Ray Anderson: The business logic of sustainability

253,535 views ใƒป 2009-05-18

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Shlomo Adam ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:18
Believe me or not, I come offering a solution
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ืชืืžื™ื ื• ืื• ืœื, ื‘ืืชื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืคืชืจื•ืŸ
00:22
to a very important part of this larger problem,
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ืœื—ืœืง ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื“ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื” ืจื—ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื–ื•,
00:26
with the requisite focus on climate.
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ืขื ื”ื”ืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื‘ืงืฉืช ื‘ืืงืœื™ื.
00:28
And the solution I offer
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ื•ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื™ ืžืฆื™ืข
00:30
is to the biggest culprit
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ื ื•ืขื“ ืœื ืืฉื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
00:32
in this massive mistreatment of the earth
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ื‘ื”ืชืขืœืœื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื ื•
00:36
by humankind,
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ืžืฆื“ ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™,
00:38
and the resulting decline of the biosphere.
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ื•ื‘ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื›ืš ื‘ื‘ื™ื•ืกืคื™ืจื”.
00:41
That culprit is business and industry,
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ื”ื ืืฉืžื™ื ื”ื ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื”,
00:44
which happens to be where I have spent the last 52 years
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ืฉื‘ื”ื ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืืช 52 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช
00:47
since my graduation from Georgia Tech in 1956.
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ืžืื– ืกื™ื™ืžืชื™ ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื‘"ื’'ื•ืจื’'ื™ื” ื˜ืง" ื‘-1956,
00:51
As an industrial engineer,
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ื›ืžื”ื ื“ืก ืชืขืฉื™ื”
00:53
cum aspiring and then successful entrepreneur.
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ืฉืืคืชืŸ ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื™ื–ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—.
00:57
After founding my company, Interface, from scratch
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ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื™ืกื“ืชื™ ืžืืคืก ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื™ "ืื™ื ื˜ืจืคื™ื™ืก"
01:00
in 1973, 36 years ago,
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ื‘-1973, ืœืคื ื™ 36 ืฉื ื”,
01:03
to produce carpet tiles in America
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืฉื˜ื™ื—ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”
01:05
for the business and institution markets,
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ืขื™ืกืงื™ ื•ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื™,
01:08
and shepherding it through start-up and survival
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ื•ืชื•ืš ื”ื•ื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืฉืœื‘ ื”ื”ื–ื ืง ื•ื”ื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืช
01:11
to prosperity and global dominance in its field,
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ื•ืขื“ ืœืฉื’ืฉื•ื’ ื•ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื”,
01:14
I read Paul Hawken's book,
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ืงืจืืชื™ ืืช ืกืคืจื• ืฉืœ ืคื•ืœ ื”ื•ืงื™ื ืก,
01:16
"The Ecology of Commerce,"
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"ื”ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืกื—ืจ",
01:18
the summer of 1994.
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ื‘ืงื™ืฅ 1994.
01:21
In his book, Paul charges business and industry
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ื‘ืกืคืจื• ืžืฆื‘ื™ืข ืคื•ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”
01:24
as, one, the major culprit
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ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื›ื ืืฉืžื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื
01:27
in causing the decline of the biosphere,
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ื‘ื’ืจื™ืžืช ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืกืคื™ืจื”,
01:29
and, two, the only institution that is large enough,
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ื•ืฉื ื™ืช, ื›ืื™ืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง,
01:32
and pervasive enough, and powerful enough,
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ื ืคื•ืฆื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง ื•ื—ื–ืงื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง
01:34
to really lead humankind out of this mess.
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ืฉื‘ื›ื•ื—ื ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ืžืขืกืง ื”ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ื–ื”.
01:38
And by the way he convicted me
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ื•ืื’ื‘ ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื”ืืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื™
01:41
as a plunderer of the earth.
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ื›ืžื™ ืฉืฉื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืœื›ืช.
01:43
And I then challenged the people of Interface, my company,
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ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ืฆื‘ืชื™ ืืชื’ืจ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ "ืื™ื ื˜ืจืคื™ื™ืก", ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื™,
01:46
to lead our company and the entire industrial world to sustainability,
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ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื’ ืืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื ื• ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืœืขื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช.
01:50
which we defined as eventually operating
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ืฉืื•ืชื” ื”ื’ื“ืจื ื• ื›ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืชืคืขืœ
01:52
our petroleum-intensive company in such a way
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ืืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื ื• ืขืชื™ืจืช ื”ื ืคื˜ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ื–ื”
01:55
as to take from the earth
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ืฉืชื™ืงื— ืžืŸ ื”ืื“ืžื”
01:57
only what can be renewed by the earth, naturally and rapidly --
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ืจืง ืžื” ืฉื”ืื“ืžื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช,
02:01
not another fresh drop of oil --
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื•ืœื• ื‘ื˜ื™ืคืช ื ืคื˜ ื—ื“ืฉื”,
02:03
and to do no harm to the biosphere.
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ื•ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื’ืจื•ื ื›ืœ ื ื–ืง ืœื‘ื™ื•ืกืคื™ืจื”.
02:07
Take nothing: do no harm.
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ืœื ืœืงื—ืช ื“ื‘ืจ. ืœื ืœื”ื–ื™ืง.
02:09
I simply said, "If Hawken is right
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ืืžืจืชื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜, "ืื ื”ื•ืงื™ื ืก ืฆื•ื“ืง
02:11
and business and industry must lead,
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ื•ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื” ื”ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื’,
02:13
who will lead business and industry?
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ืžื™ ื™ื ื”ื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื”?
02:15
Unless somebody leads, nobody will."
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”."
02:18
It's axiomatic. Why not us?
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ื–ืืช ืืงืกื™ื•ืžื”. ืžื•ื“ืข ืœื ืื ื—ื ื•?
02:21
And thanks to the people of Interface,
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ื•ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืื ืฉื™ "ืื™ื ื˜ืจืคื™ื™ืก",
02:23
I have become a recovering plunderer.
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ื”ืคื›ืชื™ ืœืฉื•ื“ื“ ืžื—ื–ื™ืจ.
02:26
(Laughter)
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[ืฆื—ื•ืง]
02:27
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
02:32
I once told a Fortune Magazine writer
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ืืžืจืชื™ ืคืขื ืœื›ืชื‘ ืฉืœ "ืคื•ืจืฆ'ืŸ"
02:36
that someday people like me would go to jail.
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ืฉื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื•ื ื™ ื™ื•ืฉืœื›ื• ืœื›ืœื.
02:39
And that became the headline of a Fortune article.
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืฉืœ ืžืืžืจ ื‘"ืคื•ืจืฆ'ืŸ".
02:41
They went on to describe me as America's greenest CEO.
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ื”ื ืชื™ืืจื• ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ื›ื™ ื™ืจื•ืง ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”.
02:45
From plunderer to recovering plunderer,
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ืžืฉื•ื“ื“ - ืœืฉื•ื“ื“ ืžื—ื–ื™ืจ -
02:48
to America's greenest CEO in five years --
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ื•ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ื›ื™ ื™ืจื•ืง ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ื•ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื‘-5 ืฉื ื™ื.
02:51
that, frankly, was a pretty sad commentary
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืืžืช ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ืขื’ื•ืžื”
02:53
on American CEOs in 1999.
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื ื›"ืœื™ื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื™ื ื‘-1999.
02:58
Asked later in the Canadian documentary, "The Corporation,"
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ืœื™ืžื™ื, ื›ืฉื ืฉืืœืชื™ ื‘ืกืจื˜ ื”ืชื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ื”ืงื ื“ื™, "ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“",
03:01
what I meant by the "go to jail" remark,
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ืœืžื” ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ืชื™ ื‘ื”ืขืจืช ื”ื›ืœื ืฉืœื™,
03:04
I offered that theft is a crime.
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ืขื ื™ืชื™ ืฉื’ื ื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืคืฉืข.
03:08
And theft of our children's future would someday be a crime.
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ื•ืฉื’ื ื™ื‘ืช ืขืชื™ื“ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื• ืชื™ื—ืฉื‘ ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืœืคืฉืข.
03:13
But I realized, for that to be true --
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืฉื–ื” ืื›ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืš,
03:15
for theft of our children's future to be a crime --
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ืฉื’ื ื™ื‘ืช ืขืชื™ื“ื ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื• ืชื™ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืคืฉืข,
03:18
there must be a clear, demonstrable alternative
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ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืคื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื•ืžื•ื›ื—ืช
03:21
to the take-make-waste industrial system
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ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืงื—-ื™ื™ืฆืจ-ื–ืจื•ืง
03:24
that so dominates our civilization,
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ืฉืฉื•ืœื˜ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
03:27
and is the major culprit, stealing our children's future,
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ื•ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื ืืฉืžืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘ื’ื ื™ื‘ืช ืขืชื™ื“ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•,
03:30
by digging up the earth
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ืข"ื™ ื›ืจื™ื™ืช ืื“ืžื”,
03:32
and converting it to products that quickly become waste
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ื•ื”ืคื™ื›ืชื” ืœืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืžื”ืจื” ื™ื™ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืคืกื•ืœืช
03:36
in a landfill or an incinerator --
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ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืžื–ื‘ืœื” ืื• ืžืฉืจืคื”.
03:38
in short, digging up the earth and converting it to pollution.
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ื•ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ื›ืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืื“ืžื” ื•ื”ืคื™ื›ืชื” ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื.
03:43
According to Paul and Anne Ehrlich
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ืœืคื™ ืคื•ืœ ื•-ืืŸ ืืจืœื™ืš,
03:45
and a well-known environmental impact equation,
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ื•ืžืฉื•ื•ืื” ืžืคื•ืจืกืžืช ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”,
03:48
impact -- a bad thing --
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ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื”-- ื“ื‘ืจ ืจืข--
03:50
is the product of population, affluence and technology.
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ื”ื™ื ืชื•ืฆืจ ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื”, ืฉืคืข ื•ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
03:54
That is, impact is generated by people,
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื ื’ืจืžืช ืข"ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื,
03:58
what they consume in their affluence,
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ืฉืคืข ืฉืœื”ื,
04:00
and how it is produced.
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ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื–ื” ืžื™ื•ืฆืจ.
04:03
And though the equation is largely subjective,
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ื•ืืฃ ืฉื”ืžืฉื•ื•ืื” ื”ื™ื ืกื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืžืื“,
04:05
you can perhaps quantify people, and perhaps quantify affluence,
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ืืคืฉืจ ืื•ืœื™ ืœื›ืžืช ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืœื›ืžืช ืฉืคืข,
04:09
but technology is abusive in too many ways to quantify.
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ืืš ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืคื•ื’ืขื ื™ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื›ื“ื™ ืœื›ืžืช.
04:13
So the equation is conceptual.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื•ื•ืื” ื”ื™ื ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ืช,
04:15
Still it works to help us understand the problem.
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ืืš ื”ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”.
04:18
So we set out at Interface, in 1994,
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ืขืจื›ื ื• ื‘"ืื™ื ื˜ืจืคื™ื™ืก", ื‘-1994
04:23
to create an example:
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ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื“ื•ื’ืžื,
04:25
to transform the way we made carpet,
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ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืฉื˜ื™ื—ื™ื
04:27
a petroleum-intensive product for materials as well as energy,
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ืžืžื•ืฆืจ ืขืชื™ืจ-ื ืคื˜ ื•ื’ื ืื ืจื’ื™ื”.
04:31
and to transform our technologies
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ื•ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
04:33
so they diminished environmental impact,
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ื›ืš ืฉื™ืคื—ื™ืชื• ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”,
04:36
rather than multiplied it.
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจื”.
04:39
Paul and Anne Ehrlich's environmental impact equation:
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ื”ืžืฉื•ื•ืื” ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืคื•ืœ ื•-ืืŸ ืืจืœื™ืš:
04:42
I is equal to P times A times T:
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ื”' ืฉื•ื•ื” ื' ื›ืคื•ืœ ืฉ' ื›ืคื•ืœ ื˜'.
04:45
population, affluence and technology.
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ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื”, ืฉืคืข ื•ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
04:48
I wanted Interface to rewrite that equation so that it read
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืฉ"ืื™ื ื˜ืจืคื™ื™ืก" ืชืฉื›ืชื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื•ื•ืื” ื›ืš:
04:54
I equals P times A divided by T.
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ื”' ืฉื•ื•ื” ื' ื›ืคื•ืœ ืฉ' ื—ืœืงื™ ื˜'.
04:57
Now, the mathematically-minded will see immediately
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ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืžื•ื— ื”ืžืชืžื˜ื™ ื™ื‘ื™ื ื• ืžื™ื“
05:00
that T in the numerator increases impact -- a bad thing --
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ืฉ-ื˜' ื‘ืžื•ื ื” ืžื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” - ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘.
05:03
but T in the denominator decreases impact.
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ืื‘ืœ ื˜' ื‘ืžื›ื ื” ืžืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื”.
05:07
So I ask, "What would move T, technology,
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ืฉืืœืชื™ ื”ื™ืชื”, "ืžื” ื™ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื˜', ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
05:11
from the numerator -- call it T1 --
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ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ื ื”, ื ืงืจื ืœื• ื˜1,
05:13
where it increases impact,
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ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื”,
05:15
to the denominator -- call it T2 --
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ืืœ ื”ืžื›ื ื”, ื ืงืจื ืœื• ื˜2,
05:18
where it reduces impact?
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ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืžืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื”?
05:21
I thought about the characteristics
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืขืœ ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™
05:25
of first industrial revolution,
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ื”ืžื”ืคื›ื” ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”,
05:27
T1, as we practiced it at Interface,
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ื˜1, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขื‘ื“ื ื• ื‘"ืื™ื ื˜ืจืคื™ื™ืก",
05:30
and it had the following characteristics.
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ื•ื”ื™ื• ืœื›ืš ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื.
05:34
Extractive: taking raw materials from the earth.
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ืžื™ืฆื•ื™: ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื’ืœื ืžืŸ ื”ืื“ืžื”.
05:38
Linear: take, make, waste.
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ืงื•ื•ื™ื•ืช: ืงื—-ื™ื™ืฆืจ-ื–ืจื•ืง.
05:41
Powered by fossil fuel-derived energy.
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ืžื•ื ืขื™ื ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื™ืช ื“ืœืงื™ ืžืื•ื‘ื ื™ื.
05:43
Wasteful: abusive and focused on labor productivity.
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ืขืชื™ืจ-ืคืกื•ืœืช: ืคื•ื’ืขื ื™ ื•ืžืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
05:47
More carpet per man-hour.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืฉืขืช ืขื•ื‘ื“.
05:50
Thinking it through, I realized that all those attributes
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ื›ืฉื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื”ื™ื˜ื‘, ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื”
05:53
must be changed to move T to the denominator.
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ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉ-ื˜' ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืžื›ื ื”.
05:58
In the new industrial revolution extractive must be replaced by renewable;
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ื‘ืžื”ืคื›ื” ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ื”ืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื™ื•ื—ืœืฃ ื‘ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช,
06:03
linear by cyclical;
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ื”ืงื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืชื•ื—ืœืฃ ื‘ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช,
06:05
fossil fuel energy by renewable energy, sunlight;
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ืื ืจื’ื™ื™ืช ื“ืœืงื™ ื”ืžืื•ื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืžืชื—ื“ืฉืช, ืื•ืจ ืฉืžืฉ.
06:09
wasteful by waste-free;
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ืขืชื™ืจ-ืคืกื•ืœืช ื‘ื ื˜ื•ืœ-ืคืกื•ืœืช.
06:11
and abusive by benign;
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ื”ืคื•ื’ืขื ื•ืช - ื‘ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืช.
06:13
and labor productivity by resource productivity.
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ื•ืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” - ื‘ืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื.
06:17
And I reasoned that if we could make those transformative changes,
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ื•ืœื”ื‘ื ืชื™, ืื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื—ื•ืœืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
06:21
and get rid of T1 altogether,
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ื•ืœื”ื™ืคื˜ืจ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืž-ื˜1,
06:23
we could reduce our impact to zero,
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ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉืคืขืชื ื• ืœืืคืก,
06:26
including our impact on the climate.
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ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืฉืคืขืชื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืืงืœื™ื.
06:29
And that became the Interface plan in 1995,
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ "ืื™ื ื˜ืจืคื™ื™ืก" ื‘-1995.
06:32
and has been the plan ever since.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื ื•ืชืจื” ื›ื–ื• ืžืื– ื•ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื.
06:35
We have measured our progress very rigorously.
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ืžื“ื“ื ื• ืืช ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืงืคื“ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื”.
06:39
So I can tell you how far we have come in the ensuing 12 years.
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ื›ืš ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื ื›ืžื” ื”ืชืงื“ืžื ื• ื‘-12 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื–.
06:43
Net greenhouse gas emissions
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ื ื˜ื• ืคืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื’ื–ื™ ื—ืžืžื”
06:45
down 82 percent in absolute tonnage.
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ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ 82% ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ ื˜ื•ื ืื–' ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ื™ื.
06:49
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
06:53
Over the same span of time
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ื‘ืžืจื•ืฆืช ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”
06:55
sales have increased by two-thirds and profits have doubled.
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ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœื• ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื›ืคืœื•.
06:58
So an 82 percent absolute reduction
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ืื– ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืฉืœ 82 ืื—ื•ื–
07:01
translates into a 90 percent reduction
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ื”ืžื™ืชืจื’ื ืœ-90 ืื—ื•ื– ื™ืจื™ื“ื”
07:03
in greenhouse gas intensity relative to sales.
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ื‘ืขื•ืฆืžืช ื’ื–ื™ ื”ื—ืžืžื” ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืœืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช.
07:07
This is the magnitude
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ืืœื” ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ
07:09
of the reduction the entire global technosphere
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ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืžืฆื•ื, ืฉื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืกืคื™ืจื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ื›ื•ืœื”
07:12
must realize by 2050
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ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืขื“ 2050
07:15
to avoid catastrophic climate disruption --
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื”ืชืขืจืขืจื•ืช ืืงืœื™ืžื™ืช ืงื˜ืกื˜ืจื•ืคืœื™ืช.
07:18
so the scientists are telling us.
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ื›ืš ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ื• ื”ืžื“ืขื ื™ื.
07:21
Fossil fuel usage is down 60 percent per unit of production,
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ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื“ืœืงื™ ืžืื•ื‘ื ื™ื ื™ืจื“ ื‘-60% ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ,
07:25
due to efficiencies in renewables.
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ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืชื—ื“ืฉื™ื.
07:27
The cheapest, most secure barrel of oil there is
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ื”ื™ื•ื, ื—ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื ืคื˜ ื”ื›ื™ ื–ื•ืœื” ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืฉื™ืฉ
07:30
is the one not used through efficiencies.
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ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉืœื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”, ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืช.
07:33
Water usage is down 75 percent
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ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื™ื ื™ืจื“ ื‘-75%
07:36
in our worldwide carpet tile business.
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ื‘ืขืกืงื™ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืฉื˜ื™ื—ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
07:38
Down 40 percent in our broadloom carpet business,
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ื•ื™ืจื“ ื‘-40% ื‘ืขืกืงื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ื ื˜ื•ืœื™ ื”ืชืคืจื™ื,
07:41
which we acquired in 1993
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ืขืกืง ืฉืจื›ืฉื ื• ื‘-1993
07:43
right here in California, City of Industry,
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ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”, ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ืช,
07:45
where water is so precious.
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ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืžื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื™ืงืจื™ื.
07:48
Renewable or recyclable materials are 25 percent of the total, and growing rapidly.
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ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืชื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืื• ื‘ืจื™-ืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื 25% ืžืกื”"ื›, ื•ืขื•ืœื™ื.
07:52
Renewable energy is 27 percent of our total,
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ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื”ืžืชื—ื“ืฉืช ืชื•ืคืกืช 27%,
07:55
going for 100 percent.
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ื‘ืžื’ืžื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœ-100%.
07:57
We have diverted 148 million pounds --
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ื”ืกื˜ื ื• 148 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ืจื•ืช--
08:00
that's 74,000 tons --
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ืฉื”ืŸ 74,000 ื˜ื•ื ื•ืช--
08:02
of used carpet from landfills,
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ืฉืœ ืฉื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืžืฉื™ื, ืžื“ืจื›ื ืœืžื–ื‘ืœื”.
08:05
closing the loop on material flows
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ืกื’ืจื ื• ืืช ืœื•ืœืืช ื–ืจื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื
08:07
through reverse logistics
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืœื•ื’ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื” ื”ืคื•ื›ื”
08:09
and post-consumer recycling technologies
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ื•ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืคื•ืกื˜-ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื•ืช
08:12
that did not exist when we started 14 years ago.
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ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื ืžืฆื ื›ืฉื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœืคื ื™ 14 ืฉื ื™ื.
08:16
Those new cyclical technologies
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ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืืœื”
08:18
have contributed mightily to the fact that we have produced and sold
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ืชืจืžื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืขืฆื•ืžื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื™ื™ืฆืจื ื• ื•ืžื›ืจื ื•
08:21
85 million square yards of climate-neutral carpet
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71 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืž"ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉื˜ื™ื—-ืœื›ืœ-ืžื–ื’-ืื•ื•ื™ืจ
08:25
since 2004,
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ืžืื– 2004.
08:27
meaning no net contribution to global climate disruption
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ื›ืฉื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืืคืก ืชืจื•ืžื” ื ื˜ื• ืœืขืจืขื•ืจ ื”ืืงืœื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™
08:31
in producing the carpet throughout the supply chain,
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ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื˜ื™ื— ื–ื” ืœื›ืœ ืื•ืจืš ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื”ืืกืคืงื”,
08:33
from mine and well head clear to end-of-life reclamation --
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ืžื”ืžื›ืจื” ื•ื”ื‘ืืจ ื•ืขื“ ืœืื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ.
08:38
independent third-party certified.
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ืžืื•ืฉืจ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืขืฆืžืื™ ืฉืœ ืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™.
08:40
We call it Cool Carpet.
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ืื ื• ืžื›ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื• "ืงื•ืœ ืงืจืคื˜".
08:43
And it has been a powerful marketplace differentiator,
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื”ืฉืคืขืช ืฉื•ืง ืจื‘ืช ืขื•ืฆืžื”,
08:46
increasing sales and profits.
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ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื.
08:48
Three years ago we launched carpet tile for the home,
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ืœืคื ื™ 3 ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืฉืงื ื• ืฉื˜ื™ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืชื™,
08:52
under the brand Flor,
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ื‘ืฉื ื”ืžื•ืชื’ "ืคืœื•ืจ",
08:54
misspelled F-L-O-R.
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F-L-O-R
08:57
You can point and click today at Flor.com
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืงืœื™ืง ื‘ืืชืจ ืคืœื•ืจ.ืงื•ื
08:59
and have Cool Carpet delivered to your front door in five days.
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ื•ืฉื˜ื™ื— "ืงื•ืœ ืงืจืคื˜" ื™ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืชืš ืชื•ืš 5 ื™ืžื™ื.
09:03
It is practical, and pretty too.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ ื•ื’ื ื™ืคื”.
09:06
(Laughter)
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[ืฆื—ื•ืง]
09:07
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
09:13
We reckon that we are a bit over halfway
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ืื ื• ืžืฉืขืจื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื ื• ืงืฆืช ืžืขืœ ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ื“ืจืš
09:15
to our goal: zero impact, zero footprint.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœืžื˜ืจืชื ื• - ืืคืก ื”ืฉืคืขื”, ืืคืก ืขืงื‘ื•ืช.
09:20
We've set 2020 as our target year for zero,
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ืงื‘ืขื ื• ืืช ืฉื ืช 2020 ื›ืฉื ืช ื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ืืคืก,
09:23
for reaching the top, the summit of Mount Sustainability.
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ื”ื”ื’ืขื” ืœืคืกื’ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจ ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช.
09:28
We call this Mission Zero.
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ืื ื• ืžื›ื ื™ื ื–ืืช "ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืืคืก".
09:30
And this is perhaps the most important facet:
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื›ื•ืœื.
09:33
we have found Mission Zero to be incredibly good for business.
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ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉ"ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืืคืก" ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ืคืœื™ื ืœืขืกืงื™ื.
09:37
A better business model,
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ื“ื’ื ืขื™ืกืงื™ ืžืฉื•ืคืจ.
09:40
a better way to bigger profits.
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ื“ืจืš ืžืฉื•ืคืจืช ืœืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
09:42
Here is the business case for sustainability.
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ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ื˜ื™ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืกืงื™ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช:
09:45
From real life experience, costs are down, not up,
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ืขืœ ืกืžืš ื”ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืจื“ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืขื•ืœื•ืช,
09:49
reflecting some 400 million dollars
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ื•ืžืฉืงืคื•ืช ื‘ื›ืš ื›-400 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ
09:51
of avoided costs in pursuit of zero waste --
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ื‘ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื—ืกื›ื• ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ืขืœ ืืคืก ืคืกื•ืœืช.
09:55
the first face of Mount Sustainability.
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ื”ืฆืœืข ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจ ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช.
09:58
This has paid all the costs for the transformation of Interface.
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ื–ื” ื›ื™ืกื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘"ืื™ื ื˜ืจืคื™ื™ืก".
10:02
And this dispels a myth too,
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ื•ื’ื ื”ืคืจื™ืš ืžื™ืชื•ืก,
10:04
this false choice between the environment and the economy.
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ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ื›ื•ื–ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืœื›ืœื”.
10:08
Our products are the best they've ever been,
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ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื ื‘ืฉื™ื ื˜ื™ื‘ื,
10:10
inspired by design for sustainability,
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ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ื™ื ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช,
10:12
an unexpected wellspring of innovation.
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ื”ื ืžืงื•ืจ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ื“ืœื” ืœื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช.
10:16
Our people are galvanized around this shared higher purpose.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื• ืžืื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื‘ืœื”ื˜ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืžื˜ืจื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ื ืขืœื” ื–ื•.
10:19
You cannot beat it for attracting the best people
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ื–ื• ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœืžืฉื•ืš ืืช ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื
10:21
and bringing them together.
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ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื.
10:24
And the goodwill of the marketplace is astonishing.
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ื•ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
10:27
No amount of advertising, no clever marketing campaign,
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ืฉื•ื ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืคืจืกื•ื ืื• ืชืขืžื•ืœื” ืฉื™ื•ื•ืงื™ืช ืžื—ื•ื›ืžืช
10:31
at any price, could have produced or created
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื, ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ
10:34
this much goodwill.
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ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘.
10:37
Costs, products, people, marketplaces --
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ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ื, ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื.
10:39
what else is there?
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ืžื” ืขื•ื“ ื™ืฉ?
10:41
It is a better business model.
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ื–ื”ื• ื“ื’ื ืขื™ืกืงื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
10:43
And here is our 14-year record of sales and profits.
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ื•ื”ื ื” ืชื™ืขื•ื“ 14 ืฉื ื•ืช ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื• ื•ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื•.
10:48
There is a dip there, from 2001 to 2003:
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ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื ืคื™ืœื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ 2001 ืœ-2003,
10:51
a dip when our sales, over a three-year period,
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ื›ืฉื”ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื
10:53
were down 17 percent.
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ื™ืจื“ื• ื‘-17 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื.
10:55
But the marketplace was down 36 percent.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉื•ืง ื™ืจื“ ื‘-36 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื.
10:58
We literally gained market share.
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ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื ื• ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื ืชื— ืฉื•ืง
11:00
We might not have survived that recession
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉื•ืจื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ืชื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”
11:03
but for the advantages of sustainability.
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ืื™ืœื•ืœื ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
11:06
If every business were pursuing Interface plans,
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ืื™ืœื• ื›ืœ ืขืกืง ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ื”ื’ ืœืคื™ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช "ืื™ื ื˜ืจืคื™ื™ืก"
11:10
would that solve all our problems?
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืคื•ืชืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืชื™ื ื•?
11:12
I don't think so.
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ืื™ื ื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื›ืš.
11:14
I remain troubled by the revised Ehrlich equation,
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ืžื˜ืจื™ื“ ืื•ืชื™ ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉื•ื•ืืช ืืจืœื™ืš,
11:17
I equals P times A divided by T2.
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ื”' ืฉื•ื•ื” ื' ื›ืคื•ืœ ืฉ' ื—ืœืงื™ ื˜2.
11:21
That A is a capital A,
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ื›ืฉ-ืฉ' ื”ื™ื ืฉ' ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉืช,
11:23
suggesting that affluence is an end in itself.
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ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืฉืคืข ื”ืคืš ืœืžื˜ืจื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื”.
11:28
But what if we reframed Ehrlich further?
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ืืš ืžื” ืื ื ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืžืฉื•ื•ืืช ืืจืœื™ืš?
11:32
And what if we made A a lowercase 'a,'
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ื•ืžื” ืื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืงื˜ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ืฉ',
11:35
suggesting that it is a means to an end,
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ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ ื•ืœื ื‘ืžื˜ืจื”,
11:37
and that end is happiness --
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ื›ืฉื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืื•ืฉืจ.
11:40
more happiness with less stuff.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื•ืฉืจ ืขื ืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืคืฆื™ื.
11:43
You know that would reframe civilization itself --
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ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืฉื–ื” ื™ืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืขืฆืžื”--
11:46
(Applause) --
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
11:54
and our whole system of economics,
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ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœื ื•,
11:57
if not for our species, then perhaps for the one that succeeds us:
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ืื ืœื ืœืžื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•, ืื•ืœื™ ืœืžื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื•.
12:03
the sustainable species, living on a finite earth,
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ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืจ-ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื ืฉื™ื—ื™ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืกื•ืคื™.
12:06
ethically, happily and ecologically
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ื‘ืžื•ืกืจื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืื•ืฉืจ ื•ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช
12:09
in balance with nature
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ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ื˜ื‘ืข
12:11
and all her natural systems for a thousand generations,
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ื•ื›ืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืชื™ื• ืœืžืฉืš ืืœืฃ ื“ื•ืจื•ืช,
12:14
or 10,000 generations --
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ืื• 10,000 ื“ื•ืจื•ืช.
12:16
that is to say, into the indefinite future.
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ.
12:19
But does the earth have to wait for our extinction as a species?
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ืืš ื”ืื ื”ืื“ืžื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ืœื”ื›ื—ื“ืชื ื• ื›ืžื™ืŸ?
12:24
Well maybe so. But I don't think so.
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ืื•ืœื™. ืืš ืื™ื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื›ืš.
12:27
At Interface we really intend to bring this prototypical
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ื‘"ืื™ื ื˜ืจืคื™ื™ืก" ืื ื• ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช
12:30
sustainable, zero-footprint industrial company
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ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ืฉืœื ื•, ื‘ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื ื•ืืคืก ื”ืขืงื‘ื•ืช
12:33
fully into existence by 2020.
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ืœืงื™ื•ื ืžืœื ืขื“ 2020.
12:36
We can see our way now,
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ื›ืขืช ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื“ืจื›ื ื•
12:38
clear to the top of that mountain.
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ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ, ืขื“ ืœืคืกื’ืช ื”ื”ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
12:40
And now the challenge is in execution.
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ื•ื”ืืชื’ืจ ื ืžืฆื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข.
12:43
And as my good friend and adviser Amory Lovins says,
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ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ ืืžื•ืจื™ ืœื•ื‘ื™ื ืก ืื•ืžืจ,
12:46
"If something exists, it must be possible."
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"ืื ืžืฉื”ื• ืงื™ื™ื, ื”ื•ื ื•ื“ืื™ ืืคืฉืจื™."
12:50
(Laughter)
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[ืฆื—ื•ืง]
12:53
If we can actually do it, it must be possible.
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ืื ืื ื• ืื›ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช, ื–ื” ื•ื“ืื™ ืืคืฉืจื™.
12:56
If we, a petro-intensive company can do it, anybody can.
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ืื ืื ื•, ื—ื‘ืจืช ืขืชื™ืจืช-ื ืคื˜, ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ.
13:00
And if anybody can, it follows that everybody can.
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ื•ืื ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ, ื”ื“ืขืช ื ื•ืชื ืช ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื.
13:04
Hawken fulfilled business and industry,
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ืขืกืงื™ื ื•ืชืขืฉื™ื” ืฉืžื’ืฉื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื—ื–ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืงื™ื ืก,
13:07
leading humankind away from the abyss
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ืžืจื—ื™ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืžืŸ ื”ืชื”ื•ื.
13:11
because, with continued unchecked decline of the biosphere,
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ื›ื™ ืื ืชื™ืžืฉืš ื”ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืฉืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืกืคื™ืจื”,
13:16
a very dear person is at risk here --
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ืื“ื ื™ืงืจ ืžืื“ ื™ื™ืžืฆื ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ.
13:19
frankly, an unacceptable risk.
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ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืืžืช, ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืงื‘ื™ืœ.
13:21
Who is that person?
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ืžื™ื”ื• ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื?
13:23
Not you. Not I.
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ืœื ืืชื. ืœื ืื ื™.
13:25
But let me introduce you to the one who is most at risk here.
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ื”ื‘ื” ื•ืืฆื™ื’ ืœื›ื ืืช ืžื™ ืฉื”ื›ื™ ื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื›ืืŸ.
13:28
And I myself met this person in the early days of this mountain climb.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืขืฆืžื™ ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ื‘ื• ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ืขืœ ื”ื”ืจ.
13:32
On a Tuesday morning in March of 1996,
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ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืžืจืฅ 1996.
13:36
I was talking to people, as I did at every opportunity back then,
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ื”ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื, ื›ืžื ื”ื’ื™ ืื– ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช,
13:39
bringing them along and often not knowing whether I was connecting.
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ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ืœื”ื™ื‘ ืื•ืชื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืื ืื ื™ ืžื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื”ื.
13:43
But about five days later back in Atlanta,
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ืืš ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ 5 ื™ืžื™ื, ื›ืฉืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืื˜ืœื ื˜ื”,
13:46
I received an email from Glenn Thomas,
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ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ื“ื•ื"ืœ ืžื’ืœืŸ ืชื•ืžืก,
13:49
one of my people in the California meeting.
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ืื—ื“ ืžืื ืฉื™ ืฉื ื›ื— ื‘ืคื’ื™ืฉื” ื‘ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”.
13:51
He was sending me an original poem
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื— ืœื™ ืฉื™ืจ ืคืจื™ ืขื˜ื•,
13:53
that he had composed after our Tuesday morning together.
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ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ืคื’ืฉื ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ.
13:56
And when I read it it was one of the most uplifting moments of my life.
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ื›ืฉืงืจืืชื™ ืื•ืชื•, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืจื’ืขื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืžืžื•ืช ื”ืจื•ื— ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™.
14:00
Because it told me, by God, one person got it.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื ืชื™: ื‘ืฉื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ืืช.
14:04
Here is what Glenn wrote. And here is that person, most at risk.
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ื”ื ื” ืžื” ืฉื’ืœืŸ ื›ืชื‘, ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ืื“ื ืฉื ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื›ื ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
14:08
Please meet "Tomorrow's Child."
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ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืืช "ื™ืœื“ ื”ืžื—ืจ".
14:12
"Without a name, an unseen face, and knowing not your time or place,
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"ืœื ืฉื ื•ืœื ืชื•ืืจ ืœืš, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื“ืขืช ืžืชื™ ื•ื”ื™ื›ืŸ,
14:16
Tomorrow's child, though yet unborn,
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ื™ืœื“ ื”ืžื—ืจ, ืืฃ ืฉื˜ืจื ื ื•ืœื“ืช,
14:19
I met you first last Tuesday morn.
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ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื›ืจืชื™ืš ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ.
14:22
A wise friend introduced us two.
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ื™ื“ื™ื“ ื—ื›ื ื”ืคื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื•.
14:24
And through his sobering point of view
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ื•ื“ืจืš ืžื‘ื˜ ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื”ืžืคื•ื›ื—
14:26
I saw a day that you would see, a day for you but not for me.
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ืจืื™ืชื™ ื™ื•ื ื‘ื• ืชื—ื–ื”, ืืš ืœื ืื ื™.
14:31
Knowing you has changed my thinking.
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ื”ื™ื›ืจืชื™ืš, ื•ืื•ืจื— ื—ืฉื™ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืฉืชื ื”.
14:33
For I never had an inkling
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ื›ื™ ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื—ืฉื“ืชื™ ื‘ื›ืš
14:35
that perhaps the things I do might someday,
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ืฉื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžืขืฉื™ ื™ื“ื™
14:38
somehow threaten you.
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ื™ืื™ื™ืžื• ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ืขืœื™ืš.
14:41
Tomorrow's child, my daughter, son,
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ื™ืœื“ื™ ื”ืžื—ืจ, ื‘ืชื™, ื‘ื ื™,
14:43
I'm afraid I've just begun to think of you and of your good,
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ื—ื•ืฉืฉื ื™ ืฉืจืง ืขืชื” ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื›ื
14:45
though always having known I should.
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ื•ืขืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ืชื›ื, ืืฃ ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื–ื• ื—ื•ื‘ืชื™.
14:49
Begin, I will.
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ืืชื—ื™ืœ, ืื ื›ืŸ,
14:51
The way the cost of what I squander, what is lost,
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ืœืฉืœื ืืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื–ืชื™ ื•ืžื” ืฉืื‘ื“,
14:54
if ever I forget that you
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ื•ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืืฉื›ื— ืฉื’ื ืืชื
14:56
will someday come and live here too."
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ืชื—ื™ื• ื›ืืŸ ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“."
15:00
Well, every day of my life since,
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ื•ืžืื–, ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืžื™ืžื™ ื—ื™ื™,
15:02
"Tomorrow's Child" has spoken to me
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"ื™ืœื“ ื”ืžื—ืจ" ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืืœ ืœื™ื‘ื™
15:04
with one simple but profound message,
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ื‘ืžืกืจ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืืš ืžืขืžื™ืง,
15:06
which I presume to share with you.
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ืฉืื ื™ ืžืชื™ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื™ ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืขืžื›ื.
15:08
We are, each and every one,
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ื›ื•ืœื ื•, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื•,
15:10
a part of the web of life.
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ื—ืœืง ืžืžืืจื’ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื.
15:13
The continuum of humanity, sure, but in a larger sense, the web of life itself.
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ื›ืŸ, ืจืฆืฃ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช, ืืš ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืจื—ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžืืจื’ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืขืฆืžื.
15:17
And we have a choice to make
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ื•ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ
15:19
during our brief, brief visit
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื ื• ื”ืงืฆืจืฆืจ
15:21
to this beautiful blue and green living planet:
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ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœ-ื™ืจื•ืง ื”ื™ืคื”ืคื” ื•ื”ื—ื™ ื”ื–ื”,
15:25
to hurt it or to help it.
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ื”ืื ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื•, ืื• ืœืชืจื•ื ืœื•.
15:28
For you, it's your call.
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ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื›ื, ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืจืชื›ื.
15:31
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
15:33
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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