughter)
29
105439
2480
(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:47
We are right now seeing a much larger scale
30
107919
2700
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ฃ ์ง€ ์˜ค์›ฐ์ด ์ƒ์ƒํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
01:50
of tracking of individual citizens
31
110619
1898
ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํฐ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋กœ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์„
01:52
than he could have ever imagined.
32
112517
3632
๊ฐ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
And this here is the infamous
33
116149
3535
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์œ ํƒ€์ฃผ์— ์žˆ๋Š”
01:59
NSA data center in Utah.
34
119684
3844
์•…๋ช…๋†’์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์•ˆ๋ณด๊ตญ(NSA) ์ž๋ฃŒ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
Due to be opened very soon,
35
123528
3156
๊ณง ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ธ๋ฐ
02:06
it will be both a supercomputing center
36
126684
2791
์ด๊ณณ์€ ์ˆ˜ํผ ์ปดํ“จํŒ… ์„ผํ„ฐ์ด๋ฉด์„œ
02:09
and a data storage center.
37
129475
2137
์ž๋ฃŒ ์ž์žฅ์‹ค์ด ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
You could basically imagine it has a large hall
38
131612
2893
์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ๋ฐฉ์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜๋Š”
02:14
filled with hard drives storing data
39
134505
2456
์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ €์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ํ•˜๋“œ ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๊ฐ€
02:16
they are collecting.
40
136961
2274
๊ฝ‰ ์ฐจ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
And it's a pretty big building.
41
139235
2157
์—„์ฒญ ํฐ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
How big? Well, I can give you the numbers --
42
141392
1851
์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํด๊นŒ์š”? ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
02:23
140,000 square meters --
43
143243
2022
14๋งŒ ํ‰๋ฐฉ ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
but that doesn't really tell you very much.
44
145265
2606
๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ๊ฐ์ด ์ž˜ ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
Maybe it's better to imagine it as a comparison.
45
147871
3176
๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๋‚ซ๊ฒ ๊ตฐ์š”.
02:31
You think about the largest IKEA store
46
151047
2456
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”
02:33
you've ever been in.
47
153503
1747
๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ด์ผ€์•„ ๋งค์žฅ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:35
This is five times larger.
48
155250
3469
์ด๊ฑด 5๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
How many hard drives can you fit in an IKEA store?
49
158719
3076
์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ํ•˜๋“œ ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋กœ ์ด์ผ€์•„ ๋งค์žฅ์„ ์ฑ„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
02:41
Right? It's pretty big.
50
161795
2007
์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ฃ ? ์ •๋ง ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
We estimate that just the electricity bill
51
163802
2846
์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ์‹ค์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
02:46
for running this data center
52
166648
1876
๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์„ธ๋งŒ ์ถ”์ •ํ•ด๋„
02:48
is going to be in the tens of millions of dollars a year.
53
168524
3398
ํ•œํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋งŒ ๋ถˆ์ด ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
And this kind of wholesale surveillance
54
171922
2509
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์‚ฌ์ฐฐ์€
02:54
means that they can collect our data
55
174431
2736
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
02:57
and keep it basically forever,
56
177167
2003
๊ทธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์˜๊ตฌํžˆ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๊ณ 
02:59
keep it for extended periods of time,
57
179170
2509
๊ฝค ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๊ณ 
03:01
keep it for years, keep it for decades.
58
181679
3246
๋ช‡ ๋…„, ๋ช‡ ์‹ญ๋…„์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
And this opens up completely new kinds of risks
59
184925
3379
์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ
03:08
to us all.
60
188304
1946
์•„์ฃผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
And what this is is that it is wholesale
61
190250
3628
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ
03:13
blanket surveillance on everyone.
62
193878
4857
๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ๋กœ ๋ฌด์ฐจ๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
Well, not exactly everyone,
63
198735
1554
์Œ, ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
because the U.S. intelligence only has a legal right
64
200289
4028
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ณด๋ถ€๋Š” ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ์„ ๊ฐ์‹œํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
03:24
to monitor foreigners.
65
204317
1970
๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
03:26
They can monitor foreigners
66
206287
1750
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ณด๋ถ€๋Š” ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ์— ์ ‘์†ํ•  ๋•Œ
03:28
when foreigners' data connections
67
208037
2810
์ ‘์†์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:30
end up in the United States or pass through the United States.
68
210847
3490
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•  ๋•Œ ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ์„ ๊ฐ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
And monitoring foreigners doesn't sound too bad
69
214337
2784
์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ์„ ๊ฐ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๊ผญ ๋‚˜์˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
until you realize
70
217121
2367
์ €๋„ ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ์ด๊ณ 
03:39
that I'm a foreigner and you're a foreigner.
71
219488
3001
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€๋Š”์š”.
03:42
In fact, 96 percent of the planet are foreigners.
72
222489
3786
์‚ฌ์‹ค ์„ธ์ƒ์˜ 90%๊ฐ€ ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
(Laughter)
73
226275
1670
(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:47
Right?
74
227945
1887
๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
03:49
So it is wholesale blanket surveillance of all of us,
75
229832
4449
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ๋กœ ๋ฌด์ฐจ๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
all of us who use telecommunications and the Internet.
76
234281
4102
ํ†ต์‹ ๊ณผ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ์š”.
03:58
But don't get me wrong:
77
238383
1891
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜คํ•ด๋Š” ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
04:00
There are actually types of surveillance that are okay.
78
240274
5226
๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ฐฐ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
I love freedom, but even I agree
79
245500
3029
์ €๋Š” ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
that some surveillance is fine.
80
248529
2279
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ์ฐฐ์€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๋Š”๋ฐ ๋™์˜๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
If the law enforcement is trying to find a murderer,
81
250808
3903
๋ฒ• ์ง‘ํ–‰ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด ์‚ด์ธ๋ฒ”์„ ์žก์œผ๋ ค ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
04:14
or they're trying to catch a drug lord
82
254711
3102
๋งˆ์•ฝ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ”์„ ์žก์œผ๋ ค ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
04:17
or trying to prevent a school shooting,
83
257813
3604
ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์ด๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ง‰์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•  ๋•Œ
04:21
and they have leads and they have suspects,
84
261417
1677
๋‹จ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์šฉ์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:23
then it's perfectly fine for them to tap the suspect's phone,
85
263094
3717
์šฉ์˜์ž์˜ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋„์ฒญํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
04:26
and to intercept his Internet communications.
86
266811
3356
์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ํ†ต์‹ ์„ ๊ฐ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ๋‹น์—ฐํ•˜์ฃ .
04:30
I'm not arguing that at all,
87
270167
1938
๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
but that's not what programs like PRISM are about.
88
272105
2824
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ์ด๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
They are not about doing surveillance on people
89
274929
2885
ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ž˜๋ชป์„ ์ €์ง€๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
04:37
that they have reason to suspect of some wrongdoings.
90
277814
3204
์‚ฌ์ฐฐ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
They're about doing surveillance on people
91
281018
1677
์ฃ„์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž„์„ ์•Œ๋ฉด์„œ๋„
04:42
they know are innocent.
92
282695
3760
์‚ฌ์ฐฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
So the four main arguments
93
286455
2245
์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ์ฐฐ์— ๋™์กฐํ•˜๋Š”
04:48
supporting surveillance like this,
94
288700
2152
4๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ๋œ ์ฃผ์žฅ์€
04:50
well, the first of all is that whenever you start
95
290852
2235
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํญ๋กœ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด
04:53
discussing about these revelations,
96
293087
1895
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋“ 
04:54
there will be naysayers trying to minimize
97
294982
2293
์ด๋Ÿฐ ํญ๋กœ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
04:57
the importance of these revelations, saying that
98
297275
2188
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด์„œ
04:59
we knew all this already,
99
299463
1613
๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
we knew it was happening, there's nothing new here.
100
301076
3580
"๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฑด ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†์–ด์š”."
05:04
And that's not true. Don't let anybody tell you
101
304656
3215
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ 
05:07
that we knew this already, because we did not know this already.
102
307871
5712
๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋†”๋‘์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฑธ ๋ชฐ๋ž์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
05:13
Our worst fears might have been something like this,
103
313583
3773
์ตœ์•…์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ
05:17
but we didn't know this was happening.
104
317356
1951
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ค„ ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
Now we know for a fact it's happening.
105
319307
2777
์ด์ œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋กœ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
05:22
We didn't know about this. We didn't know about PRISM.
106
322084
2579
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฑธ ๋ชฐ๋ž๊ณ  ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
We didn't know about XKeyscore. We didn't know about Cybertrans.
107
324663
2906
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—‘์Šคํ‚ค์Šค์ฝ”์–ด๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ž๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ํŠธ๋žœ์Šค(Cybertrans)๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
We didn't know about DoubleArrow.
108
327569
1950
๋”๋ธ”์• ๋กœ์šฐ(DoubleArrow)๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ž์ฃ .
05:29
We did not know about Skywriter --
109
329519
2148
์Šค์นด์ด๋ผ์ดํ„ฐ(Skywriter)๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
all these different programs
110
331667
1695
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ณด๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š”
05:33
run by U.S. intelligence agencies.
111
333362
3241
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๋ชฐ๋ž์ฃ .
05:36
But now we do.
112
336603
3029
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
And we did not know
113
339632
2166
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ณด๋ถ€๊ฐ€
05:41
that U.S. intelligence agencies go to extremes
114
341798
3075
ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™” ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์— ์นจํˆฌํ•ด์„œ
05:44
such as infiltrating standardization bodies
115
344873
3837
์•”ํ˜ธํ™” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๋Š”
05:48
to sabotage encryption algorithms on purpose.
116
348710
4748
๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์“ด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
And what that means
117
353458
2037
๊ทธ ๋ง์€
05:55
is that you take something which is secure,
118
355495
1820
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ณด์•ˆ ์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:57
an encryption algorithm which is so secure
119
357315
2421
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์•”ํ˜ธํ™” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•ด์„œ
05:59
that if you use that algorithm to encrypt one file,
120
359736
3107
๊ทธ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ์ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์•”ํ˜ธํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉด
06:02
nobody can decrypt that file.
121
362843
1742
๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ์•”ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ํ’€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
Even if they take every single computer on the planet just to decrypt that one file,
122
364585
4413
๊ทธ ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ํ•ด๋…ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์˜จ์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค ์“ด๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„
06:08
it's going to take millions of years.
123
368998
2060
์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
So that's basically perfectly safe, uncrackable.
124
371058
2247
๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•„์ฃผ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•ด๋…์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ฃ .
06:13
You take something which is that good
125
373305
2074
๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
06:15
and then you weaken it on purpose,
126
375379
2484
๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
06:17
making all of us less secure as an end result.
127
377863
5610
๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•ˆ์— ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
A real-world equivalent would be that
128
383473
2131
์ง„์งœ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ๋น„์œ ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด
06:25
intelligence agencies would force
129
385604
2652
์ •๋ณด๋ถ€๊ฐ€
06:28
some secret pin code into every single house alarm
130
388256
2827
๋ชจ๋“  ์ง‘์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๋ณด๊ธฐ์— ์–ด๋–ค ๋น„๋ฐ€ ์•”ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์–ด๋‘๊ณ 
06:31
so they could get into every single house
131
391083
1793
์–ด๋Š ์ง‘์—๋‚˜ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
because, you know, bad people might have house alarms,
132
392876
2246
๋‚˜์œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ์ง‘์— ๊ฒฝ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
06:35
but it will also make all of us
133
395122
2439
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ
06:37
less secure as an end result.
134
397561
2229
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
Backdooring encryption algorithms
135
399790
3740
๋’ท๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์•”ํ˜ธํ™” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์€
06:43
just boggles the mind.
136
403530
3096
๋†€๋ผ์šธ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
But of course, these intelligence agencies are doing their job.
137
406626
3775
๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ •๋ณด๋ถ€๋Š” ์ž๊ธฐ๋„ค๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:50
This is what they have been told to do:
138
410401
1757
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
do signals intelligence,
139
412158
2230
์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ฒญํ•˜๊ณ 
06:54
monitor telecommunications,
140
414388
2012
ํ†ต์‹ ์„ ๊ฐ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ 
06:56
monitor Internet traffic.
141
416400
1422
์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ํŠธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์„ ๊ฐ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
That's what they're trying to do,
142
417822
1708
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
and since most, a very big part of the Internet traffic today is encrypted,
143
419530
3082
์š”์ฆ˜์€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ํŠธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์—์„œ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์•”ํ˜ธํ™”๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
07:02
they're trying to find ways around the encryption.
144
422612
1957
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•”ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
One way is to sabotage encryption algorithms,
145
424569
3057
ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์•”ํ˜ธํ™” ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ๋ง์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ
07:07
which is a great example
146
427626
1885
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ณด๋ถ€๊ฐ€
07:09
about how U.S. intelligence agencies
147
429511
2221
์™œ ์ œ๋ฉ‹๋Œ€๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ
07:11
are running loose.
148
431732
1749
๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
They are completely out of control,
149
433481
1841
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์•„์ฃผ ํ†ต์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ๋Šฅ์ธ ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์„œ
07:15
and they should be brought back under control.
150
435322
4442
ํ†ต์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
So what do we actually know about the leaks?
151
441629
2950
์ •๋ณด ๋ˆ„์ถœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:24
Everything is based on the files
152
444579
2110
๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์Šค๋…ธ์šฐ๋“ ์”จ๊ฐ€
07:26
leaked by Mr. Snowden.
153
446689
2498
ํญ๋กœํ•œ ํŒŒ์ผ์— ๋ฐ”ํƒ•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
The very first PRISM slides
154
449187
2848
6์›”์ดˆ์— ๋‚˜์˜จ
07:32
from the beginning of June
155
452035
1989
ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋Š”
07:34
detail a collection program where the data
156
454024
2094
์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
is collected from service providers,
157
456118
1786
์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ œ๊ณต์—…์ฒด๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
07:37
and they actually go and name the service providers
158
457904
2878
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์ด ์ ‘์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ œ๊ณต์—…์ฒด์˜
07:40
they have access to.
159
460782
1331
์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋ฐํžˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
They even have a specific date
160
462113
2942
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ œ๊ณต์—…์ฒด๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
07:45
on when the collection of data began
161
465055
2664
์–ธ์ œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์œผ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€
07:47
for each of the service providers.
162
467719
1639
๋‚ ์งœ๊นŒ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
So for example, they name the collection from Microsoft
163
469358
2287
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์—์„œ๋Š”
07:51
started on September 11, 2007,
164
471645
3720
2007๋…„ 9์›” 11์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์•˜๊ณ ,
07:55
for Yahoo on the March 12, 2008,
165
475365
2732
์•ผํ›„์—์„œ๋Š” 2008๋…„ 3์›” 12์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:58
and then others: Google, Facebook,
166
478097
3016
๊ตฌ๊ธ€, ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ,
08:01
Skype, Apple and so on.
167
481113
3244
์Šค์นด์ดํ”„์™€ ์• ํ”Œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณณ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
And every single one of these companies denies.
168
484357
2848
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ถ€์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
They all say that this simply isn't true,
169
487205
4395
์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ž๋ฃŒ์—
08:11
that they are not giving backdoor access to their data.
170
491600
4608
๋’ท๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์™€ ์ ‘์†ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
Yet we have these files.
171
496208
4123
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํŒŒ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
So is one of the parties lying,
172
500331
2321
๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
08:22
or is there some other alternative explanation?
173
502652
3323
์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ค๋ช…์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
08:25
And one explanation would be
174
505975
2922
ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์„ค๋ช…์€
08:28
that these parties, these service providers,
175
508897
2887
์ด๋“ค ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ œ๊ณต์—…์ฒด๊ฐ€
08:31
are not cooperating.
176
511784
1916
ํ˜‘์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
08:33
Instead, they've been hacked.
177
513700
3021
์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ํ•ดํ‚น์„ ๋‹นํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
That would explain it. They aren't cooperating. They've been hacked.
178
516721
3217
๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜‘์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ ํ•ดํ‚น์„ ๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
In this case, they've been hacked by their own government.
179
519938
4178
์ž๊ธฐ๋“ค์˜ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ดํ‚นํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
08:44
That might sound outlandish,
180
524116
2421
๋ง์ด ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ
08:46
but we already have cases where this has happened,
181
526537
2214
์ด๋ฏธ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
for example, the case of the Flame malware
182
528751
3046
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ž„(Flame)์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํŒŒ๊ดด ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
08:51
which we strongly believe was authored
183
531797
2033
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ 
08:53
by the U.S. government,
184
533830
1897
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ตณ๊ฒŒ ๋ฏฟ๋Š”๋ฐ,
08:55
and which, to spread, subverted the security
185
535727
3899
์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ์œˆ๋„์šฐ์ฆˆ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์˜
08:59
of the Windows Update network,
186
539626
2886
๋ณด์•ˆ์„ ์—‰๋ง์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
meaning here, the company was hacked
187
542512
4093
๊ทธ ๋ง์ธ์ฆ‰, ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€
09:06
by their own government.
188
546605
2358
ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ดํ‚นํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
And there's more evidence
189
548963
1599
์ด ์ด๋ก ์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜๋Š”
09:10
supporting this theory as well.
190
550562
2551
์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
Der Spiegel, from Germany, leaked more information
191
553113
4005
๋…์ผ์˜ ์Šˆํ”ผ๊ฒ”์ง€๋Š”
09:17
about the operations run by the elite hacker units
192
557118
4265
์ด๋“ค ์ •๋ณด๋ถ€ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ํ™œ๋™ํ•˜๋Š”
09:21
operating inside these intelligence agencies.
193
561383
3035
์—˜๋ฆฌํŠธ ํ•ด์ปค ์กฐ์ง์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์‹ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
Inside NSA, the unit is called TAO,
194
564418
2626
๊ตญ๊ฐ€์•ˆ๋ณด๊ตญ(NSA) ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์กฐ์ง์€ TAO๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
09:27
Tailored Access Operations,
195
567044
1845
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ '๋งž์ถคํ˜• ์ ‘์† ์ž‘์ „'์˜ ์•ฝ์ž๋กœ์จ,
09:28
and inside GCHQ, which is the U.K. equivalent,
196
568889
3564
๊ทธ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ ์ •๋ณดํ†ต์‹ ๋ณธ๋ถ€(GCHQ)์˜ ํ•˜๋ถ€ ์กฐ์ง์€
09:32
it's called NAC, Network Analysis Centre.
197
572453
3999
NAC, ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๋ถ„์„ ์„ผํ„ฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
And these recent leaks of these three slides
198
576452
3844
์˜๊ตญ์˜
09:40
detail an operation
199
580296
2204
์ •๋ณดํ†ต์‹ ๋ณธ๋ถ€(GCHQ)๊ฐ€
09:42
run by this GCHQ intelligence agency
200
582500
3158
์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์ „์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š”
09:45
from the United Kingdom
201
585658
1809
3์žฅ์˜ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
targeting a telecom here in Belgium.
202
587467
4233
์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ฒจ๊ธฐ์—์˜ ํ†ต์‹ ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ์‚ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
And what this really means
203
591700
2276
๊ทธ๋ง์€
09:53
is that an E.U. country's intelligence agency
204
593976
3888
์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—ฐํ•ฉ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ถ€๊ฐ€
09:57
is breaching the security
205
597864
2215
๊ฐ™์€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—ฐํ•ฉ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ํ†ต์‹ ๋ณด์•ˆ์„
10:00
of a telecom of a fellow E.U. country on purpose,
206
600079
4813
์ผ๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ ์นจํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ธ๋ฐ
10:04
and they discuss it in their slides completely casually,
207
604892
3835
์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ‰์ƒ์‹œ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
10:08
business as usual.
208
608727
1601
๊ฐ€๋ณ๊ฒŒ ํ† ๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
Here's the primary target,
209
610328
1668
์—ฌ๊ธฐ 1์ฐจ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
10:11
here's the secondary target,
210
611996
1378
์—ฌ๊ธฐ 2์ฐจ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
10:13
here's the teaming.
211
613374
1424
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํŒ€์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
They probably have a team building on Thursday evening in a pub.
212
614798
3856
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋ชฉ์š”์ผ ์ €๋…๋งˆ๋‹ค ์„ ์ˆ ์ง‘์— ๋ชจ์—ฌ ์นœ๋ชฉ์„ ๋‹ค์งˆ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
They even use cheesy PowerPoint clip art
213
618654
3041
์ด๋Ÿฐ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์— ์ ‘์†ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
10:21
like, you know, "Success,"
214
621695
1707
ํŒŒ์›Œํฌ์ธํŠธ์—์„œ "์„ฑ๊ณต"๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€
10:23
when they gain access to services like this.
215
623402
3264
๋Š๋ผํ•œ ํด๋ฆฝ์•„ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:26
What the hell?
216
626666
2826
์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋”์ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:31
And then there's the argument
217
631685
1833
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ฃผ์žฅ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
that okay, yes, this might be going on,
218
633518
1660
๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”. ์˜ˆ. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
10:35
but then again, other countries are doing it as well.
219
635178
2637
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋„ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
10:37
All countries spy.
220
637815
2423
๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์—ผํƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
And maybe that's true.
221
640238
1738
๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ผ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:41
Many countries spy, not all of them, but let's take an example.
222
641976
2438
๋งŽ์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์—ผํƒํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
Let's take, for example, Sweden.
223
644414
2111
์Šค์›จ๋ด์„ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ฃ .
10:46
I'm speaking of Sweden because Sweden
224
646525
1376
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์Šค์›จ๋ด์„ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“œ๋Š” ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์€
10:47
has a little bit of a similar law to the United States.
225
647901
2279
๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
When your data traffic goes through Sweden,
226
650180
2123
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ „์†ก ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์Šค์›จ๋ด์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•  ๋•Œ
10:52
their intelligence agency has a legal right by the law
227
652303
2810
์Šค์›จ๋ด ์ •๋ณด๋ถ€๋Š”
10:55
to intercept that traffic.
228
655113
2001
๊ทธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์ฑŒ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
All right, how many Swedish decisionmakers
229
657114
3205
์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šค์›จ๋ด์—์„œ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์˜์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ž์™€
11:00
and politicians and business leaders
230
660319
2872
์ •์น˜๊ฐ€, ์‚ฌ์—…๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด
11:03
use, every day, U.S.-based services,
231
663191
3073
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ํ•œ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
11:06
like, you know, run Windows or OSX,
232
666264
3268
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์•„์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์œˆ๋„์šฐ์ฆˆ๋‚˜ OSX๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ณ 
11:09
or use Facebook or LinkedIn,
233
669532
2210
ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ์ด๋‚˜ ๋งํฌ๋“œ์ธ์„ ์“ฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
11:11
or store their data in clouds like iCloud
234
671742
3400
์•„์ดํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ๋‚˜
11:15
or Skydrive or DropBox,
235
675142
3894
์Šค์นด์ด ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ, ๋“œ๋กญ๋ฐ•์Šค์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ์— ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ €์žฅํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
11:19
or maybe use online services like Amazon web services or sales support?
236
679036
4303
์•„๋งˆ์กด ์›น์„œ๋น„์Šค๋‚˜ ํŒ๋งค ์ง€์›๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
11:23
And the answer is, every single Swedish business leader does that every single day.
237
683339
3957
์Šค์›จ๋ด์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ์—…๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‚ ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:27
And then we turn it around.
238
687296
1599
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ .
11:28
How many American leaders
239
688895
1905
์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค์ด
11:30
use Swedish webmails and cloud services?
240
690800
4293
์Šค์›จ๋ด์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์›น๋ฉ”์ผ๊ณผ ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
11:35
And the answer is zero.
241
695093
2040
์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
So this is not balanced.
242
697133
2269
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ท ํ˜•์ด ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:39
It's not balanced by any means, not even close.
243
699402
4625
์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ๊ท ํ˜•์ด ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ .
11:44
And when we do have the occasional
244
704027
2441
๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š”
11:46
European success story,
245
706468
2001
์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
11:48
even those, then, typically end up being sold to the United States.
246
708469
3566
๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ”๋ ค๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:52
Like, Skype used to be secure.
247
712035
2264
์Šค์นด์ดํ”„๋Š” ๋ณด์•ˆ์— ๊ฐ•ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
It used to be end-to-end encrypted.
248
714299
2733
์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฒ ์ €ํžˆ ์•”ํ˜ธํ™”๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
Then it was sold to the United States.
249
717032
2041
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ”๋ ค๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
Today, it no longer is secure.
250
719073
2649
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์Šค์นด์ดํ”„๋Š” ๋”์ด์ƒ ๋ณด์•ˆ์— ๊ฐ•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:01
So once again, we take something which is secure
251
721722
3221
ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋” ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„
12:04
and then we make it less secure on purpose,
252
724943
1870
์ผ๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋ฉด
12:06
making all of us less secure as an outcome.
253
726813
4484
๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ณด์•ˆ์— ์•ฝํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
And then the argument that the United States
254
732855
2247
๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด
12:15
is only fighting terrorists.
255
735102
2018
ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฒ”๊ณผ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ์ธ๋ฐ
12:17
It's the war on terror.
256
737120
1166
ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ์™€์˜ ์ „์Ÿ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
You shouldn't worry about it.
257
738286
2547
๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„  ๊ฑฑ์ • ์•ˆ ํ•ด๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:20
Well, it's not the war on terror.
258
740833
2230
๊ธ€์Ž„์š”. ๊ทธ๊ฑด ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ์™€์˜ ์ „์Ÿ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:23
Yes, part of it is war on terror, and yes,
259
743063
2173
๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ์™€์˜ ์ „์Ÿ์ด์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”.
12:25
there are terrorists, and they do kill and maim,
260
745236
2976
ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฒ”์€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ฃฝ์ด๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
and we should fight them,
261
748212
1551
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ์‹ธ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
12:29
but we know through these leaks
262
749763
1606
์ •๋ณด ๋ˆ„์ถœ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€
12:31
that they have used the same techniques
263
751369
2582
์ •๋ณด๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ
12:33
to listen to phone calls of European leaders,
264
753951
3336
์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—ฐํ•ฉ์˜ ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค์„ ๋„์ฒญํ•˜๊ณ 
12:37
to tap the email of residents of Mexico and Brazil,
265
757287
3455
๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”์™€ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ํ›”์ณ๋ณด๊ณ 
12:40
to read email traffic inside the United Nations Headquarters and E.U. Parliament,
266
760742
4806
์œ ์—” ๋ณธ๋ถ€์™€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ํšŒ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ๊ฐ์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
and I don't think they are trying to find terrorists
267
765548
3154
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—ฐํ•ฉ ์˜ํšŒ ์•ˆ์—์„œ
12:48
from inside the E.U. Parliament, right?
268
768702
3018
ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฒ”์„ ์ฐพ๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
12:51
It's not the war on terror.
269
771720
1948
ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „์Ÿ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:53
Part of it might be, and there are terrorists,
270
773668
4142
์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ . ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฒ”์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
12:57
but are we really thinking about terrorists
271
777810
2427
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฒ”์ด ์ •๋ง๋กœ
13:00
as such an existential threat
272
780237
2169
ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์œ„ํ˜‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์„œ
13:02
that we are willing to do anything at all to fight them?
273
782406
3676
๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ง“์ด๋“  ๋‹ค ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:06
Are the Americans ready to throw away the Constituion
274
786082
3491
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์€ ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฒ”์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ
13:09
and throw it in the trash just because there are terrorists?
275
789573
4241
ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์„ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐํ†ต์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋˜์ง€๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
13:13
And the same thing with the Bill of Rights and all the amendments
276
793814
2524
๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์žฅ์ „๊ณผ ๊ทธ ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ,
13:16
and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
277
796338
2317
์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ถŒ ์„ ์–ธ,
13:18
and the E.U. conventions on human rights and fundamental freedoms
278
798655
5151
์ธ๊ถŒ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์ž์œ ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—ฐํ•ฉ ์„ ์–ธ,
13:23
and the press freedom?
279
803806
1517
์–ธ๋ก ์˜ ์ž์œ ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:25
Do we really think terrorism is such an existential threat,
280
805323
3815
ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์œ„ํ˜‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์„œ
13:29
we are ready to do anything at all?
281
809138
3126
๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:34
But people are scared about terrorists,
282
814490
2664
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฒ”์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
13:37
and then they think that maybe that surveillance is okay
283
817154
2414
์‚ฌ์ฐฐ์€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:39
because they have nothing to hide.
284
819568
2044
์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ˆจ๊ธธ ๊ฒŒ ์—†์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
13:41
Feel free to survey me if that helps.
285
821612
2707
๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งˆ์Œ๊ป ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
13:44
And whoever tells you that they have nothing to hide
286
824319
2888
์ˆจ๊ธธ ๊ฒŒ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
13:47
simply hasn't thought about this long enough.
287
827207
4713
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:54
(Applause)
288
834520
5865
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
14:00
Because we have this thing called privacy,
289
840385
2772
์‚ฌ์ƒํ™œ์ด๋ž€๊ฒŒ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
14:03
and if you really think that you have nothing to hide,
290
843157
2345
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ •๋ง ์ˆจ๊ธธ ๊ฒŒ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
14:05
please make sure that's the first thing you tell me,
291
845502
2216
์ €ํ•œํ…Œ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
14:07
because then I know
292
847718
1550
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ํ•œํ…Œ
14:09
that I should not trust you with any secrets,
293
849268
1640
๋น„๋ฐ€์„ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ• ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
14:10
because obviously you can't keep a secret.
294
850908
3298
์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ถ„๋ช… ๋น„๋ฐ€์„ ์ง€ํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
14:17
But people are brutally honest with the Internet,
295
857065
3829
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ๋…ธ๊ณจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์†”์งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
and when these leaks started,
296
860894
2696
์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•Œ๋ ค์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ
14:23
many people were asking me about this.
297
863590
1878
๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
14:25
And I have nothing to hide.
298
865468
1574
"์ €๋Š” ์ˆจ๊ธธ ๊ฒŒ ์—†์–ด์š”."
14:27
I'm not doing anything bad or anything illegal.
299
867042
3290
"๋‚˜์œ ์ง“์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฒ•์— ์–ด๊ธ‹๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”."
14:30
Yet, I have nothing that I would in particular
300
870332
2785
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ถ€์™€ ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ
14:33
like to share with an intelligence agency,
301
873117
2793
๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ ํ”ˆ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:35
especially a foreign intelligence agency.
302
875910
4137
์™ธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ถ€๋ผ๋ฉด ๋”๋”์šฑ ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ๊ฒŒ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:40
And if we indeed need a Big Brother,
303
880047
2855
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„์งœ๋กœ ๊ฐ์‹œ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
14:42
I would much rather have a domestic Big Brother
304
882902
3478
์™ธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฐ์‹œ์ž๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
14:46
than a foreign Big Brother.
305
886380
3160
์ฐจ๋ผ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๊ฐ์‹œ์ž๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:49
And when the leaks started, the very first thing I tweeted about this
306
889545
5059
์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ํญ๋กœ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์ผ ๋จผ์ € ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ์— ์˜ฌ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์€
14:54
was a comment about how,
307
894604
2074
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ ์—”์ง„์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ
14:56
when you've been using search engines,
308
896678
1688
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„
14:58
you've been potentially leaking all that to U.S. intelligence.
309
898366
3649
๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ณด๋ถ€๋กœ ํ˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:02
And two minutes later, I got a reply
310
902015
1972
2๋ถ„ ๋’ค์— ๋Œ“๊ธ€์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ ธ๋Š”๋ฐ
15:03
by somebody called Kimberly from the United States
311
903987
2336
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ํ‚ด๋ฒŒ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ž๋ถ„์ด
15:06
challenging me, like, why am I worried about this?
312
906323
2167
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑฑ์ •์„ ํ•˜๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌป๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
15:08
What am I sending to worry about this? Am I sending naked pictures or something?
313
908503
4032
์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑฑ์ •์Šค๋Ÿฐ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒŒ๊ฑฐ๋ฒ—์€ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด๋ผ๋„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
15:12
And my answer to Kimberly was
314
912535
1968
ํ‚ด๋ฒŒ๋ฆฌํ•œํ…Œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๋‹ต์€
15:14
that what I'm sending is none of your business,
315
914503
3029
์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋“  ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ์ƒ๊ด€์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ด๊ณ 
15:17
and it should be none of your government's business either.
316
917532
4265
๋‹น์‹  ์ •๋ถ€์™€๋„ ์ „ํ˜€ ์ƒ๊ด€์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
Because that's what it's about. It's about privacy.
317
921797
2252
์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์ƒํ™œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
15:24
Privacy is nonnegotiable.
318
924049
1914
์‚ฌ์ƒํ™œ์€ ํ˜‘์ƒ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:25
It should be built in to all the systems we use.
319
925963
3960
์‚ฌ์ƒํ™œ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:31
(Applause)
320
931968
3578
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
15:38
And one thing we should all understand
321
938830
2619
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€
15:41
is that we are brutally honest with search engines.
322
941449
4599
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ ์—”์ง„์— ์•„์ฃผ ์†”์งํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
15:46
You show me your search history,
323
946048
2751
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด
15:48
and I'll find something incriminating
324
948799
2366
์ €๋Š” 5๋ถ„ ์•ˆ์— ์ฃ„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
15:51
or something embarrassing there in five minutes.
325
951165
3437
๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:54
We are more honest with search engines
326
954602
1788
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋ณด๋‹ค
15:56
than we are with our families.
327
956390
1762
๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ ์—”์ง„์— ๋” ์†”์งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:58
Search engines know more about you
328
958152
2091
๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ ์—”์ง„์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„
16:00
than your family members know about you.
329
960243
2766
๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:03
And this is all the kind of information we are giving away,
330
963009
3088
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ
16:06
we are giving away to the United States.
331
966097
4375
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ๋‚ด์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:10
And surveillance changes history.
332
970472
2478
์‚ฌ์ฐฐ์€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:12
We know this through examples of corrupt presidents like Nixon.
333
972950
3209
๋‹‰์Šจ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ถ€ํŒจํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:16
Imagine if he would have had the kind of surveillance tools that are available today.
334
976159
4472
๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์š”์ฆ˜ ์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ฐฐ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์กŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
16:20
And let me actually quote
335
980631
2309
๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ๋”œ๋งˆ ๋ฃจ์„ธํ”„๊ฐ€
16:22
the president of Brazil, Ms. Dilma Rousseff.
336
982940
3133
ํ•œ ๋ง์„ ์ธ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:26
She was one of the targets of NSA surveillance.
337
986073
3286
๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์•ˆ๋ณด๊ตญ(NSA)์˜ ์‚ฌ์ฐฐ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋Œ€์ƒ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:29
Her email was read, and she spoke
338
989359
2276
๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์ด ์‚ฌ์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
16:31
at the United Nations Headquarters, and she said,
339
991635
3023
๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์œ ์—”๋ณธ๋ถ€์—์„œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:34
"If there is no right to privacy,
340
994658
2013
"์‚ฌ์ƒํ™œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด
16:36
there can be no true freedom of expression and opinion,
341
996671
2827
ํ‘œํ˜„๊ณผ ์˜๊ฒฌ์˜ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ž์œ ๋Š” ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:39
and therefore, there can be no effective democracy."
342
999498
5111
๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹ค์ œ์ ์ธ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
16:44
That's what it's about.
343
1004609
2345
๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:46
Privacy is the building block of our democracies.
344
1006954
3868
์‚ฌ์ƒํ™œ์€ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์š”์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:52
And to quote a fellow security researcher, Marcus Ranum,
345
1012611
3465
๋ณด์•ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€์ธ ๋งˆ์ปค์Šค ๋ผ๋„˜์ด ํ•œ ๋ง์„ ์ธ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:56
he said that the United States is right now treating the Internet
346
1016076
3827
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„
16:59
as it would be treating one of its colonies.
347
1019903
3093
์‹๋ฏผ์ง€ ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:02
So we are back to the age of colonization,
348
1022996
2565
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹๋ฏผ์ง€ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ์•„๊ฐ”๊ณ 
17:05
and we, the foreign users of the Internet,
349
1025561
3062
์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์€
17:08
we should think about Americans as our masters.
350
1028623
3705
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์„ ์ฃผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:15
So Mr. Snowden, he's been blamed for many things.
351
1035005
3975
์Šค๋…ธ์šฐ๋“ ์”จ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋น„๋‚œ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:18
Some are blaming him for causing problems
352
1038980
2654
์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ํญ๋กœ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
17:21
for the U.S. cloud industry and software companies with these revelations --
353
1041634
3191
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ ์‚ฐ์—…๊ณผ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋น„๋‚œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:24
and blaming Snowden for causing problems for the U.S. cloud industry
354
1044825
4296
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ ์‚ฐ์—…์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์Šค๋…ธ์šฐ๋“ ์„ ๋น„๋‚œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
17:29
would be the equivalent of blaming Al Gore
355
1049121
2459
์ง€๊ตฌ ์˜จ๋‚œํ™” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ๋‹ค๊ณ 
17:31
for causing global warming.
356
1051580
2317
์•จ ๊ณ ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋น„๋‚œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:33
(Laughter)
357
1053897
2254
(์›ƒ์Œ)
17:36
(Applause)
358
1056151
5071
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
17:43
So, what is there to be done?
359
1063853
6208
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”
17:50
Should we worry. No, we shouldn't worry.
360
1070061
1780
๊ฑฑ์ •์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค, ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:51
We should be angry, because this is wrong,
361
1071841
2436
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ผ์ด๋ฉฐ
17:54
and it's rude, and it should not be done.
362
1074277
2739
๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋  ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:57
But that's not going to really change the situation.
363
1077016
2268
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:59
What's going to change the situation for the rest of the world
364
1079284
3221
๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ธธ์€
18:02
is to try to steer away
365
1082505
2282
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“  ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ
18:04
from systems built in the United States.
366
1084787
2633
๋ฉ€์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:07
And that's much easier said than done.
367
1087420
2630
๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‰ฝ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ฒœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์ฃ .
18:10
How do you do that?
368
1090050
1709
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
18:11
A single country, any single country in Europe
369
1091759
1799
ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ, ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€
18:13
cannot replace and build replacements
370
1093558
2793
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“  OS์™€ ํด๋ผ์šฐ๋“œ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ
18:16
for the U.S.-made operating systems and cloud services.
371
1096351
2762
๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:19
But maybe you don't have to do it alone.
372
1099113
1893
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:21
Maybe you can do it together with other countries.
373
1101006
1769
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:22
The solution is open source.
374
1102775
3496
ํ•ด๋ฒ•์€ ์˜คํ”ˆ ์†Œ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:26
By building together open, free, secure systems,
375
1106271
5613
์—ด๋ ค ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ณต์งœ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ณด์•ˆ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
18:31
we can go around such surveillance,
376
1111884
3108
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ฐฐ์„ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
18:34
and then one country doesn't have to solve the problem by itself.
377
1114992
3223
ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:38
It only has to solve one little problem.
378
1118215
2472
๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ž‘์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:40
And to quote a fellow security researcher, Haroon Meer,
379
1120687
5523
๋ณด์•ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€์ธ ํ•ด๋ก  ๋ฏธ์–ด์˜ ๋ง์„ ์ธ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:46
one country only has to make a small wave,
380
1126210
2969
ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์€ ๋ฌผ๊ฒฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:49
but those small waves together become a tide,
381
1129179
3467
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ž‘์€ ๋ฌผ๊ฒฐ์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ ํฐ ํŒŒ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ 
18:52
and the tide will lift all the boats up at the same time,
382
1132646
3620
ํฐ ํŒŒ๋„๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ•œ๊บผ๋ฒˆ์— ๋– ๋ฐ€์–ด ์˜ฌ๋ฆด ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:56
and the tide we will build
383
1136266
1651
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ํฐ ํŒŒ๋„๋Š”
18:57
with secure, free, open-source systems,
384
1137917
3441
๋ณด์•ˆ์ด ๋˜๊ณ , ๊ณต์งœ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์˜คํ”ˆ ์†Œ์Šค ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด๊ณ 
19:01
will become the tide that will lift all of us
385
1141358
2399
์‚ฌ์ฐฐ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด
19:03
up and above the surveillance state.
386
1143757
5582
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผ์ผœ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:09
Thank you very much.
387
1149339
2112
์ •๋ง ๊ณ ๋ง™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:11
(Applause)
388
1151451
2398
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7