Kevin Kelly: The next 5,000 days of the web

211,318 views ใƒป 2008-07-29

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Dr. Eitan Eliram ืžื‘ืงืจ: Shahar Kaiser
00:16
The Internet, the Web as we know it,
0
16160
2000
ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜, ื”ืจืฉืช, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื”,
00:18
the kind of Web -- the things we're all talking about --
1
18160
3000
ืกื•ื’ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืจืฉืช, ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื•ื“ื•ืชื
00:21
is already less than 5,000 days old.
2
21160
4000
ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-5,000 ื™ื•ื.
00:25
So all of the things that we've seen come about,
3
25160
4000
ืื– ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืชื”ื•ื•
00:29
starting, say, with satellite images of the whole Earth,
4
29160
3000
ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื, ื ืืžืจ, ืขื ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืœื•ื•ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ
00:32
which we couldn't even imagine happening before,
5
32160
3000
ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืฉืืคืฉืจื™ --
00:35
all these things rolling into our lives,
6
35160
4000
ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืฉืžืชื’ืœื’ืœื™ื ืืœ ืชื•ืš ื—ื™ื™ื ื•,
00:39
just this abundance of things that are right before us,
7
39160
5000
ื”ืฉืคืข ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืžืฉ ืœืคื ื™ื ื•
00:44
sitting in front of our laptop, or our desktop.
8
44160
2000
ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืงื“ืžืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ืื• ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื•.
00:46
This kind of cornucopia of stuff
9
46160
2000
ืงืจืŸ ื”ืฉืคืข ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
00:48
just coming and never ending is amazing, and we're not amazed.
10
48160
6000
ืฉืจืง ื‘ืื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื ื“ื”ืžื™ื.
00:54
It's really amazing that all this stuff is here.
11
54160
4000
ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืžื“ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื›ืืŸ.
00:58
(Laughter)
12
58160
1000
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:59
It's in 5,000 days, all this stuff has come.
13
59160
4000
ื–ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš 5,000 ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ืื•.
01:03
And I know that 10 years ago,
14
63160
3000
ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืœืคื ื™ ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื
01:06
if I had told you that this was all coming,
15
66160
2000
ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื ืฉื›ืœ ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข
01:08
you would have said that that's impossible.
16
68160
3000
ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™
01:11
There's simply no economic model that that would be possible.
17
71160
5000
ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืžื•ื“ืœ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ื• ื–ื” ืืคืฉืจื™.
01:16
And if I told you it was all coming for free,
18
76160
2000
ื•ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื
01:18
you would say, this is simply -- you're dreaming.
19
78160
2000
ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืื•ืžืจื™ื, ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜...ืืชื” ื—ื•ืœื
01:20
You're a Californian utopian. You're a wild-eyed optimist.
20
80160
4000
ืืชื” ืื•ื˜ื•ืคื™ืกื˜ ืžืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”, ืืชื” ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืกื˜ ื”ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื”ืงื™ืฅ
01:24
And yet it's here.
21
84160
2000
ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช, ื–ื” ื›ืืŸ.
01:26
The other thing that we know about it was that 10 years ago,
22
86160
4000
ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื”ื•ื ืฉืœืคื ื™ ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื,
01:30
as I looked at what even Wired was talking about,
23
90160
3000
ื›ืฉื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ืชื™ ืืช ืžื” ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืจื“ ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื•,
01:33
we thought it was going to be TV, but better.
24
93160
3000
ื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ืฉื–ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”, ืืš ืžืฉื•ืคืจืช.
01:36
That was the model. That was what everybody was suggesting
25
96160
4000
ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื”ืฆื™ืขื•
01:40
was going to be coming.
26
100160
2000
ืฉื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช.
01:42
And it turns out that that's not what it was.
27
102160
3000
ื•ื”ืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื–ื” ืœื ืžื” ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื”.
01:45
First of all, it was impossible, and it's not what it was.
28
105160
3000
ืจืืฉื™ืช ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™, ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืžื” ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื”
01:48
And so one of the things that I think we're learning --
29
108160
1000
ืื– ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื ื• ืœืžื“ื™ื
01:49
if you think about, like, Wikipedia,
30
109160
2000
ืื ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœืžืฉืœ ืขืœ ื ื ื™ื—, ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ืคื“ื™ื”
01:51
it's something that was simply impossible.
31
111160
2000
ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™
01:53
It's impossible in theory, but possible in practice.
32
113160
4000
ื–ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ ื‘ืชืื•ืจื™ื”, ืืš ืืคืฉืจื™ ืœืžืขืฉื”
01:57
And if you take all these things that are impossible,
33
117160
1000
ื•ืื ืืชื ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืฉืื™ื ื ืืคืฉืจื™ื™ื,
01:58
I think one of the things that we're learning from this era,
34
118160
4000
ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื–ืืช
02:02
from this last decade, is that we have to get good at believing in the impossible,
35
122160
4000
ืžื”ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชื—ื–ืง ื‘ืืžื•ื ืชื ื• ื‘ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™,
02:06
because we're unprepared for it.
36
126160
3000
ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืืœื™ื•.
02:09
So, I'm curious about what's going to happen in the next 5,000 days.
37
129160
3000
ืื– ืื ื™ ืกืงืจืŸ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื” ืฉื™ืงืจื” ื‘-5,000 ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื.
02:12
But if that's happened in the last 5,000 days,
38
132160
2000
ืืš ืื ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืงืจื” ื‘ื—ืžืฉืช ืืœืคื™ื ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื—ืœืคื•,
02:14
what's going to happen in the next 5,000 days?
39
134160
3000
ืžื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ื—ืžืฉืช ืืœืคื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื?
02:17
So, I have a kind of a simple story,
40
137160
3000
ืื–, ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืคืฉื•ื˜
02:20
and it suggests that what we want to think about is this thing that we're making,
41
140160
3000
ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื™ืข ืฉืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื• ื–ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื•ืชื• ืื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื
02:23
this thing that has happened in 5,000 days --
42
143160
2000
ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืžืฉืš 5,000 ื™ืžื™ื.
02:25
that's all these computers, all these handhelds,
43
145160
3000
ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•, ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ืฉืื™ื
02:28
all these cell phones, all these laptops, all these servers --
44
148160
4000
ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ื”ืกืœื•ืœืจื™ื™ื, ื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื, ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืจืชื™ื
02:32
basically what we're getting out of all these connections
45
152160
4000
ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ื•ืฆื ืœื ื• ืžื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•
02:36
is we're getting one machine.
46
156160
2000
ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžื›ื•ื ื” ืื—ืช.
02:38
If there is only one machine, and our little handhelds and devices
47
158160
4000
ืื ื™ืฉื ื” ืžื›ื•ื ื” ืื—ืช ื•ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื•ื”ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื
02:42
are actually just little windows into those machines,
48
162160
2000
ื”ื ื‘ืขืฆื ืจืง ื—ืœื•ื ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืœืชื•ืš ืื•ืชืŸ ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช
02:44
but that we're basically constructing a single, global machine.
49
164160
6000
ืืš ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ื‘ืขืฆื ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื–ื• ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ืื—ืช.
02:50
And so I began to think about that.
50
170160
2000
ืื– ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื”
02:52
And it turned out that this machine happens to be
51
172160
3000
ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืžืชื’ืœื”
02:55
the most reliable machine that we've ever made.
52
175160
3000
ื›ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ืืžื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื™ืฆืจื ื• ืื™ ืคืขื.
02:58
It has not crashed; it's running uninterrupted.
53
178160
2000
ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ืชืจืกืงื”, ื”ื™ื ืžืชืคืงื“ืช ืœืœื ื”ืคืจืขื”
03:00
And there's almost no other machine that we've ever made
54
180160
3000
ื•ื›ืžืขื˜ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืฉืื™ ืคืขื ื™ืฆืจื ื•
03:03
that runs the number of hours, the number of days.
55
183160
4000
ืฉืคื•ืขืœืช ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืฉืขื•ืช, ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ื
03:07
5,000 days without interruption -- that's just unbelievable.
56
187160
3000
5,000 ื™ื•ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ื”ืคืจืขื”, ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ื™ืืžืŸ.
03:10
And of course, the Internet is longer than just 5,000 days;
57
190160
2000
ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืืจื•ืš ืž-5,000 ื™ืžื™ื,
03:12
the Web is only 5,000 days.
58
192160
2000
ื”ืจืฉืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ืช 5,000 ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
03:14
So, I was trying to basically make measurements.
59
194160
6000
ืื– ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ื‘ืขืฆื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื“ื•ืช
03:20
What are the dimensions of this machine?
60
200160
3000
ืžื”ื ืžื™ืžื“ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื•?
03:23
And I started off by calculating how many billions of clicks there are
61
203160
4000
ื•ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ืžื” ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ ืงืœื™ืงื™ื ื™ืฉื ื
03:27
all around the globe on all the computers.
62
207160
3000
ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ื•ืก ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื
03:30
And there is a 100 billion clicks per day.
63
210160
2000
ื•ื™ืฉื ื 100 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืงืœื™ืงื™ื ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื
03:32
And there's 55 trillion links between all the Web pages of the world.
64
212160
6000
ื•ื™ืฉื ื 55 ื˜ืจื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื“ืคื™ ื”ืจืฉืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
03:38
And so I began thinking more about other kinds of dimensions,
65
218160
3000
ืื– ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขื•ื“ ืขืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ืžื“ื™ื
03:41
and I made a quick list. Was it Chris Jordan, the photographer,
66
221160
5000
ื•ื”ื›ื ืชื™ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื•ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ื›ืจื™ืก ื’'ื•ืจื“ืŸ, ื”ืฆืœื
03:46
talking about numbers being so large that they're meaningless?
67
226160
4000
ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืžืกืคืจื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื”ื ืžืื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื?
03:50
Well, here's a list of them. They're hard to tell,
68
230160
2000
ื˜ื•ื‘, ื”ื ื” ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœื”ื, ืงืฉื” ืœื•ืžืจ
03:52
but there's one billion PC chips on the Internet,
69
232160
4000
ืืš ื™ืฉื ื ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
03:56
if you count all the chips in all the computers on the Internet.
70
236160
2000
ืื ืืชื ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜.
03:58
There's two million emails per second.
71
238160
2000
ื™ืฉ 2 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื“ื•ื"ืœ ื›ืœ ืฉื ื™ื”
04:00
So it's a very big number.
72
240160
2000
ืื– ื–ื” ืžืกืคืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืื•ื“.
04:02
It's just a huge machine,
73
242160
2000
ื–ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžื›ื•ื ื” ืขื ืงื™ืช
04:04
and it uses five percent of the global electricity on the planet.
74
244160
4000
ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉืช ื‘-5 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื”ื ืฆืจืš ื‘ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
04:08
So here's the specifications,
75
248160
1000
ืื– ื”ื ื” ื”ืžืคืจื˜ื™ื ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”
04:09
just as if you were to make up a spec sheet for it:
76
249160
2000
ืžืžืฉ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื›ื ืชื ื’ืœื™ื•ืŸ-ืžืคืจื˜ ืขื‘ื•ืจื”:
04:11
170 quadrillion transistors, 55 trillion links,
77
251160
4000
170 ืงื•ื•ืื“ืจื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื˜ืจื ื–ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื, 55 ื˜ืจื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื
04:15
emails running at two megahertz itself,
78
255160
2000
ืื™-ืžื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ 2 ืžื’ื”-ื”ืจืฅ ื‘ืขืฆืžื
04:17
31 kilohertz text messaging,
79
257160
3000
31 ืงื™ืœื•ื”ืจืฅ ืฉืœ ืžืกืจื™ ื˜ืงืกื˜
04:20
246 exabyte storage. That's a big disk.
80
260160
4000
246 ืืงืกืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื—ืกื•ืŸ, ื–ื” ื“ื™ืกืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
04:24
That's a lot of storage, memory. Nine exabyte RAM.
81
264160
3000
ื–ื” ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืื™ื—ืกื•ืŸ, ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ, 9 ืืงืกืื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืฉืœ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ RAM
04:27
And the total traffic on this
82
267160
4000
ื•ืกืš ื›ืœ ื”ืชืขื‘ื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื–ื”
04:31
is running at seven terabytes per second.
83
271160
3000
ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ 7 ื˜ืจื”-ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ืœืฉื ื™ื”.
04:34
Brewster was saying the Library of Congress is about twenty terabytes.
84
274160
3000
ื‘ืจื•ืกื˜ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืกืคืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก ื”ื™ื ื›ืขืฉืจื™ื ื˜ืจื”-ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื
04:37
So every second, half of the Library of Congress
85
277160
3000
ืื– ื›ืœ ืฉื ื™ื” ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžืกืคืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก
04:40
is swooshing around in this machine. It's a big machine.
86
280160
4000
ืžืจืฉืจืฉืช ื‘ื™ืขืฃ ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื•, ื–ื• ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”.
04:44
So I did something else. I figured out 100 billion clicks per day,
87
284160
4000
ืื– ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ. ื—ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉ-100 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืงืœื™ืงื™ื ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื
04:48
55 trillion links is almost the same
88
288160
3000
ื•- 55 ื˜ืจื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื, ื–ื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืžื•
04:51
as the number of synapses in your brain.
89
291160
2000
ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืกื™ื ืคืกื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื.
04:53
A quadrillion transistors is almost the same
90
293160
2000
ืงื•ื•ืื“ืจื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื˜ืจื ื–ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื ื–ื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ื–ื”ื”
04:55
as the number of neurons in your brain.
91
295160
2000
ืœืžืกืคืจ ื”ื ื•ื™ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื.
04:57
So to a first approximation, we have these things --
92
297160
3000
ืื– ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”
05:00
twenty petahertz synapse firings.
93
300160
2000
ื™ืจื™ื•ืช ืกื ืกืคืกื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ 20 ืคื˜ื”-ื”ืจืฅ
05:02
Of course, the memory is really huge.
94
302160
2000
ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ืžื•ื— ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช ืขื ืง.
05:04
But to a first approximation, the size of this machine is the size --
95
304160
6000
ืืš ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช, ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ
05:10
and its complexity, kind of -- to your brain.
96
310160
5000
ื•ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื”, ื‘ืกื“ืจื™ ื’ื•ื“ืœ, ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื.
05:15
Because in fact, that's how your brain works -- in kind of the same way that the Web works.
97
315160
4000
ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืœืžืขืฉื”, ื›ืš ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ื”ืจืฉืช.
05:19
However, your brain isn't doubling every two years.
98
319160
4000
ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืžื•ื—ื›ื ืื™ื ื ื• ืžื›ืคื™ืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื›ืœ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื.
05:23
So if we say this machine right now that we've made
99
323160
5000
ืื– ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช, ื›ืจื’ืข ื›ืคื™ ืฉื™ืฆืจื ื• ืื•ืชื”
05:28
is about one HB, one human brain,
100
328160
3000
ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื•ื— ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืื—ื“.
05:31
if we look at the rate that this is increasing,
101
331160
3000
ืื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืงืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื–ื” ืžืชื’ื‘ืจ
05:34
30 years from now, there'll be six billion HBs.
102
334160
5000
ื‘ืขื•ื“ 30 ืฉื ื” ืžืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ื”ื™ื• 6 ืžื™ืœืืจื“ ืžื•ื—ื•ืช ืื ื•ืฉ.
05:39
So by the year 2040, the total processing of this machine
103
339160
4000
ืื– ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืฉื ื” 2040, ืกืš ื›ืœ ื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื•
05:43
will exceed a total processing power of humanity,
104
343160
3000
ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ืกืš ื›ื— ื”ืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช
05:46
in raw bits and stuff. And this is, I think, where
105
346160
3000
ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ื•ืœืžื™ื™ื ื•ื›ื”ื ื”. ื•ื–ื” ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ
05:49
Ray Kurzweil and others get this little chart saying that we're going to cross.
106
349160
5000
ืฉืจื™ื™ ืงื•ืจืฆื•ื•ื™ืœ ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืœื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืฉืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื—ืฆื•ืช....
05:54
So, what about that? Well, here's a couple of things.
107
354160
6000
ืื– ืžื” ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœื–ื”? ื˜ื•ื‘, ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
06:00
I have three kind of general things
108
360160
3000
ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื•ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื
06:03
I would like to say, three consequences of this.
109
363160
4000
ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ: ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื”
06:07
First, that basically what this machine is doing is embodying.
110
367160
5000
ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืฉืœืžืขืฉื” ืžื” ืฉื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ื™ื ืžื’ืœืžืช
06:12
We're giving it a body. And that's what we're going to do
111
372160
2000
ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื” ื’ื•ืฃ. ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช
06:14
in the next 5,000 days -- we're going to give this machine a body.
112
374160
3000
ื‘ื—ืžืฉืช ืืœืคื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื--ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืชืช ืœืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื’ื•ืฃ.
06:17
And the second thing is, we're going to restructure its architecture.
113
377160
3000
ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื•ืจื” ืฉืœื”
06:20
And thirdly, we're going to become completely codependent upon it.
114
380160
4000
ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™: ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืคืชื— ื‘ื” ืชืœื•ืช-ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช
06:24
So let me go through those three things.
115
384160
2000
ืื– ื”ื‘ื” ื•ืืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
06:26
First of all, we have all these things in our hands.
116
386160
3000
ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื›ืœ, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
06:29
We think they're all separate devices,
117
389160
2000
ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื›ื•ืœื ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื ืคืจื“ื™ื
06:31
but in fact, every screen in the world
118
391160
3000
ืืš ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื›ืœ ืžืกืš ื‘ืขื•ืœื
06:34
is looking into the one machine.
119
394160
3000
ืžืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ืื—ืช.
06:37
These are all basically portals into that one machine.
120
397160
3000
ืืœื” ื”ื ื›ื•ืœื ืฉืขืจื™ ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ืื—ืช.
06:40
The second thing is that -- some people call this the cloud,
121
400160
4000
ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื›ื ื™ื ื–ืืช ืขื ืŸ
06:44
and you're kind of touching the cloud with this.
122
404160
2000
ื•ืืชื” ืงืฆืช ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ืขื ืŸ ืขื ื–ื”
06:46
And so in some ways, all you really need is a cloudbook.
123
406160
4000
ืื– ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื–ื” ืกืคืจ-ืขื ืŸ
06:50
And the cloudbook doesn't have any storage.
124
410160
3000
ื•ืกืคืจ ื”ืขื ืŸ ืื™ื ื ื• ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื ืื™ื—ืกื•ืŸ
06:53
It's wireless. It's always connected.
125
413160
3000
ื”ื•ื ืืœื—ื•ื˜ื™. ื”ื•ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ
06:56
There's many things about it. It becomes very simple,
126
416160
2000
ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ื•. ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžืื•ื“
06:58
and basically what you're doing is you're just touching the machine,
127
418160
2000
ื•ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ื” ืฉืืชื ื‘ืกื”"ื› ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”
07:00
you're touching the cloud and you're going to compute that way.
128
420160
3000
ืืชื ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื ืŸ ื•ืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื–ื•.
07:03
So the machine is computing.
129
423160
2000
ืื– ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ืช
07:05
And in some ways, it's sort of back
130
425160
1000
ื•ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื–ื” ืงืฆืช ื›ืžื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืื—ื•ืจื”
07:06
to the kind of old idea of centralized computing.
131
426160
3000
ืœืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืฉืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืจื›ื–ื™
07:09
But everything, all the cameras, and the microphones,
132
429160
4000
ืืš ื”ื›ืœ, ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื™ืงืจื•ืคื•ื ื™ื
07:13
and the sensors in cars
133
433160
4000
ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช
07:17
and everything is connected to this machine.
134
437160
2000
ื•ื”ื›ืœ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช
07:19
And everything will go through the Web.
135
439160
2000
ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื“ืจืš ื”ืจืฉืช.
07:21
And we're seeing that already with, say, phones.
136
441160
2000
ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ, ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื
07:23
Right now, phones don't go through the Web,
137
443160
2000
ืžืžืฉ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื“ืจืš ื”ืจืฉืช
07:25
but they are beginning to, and they will.
138
445160
3000
ืืš ื”ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื ื™ืขื‘ืจื•
07:28
And if you imagine what, say, just as an example, what Google Labs has
139
448160
4000
ื•ืื ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ, ื ืืžืจ, ืจืง ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื, ืžื” ืฉืžืขื‘ื“ืช ื’ื•ื’ืœ
07:32
in terms of experiments with Google Docs, Google Spreadsheets, blah, blah, blah --
140
452160
4000
ื‘ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ืกื•ืช ืขื ื’ื•ื’ืœ-ืžืกืžื›ื™ื, ื’ื•ื’ืœ-ื’ืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื‘ืœื” ื‘ืœื” ื‘ืœื”
07:36
all these things are going to become Web based.
141
456160
3000
ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ ืจืฉืช.
07:39
They're going through the machine.
142
459160
2000
ื”ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื”.
07:41
And I am suggesting that every bit will be owned by the Web.
143
461160
5000
ื•ืื ื™ ืžืฆื™ืข ืฉื›ืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงื ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉืช
07:46
Right now, it's not. If you do spreadsheets and things at work,
144
466160
3000
ืžืžืฉ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื–ื” ืœื ืื ืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื’ืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
07:49
a Word document, they aren't on the Web,
145
469160
3000
ืžืกืžืš ื•ื•ืจื“, ื”ื ืœื ื‘ืจืฉืช
07:52
but they are going to be. They're going to be part of this machine.
146
472160
2000
ืืš ื”ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช
07:54
They're going to speak the Web language.
147
474160
2000
ื”ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืืช ืฉืคืช ื”ืจืฉืช.
07:56
They're going to talk to the machine.
148
476160
2000
ื”ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื”.
07:58
The Web, in some sense, is kind of like a black hole
149
478160
3000
ื”ืจืฉืช, ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื”ื™ื ืงืฆืช ื›ืžื• ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืจ ืฉื—ื•ืจ
08:01
that's sucking up everything into it.
150
481160
3000
ืฉืฉื•ืื‘ ื”ื›ืœ ืœืชื•ื›ื•
08:04
And so every thing will be part of the Web.
151
484160
4000
ื•ืื– ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืจืฉืช.
08:08
So every item, every artifact that we make, will have embedded in it
152
488160
5000
ืื– ื›ืœ ืคืจื™ื˜, ื›ืœ ื—ืคืฅ ืฉืื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื, ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื‘ื ื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื•
08:13
some little sliver of Web-ness and connection,
153
493160
3000
ืคื™ืกื” ื›ืกื•ืคื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœ ืจืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืงืฉืจ
08:16
and it will be part of this machine,
154
496160
2000
ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช.
08:18
so that our environment -- kind of in that ubiquitous computing sense --
155
498160
3000
ื›ืš ืฉื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื• - ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ืชืคื•ืฆืช ื”ืžื™ื—ืฉื•ื‘,
08:21
our environment becomes the Web. Everything is connected.
156
501160
5000
ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืœืจืฉืช, ื”ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ืฉืจ.
08:26
Now, with RFIDs and other things -- whatever technology it is,
157
506160
3000
ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืขื ืžื–ื”ื” ืชื“ืจื™ื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ (RFID) ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื›ืœ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืชื”ื™ื”
08:29
it doesn't really matter. The point is that everything
158
509160
3000
ื–ื” ืœื ืžืžืฉ ืžืฉื ื”, ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื›ืœ
08:32
will have embedded in it some sensor connecting it to the machine,
159
512160
3000
ื™ื›ืœื•ืœ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ืœืžื›ื•ื ื”.
08:35
and so we have, basically, an Internet of things.
160
515160
3000
ืื– ื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ืขืฆื "ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื"
08:38
So you begin to think of a shoe as a chip with heels,
161
518160
4000
ืื– ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื ืขืœ ื›ืฉื‘ื‘ ืขื ืขืงื‘ื™ื
08:42
and a car as a chip with wheels,
162
522160
3000
ื•ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื›ืฉื‘ื‘ ืขื ื’ืœื’ืœื™ื
08:45
because basically most of the cost of manufacturing cars
163
525160
3000
ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ืขืฆื ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช
08:48
is the embedded intelligence and electronics in it, and not the materials.
164
528160
6000
ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื” ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ืช ื•ื”ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ืงื” ืฉื‘ื”, ื•ืœื ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ื’ืœื
08:54
A lot of people think about the new economy
165
534160
2000
ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”
08:56
as something that was going to be a disembodied,
166
536160
2000
ื›ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืกืจ ื’ื•ืฃ
08:58
alternative, virtual existence,
167
538160
3000
ืงื™ื•ื ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืืœื™ ื—ืœื•ืคื™
09:01
and that we would have the old economy of atoms.
168
541160
3000
ื•ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ื™ืฉื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื˜ื•ืžื™ื
09:04
But in fact, what the new economy really is
169
544160
3000
ืืš ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืžื” ืฉื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืช
09:07
is the marriage of those two, where we embed the information,
170
547160
4000
ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•, ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข
09:11
and the digital nature of things into the material world.
171
551160
2000
ื•ืืช ื˜ื‘ืขื ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™.
09:13
That's what we're looking forward to. That is where we're going --
172
553160
4000
ืœื–ื” ืื ื• ืžืฆืคื™ื, ืœืฉื ืื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื
09:17
this union, this convergence of the atomic and the digital.
173
557160
7000
ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ื–ื”, ื”ื”ืชืœื›ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื˜ื•ืžื™ ื•ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™
09:24
And so one of the consequences of that, I believe,
174
564160
2000
ื•ืื– ืื—ืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ื” , ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ
09:26
is that where we have this sort of spectrum of media right now --
175
566160
4000
ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ืžื ืขื“ ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ื›ืขืช
09:30
TV, film, video -- that basically becomes one media platform.
176
570160
3000
ื˜ืœื•ื™ื–ื™ื”, ืงื•ืœื ื•ืข, ื•ื™ื“ืื•- ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื•ืคืš ืœืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžืช ืžื“ื™ื” ืื—ืช
09:33
And while there's many differences in some senses,
177
573160
2000
ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉื ื ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื,
09:35
they will share more and more in common with each other.
178
575160
3000
ื”ื ื™ื—ืœืงื• ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื”ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™
09:38
So that the laws of media, such as the fact that copies have no value,
179
578160
5000
ื›ืš ืฉื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื”, ื›ืžื• ืœืžืฉืœ, ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืœืขื•ืชืงื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืขืจืš
09:43
the value's in the uncopiable things,
180
583160
2000
ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื”ืขืชืงื”.
09:45
the immediacy, the authentication, the personalization.
181
585160
5000
ื”ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืื™ืžื•ืช, ื”ืคืจืกื•ื ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”
09:50
The media wants to be liquid.
182
590160
3000
ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ื–ืœื™ืช:
09:53
The reason why things are free is so that you can manipulate them,
183
593160
3000
ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ื ื”ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื”ื ืžื ื™ืคื•ืœืฆื™ื”
09:56
not so that they are "free" as in "beer," but "free" as in "freedom."
184
596160
4000
ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื‘"ื—ื™ื ื" ื›ืžื• ื‘"ื‘ื™ืจื”" ืืœื "ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื™ื" ื›ืžื• ื‘"ื—ืจื•ืช"
10:00
And the network effects rule,
185
600160
2000
ื•ื—ื•ืง ืืคืงื˜ ื”ืจืฉืช
10:02
meaning that the more you have, the more you get.
186
602160
2000
ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื›ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืš ืืชื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
10:04
The first fax machine -- the person who bought the first fax machine
187
604160
3000
ืžื›ื•ื ืช ื”ืคืงืก ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”--ื‘ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉ ืฉืงื ื” ืืช ืžื›ื•ื ืช ื”ืคืงืก ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”
10:07
was an idiot, because there was nobody to fax to.
188
607160
5000
ื”ื™ื” ืื“ื™ื•ื˜, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœืคืงืกืก ืืœื™ื•
10:12
But here she became an evangelist, recruiting others
189
612160
4000
ืืš ื”ื ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืคื›ื” ืœืžื˜ื™ืคื” ืฉืžื’ื™ื™ืกืช ืื—ืจื™ื
10:16
to get the fax machines because it made their purchase more valuable.
190
616160
3000
ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ืžื›ื•ื ืช ื”ืคืงืก ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื–ื” ื”ืคืš ืืช ื”ืจื›ืฉ ืฉืœื”ื ืœื‘ืขืœ ืขืจืš ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ
10:19
Those are the effects that we're going to see.
191
619160
2000
ืืœื• ื”ืŸ ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช
10:21
Attention is the currency.
192
621160
2000
ืงืฉื‘ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืœืกื•ื—ืจ
10:23
So those laws are going to kind of spread throughout all media.
193
623160
5000
ืื– ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืฉื˜ ืœื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื”.
10:28
And the other thing about this embodiment
194
628160
2000
ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืื—ืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื”ื‘ื ื™ื” ื”ื–ื•
10:30
is that there's kind of what I call the McLuhan reversal.
195
630160
3000
ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžื›ื ื” ื”ื”ื™ืคื•ืš ืฉืœ ืžืงืœื•ื”ืŸ
10:33
McLuhan was saying, "Machines are the extensions of the human senses."
196
633160
2000
ืžืงืœื•ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ, "ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื”ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉื™ ื”ืื“ื"
10:35
And I'm saying, "Humans are now going to be
197
635160
2000
ื•ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ: " ื‘ื ื™ ืื ื•ืฉ ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื•
10:37
the extended senses of the machine," in a certain sense.
198
637160
3000
ื”ื—ื•ืฉ ื”ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช" ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื.
10:40
So we have a trillion eyes, and ears, and touches,
199
640160
4000
ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื˜ืจื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ืื–ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ื ื’ื™ืขื•ืช
10:44
through all our digital photographs and cameras.
200
644160
3000
ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื•ื”ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช.
10:47
And we see that in things like Flickr,
201
647160
5000
ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ืคืœื™ืงืจ,
10:52
or Photosynth, this program from Microsoft
202
652160
3000
ืื• ืคื•ื˜ื•-ืกื™ื ืก, ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืžื‘ื™ืช ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกื•ืคื˜
10:55
that will allow you to assemble a view of a touristy place
203
655160
4000
ืฉืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ื ืœื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืžืจืื” ืฉืœ ืืชืจ ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืชื™
10:59
from the thousands of tourist snapshots of it.
204
659160
4000
ืžืืœืคื™ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืชื™ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืฆื™ืœืžื• ืื•ืชื•
11:03
In a certain sense, the machine is seeing through the pixels of individual cameras.
205
663160
6000
ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื, ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ืจื•ืื” ื“ืจืš ื”ืคื™ืงืกืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื ื™ื•ืช.
11:09
Now, the second thing that I want to talk about was this idea of restructuring,
206
669160
4000
ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ
11:13
that what the Web is doing is restructuring.
207
673160
2000
ืฉืžื” ืฉื”ืจืฉืช ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื‘ื ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ
11:15
And I have to warn you, that what we'll talk about is --
208
675160
2000
ื•ืขืœื™ ืœื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื›ื, ืฉืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื•ื--
11:17
I'm going to give my explanation of a term you're hearing, which is a "semantic Web."
209
677160
4000
ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืฉืœื™ ืœืžื•ื ื— ืฉืืชื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื, ืฉื”ื•ื ื”"ื•ื•ื‘ ื”ืกืžื ื˜ื™"
11:21
So first of all, the first stage that we've seen
210
681160
3000
ืื– ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ, ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื
11:24
of the Internet was that it was going to link computers.
211
684160
3000
ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื
11:27
And that's what we called the Net; that was the Internet of nets.
212
687160
3000
ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืงืจืื ื• ื”ืจืฉืช--ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉืชื•ืช.
11:30
And we saw that, where you have all the computers of the world.
213
690160
3000
ื•ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื--
11:33
And if you remember, it was a kind of green screen with cursors,
214
693160
4000
ื•ืื ืืชื ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื• ืžืกืš ื™ืจื•ืง ืขื ืกืžื ื™ื
11:37
and there was really not much to do, and if you wanted to connect it,
215
697160
2000
ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืžืžืฉ ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ื•ืื ืจืฆื™ืช ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื–ื”
11:39
you connected it from one computer to another computer.
216
699160
3000
ื—ื™ื‘ืจืช ืืช ื–ื” ืžืžื—ืฉื‘ ืื—ื“ ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ ื ื•ืกืฃ
11:42
And what you had to do was -- if you wanted to participate in this,
217
702160
2000
ื•ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ืื ืจืฆื™ืช ืœื”ืชืืžืŸ ื‘ื–ื”
11:44
you had to share packets of information.
218
704160
4000
ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ืš ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ื“ืข.
11:48
So you were forwarding on. You didn't have control.
219
708160
2000
ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืช ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืœืื”, ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœืš ืฉืœื™ื˜ื”
11:50
It wasn't like a telephone system where you had control of a line:
220
710160
2000
ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืžื• ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ืช ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืœืš ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ ืงื•
11:52
you had to share packets.
221
712160
2000
ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ืš ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืžื ื•ืช
11:54
The second stage that we're in now is the idea of linking pages.
222
714160
5000
ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืื ื• ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื‘ื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื–ื” ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื“ืคื™ื
11:59
So in the old one, if I wanted to go on to an airline Web page,
223
719160
3000
ืื– ื‘ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ื™ืฉืŸ, ืื ืจืฆื™ืช ืœื’ืœื•ืฉ ืœื“ืฃ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ืชืขื•ืคื”
12:02
I went from my computer, to an FTP site, to another airline computer.
224
722160
4000
ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืžื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืœื™, ืœืืชืจ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืงื‘ืฆื™ื, ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ ื—ื‘ืจืช ืชืขื•ืคื” ืื—ืจ
12:06
Now we have pages -- the unit has been resolved into pages,
225
726160
5000
ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื“ืคื™ื, ืฉื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืžื•ื˜ืžืขืช ื‘ื“ืคื™ื
12:11
so one page links to another page.
226
731160
2000
ื›ืš ืฉื“ืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžืงืฉืจ ืœื“ืฃ ืื—ืจ
12:13
And if I want to go in to book a flight,
227
733160
3000
ื•ืื ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ืกื”,
12:16
I go into the airline's flight page, the website of the airline,
228
736160
5000
ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื“ืฃ ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื”, ืœืืชืจ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื”
12:21
and I'm linking to that page.
229
741160
2000
ื•ืื ื™ ืžืงืฉืจ ืœื“ืฃ ื”ื–ื”
12:23
And what we're sharing were links, so you had to be kind of open with links.
230
743160
4000
ืื– ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงืฉืจื™ื ื–ื” ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื, ืื– ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช, ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ื›ื–ื”, ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื
12:27
You couldn't deny -- if someone wanted to link to you,
231
747160
2000
ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœื“ื—ื•ืช- ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืจืฆื” ืœืงืฉืจ ืืœื™ื›ื
12:29
you couldn't stop them. You had to participate in this idea
232
749160
4000
ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืื•ืชื, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื›ื ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”
12:33
of opening up your pages to be linked by anybody.
233
753160
3000
ืฉืœ ืœืคืชื•ื— ืืช ื”ื“ืคื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืฉืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“.
12:36
So that's what we were doing.
234
756160
2000
ืื– ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื.
12:38
We're now entering to the third stage, which is what I'm talking about,
235
758160
4000
ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืฉืœื‘ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื•
12:42
and that is where we link the data.
236
762160
2000
ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงืฉืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื.
12:44
So, I don't know what the name of this thing is.
237
764160
2000
ืื– ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ื”ืฉื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”
12:46
I'm calling it the one machine. But we're linking data.
238
766160
2000
ืื ื™ ืžื›ื ื” ื–ืืช ื‘ืฉื ืžื›ื•ื ืช ื”"ืื—ื“" ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงืฉืจื™ื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื.
12:48
So we're going from machine to machine,
239
768160
2000
ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืžืžื›ื•ื ื” ืœืžื›ื•ื ื”
12:50
from page to page, and now data to data.
240
770160
2000
ืžื“ืฃ ืœื“ืฃ, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืชื•ื ื™ื.
12:52
So the difference is, is that rather than linking from page to page,
241
772160
4000
ืื– ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ื•ื, ืฉื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืงืฉืจ ืžื“ืฃ ืœื“ืฃ
12:56
we're actually going to link from one idea on a page
242
776160
4000
ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืžืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืฉืขืœ ื”ื“ืฃ
13:00
to another idea, rather than to the other page.
243
780160
2000
ืœืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืื—ืจ, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื“ืฃ ืื—ืจ.
13:02
So every idea is basically being supported --
244
782160
3000
ืื– ื›ืœ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืฆื ื ืชืžืš
13:05
or every item, or every noun -- is being supported by the entire Web.
245
785160
3000
ืื• ื›ืœ ืคืจื™ื˜, ื›ืœ ืฉื ืขืฆื ื ืชืžืš ืœืžืขืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉืช ื›ื•ืœื”.
13:08
It's being resolved at the level of items, or ideas, or words, if you want.
246
788160
6000
ื ืคืชืจ ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืœ ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื, ืื• ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ืื• ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื ืชืจืฆื•
13:14
So besides physically coming out again into this idea
247
794160
4000
ืื– ืžืœื‘ื“ ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ืœืฆืืช ืฉื•ื‘ ืืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”
13:18
that it's not just virtual, it's actually going out to things.
248
798160
4000
ืฉื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืืœื™, ื–ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืžืฉ ืœืฆืืช ืืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
13:22
So something will resolve down to the information
249
802160
3000
ืื– ืžืฉื”ื• ื™ื™ืคืชืจ ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข
13:25
about a particular person, so every person will have a unique ID.
250
805160
4000
ืขืœ ืื“ื ืžืกื•ื™ื, ื›ืš ืฉืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื–ื”ื” ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™
13:29
Every person, every item will have a something
251
809160
2000
ื›ืœ ืื“ื, ื›ืœ ืคืจื™ื˜, ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืžืฉื”ื•
13:31
that will be very specific, and will link
252
811160
2000
ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™, ื•ื™ืงืฉืจ
13:33
to a specific representation of that idea or item.
253
813160
4000
ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืื• ืœืคืจื™ื˜.
13:37
So now, in this new one, when I link to it,
254
817160
3000
ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื™ ืžืงืฉืจ ืืœื™ื•
13:40
I would link to my particular flight, my particular seat.
255
820160
6000
ืื ื™ ืืงืฉืจ ืœื˜ื™ืกื” ื”ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ืœืžื•ืฉื‘ ื”ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ ืฉืœื™
13:46
And so, giving an example of this thing,
256
826160
3000
ื•ืื–--ืœืฉื ื”ื“ื’ืžืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”
13:49
I live in Pacifica, rather than -- right now Pacifica
257
829160
2000
ืื ื™ ื’ืจ ื‘ืคืกื™ืคื™ืงื”, ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื›ืจื’ืข ืคืกื™ืคื™ืงื”
13:51
is just sort of a name on the Web somewhere.
258
831160
3000
ื”ื™ื ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืฉื ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉืช ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื
13:54
The Web doesn't know that that is actually a town,
259
834160
2000
ื”ืจืฉืช ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉืœืžืขืฉื” ื–ื• ืขื™ืจ
13:56
and that it's a specific town that I live in,
260
836160
2000
ื•ืฉื–ื• ืขื™ืจ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืื ื™ ื’ืจ
13:58
but that's what we're going to be talking about.
261
838160
3000
ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื•
14:01
It's going to link directly to --
262
841160
2000
ื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืงืฉืจ ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœ--
14:03
it will know, the Web will be able to read itself
263
843160
3000
ื”ืจืฉืช ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื”
14:06
and know that that actually is a place,
264
846160
2000
ื•ืœื“ืขืช ืฉื–ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืงื•ื.
14:08
and that whenever it sees that word, "Pacifica,"
265
848160
2000
ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื”ื™ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืฉื "ืคืกื™ืคื™ืงื”"
14:10
it knows that it actually has a place,
266
850160
1000
ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉืœืžืขืฉื” ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืžืงื•ื
14:11
latitude, longitude, a certain population.
267
851160
3000
ืงื•ื™ ืจื•ื—ื‘ ืงื•ื™ ืื•ืจืš, ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช
14:14
So here are some of the technical terms, all three-letter things,
268
854160
3000
ืื– ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื—ื™ื ื”ื˜ื›ื ื™ื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื ื™ 3 ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช
14:17
that you'll see a lot more of.
269
857160
2000
ืฉืชืจืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ.
14:19
All these things are about enabling this idea of linking to the data.
270
859160
5000
ืžื”ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ื™ื ืœืืคืฉืจ ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœื ืชื•ื ื™ื.
14:24
So I'll give you one kind of an example.
271
864160
3000
ืื– ืืชืŸ ืœื›ื ืกื•ื’ ืื—ื“ ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื’ืžื
14:27
There's like a billion social sites on the Web.
272
867160
4000
ื™ืฉื ื ื›ืžื™ืœืืจื“ ืืชืจื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืจืฉืช
14:31
Each time you go into there, you have to tell it again who you are
273
871160
3000
ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืืชื” ื’ื•ืœืฉ ืœืฉื ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื™ ืืชื”
14:34
and all your friends are.
274
874160
1000
ื•ืžื™ื”ื ื—ื‘ืจื™ืš
14:35
Why should you be doing that? You should just do that once,
275
875160
2000
ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉืชืขืฉื” ื–ืืช? ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ืจืง ืคืขื ืื—ืช
14:37
and it should know who all your friends are.
276
877160
3000
ื•ื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช ืžื™ื”ื ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ืš
14:40
So that's what you want, is all your friends are identified,
277
880160
2000
ืื– ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื”,ืฉื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ืš ืžื–ื•ื”ื™ื
14:42
and you should just carry these relationships around.
278
882160
2000
ื•ืืชื” ืจืง ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื
14:44
All this data about you should just be conveyed,
279
884160
3000
ื›ืœ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืื•ื“ื•ืชื™ืš ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืจืง ืœื”ื™ืžืกืจ
14:47
and you should do it once and that's all that should happen.
280
887160
3000
ื•ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ื“ ืคืขืžื™
14:50
And you should have all the networks
281
890160
2000
ื•ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืจืฉืชื•ืช
14:52
of all the relationships between those pieces of data.
282
892160
2000
ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื—ืชื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•
14:54
That's what we're moving into -- where it sort of knows these things down to that level.
283
894160
5000
ื–ื”ื• ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื ื• ื ืขื™ื ืœืงืจืืชื•--ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืจืฉืช ื›ืื™ืœื• ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืขื“ ืœืจืžื” ื”ื–ื•.
14:59
A semantic Web, Web 3.0, giant global graph --
284
899160
3000
ื”ื•ื•ื‘-ื”ืกืžื ื˜ื™, ื•ื•ื‘ 3.0, ื’ืจืฃ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ ืขื ืง
15:02
we're kind of trying out what we want to call this thing.
285
902160
3000
ืื ื—ื ื• ืงืฆืช ืžืชื ืกื™ื ื‘ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”
15:05
But what's it's doing is sharing data.
286
905160
2000
ืืš ืžื” ืฉื–ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ื” ืฉื–ื” ืžืฉืชืฃ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื.
15:07
So you have to be open to having your data shared, which is a much bigger step
287
907160
5000
ืื– ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื›ื ื™ืฉื•ืชืฃ, ืฉื–ื” ืฆืขื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ
15:12
than just sharing your Web page, or your computer.
288
912160
2000
ืžืืฉืจ ืกืชื ืœืฉืชืฃ ืืช ื”ื“ืฃ ืฉืœื›ื, ืื• ืืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืฉืœื›ื
15:14
And all these things that are going to be on this
289
914160
4000
ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืฉื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื–ื”
15:18
are not just pages, they are things.
290
918160
3000
ื”ื ืื™ื ื ืจืง ื“ืคื™ื, ืืœื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
15:21
Everything we've described, every artifact or place,
291
921160
4000
ืœื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืชื™ืืจื ื•, ื›ืœ ื—ืคืฅ ืื• ืžืงื•ื
15:25
will be a specific representation,
292
925160
2000
ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™
15:27
will have a specific character that can be linked to directly.
293
927160
5000
ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืžืืคื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื™ืฉื™ืจ
15:32
So we have this database of things.
294
932160
2000
ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืืŸ ืžืื’ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
15:34
And so there's actually a fourth thing that we have not get to,
295
934160
4000
ื•ืื– ื™ืฉื ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ืฉืขื•ื“ ืœื ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืืœื™ื•
15:38
that we won't see in the next 10 years, or 5,000 days,
296
938160
2000
ืฉืื•ืชื• ืœื ื ืจืื” ื‘-10 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช, ืื• ื‘-5,000 ื”ื™ืžื™ื
15:40
but I think that's where we're going to. And as the Internet of things --
297
940160
5000
ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืฉื. ื•ื›ืฉื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื--
15:45
where I'm linking directly to the particular things of my seat on the plane --
298
945160
4000
ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื™ ืžืงืฉืจ ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ืงื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืก--
15:49
that that physical thing becomes part of the Web.
299
949160
3000
ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืจืฉืช
15:52
And so we are in the middle of this thing
300
952160
2000
ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”
15:54
that's completely linked, down to every object
301
954160
3000
ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืžืงื•ืฉืจ ืขื“ ืœืจืžืช ื›ืœ ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜
15:57
in the little sliver of a connection that it has.
302
957160
2000
ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื›ืกื•ืคื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื•
15:59
So, the last thing I want to talk about is this idea
303
959160
2000
ืื–, ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ
16:01
that we're going to be codependent.
304
961160
3000
ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช.
16:04
It's always going to be there, and the closer it is, the better.
305
964160
4000
ื–ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืงืจื•ื‘ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืš ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ
16:08
If you allow Google to, it will tell you your search history.
306
968160
3000
ืื ืชืจืฉื” ืœื’ื•ื’ืœ ื”ื™ื ืชื’ื™ื“ ืœืš ืืช ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ืช ื”ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืฉืœืš
16:11
And I found out by looking at it
307
971160
2000
ื•ืื ื™ ืžื•ืฆื ื‘ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืชื™ ืขืœื™ื”
16:13
that I search most at 11 o'clock in the morning.
308
973160
2000
ืฉืื ื™ ืžื—ืคืฉ ื”ื›ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืฉืขื” 11 ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ
16:16
So I am open, and being transparent to that.
309
976160
3000
ืื– ืื ื™ ืคืชื•ื—, ื•ืฉืงื•ืฃ ืœื–ื”
16:19
And I think total personalization in this new world will require total transparency.
310
979160
6000
ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืคืจืกื•ื ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื˜ื•ื˜ืœื™ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืชืชื‘ืข ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื˜ื•ื˜ืœื™ืช
16:25
That is going to be the price.
311
985160
2000
ื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ
16:27
If you want to have total personalization,
312
987160
1000
ืื ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืคืจืกื•ื ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื˜ื•ื˜ืœื™ืช,
16:28
you have to be totally transparent.
313
988160
2000
ืขืœื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืงื•ืฃ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ
16:30
Google. I can't remember my phone number, I'll just ask Google.
314
990160
3000
ื’ื•ื’ืœ, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™, ืื ื™ ืืฉืืœ ืืช ื’ื•ื’ืœ
16:33
We're so dependent on this that I have now gotten to the point
315
993160
2000
ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื” ืชืœื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื–ื” ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœืฉืœื‘
16:35
where I don't even try to remember things --
316
995160
2000
ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืžื ืกื” ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื---
16:37
I'll just Google it. It's easier to do that.
317
997160
2000
ืื ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื’ื’ืœ ืืช ื–ื”. ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช
16:39
And we kind of object at first, saying, "Oh, that's awful."
318
999160
3000
ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืงืฆืช ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืœื›ืš ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”, ืื•ืžืจื™ื, "ืื•ื™ ื–ื” ื ื•ืจื"
16:42
But if we think about the dependency that we have on this other technology,
319
1002160
3000
ืื‘ืœ ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชืœื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืื—ืจืช
16:45
called the alphabet, and writing,
320
1005160
2000
ืฉื ืงืจืืช ื”ืืœืคื‘ื™ืช, ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”
16:47
we're totally dependent on it, and it's transformed culture.
321
1007160
3000
ืื ื—ื ื• ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ, ื•ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ื ืชื” ืืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“.
16:50
We cannot imagine ourselves without the alphabet and writing.
322
1010160
4000
ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื• ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืืœืคื‘ื™ืช ื•ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”
16:54
And so in the same way, we're going to not imagine ourselves
323
1014160
3000
ืื– ื›ืš ื‘ื“ืจืš ื“ื•ืžื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื•
16:57
without this other machine being there.
324
1017160
2000
ืœืœื ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ืื—ืจืช ื”ื–ืืช ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืฉื
16:59
And what is happening with this is
325
1019160
3000
ื•ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืขื ื–ื”, ื”ื•ื
17:02
some kind of AI, but it's not the AI in conscious AI,
326
1022160
2000
ืฉืกื•ื’ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื ื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช, ืืš ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ื“ืขื”,
17:04
as being an expert, Larry Page told me
327
1024160
3000
ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื™ ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืœืืจื™ ืคื™ื™ื’' ืืžืจ ืœื™
17:07
that that's what they're trying to do,
328
1027160
1000
ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
17:08
and that's what they're trying to do.
329
1028160
2000
ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช
17:10
But when six billion humans are Googling,
330
1030160
3000
ืืš ื›ืืฉืจ 6 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืžื’ื’ืœื™ื
17:13
who's searching who? It goes both ways.
331
1033160
2000
ืžื™ ืžื—ืคืฉ ืืช ืžื™? ื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœ-2 ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื
17:15
So we are the Web, that's what this thing is.
332
1035160
4000
ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ื–ื” ื”ืจืฉืช, ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”
17:19
We are going to be the machine.
333
1039160
2000
ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื”
17:21
So the next 5,000 days, it's not going to be the Web and only better.
334
1041160
5000
ืื– 5,000 ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื--ื–ื• ืœื ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉืช, ืจืง ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
17:26
Just like it wasn't TV and only better.
335
1046160
2000
ื›ืžื• ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”, ืจืง ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
17:28
The next 5,000 days, it's not just going to be the Web
336
1048160
3000
5,000 ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื--ื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจืง ื”ืจืฉืช
17:31
but only better -- it's going to be something different.
337
1051160
2000
ืจืง ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ; ื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื•ื ื”
17:33
And I think it's going to be smarter.
338
1053160
4000
ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื›ื ื™ื•ืชืจ
17:37
It'll have an intelligence in there, that's not, again, conscious.
339
1057160
4000
ืชื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืื™ื ื˜ืœื™ื’ื ืฆื™ื”, ืฉืื™ื ื ื”, ืฉื•ื‘, ืžื•ื“ืขืช
17:41
But it'll anticipate what we're doing, in a good sense.
340
1061160
4000
ืืš ื”ื™ื ืชืฆืคื” ืืช ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื”
17:45
Secondly, it's become much more personalized.
341
1065160
3000
ืฉื ื™ืช, ื”ื™ื ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ืชืืžืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช
17:48
It will know us, and that's good.
342
1068160
2000
ื”ื™ื ืชื“ืข ืื•ืชื ื•, ื•ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘
17:50
And again, the price of that will be transparency.
343
1070160
4000
ืฉื•ื‘, ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช
17:54
And thirdly, it's going to become more ubiquitous
344
1074160
2000
ื•ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืคื•ืฅ ื™ื•ืชืจ
17:56
in terms of filling your entire environment, and we will be in the middle of it.
345
1076160
5000
ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉื–ื” ื™ืžืœื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืื ื• ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื”
18:01
And all these devices will be portals into that.
346
1081160
3000
ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœืฉืขืจื™ ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืชื•ื›ื”
18:04
So the single idea that I wanted to leave with you
347
1084160
3000
ืื– ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืื—ื“ ืฉืื™ืชื• ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืชื›ื
18:07
is that we have to begin to think about this as not just "the Web, only better,"
348
1087160
6000
ื”ื•ื ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ืจืง ืขืœ "ื”ืจืฉืช, ืจืง ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ"
18:13
but a new kind of stage in this development.
349
1093160
3000
ืืœื ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช.
18:16
It looks more global. If you take this whole thing,
350
1096160
3000
ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™--ืื ืืชื ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืชื•,
18:19
it is a very big machine, very reliable machine,
351
1099160
3000
ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืื•ื“, ืžื›ื•ื ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืืžื™ื ื”
18:22
more reliable than its parts.
352
1102160
2000
ืืžื™ื ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ืœืงื™ื”
18:24
But we can also think about it as kind of a large organism.
353
1104160
3000
ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื” ื›ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ื–ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ
18:27
So we might respond to it more as if this was a whole system,
354
1107160
5000
ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืืœื™ื” ืžืฉืœ ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœืžื”
18:32
more as if this wasn't a large organism
355
1112160
2000
ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ, ืื ื–ื• ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ื–ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ
18:34
that we are going to be interacting with. It's a "One."
356
1114160
4000
ืฉืขื™ืžื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื”, ื–ื”ื• "ืื—ื“"
18:38
And I don't know what else to call it, than the One.
357
1118160
3000
ืื™ื ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื™ืš ืขื•ื“ ืœื›ื ื•ืชื• ืžืืฉืจ ื”"ืื—ื“"
18:41
We'll have a better word for it.
358
1121160
1000
ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืžื™ืœื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื”.
18:42
But there's a unity of some sort that's starting to emerge.
359
1122160
3000
ืืš ื™ืฉื ื” ืื—ื“ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช
18:45
And again, I don't want to talk about consciousness,
360
1125160
3000
ื•ืฉื•ื‘, ืื™ื ื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช
18:48
I want to talk about it just as if it was a little bacteria,
361
1128160
2000
ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืžืฉืœ ื”ื™ืชื” ื–ื• ื‘ืงื˜ืจื™ื” ืงื˜ื ื”
18:50
or a volvox, which is what that organism is.
362
1130160
3000
ืื• ืืฆื” ื™ืจื•ืงื”, ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ื–ื ื”ื–ื”.
18:53
So, to do, action, take-away. So, here's what I would say:
363
1133160
6000
ืื– - ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืžื˜ืœื•ืช, ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช, ื”ื˜ื™ื™ืง-ืื•ื•ื™ื™. ืื– ื›ืš ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื ืกื— ืืช ื–ื”:
18:59
there's only one machine, and the Web is its OS.
364
1139160
4000
ื™ืฉื ื” ืžื›ื•ื ื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ื”ืจืฉืช ื”ื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื”ืคืขืœื” ืฉืœื”
19:03
All screens look into the One. No bits will live outside the Web.
365
1143160
4000
ื›ืœ ื”ืžืกื›ื™ื ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื™ื ืืœ ืชื•ืš ื”"ืื—ื“". ืฉื•ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื™ื ืœื ื™ืชืงื™ืžื• ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืจืฉืช.
19:07
To share is to gain. Let the One read it.
366
1147160
4000
ืœืฉืชืฃ ื–ื” ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื—, ืชื ื• ืœ"ืื—ื“" ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ื–ื”.
19:11
It's going to be machine-readable.
367
1151160
1000
ื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจ ืงืจื™ืื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื”
19:12
You want to make something that the machine can read.
368
1152160
3000
ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืงืจื•ื.
19:15
And the One is us. We are in the One.
369
1155160
5000
ื•ื”"ืื—ื“" ื–ื” ืื ื—ื ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ื–ื” ื”"ืื—ื“".
19:20
I appreciate your time.
370
1160160
2000
ืื ื™ ืžืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื–ืžื ื›ื.
19:22
(Applause)
371
1162160
3000
ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7