Hanna Rosin: New data on the rise of women

92,009 views ใƒป 2010-12-15

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Jireh Kang ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jeong-Lan Kinser
00:15
We are now going through an amazing and unprecedented moment
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚จ๋…€๊ฐ„ ์„ธ๋ ฅ์˜ ์—ญํ•™์ด
00:18
where the power dynamics between men and women
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ธ‰์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š”
00:20
are shifting very rapidly,
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๋†€๋ž๊ณ  ์ „๋ก€๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
and in many of the places where it counts the most,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ
00:25
women are, in fact, taking control of everything.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
In my mother's day, she didn't go to college.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ์‹œ์ ˆ์—๋Š”, ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
Not a lot of women did.
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๋งŽ์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
And now, for every two men who get a college degree,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฌ ๋งค 2๋ช…์˜ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ•™์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
00:35
three women will do the same.
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3๋ช…์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ•™์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
Women, for the first time this year,
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ์˜ฌํ•ด ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ
00:39
became the majority of the American workforce.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋…ธ๋™ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ณผ๋ฐ˜์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
And they're starting to dominate lots of professions --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€
00:44
doctors, lawyers,
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์˜์‚ฌ, ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ,์€ํ–‰๊ฐ€, ํšŒ๊ณ„์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€
00:46
bankers, accountants.
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๋งŽ์€ ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๋“ค์„ ์ ์œ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
Over 50 percent of managers are women these days,
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์š”์ƒˆ๋Š” ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ง์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋ฐ˜ ์ด์ƒ์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
and in the 15 professions
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ์‹ญ๋…„๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ
00:53
projected to grow the most in the next decade,
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์ถ”์ •๋˜๋Š” 15๊ฐœ์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ์ง์ค‘์—์„œ
00:55
all but two of them are dominated by women.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด 2๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง์ข…์„ ์ ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
So the global economy is becoming a place
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค
00:59
where women are more successful than men,
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๋”์šฑ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
believe it or not,
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๋ฏฟ์œผ์‹ค๋Ÿฐ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
01:03
and these economic changes
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š”
01:05
are starting to rapidly affect our culture --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธํ™”์— ๊ธ‰์†ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
what our romantic comedies look like,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋กœ๋งจํ‹ฑ ์ฝ”๋ฏธ๋””๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ์ง€,
01:09
what our marriages look like,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์ด ์–ด๋– ํ•œ์ง€
01:11
what our dating lives look like,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ฐ์˜ˆ ์ƒํ™œ์ด ์–ด๋– ํ•œ์ง€,
01:13
and our new set of superheroes.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์Šˆํผ ์˜์›…์ด ์–ด๋– ํ•œ์ง€์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
For a long time, this is the image of American manhood that dominated --
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์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง€๋ฐฐ์ ์ธ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
tough, rugged,
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๊ฑฐ์น ๊ณ  ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
01:20
in control of his own environment.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์ด์ง€์š”.
01:22
A few years ago, the Marlboro Man was retired
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๋ช‡๋…„ ์ „, ๋ง๋ณด๋กœ ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ ๊ด‘๊ณ ์— ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์€ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ 
01:24
and replaced by this
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ƒ์„ ํ’์žํ•˜๋Š”
01:26
much less impressive specimen,
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋œ ์ธ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ธ๋ฌผ๋กœ
01:28
who is a parody of American manhood,
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๊ด‘๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์น˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
and that's what we have in our commercials today.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ด‘๊ณ ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
The phrase "first-born son"
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๋ง์•„๋“ค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์€
01:35
is so deeply ingrained in our consciousness
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜์‹ ์†์— ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ์ƒˆ๊ฒจ์ ธ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋”ฐ๋ฌธ์—
01:38
that this statistic alone shocked me.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ €๋Š” ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
In American fertility clinics,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ถˆ์ž„ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ณ‘์›์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
01:42
75 percent of couples
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75 ํผ์„ผํŠธ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ€๊ฐ€
01:44
are requesting girls and not boys.
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๋‚จ์ž ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์—ฌ์ž ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
And in places where you wouldn't think,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์ง€๋„ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜
01:48
such as South Korea, India and China,
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ํ•œ๊ตญ, ์ธ๋„, ์ค‘๊ตญ๊ณผ๊ฐ™์€
01:51
the very strict patriarchal societies
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์•„์ฃผ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋ถ€์žฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ๋„
01:53
are starting to break down a little,
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์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ํ—ˆ๋ฌผ์–ด์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:55
and families are no longer
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๊ฐ€์ •์—์„œ๋Š” ๋”์ด์ƒ
01:57
strongly preferring first-born sons.
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๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ง์•„๋“ค์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
If you think about this, if you just open your eyes to this possibility
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜„์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ , ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋– ๋ณด์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:03
and start to connect the dots,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•ด๋ณด์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:05
you can see the evidence everywhere.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
You can see it in college graduation patterns,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์กธ์—… ์–‘์ƒ์—์„œ,
02:09
in job projections,
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์ง์—… ์ „๋ง์—์„œ,
02:11
in our marriage statistics,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ ํ†ต๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ๋ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
you can see it in the Icelandic elections, which you'll hear about later,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์‹ค ์•„์ด์Šค๋žœ๋“œ์˜ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ,
02:16
and you can see it on South Korean surveys on son preference,
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๋‚จ์•„ ์„ ํ˜ธ์—๊ด€ํ•œ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
that something amazing and unprecedented
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋†€๋ž๊ณ  ์ „๋ก€์—†๋Š” ์ผ๋“ค์ด
02:21
is happening with women.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
Certainly this is not the first time that we've had great progress with women.
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ์ง„๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ฒ˜์Œ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
The '20s and the '60s also come to mind.
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20๋…„๋Œ€์™€ 60๋…„๋Œ€๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
02:29
But the difference is that, back then,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์€, ๊ทธ๋•Œ์—๋Š”
02:31
it was driven by a very passionate feminist movement
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์—ด๋ ฌํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ ์šด๋™์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ถ”์ง„ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
that was trying to project its own desires,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐ”๋žจ์„ ํˆฌ์˜ํ•˜๋ ค ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
whereas this time, it's not about passion,
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š”, ์—ด์ •์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:38
and it's not about any kind of movement.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์šด๋™์—์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
This is really just about the facts
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์˜
02:42
of this economic moment that we live in.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
The 200,000-year period
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๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์ด ์šฐ์œ„๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•ด ์™”๋˜
02:46
in which men have been top dog
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์ด์‹ญ๋งŒ๋…„์˜ ์„ธ์›”์€
02:48
is truly coming to an end, believe it or not,
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๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ์–ด๋ ค์šธ์ˆ˜๋„์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์ ์  ๋ง‰์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
and that's why I talk about the "end of men."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์ข…๋ง์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
Now all you men out there,
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚จ์„ฑ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค
02:56
this is not the moment where you tune out or throw some tomatoes,
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ €์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ํ† ๋งˆํ† ๋ฅผ ๋˜์งˆ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
because the point is that this
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด
03:01
is happening to all of us.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
I myself have a husband and a father
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์ €๋„ ๋‚จํŽธ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ฐ€์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
and two sons whom I dearly love.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‘ ์•„๋“ค๋„์žˆ๊ณ ์š”.
03:08
And this is why I like to talk about this,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค..
03:10
because if we don't acknowledge it,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:12
then the transition will be pretty painful.
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์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
But if we do take account of it,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:16
then I think it will go much more smoothly.
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์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
I first started thinking about this about a year and a half ago.
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์ €๋Š” ์ผ๋…„ ๋ฐ˜์ฏค ์ „์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋“ค์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
I was reading headlines about the recession just like anyone else,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•˜๋“ฏ์ด ์ €๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‰ด์Šค๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ์ฝ๊ณ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
and I started to notice a distinct pattern --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
that the recession was affecting men
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๋ถˆ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ๋ณด๋‹ค
03:30
much more deeply than it was affecting women.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
And I remembered back to about 10 years ago
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ํ•œ 10๋…„์ „์ฏค์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์–ต์„ ํ•ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
when I read a book by Susan Faludi
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ์ €๋Š” "Stiffed: The Betrayal of the American Man"์ด๋ผ๋Š”
03:37
called "Stiffed: The Betrayal of the American Man,"
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์ˆ˜์ž” ํŒŒ๋ฃจ๋””์˜ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
in which she described how hard the recession had hit men,
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๊ทธ ์ฑ…์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์ž”์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
and I started to think about
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์‹ฌํ•ด์กŒ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
03:45
whether it had gotten worse this time around in this recession.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
And I realized that two things were different this time around.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ๋“ค์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
The first was that
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์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ๋Š”
03:53
these were no longer just temporary hits
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
03:55
that the recession was giving men --
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๋”์ด์ƒ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
that this was reflecting a deeper
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊นŠ์€ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ณ€๋™์„
03:59
underlying shift in our global economy.
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๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
And second, that the story was no longer
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋”์ด์ƒ
04:03
just about the crisis of men,
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
but it was also about what was happening to women.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
And now look at this second set of slides.
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์ž ์ด์ œ ์ด ๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹ค๊นŒ์š”?
04:09
These are headlines about what's been going on with women in the next few years.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ง€๋‚œ ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ผ๋“ค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ์ œ๋ชฉ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
These are things we never could have imagined a few years ago.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜๋…„์ „์—๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ์ผ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
Women, a majority of the workplace.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ, ์ผํ„ฐ์˜ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜.
04:17
And labor statistics: women take up most managerial jobs.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋™ ํ†ต๊ณ„: ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ง์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋‹ค.
04:20
This second set of headlines --
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ์ œ๋ชฉ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
you can see that families and marriages are starting to shift.
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๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์‹ค์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
And look at that last headline --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
04:27
young women earning more than young men.
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์ Š์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์ Š์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ์†Œ๋“์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
That particular headline comes to me from a market research firm.
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์ด ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์ œ๋ชฉ์€ ์‹œ์žฅ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
They were basically asked by one of their clients
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์ธ๊ทผ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ฃผํƒ์„ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•  ๊ฒƒ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€
04:35
who was going to buy houses in that neighborhood in the future.
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์•Œ์•„๋ด๋‹ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ฐ์˜ ์š”์ฒญ๋“ค ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
And they expected that it would be young families,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
04:40
or young men, just like it had always been.
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์ Š์€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด๋‚˜, ์ Š์€ ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ฃผํƒ์„ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
But in fact, they found something very surprising.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฑ”๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
It was young, single women
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์ธ๊ทผ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์ฃผํƒ ๊ตฌ์ž…์ž๋“ค์€
04:46
who were the major purchasers of houses in the neighborhood.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ Š์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:49
And so they decided, because they were intrigued by this finding,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ์ด ๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ
04:52
to do a nationwide survey.
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์ „๊ตญ์ ์ธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
So they spread out all the census data,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ†ต๊ณ„ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋“ค์„ ํŽผ์ณ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
and what they found, the guy described to me as a shocker,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์ œ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
which is that in 1,997
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2,000๊ฐœ์˜ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ค‘
05:02
out of 2,000 communities,
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1,997๊ฐœ์˜ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ
05:04
women, young women,
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์—ฌ์„ฑ, ์ฆ‰ ์ Š์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด
05:06
were making more money than young men.
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์ Š์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ์†Œ๋“์ด ๋” ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
So here you have a generation of young women
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ฃผ์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค ๋ณด๋‹ค
05:10
who grow up thinking of themselves
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์ž์‹ ๋“ค์„ ๋” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์žˆ๋Š” ์†Œ๋“์ธ๋“ค๋กœ
05:12
as being more powerful earners
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š”
05:14
than the young men around them.
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์ Š์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ์„ธ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
Now, I've just laid out the picture for you,
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์•ž์— ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ํŽผ์ณ ๋†“์•˜์„ ๋ฟ์ด๊ณ 
05:19
but I still haven't explained to you why this is happening.
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์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š” ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์•„์ง ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
And in a moment, I'm going to show you a graph,
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๊ณง, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
and what you'll see on this graph --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์€์š”...
05:26
it begins in 1973,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์ผํ„ฐ๋กœ ์Ÿ์•„์ ธ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง์ „์ธ,
05:28
just before women start flooding the workforce,
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1973๋…„์— ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์„œ
05:30
and it brings us up to our current day.
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ํ˜„์žฌ์— ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
And basically what you'll see
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์€
05:35
is what economists talk about
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๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ์–‘๊ทนํ™”๋ผ๊ณ 
05:37
as the polarization of the economy.
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๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
Now what does that mean?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
05:41
It means that the economy is dividing into high-skill, high-wage jobs
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์ˆ , ๊ณ  ์ž„๊ธˆ ์ง์—…๊ณผ
05:44
and low-skill, low-wage jobs --
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์ €๊ธฐ์ˆ , ์ €์ž„๊ธˆ ์ง์—…์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
05:46
and that the middle, the middle-skill jobs,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ๊ธฐ์ˆ , ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์†Œ๋“์˜ ์ง์—…์€
05:49
and the middle-earning jobs, are starting to drop out of the economy.
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
This has been going on for 40 years now.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜„์ƒ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ 40๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ง€์†๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
But this process is affecting men
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ๊ณผ๋Š”
05:56
very differently than it's affecting women.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
You'll see the women in red, and you'll see the men in blue.
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๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ , ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
You'll watch them both drop out of the middle class,
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๋‚จ๋…€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ค‘๊ฐ„๊ณ„์ธต์—์„œ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
but see what happens to women and see what happens to men.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ๊ณผ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์„ ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:08
There we go.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
So watch that. You see them both drop out of the middle class.
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๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋‚จ๋…€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ๊ณ„์ธต์—์„œ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
Watch what happens to the women. Watch what happens to the men.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์„ ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋‚จ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์„ ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:16
The men sort of stagnate there,
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๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ์ •์ฒด๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด,
06:18
while the women zoom up in those high-skill jobs.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ง์—…์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์Šนํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:20
So what's that about?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
06:22
It looks like women got some power boost on a video game,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค ๊ฒŒ์ž„์—์„œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์–ด๋–ค ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ถ€์–‘๋ฐ›๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
06:25
or like they snuck in some secret serum into their birth-control pills
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ํ˜น์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋†’์ด ์น˜์†Ÿ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”
06:28
that lets them shoot up high.
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๋น„๋ฐ€์˜ ์•ฝ์„ ์‚ด๋ฉฐ์‹œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ”ผ์ž„์•ฝ์— ๋„ฃ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
But of course, it's not about that.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
What it's about is that the economy has changed a lot.
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:35
We used to have a manufacturing economy,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์žฌํ™”์™€ ์ œํ’ˆ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋˜
06:37
which was about building goods and products,
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์ œ์กฐ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ์‚ด์•˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
and now we have a service economy
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„œ๋น„์Šค ๊ฒฝ์ œ,
06:42
and an information and creative economy.
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์ •๋ณด์™€ ์ฐฝ์กฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
Those two economies require very different skills,
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์ด ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
and as it happens, women have been much better
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ต๋กญ๊ฒŒ๋„, ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค ๋ณด๋‹ค
06:49
at acquiring the new set of skills than men have been.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ์Šต๋“ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
It used to be that you were
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์กธ์—…ํ•˜๊ณ ,
06:54
a guy who went to high school
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๋Œ€ํ•™ ํ•™์œ„๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
06:56
who didn't have a college degree,
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ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
06:58
but you had a specific set of skills,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋…ธ์กฐ์˜ ๋„์›€์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”
07:00
and with the help of a union,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ๋‚จ์ž๋ผ๋ฉด
07:02
you could make yourself a pretty good middle-class life.
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๊ฝค ๊ฑด์‹คํ•œ ์ค‘์‚ฐ์ธต ์ƒํ™œ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
But that really isn't true anymore.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋”์ด์ƒ ๋งž๋Š” ๋ง์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
This new economy is pretty indifferent
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š”
07:08
to size and strength,
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์—ฌํƒœ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์šฉํ•ด์™”๋˜
07:10
which is what's helped men along all these years.
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ํฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ํž˜๊ณผ๋Š” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
What the economy requires now
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
07:14
is a whole different set of skills.
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
You basically need intelligence,
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๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์„ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
07:18
you need an ability to sit still and focus,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์–˜๊ธฐ์— ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
07:21
to communicate openly,
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์˜ˆ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์œ ๋™์ ์ธ ์ผํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
07:23
to be able to listen to people
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”์–ด์•ผํ•˜๊ณ 
07:25
and to operate in a workplace that is much more fluid than it used to be,
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๊ฐ€๋งŒํžˆ ์•‰์•„ ์ง‘์ค‘์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ํ•„๋ฃŒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
and those are things that women do extremely well,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด
07:30
as we're seeing.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
If you look at management theory these days,
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์š”์ฆ˜, ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ด๋ก ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
07:34
it used to be that our ideal leader
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ง€๋„์ž๋Š”
07:36
sounded something like General Patton, right?
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ํŒจํŠผ ์žฅ๊ตฐ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
07:38
You would be issuing orders from above.
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์ƒ๋ถ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ช…๋ น์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ
07:40
You would be very hierarchical.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ณ„๊ธ‰์ ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ 
07:42
You would tell everyone below you what to do.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹  ์•„๋ž˜์˜ ๋ชจ๋“ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์ง€ ๋ง์„ ํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
But that's not what an ideal leader is like now.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ง€๋„์ž์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
If you read management books now,
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๋งค๋‹ˆ์ง€๋ฉ˜ํŠธ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๋ฉด
07:48
a leader is somebody who can foster creativity,
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์ง€๋„์ž๋Š” ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ์„ ์œก์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ฉฐ,
07:51
who can get his -- get the employees -- see, I still say "his" --
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์ž์‹ ์˜(his) ๊ณ ์šฉ์ธ... ๋ณด์„ธ์š” ์•„์ง๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ์ €๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž(his)๋ผ๊ณ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋„ค์š”.
07:54
who can get the employees to talk to each other,
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๊ณ ์šฉ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ๋” ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ณ ,
07:56
who can basically build teams and get them to be creative.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ€์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ ํŒ€์—๊ฒŒ ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ์„ ๋ถˆ์–ด ๋„ฃ์–ด ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
And those are all things that women do very well.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
And then on top of that, that's created a kind of cascading effect.
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๋ง๋ถ™์—ฌ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ํญํฌ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
Women enter the workplace at the top,
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์ง์žฅ์˜ ์ตœ๊ณ ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด
08:07
and then at the working class,
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๋…ธ๋™ ๊ณ„์ธต์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
08:09
all the new jobs that are created
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์ƒˆ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง์—…๋“ค์€
08:11
are the kinds of jobs that wives used to do for free at home.
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์•„๋‚ด๋“ค์ด ์ง‘์—์„œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ํ•˜๋˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ผ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
So that's childcare,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„์ด๋Œ๋ณด๊ธฐ,
08:16
elder care and food preparation.
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์–ด๋ฅธ๋“ค ๋ชจ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์Œ์‹ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
So those are all the jobs that are growing,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง์—…๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
and those are jobs that women tend to do.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ์ผ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ํ•˜๋˜ ์ผ์ด์ง€์š”.
08:22
Now one day it might be
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์ด์ œ, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š”
08:24
that mothers will hire an out-of-work,
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์—„๋งˆ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์ด์—†๋Š”
08:27
middle-aged, former steelworker guy
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์ค‘๋…„์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ฒ ๊ฐ•์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋…”๋˜ ๋‚จ์ž๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
08:29
to watch their children at home,
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์ง‘์—์„œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
and that would be good for the men, but that hasn't quite happened yet.
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๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€์ผ ์ผ์ˆ˜๋„์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ง ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€๋Š”์•Š์•˜์ง€์š”.
08:34
To see what's going to happen, you can't just look at the workforce that is now,
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ๋…ธ๋™์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•„์„  ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
you have to look at our future workforce.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ๋…ธ๋™์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•„์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
And here the story is fairly simple.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
08:43
Women are getting college degrees
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ
08:45
at a faster rate than men.
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๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ํ•™์œ„๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
Why? This is a real mystery.
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์™œ๋ƒ๊ณ ์š”? ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
People have asked men, why don't they just go back to college,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
to community college, say, and retool themselves,
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ด๋‚˜ ์ง€์—ญ ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ๊ฐ€์„œ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์žฌ์ •๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ ,
08:54
learn a new set of skills?
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š๋ƒ๊ตฌ์š”.
08:56
Well it turns out that they're just very uncomfortable doing that.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
They're used to thinking of themselves as providers,
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๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ์Šค์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์–‘์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
and they can't seem to build the social networks
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ๋งˆ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”
09:03
that allow them to get through college.
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์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ธ๋งฅ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋“ฏ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
So for some reason
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์œ ๋กœ
09:07
men just don't end up going back to college.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์€ ๋Œ€ํ•™์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
And what's even more disturbing
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋”์šฑ ๋” ๊ฑฑ์ •์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
09:11
is what's happening with younger boys.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
There's been about a decade of research
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์†Œ์œ„ ๋‚จ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ
09:15
about what people are calling the "boy crisis."
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์•ฝ ์‹ญ๋…„์ •๋„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์–ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋‹ค.
09:17
Now the boy crisis is this idea
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๋‚จ์ž ์•„์ด์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:19
that very young boys, for whatever reason,
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ๋‚จ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ด์œ ์ด๋“ ์ง€ ๊ฐ„์—
09:22
are doing worse in school than very young girls,
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์—ฌ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค์— ๋น„ํ•ด์„œ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์ฒ˜์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
and people have theories about that.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด๋ก ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
Is it because we have an excessively verbal curriculum,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์–ธ์–ด ๊ต๊ณผ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
09:29
and little girls are better at that than little boys?
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์—ฌ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋ฆฐ ๋‚จ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ๋” ์ž˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
09:31
Or that we require kids to sit still too much,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฐ€๋งŒํžˆ ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ผ๊ณ  ์š”๊ตฌํ•ด์„œ
09:34
and so boys initially feel like failures?
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๋‚จ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์• ์ดˆ์— ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
09:36
And some people say it's because,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ 9ํ•™๋…„ ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
09:38
in 9th grade, boys start dropping out of school.
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๋‚จ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ํ•™๊ต์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ ๋‘๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
Because I'm writing a book about all this, I'm still looking into it,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ฑ…์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
so I don't have the answer.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ €๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
But in the mean time, I'm going to call on the worldwide education expert,
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ํ•œํŽธ, ์ €๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๊ต์œก ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ธ,
09:48
who's my 10-year-old daughter, Noa,
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์ €์˜ 10์‚ด๋‚œ ๋”ธ ๋…ธ์•„์—๊ฒŒ
09:50
to talk to you about
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๋”ธ ์•„์ด์˜ ๋ฐ˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์™œ ์ฒ˜์ง€๋Š” ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
09:52
why the boys in her class do worse.
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๋งํ•ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
(Video) Noa: The girls are obviously smarter.
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๋…ธ์•„:์—ฌ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋” ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ด์š”.
09:57
I mean they have much larger vocabulary.
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์—ฌ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
10:00
They learn much faster.
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์—ฌ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ ์š”.
10:02
They are more controlled.
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋ง์„ ์ž˜ ๋“ค์–ด์š”.
10:04
On the board today for losing recess tomorrow, only boys.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ง€์ ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ๋‚ด์ผ ํœด์‹ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚จ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค๋ฟ์ด์˜ˆ์š”.
10:07
Hanna Rosin: And why is that?
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ํ•œ๋‚˜ ๋กœ์‹ :์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€?
10:09
Noa: Why? They were just not listening to the class
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๋…ธ๋ผ:์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ƒ๋ฉด์š”. ๋‚จ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ˆ˜์—… ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋ง์„ ์•ˆ๋“ค์–ด์š”.
10:11
while the girls sat there very nicely.
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์—ฌ์ž ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์–Œ์ „ํžˆ ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
10:13
HR: So there you go.
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ํ•œ๋‚˜ ๋กœ์‹ :๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
This whole thesis really came home to me
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์บ”์‚ฌ์Šค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋™์ž ๊ณ„์ธต์˜
10:17
when I went to visit a college in Kansas City --
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ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
10:20
working-class college.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์„ค์ด ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ€์Šด์— ์™€ ๋‹ฟ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:22
Certainly, when I was in college, I had certain expectations about my life --
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์ €๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ๋‹ค๋‹ ๋•Œ, ์ œ ์‚ถ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
that my husband and I would both work,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์™€ ๋‚ด ๋‚จํŽธ์€ ๋‘˜๋‹ค ์ผ์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
10:28
and that we would equally raise the children.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™๋“ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ํ‚ค์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:30
But these college girls
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด ์—ฌ๋Œ€์ƒ๋“ค์€
10:32
had a completely different view of their future.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:34
Basically, the way they said it to me is
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Œ€์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
that they would be working 18 hours a day,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— 18์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ผํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,
10:39
that their husband would maybe have a job,
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๋‚จํŽธ๋“ค๋„ ์ง์—…์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
10:41
but that mostly he would be at home taking care of the kiddies.
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๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ๋‚จํŽธ๋“ค์€ ์ง‘์—์„œ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋‚˜ ๋Œ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์˜ˆ์š”.
10:44
And this was kind of a shocker to me.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
And then here's my favorite quote from one of the girls:
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•œ ์—ฌํ•™์ƒ์ด ์ œ ๋ง˜์— ๋“œ๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฏธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
"Men are the new ball and chain."
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"๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์กฑ์‡„์˜ˆ์š”."
10:51
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:54
Now you laugh,
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์ด์ œ ์›ƒ์œผ์‹œ๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”.
10:56
but that quote has kind of a sting to it, right?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ๋ง์—๋Š” ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๊ฐ€์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
And I think the reason it has a sting
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๊ทธ ๋ง์— ๊ฐ€์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
11:00
is because thousands of years of history
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋…„์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋Š”
11:02
don't reverse themselves
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์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ๊ณ ํ†ต์ด ์—†์ด๋Š”
11:04
without a lot of pain,
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๋’ค์ง‘ํ˜€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
and that's why I talk about
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
11:08
us all going through this together.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
The night after I talked to these college girls,
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์ด ์—ฌ๋Œ€์ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆˆ ํ›„ ์ €๋…์—๋Š”
11:13
I also went to a men's group in Kansas,
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์บ”์‚ฌ์Šค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชจ์ž„์— ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ”์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:15
and these were exactly the kind of victims of the manufacturing economy
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์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ œ์กฐ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:18
which I spoke to you about earlier.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ž์„œ ๋ง์”€์„ ๋“œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
They were men who had been contractors,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋„๊ธ‰์—…์ž๋“ค์ด์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
11:22
or they had been building houses
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์ง‘์„ ์ง“๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
11:24
and they had lost their jobs after the housing boom,
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์ฃผํƒ ๋ถ ์ดํ›„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง์—…์„ ์žƒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
and they were in this group because they were failing to pay their child support.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž๋…€ ๋ถ€์–‘๋น„๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ๋ชจ์ž„์— ์™€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
And the instructor was up there in the class
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์˜ ์ค‘์—
11:31
explaining to them all the ways
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๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ์žƒ๊ฒŒ๋œ
11:33
in which they had lost their identity in this new age.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์œ„๋“ค์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:36
He was telling them they no longer had any moral authority,
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๊ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์–ด๋–ค ๋„๋•์  ๊ถŒ์œ„๋„ ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ,
11:39
that nobody needed them for emotional support anymore,
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ฐ์ •์  ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ,
11:41
and they were not really the providers.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ถ€์–‘์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:43
So who were they?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
11:45
And this was very disheartening for them.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์ ˆ๋ง์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
And what he did was he wrote down on the board
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ์น ํŒ์—
11:49
"$85,000,"
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85,000 ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์“ฐ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ,
11:51
and he said, "That's her salary,"
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"์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ด‰๊ธ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
and then he wrote down "$12,000."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” 12,00๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:56
"That's your salary.
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"์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ด‰๊ธ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:58
So who's the man now?" he asked them.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?" ๊ฐ•์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
"Who's the damn man?
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"๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:02
She's the man now."
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
12:04
And that really sent a shudder through the room.
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์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ฐ•์˜์‹ค ์ „์ฒด์— ์ „์œจ์ด ํ˜๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
And that's part of the reason I like to talk about this,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์ ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์žํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์˜ ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
because I think it can be pretty painful,
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์ด๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
12:10
and we really have to work through it.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฐธ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ—ค์ณ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
And the other reason it's kind of urgent
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์œ ๋Š”, ๋‹ค์†Œ ๊ธ‰๋ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ,
12:14
is because it's not just happening in the U.S.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:16
It's happening all over the world.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
In India, poor women are learning English
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์ธ๋„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋นˆ๊ณคํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋นˆ๊ณคํ•œ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค
12:20
faster than their male counterparts
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
in order to staff the new call centers
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์ธ๋„์—์„œ ๋ฒˆ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
12:24
that are growing in India.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ฝœ ์„ผํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
In China, a lot of the opening up of private entrepreneurship
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์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์ฐฝ์—…์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
12:29
is happening because women are starting businesses,
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์ด๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค
12:31
small businesses, faster than men.
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๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค, ์ฆ‰ ์†Œ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:33
And here's my favorite example, which is in South Korea.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ก€์ธ๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:36
Over several decades,
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์ˆ˜ ์‹ญ๋…„๊ฐ„,
12:38
South Korea built one of the most patriarchal societies we know about.
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ํ•œ๊ตญ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๋ถ€์žฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:41
They basically enshrined the second-class status of women
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ํ•œ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ด๋ฅ˜์  ์ง€์œ„๋ฅผ
12:45
in the civil code.
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๋ฏผ๋ฒ•์ƒ์— ๋ช…์‹œํ•ด ๋†“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
And if women failed to birth male children,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŒ์ผ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚จ์ž ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด
12:49
they were basically treated like domestic servants.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ์ง‘์•ˆ์˜ ์ข…์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์šฐ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:52
And sometimes family would pray to the spirits to kill off a girl child
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ์ง‘์•ˆ์€ ์—ฌ์ž ์•„์ด๋Š” ์ฃฝ๊ณ ,
12:55
so they could have a male child.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚จ์ž์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์‹ ๋ น๋‹˜๊ป˜ ๋นŒ๊ณค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:57
But over the '70s and '80s,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 70๋…„๋Œ€์™€ 80๋…„๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋ฉด์„œ,
12:59
the South Korea government decided they wanted to rapidly industrialize,
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ํ•œ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ธ‰์†ํ•œ ์‚ฐ์—…ํ™”๋ฅผ ํƒํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:02
and so what they did was,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ผ์€
13:04
they started to push women into the workforce.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ์ผํ„ฐ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ชฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:06
Now they've been asking a question since 1985:
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"์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ง์•„๋“ค์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?'๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„
13:09
"How strongly do you prefer a first-born son?"
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1985๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ•œ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:11
And now look at the chart.
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์ž, ๋„ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
13:13
That's from 1985 to 2003.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ 1985๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2003๋…„์˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:16
How much do you prefer a first-born son?
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ง์•„๋“ค์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:18
So you can see that these economic changes
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€
13:20
really do have a strong effect on our culture.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”์— ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ์‹ค๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:23
Now because we haven't fully processed this information,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
13:26
it's kind of coming back to us in our pop culture
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์ด ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ค‘๋ฌธํ™”์†์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ
13:28
in these kind of weird and exaggerated ways,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ดด์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณผ์žฅ๋œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜ํ–ฅ๋˜์–ด์ง€๋ฉด์„œ
13:31
where you can see that the stereotypes are changing.
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๊ณ ์ •๊ด€๋…์ด ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:34
And so we have on the male side
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚จ์ž์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด
13:36
what one of my colleagues likes to call the "omega males" popping up,
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์ €์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ์ค‘์˜ ํ•œ ๋ช…์€ '์˜ค๋ฉ”๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ' ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
13:39
who are the males who are romantically challenged losers
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚ญ๋งŒ์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ฌด๋Šฅํ•œ ์‹คํŒจ์ž์ด๋ฉด์„œ
13:41
who can't find a job.
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์ง์—…์„ ์ฐพ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‚จ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:43
And they come up in lots of different forms.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:46
So we have the perpetual adolescent.
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์˜์›ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ถ˜๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:49
We have the charmless misanthrope.
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๋งค๋ ฅ์—†๋Š” ์—ผ์„ธ์ฃผ์˜์ž๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:52
Then we have our Bud Light guy
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์†ŒํŒŒ์— ์ณ๋ฐ•ํ˜€ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›Œํ•˜๋Š”
13:54
who's the happy couch potato.
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๋ฒ„๋“œ ๋ผ์ดํŠธ(๋งฅ์ฃผ ์ด๋ฆ„) ์• ์ฃผ๊ฐ€๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:56
And then here's a shocker: even America's most sexiest man alive,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์„น์‹œํ•œ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์กฐ์ฐจ,
13:59
the sexiest man alive
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์กฐ์ฐจ๋„
14:01
gets romantically played these days in a movie.
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์š”์ƒˆ๋Š” ์˜ํ™” ์†์—์„œ ๋กœ๋งจํ‹ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ ค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:03
And then on the female side, you have the opposite,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ธ๋ฐ.
14:06
in which you have these crazy superhero women.
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๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์˜์›…์ƒ์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
You've got Lady Gaga.
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๋ ˆ์ด๋”” ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€(๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ˆ˜)๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฌ์š”.
14:12
You've got our new James Bond, who's Angelina Jolie.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ œ์ž„์Šค ๋ณธ๋“œ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์•ˆ์ ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ์กธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:15
And it's not just for the young, right?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ๋งž๋Š” ๋ง์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:18
Even Helen Mirren can hold a gun these days.
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ํ—ฌ๋ Œ ๋ฏธ๋ Œ(์˜ํ™” ๋ฐฐ์šฐ)์กฐ์ฐจ๋„ ์š”์ƒˆ๋Š” ์ด์„ ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:21
And so it feels like we have to move from this place
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ๊ณผ์žฅ๋œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์—์„œ
14:24
where we've got these uber-exaggerated images
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๋‹ค์†Œ ์ก์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Š๊ปด์ง€๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ ๊ฐ€์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ 
14:27
into something that feels a little more normal.
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์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:30
So for a long time in the economic sphere,
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์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ์žˆ์–ด
14:32
we've lived with the term "glass ceiling."
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์œ ๋ฆฌ ์ฒœ์žฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ง€๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:34
Now I've never really liked this term.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ €๋Š” ์ด ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:36
For one thing, it puts men and women
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์ฒซ์งธ๋กœ ์ด ๋ง์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์„
14:38
in a really antagonistic relationship with one another,
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์ •๋ง๋กœ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ ๋Œ€์ ์ธ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:41
because the men are these devious tricksters up there
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์œ ๋ฆฌ ์ฒœ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋†“๊ณ 
14:43
who've put up this glass ceiling.
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๊ทธ ์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์•…ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊พผ๋“ค๋กœ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
And we're always below the glass ceiling, the women.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์œ ๋ฆฌ ์ฒœ์žฅ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:48
And we have a lot of skill and experience,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ,
14:51
but it's a trick, so how are you supposed to prepare
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์†์ž„์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์œ ๋ฆฌ ์ฒœ์žฅ์„ ๋šซ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
14:53
to get through that glass ceiling?
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์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
14:55
And also, "shattering the glass ceiling" is a terrible phrase.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋˜ํ•œ ์œ ๋ฆฌ ์ฒœ์žฅ์„ ๊นฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋”์ฐํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:58
What crazy person
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฏธ์นœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
15:00
would pop their head through a glass ceiling?
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์œ ๋ฆฌ ์ฒœ์žฅ์„ ๋šซ๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋†“๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
15:02
So the image that I like to think of,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋Š”
15:04
instead of glass ceiling,
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์œ ๋ฆฌ ์ฒœ์žฅ๋Œ€์‹ 
15:06
is the high bridge.
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๋†’์€ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:08
It's definitely terrifying to stand at the foot of a high bridge,
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๋†’์€ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ ์œ„์— ์„ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋ฌด์„œ์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:11
but it's also pretty exhilarating,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:13
because it's beautiful up there,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์œ„๋Š” ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›Œ์„œ
15:15
and you're looking out on a beautiful view.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ํ’๊ฒฝ์„ ๋‚ด๋‹ค ๋ณด์‹œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:18
And the great thing is there's no trick like with the glass ceiling.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—” ์œ ๋ฆฌ ์ฒœ์žฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์†์ž„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
There's no man or woman standing in the middle
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—” ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์„œ์„œ ์ค„์„ ๋Š์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”
15:23
about to cut the cables.
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‚จ์ž๋‚˜ ์—ฌ์ž๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:25
There's no hole in the middle that you're going to fall through.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—” ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋น ์งˆ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:27
And the great thing is that you can take anyone along with you.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋“  ์ง€ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:30
You can bring your husband along.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋‚จํŽธ์„ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:32
You can bring your friends, or your colleagues,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š”๋Š” ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:34
or your babysitter to walk along with you.
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๋˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ณด๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฑธ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:36
And husbands can drag their wives across, if their wives don't feel ready.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŒ์ผ ์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚จํŽธ์€ ์•„๋‚ด๋ฅผ ๋Œ๊ณ  ๊ฑด๋„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:39
But the point about the high bridge
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋†’์€ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š”์ง€๋Š”
15:41
is that you have to have the confidence
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์— ์„œ ์žˆ์„ ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
15:43
to know that you deserve to be on that bridge,
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์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:45
that you have all the skills and experience you need
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋†’์€ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
15:48
in order to walk across the high bridge,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:51
but you just have to make the decision
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฐœ์„ ๋–ผ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
15:53
to take the first step and do it.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:55
Thanks very much.
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๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:57
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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