How to shift your mindset and choose your future | Tom Rivett-Carnac

137,735 views ใƒป 2020-05-13

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Transcriber: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Camille Martรญnez
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ืชืจื’ื•ื: Yael Ring ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Tal Hemu
00:13
I never thought that I would be giving my TED Talk somewhere like this.
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ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืืชืŸ ืืช ื”ืจืฆืืช ื”-TED ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื›ื–ื”.
00:17
But, like half of humanity,
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ืื‘ืœ, ื›ืžื• ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช,
00:19
I've spent the last four weeks under lockdown
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ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืืช ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“
00:22
due to the global pandemic created by COVID-19.
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ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืžื’ืคื” ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื ื’ื™ืฃ ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”.
00:27
I am extremely fortunate that during this time
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ืื ื™ ืžื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ืžื–ืœื™ ืฉื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื•
00:29
I've been able to come here to these woods near my home in southern England.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื•ื ืœื›ืืŸ, ืœื™ืขืจ ื”ื–ื” ืกืžื•ืš ืœื‘ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ืื ื’ืœื™ื”.
00:34
These woods have always inspired me,
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ื”ื™ืขืจ ื”ื–ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื•ื•ื” ืœื™ ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืฉืจืื”,
00:36
and as humanity now tries to think about how we can find the inspiration
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ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ืžื ืกื” ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืจืื”
00:41
to retake control of our actions
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ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื™ื ื•
00:44
so that terrible things don't come down the road
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ื›ืš ืฉืืกื•ื ื•ืช ืœื ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืœืคืชื—ื ื•
00:46
without us taking action to avert them,
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉื ื ืงื•ื˜ ืžืขืฉื™ื ืœืžื ื•ืข ืื•ืชื,
00:49
I thought this is a good place for us to talk.
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื–ื”ื• ืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื• ืœืฉื•ื—ื—.
00:52
And I'd like to begin that story six years ago,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืฉ ืฉื ื™ื,
00:56
when I had first joined the United Nations.
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ื›ืฉื”ืฆื˜ืจืคืชื™ ืœืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืื•"ื.
00:59
Now, I firmly believe that the UN is of unparalleled importance
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ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืฉืœืื•"ื ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื”
01:04
in the world right now
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ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ื™ื•ื
01:05
to promote collaboration and cooperation.
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ืœืงื“ื ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช.
01:09
But what they don't tell you when you join
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืœื ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืœืš ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžืฆื˜ืจืฃ
01:11
is that this essential work is delivered
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื–ื• ืžื•ืขื‘ืจืช
01:13
mainly in the form of extremely boring meetings --
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืžืžืฉ ืžืฉืขืžืžื•ืช --
01:17
extremely long, boring meetings.
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ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืžืžืฉ ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืขืžืžื•ืช.
01:20
Now, you may feel that you have attended some long, boring meetings in your life,
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ืืชื ืื•ืœื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ืฉืชืชืคืชื ืืชื ื‘ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืžืžืฉ ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืขืžืžื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื›ื,
01:24
and I'm sure you have.
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ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืื›ืŸ ืขืฉื™ืชื ื–ืืช.
01:25
But these UN meetings are next-level,
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ืื‘ืœ ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืื•"ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ืŸ ืžืžืฉ ื‘ืจืžื” ืื—ืจืช,
01:27
and everyone who works there approaches them with a level of calm
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ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ ืฉื ื ื™ื’ืฉ ืืœื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ื’ืข
01:31
normally only achieved by Zen masters.
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ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžื•ืฉื’ืช ืจืง ืืฆืœ ืžืืกื˜ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื–ืŸ.
01:34
But myself, I wasn't ready for that.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื›ืš.
01:36
I joined expecting drama and tension and breakthrough.
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ืื ื™ ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคืชื™ ื‘ืฆื™ืคื™ื” ืœื“ืจืžื” ื•ืžืชื— ื•ืคืจื™ืฆื•ืช ื“ืจืš.
01:40
What I wasn't ready for
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ืžื” ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื•
01:41
was a process that seemed to move at the speed of a glacier,
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ื”ื™ื” ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉื ื“ืžื” ืฉื–ื– ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืงืจื—ื•ืŸ,
01:45
at the speed that a glacier used to move at.
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ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉืงืจื—ื•ื ื™ื ื ื”ื’ื• ืœื ื•ืข ื‘ื•.
01:49
Now, in the middle of one of these long meetings,
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ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืื—ืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”,
01:51
I was handed a note.
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ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคืชืง.
01:52
And it was handed to me by my friend and colleague and coauthor,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื”ืงื•ืœื’ื” ื•ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื” ืœื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื™,
01:56
Christiana Figueres.
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ื›ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืื ื” ืคื™ื’ืืจืก.
01:58
Christiana was the Executive Secretary
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ื›ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืื ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช
02:01
of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change,
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ืฉืœ ื•ืขื™ื“ืช ื”ืื•"ื ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื,
02:04
and as such, had overall responsibility
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ื•ื›ื›ื–ื•, ื”ื™ืชื” ืื—ืจืื™ืช
02:06
for the UN reaching what would become the Paris Agreement.
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ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืื•"ื ืฉื”ืคืš ืœื”ืกื›ื ืคืจื™ื–.
02:10
I was running political strategy for her.
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ืื ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆืขืชื™ ืืช ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื” ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจื”.
02:13
So when she handed me this note,
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ืื– ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื ืชื ื” ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืคืชืง ื”ื–ื”,
02:15
I assumed that it would contain detailed political instructions
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ื”ื ื—ืชื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื›ื™ืœ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืช
02:19
about how we were going to get out of this nightmare quagmire
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื™ืš ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฆืืช ืžื”ื‘ื™ืฆื” ื”ืกื™ื•ื˜ื™ืช
02:22
that we seemed to be trapped in.
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ืฉื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ืœื•ืื™ื ื‘ืชื•ื›ื”.
02:23
I took the note and looked at it.
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ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืคืชืง ื•ืงืจืืชื™ ืื•ืชื•.
02:25
It said, "Painful.
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ื‘ืคืชืง ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ื›ื•ืื‘.
02:27
But let's approach with love!"
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ื ื ื™ื’ืฉ ืœื–ื” ื‘ืื”ื‘ื”!"
02:29
Now, I love this note for lots of reasons.
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ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ืคืชืง ื”ื–ื” ืžื”ืจื‘ื” ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช.
02:32
I love the way the little tendrils are coming out from the word "painful."
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ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ืกืœืกื•ืœื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžื”ืžื™ืœื” "ื›ื•ืื‘".
02:35
It was a really good visual depiction of how I felt at that moment.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ ืžืžืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืื™ืš ืฉื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืจื’ืข.
02:39
But I particularly love it because as I looked at it,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื”ื‘ืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ื›ื™ ื›ืฉืงืจืืชื™ ืื•ืชื•,
02:42
I realized that it was a political instruction,
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ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉื–ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช,
02:45
and that if we were going to be successful,
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ื•ืฉืื ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื—,
02:47
this was how we were going to do it.
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ื›ืš ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
02:50
So let me explain that.
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ืื– ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื”.
02:52
What I'd been feeling in those meetings was actually about control.
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ืžื” ืฉื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืกื‘ื‘ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื”.
02:57
I had moved my life from Brooklyn in New York to Bonn in Germany
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ื”ืขื‘ืจืชื™ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ ืžื‘ืจื•ืงืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”
03:01
with the extremely reluctant support of my wife.
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ื‘ืชืžื™ื›ืชื” ื”ืžืกื•ื™ื’ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืืฉืชื™.
03:04
My children were now in a school where they couldn't speak the language,
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ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื”ืœื›ื• ืœื‘ื™ืช-ืกืคืจ ื‘ื• ื”ื ืœื ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ืืช ื”ืฉืคื”,
03:07
and I thought the deal for all this disruption to my world
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื”ืชืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืขื“ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื™
03:10
was that I would have some degree of control over what was going to happen.
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ื”ื™ืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช ื‘ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืœืš ืœืงืจื•ืช.
03:14
I felt for years that the climate crisis is the defining challenge
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืฉืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืืงืœื™ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืืชื’ืจ ื”ืžืขืฆื‘
03:18
of our generation,
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ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื•.
03:19
and here I was, ready to play my part and do something for humanity.
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ื•ื”ื ื” ืื ื™, ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืžืœื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช.
03:23
But I put my hands on the levers of control that I'd been given
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ืื‘ืœ ืฉืžืชื™ ืืช ื™ื“ื™ ืขืœ ื”ื’ืื™ ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœื™
03:26
and pulled them,
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ื•ืžืฉื›ืชื™ ื‘ื”ื,
03:27
and nothing happened.
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ื•ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ืงืจื”.
03:29
I realized the things I could control were menial day-to-day things.
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ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ืชื™ ื”ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ื.
03:33
"Do I ride my bike to work?" and "Where do I have lunch?",
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"ื”ืื ืœืจื›ื‘ ืขืœ ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”?" ื•"ืื™ืคื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื?",
03:36
whereas the things that were going to determine
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืงื‘ืขื•
03:38
whether we were going to be successful
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ื”ืื ื ืฆืœื™ื—
03:40
were issues like, "Will Russia wreck the negotiations?"
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ื”ื™ื• ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื›ืžื•, "ื”ืื ืจื•ืกื™ื” ืชื—ืจื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ?"
03:43
"Will China take responsibility for their emissions?"
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"ื”ืื ืกื™ืŸ ืชื™ืงื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื’ื– ืฉืœื”?"
03:46
"Will the US help poorer countries deal with their burden of climate change?"
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"ื”ืื ืืจื”"ื‘ ืชืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื?"
03:50
The differential felt so huge,
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ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ,
03:52
I could see no way I could bridge the two.
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ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื’ืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื.
03:54
It felt futile.
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ื–ื” ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื—ืกืจ ืชื•ืขืœืช.
03:56
I began to feel that I'd made a mistake.
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ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื˜ืขื•ืช.
03:58
I began to get depressed.
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ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ.
04:00
But even in that moment,
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ืื‘ืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
04:02
I realized that what I was feeling had a lot of similarities
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ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉืœืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืงื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ืžื™ื•ืŸ
04:05
to what I'd felt when I first found out about the climate crisis years before.
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ืœืžื” ืฉื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื›ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™ ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืืงืœื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื™ื.
04:10
I'd spent many of my most formative years as a Buddhist monk
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ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ืฉื ื•ืชื™ื™ ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ื•ืช ื›ื ื–ื™ืจ ื‘ื•ื“ื”ื™ืกื˜ื™
04:14
in my early 20s,
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ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-20 ืฉืœื™,
04:16
but I left the monastic life, because even then, 20 years ago,
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื–ื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื ื–ื™ืจื•ืช, ื›ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืื–, ืœืคื ื™ 20 ืฉื ื”,
04:20
I felt that the climate crisis was already a quickly unfolding emergency
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ื—ืฉืชื™ ืฉืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืืงืœื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื“ืจื“ืจ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืžืฆื‘ ื—ื™ืจื•ื
04:25
and I wanted to do my part.
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ื•ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืชืจื•ื ืืช ื—ืœืงื™.
04:27
But once I'd left and I rejoined the world,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืขื–ื‘ืชื™ ื•ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืขื•ืœื,
04:29
I looked at what I could control.
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ื”ืชืžืงื“ืชื™ ื‘ืžื” ืฉืื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื•.
04:31
It was the few tons of my own emissions and that of my immediate family,
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื˜ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืขื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื’ื– ืฉืœื™ ื•ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื”,
04:35
which political party I voted for every few years,
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื™ื–ื• ืžืคืœื’ื” ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ืืฆื‘ื™ืข ื›ืœ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื,
04:38
whether I went on a march or two.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืฆืขื“ื” ื›ื–ื• ืื• ืื—ืจืช.
04:40
And then I looked at the issues that would determine the outcome,
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ื•ืื– ื”ืกืชื›ืœืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื”,
04:43
and they were big geopolitical negotiations,
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ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื’ื™ืื•ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื,
04:45
massive infrastructure spending plans,
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ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื™ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื™ื,
04:47
what everybody else did.
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ืžื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืขืฉื•.
04:49
The differential again felt so huge
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ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ
04:51
that I couldn't see any way that I could bridge it.
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ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื’ืฉืจ ืขืœื™ื•.
04:53
I kept trying to take action,
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ื”ืžืฉื›ืชื™ ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื”,
04:55
but it didn't really stick.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืžืžืฉ ื”ืฆืœื™ื—.
04:57
It felt futile.
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ื–ื” ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื—ืกืจ ืชื•ืขืœืช.
04:59
Now, we know that this can be a common experience for many people,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื–ืืช ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื ืคื•ืฆื” ืืฆืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื,
05:02
and maybe you have had this experience.
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ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื ืขืฆืžื›ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ืชื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื–ื•.
05:05
When faced with an enormous challenge
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ื‘ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ืืชื’ืจ ืขืฆื•ื
05:07
that we don't feel we have any agency or control over,
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืื™ื–ืฉื”ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืื• ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœื™ื•,
05:10
our mind can do a little trick to protect us.
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ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื˜ืจื™ืง ืงื˜ืŸ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื•.
05:12
We don't like to feel like we're out of control
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ื”
05:15
facing big forces,
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ื‘ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื,
05:16
so our mind will tell us, "Maybe it's not that important.
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ืื– ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื ื• ื™ืืžืจ ืœื ื• "ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ืœื ื›ื–ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘.
05:19
Maybe it's not happening in the way that people say, anyway."
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ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ืœื ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืงื•ืจื”, ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”".
05:22
Or, it plays down our own role.
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ืื•, ื”ื•ื ืžืžืขื™ื˜ ื‘ืขืจืš ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื•.
05:24
"There's nothing that you individually can do, so why try?"
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"ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืฉื™, ืื– ืœืžื” ืœื ืกื•ืช?"
05:28
But there's something odd going on here.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืžื•ื–ืจ ืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื›ืืŸ.
05:32
Is it really true that humans will only take sustained and dedicated action
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืจืง ื™ืคืขืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื ื•ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘
05:38
on an issue of paramount importance
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ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืขืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžื›ืจืขืช
05:41
when they feel they have a high degree of control?
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ื›ืฉื”ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžื™ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื”?
05:45
Look at these pictures.
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ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื• ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
05:47
These people are caregivers and nurses
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ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ื ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื•ืื—ื™ื•ืช
05:50
who have been helping humanity face the coronavirus COVID-19
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ื”ืžืกื™ื™ืขื™ื ืœืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืžื•ืœ ื ื’ื™ืฃ ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”
05:55
as it has swept around the world as a pandemic in the last few months.
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ื‘ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืชื• ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ืžื’ืคื” ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื.
05:59
Are these people able to prevent the spread of the disease?
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ื”ืื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืœื”?
06:04
No.
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ืœื.
06:05
Are they able to prevent their patients from dying?
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ื”ืื ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ืžื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื”ื?
06:09
Some, they will have been able to prevent,
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ื—ืœืง ื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืžื ื•ืข,
06:12
but others, it will have been beyond their control.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื—ืจื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืฉืœื™ื˜ืชื.
06:16
Does that make their contribution futile and meaningless?
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืชืจื•ืžื” ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื™ื ื—ืกืจืช ืชื•ืขืœืช ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช?
06:20
Actually, it's offensive even to suggest that.
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ื–ื” ืคื•ื’ืข ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื›ื–ื”.
06:23
What they are doing is caring for their fellow human beings
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ื ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœืื—ื™ื”ื
06:26
at their moment of greatest vulnerability.
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ื‘ืจื’ืขื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœืฉื” ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
06:29
And that work has huge meaning,
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ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ื™ืฉ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื”,
06:32
to the point where I only have to show you those pictures
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ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉืื ื™ ืจืง ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”
06:34
for it to become evident
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืžืืœื™ื•
06:36
that the courage and humanity those people are demonstrating
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ืฉื”ืื•ืžืฅ ื•ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืื•ืชื ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืคื’ื™ื ื™ื
06:39
makes their work some of the most meaningful things
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ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ืœืื—ื“ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
06:42
that can be done as human beings,
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื,
06:45
even though they can't control the outcome.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื”ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืชื•ืฆืื”.
06:49
Now, that's interesting,
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ื–ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ,
06:50
because it shows us that humans are capable
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžืจืื” ืœื ื• ืฉื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื
06:52
of taking dedicated and sustained action,
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ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื•ื‘ืจืช ืงื™ื™ืžื
06:54
even when they can't control the outcome.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœื”.
06:57
But it leaves us with another challenge.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžืฉืื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ืขื ืืชื’ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ.
07:00
With the climate crisis,
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ื‘ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืืงืœื™ื
07:02
the action that we take is separated from the impact of it,
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ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ืงื˜ื™ื ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืคืจื“ืช ืžื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœื”,
07:06
whereas what is happening with these images
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”
07:09
is these nurses are being sustained not by the lofty goal of changing the world
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืžื—ื•ื–ืงื•ืช ืœื ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ื ืขืœื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื
07:14
but by the day-to-day satisfaction of caring for another human being
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ืืœื ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืง ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ ืžื“ืื’ื” ืœืื“ื ืื—ืจ
07:18
through their moments of weakness.
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืจื’ืขื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœืฉื” ืฉืœื•.
07:20
With the climate crisis, we have this huge separation.
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ื‘ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืืงืœื™ื, ื™ืฉื ื• ืคืขืจ ืขืฆื•ื.
07:23
It used to be that we were separated by time.
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ืคืขื ื”ืคืขืจ ื”ื™ื” ืคืขืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ.
07:25
The impacts of the climate crisis were supposed to be way off in the future.
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ื”ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืืงืœื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ ืฉื ื‘ืขืชื™ื“.
07:29
But right now, the future has come to meet us.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ื™ื•ื, ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื‘ื ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ ืื•ืชื ื•.
07:32
Continents are on fire.
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ื™ื‘ืฉื•ืช ืขื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืืฉ.
07:34
Cities are going underwater.
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ืขืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื.
07:35
Countries are going underwater.
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ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื.
07:37
Hundreds of thousands of people are on the move as a result of climate change.
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ืžืื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื.
07:41
But even if those impacts are no longer separated from us by time,
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ืื‘ืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžื•ืคืจื“ื•ืช ืžืืชื ื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ,
07:44
they're still separated from us in a way that makes it difficult to feel
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ื”ืŸ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืคืจื“ื•ืช ืžืืชื ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืžืงืฉื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื—ื•ืฉ
07:48
that direct connection.
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ื‘ืงืฉืจ ื”ื™ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
07:49
They happen somewhere else to somebody else
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ื”ืŸ ืžืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ
07:51
or to us in a different way than we're used to experiencing it.
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ืื• ืœื ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช ืžืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืื•ืชื”.
07:55
So even though that story of the nurse demonstrates something to us
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ืื– ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื—ื•ืช ืžืžื—ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžืฉื”ื•
07:58
about human nature,
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ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืคื™ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™,
08:00
we're going to have find a different way
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืžืฆื•ื ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช
08:02
of dealing with the climate crisis in a sustained manner.
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ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืืงืœื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื.
08:06
There is a way that we can do this,
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ื™ืฉื ื” ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช,
08:08
a powerful combination of a deep and supporting attitude
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ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™ ืฉืœ ื’ื™ืฉื” ืžืขืžื™ืงื” ื•ืชื•ืžื›ืช
08:12
that when combined with consistent action
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ืช ืขื ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขืงื‘ื™ืช
08:15
can enable whole societies to take dedicated action in a sustained way
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ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ื•ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื
08:19
towards a shared goal.
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ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ืžื˜ืจื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช.
08:21
It's been used to great effect throughout history.
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืจื—ื‘ ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”.
08:24
So let me give you a historical story to explain it.
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ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ื”ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื–ืืช.
08:28
Right now, I am standing in the woods near my home in southern England.
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ื›ืจื’ืข, ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ื™ืขืจ ืกืžื•ืš ืœื‘ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ืื ื’ืœื™ื”.
08:33
And these particular woods are not far from London.
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ื•ื”ื™ืขืจ ื”ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ.
08:36
Eighty years ago, that city was under attack.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืชื—ืช ืžืชืงืคื”.
08:39
In the late 1930s,
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ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-30,
08:41
the people of Britain would do anything to avoid facing the reality
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ืื ืฉื™ ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื›ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช
08:45
that Hitler would stop at nothing to conquer Europe.
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ืฉื”ื™ื˜ืœืจ ืœื ื™ืจืชืข ืžืœื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ืืช ืื™ืจื•ืคื”.
08:48
Fresh with memories from the First World War,
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ื›ืฉื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื™ ื‘ืžื•ื—ื,
08:50
they were terrified of Nazi aggression
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืคื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื ืืฆื™ืช
08:53
and would do anything to avoid facing that reality.
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ื•ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื›ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื–ื•.
08:56
In the end, the reality broke through.
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ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื—ืœื—ืœื” ืคื ื™ืžื”.
08:59
Churchill is remembered for many things, and not all of them positive,
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ืฆ'ืจืฆ'ื™ืœ ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื,
09:03
but what he did in those early days of the war
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืื•ืชื ื™ืžื™ื ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื ืœืžืœื—ืžื”
09:06
was he changed the story the people of Britain told themselves
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ื”ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืื ืฉื™ ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” ืกื™ืคืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื
09:10
about what they were doing and what was to come.
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื” ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื•ืžื” ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืงืจื•ืช.
09:12
Where previously there had been trepidation and nervousness and fear,
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœืคื ื™-ื›ืŸ ื—ืจื“ื” ื•ืขืฆื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ืคื—ื“ ืฉืจืจื•,
09:16
there came a calm resolve,
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ืคืชืื•ื ื ื—ืชื” ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ืจื’ื•ืขื”,
09:19
an island alone,
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ืื™ ื‘ื•ื“ื“,
09:20
a greatest hour,
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ืฉืขืชื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
09:22
a greatest generation,
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ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
09:24
a country that would fight them on the beaches and in the hills
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ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืชื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื—ื•ืคื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ืจื™ื
09:27
and in the streets,
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ื•ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช,
09:29
a country that would never surrender.
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ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืชื™ื›ื ืข.
09:32
That change from fear and trepidation
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ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” ืžืคื—ื“ ื•ื—ืจื“ื”
09:35
to facing the reality, whatever it was and however dark it was,
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ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืžื” ืฉืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ื•ื›ืžื” ืขื’ื•ืžื” ืฉืชื”ื™ื”,
09:38
had nothing to do with the likelihood of winning the war.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ื›ืœืœ ืœืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื ืฆื— ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”.
09:41
There was no news from the front that battles were going better
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ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ื ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืžื”ื—ื–ื™ืช ืฉื”ืงืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ
09:44
or even at that point that a powerful new ally had joined the fight
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ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉืžืขืฆืžื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื” ืœืœื—ื™ืžื”
09:48
and changed the odds in their favor.
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ื•ืฉื™ื ืชื” ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื.
09:49
It was simply a choice.
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ื–ืืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื—ื™ืจื”.
09:51
A deep, determined, stubborn form of optimism emerged,
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ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื”, ื ื—ื•ืฉื”, ืขืงืฉื ื™ืช ืฆืฆื”,
09:55
not avoiding or denying the darkness that was pressing in
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ืœื ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืื• ืกื™ืจื•ื‘ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืืคืœื” ืฉืืคืคื” ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘
09:58
but refusing to be cowed by it.
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ืืœื ืกื™ืจื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืข ืœื”.
10:01
That stubborn optimism is powerful.
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ื”ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืงืฉื ื™ืช ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืžืœืื” ื‘ื›ื•ื—.
10:03
It is not dependent on assuming that the outcome is going to be good
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ื”ื™ื ืœื ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื”
10:07
or having a form of wishful thinking about the future.
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ืื• ื‘ืกื•ื’ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉืœ ืชืงื•ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขืชื™ื“.
10:10
However, what it does is it animates action
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช, ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื ื™ืขื” ืœืคืขื•ืœื”
10:13
and infuses it with meaning.
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ื•ืžื˜ืžื™ืขื” ื‘ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช.
10:15
We know that from that time,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”,
10:17
despite the risk and despite the challenge,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืกื›ื ื” ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืืชื’ืจ,
10:19
it was a meaningful time full of purpose,
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ื–ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ืžืœืื” ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช,
10:21
and multiple accounts have confirmed
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ื•ืชื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืื™ืฉืจื•
10:23
that actions that ranged from pilots in the Battle of Britain
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ืฉืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœ ืžื”ื˜ื™ื™ืกื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”
10:26
to the simple act of pulling potatoes from the soil
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ื•ืขื“ ืœืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ืชืคื•ื—ื™ ืื“ืžื” ืžื”ืื“ืžื”
10:29
became infused with meaning.
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ื”ืคื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืœืื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช.
10:31
They were animated towards a shared purpose and a shared outcome.
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ื”ื ื”ืชืžืœืื• ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ื•ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช.
10:35
We have seen that throughout history.
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ื•ืจืื™ื ื• ื–ืืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”.
10:37
This coupling of a deep and determined stubborn optimism with action,
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ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื ื—ื•ืฉื” ื•ืขืงืฉื ื™ืช ืขื ื ืงื™ื˜ืช ืคืขื•ืœื”,
10:42
when the optimism leads to a determined action,
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ื›ืฉื”ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืคืขื•ืœื” ื ื—ื•ืฉื”,
10:44
then they can become self-sustaining:
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ืื– ื”ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœื‘ืจื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžื:
10:46
without the stubborn optimism, the action doesn't sustain itself;
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ืœืœื ื”ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืงืฉื ื™ืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื”;
10:50
without the action, the stubborn optimism is just an attitude.
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ืœืœื ื”ืคืขื•ืœื”, ื”ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืงืฉื ื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืจืง ื’ื™ืฉื”.
10:53
The two together can transform an entire issue and change the world.
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ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื›ื•ืœื• ื•ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื.
10:58
We saw this at multiple other times.
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ืจืื™ื ื• ื–ืืช ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืจื‘ ืฉืœ ืคืขืžื™ื.
11:00
We saw it when Rosa Parks refused to get up from the bus.
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ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืฉืจื•ื–ื” ืคืืจืงืก ืกื™ืจื‘ื” ืœืจื“ืช ืžื”ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืก.
11:03
We saw it in Gandhi's long salt marches to the beach.
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ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืฆืขื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืœื— ื”ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื ื“ื™ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืฃ.
11:06
We saw it when the suffragettes said that "Courage calls to courage everywhere."
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ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืฉืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืืžืจื• ืฉ"ืื•ืžืฅ ืงื•ืจื ืœืื•ืžืฅ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื".
11:10
And we saw it when Kennedy said that within 10 years,
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ื•ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืฉืงื ื“ื™ ืืžืจ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืš ืขืฉื•ืจ,
11:13
he would put a man on the moon.
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ื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ืื“ื ืขืœ ื”ื™ืจื—.
11:15
That electrified a generation and focused them on a shared goal
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ื–ื” ืžื™ืœื ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื•ืžื™ืงื“ ืื•ืชื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืžื˜ืจื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช
11:18
against a dark and frightening adversary,
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ื ื’ื“ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืืคืœ ื•ืžืคื—ื™ื“,
11:21
even though they didn't know how they would achieve it.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืื™ืš ื™ืฉื™ื’ื• ื–ืืช.
11:23
In each of these cases,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
11:25
a realistic and gritty but determined, stubborn optimism
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ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืจื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช, ื—ื•ืจืงืช ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื ื—ื•ืฉื” ื•ืขืงืฉื ื™ืช
11:29
was not the result of success.
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ืœื ื‘ืื” ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื”ืฆืœื—ื”.
11:31
It was the cause of it.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื”.
11:33
That is also how the transformation happened
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ื›ืš ื’ื ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืชืจื—ืฉ
11:36
on the road to the Paris Agreement.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืกื›ื ืคืจื™ื–.
11:38
Those challenging, difficult, pessimistic meetings transformed
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ืื•ืชืŸ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืืชื’ืจื•ืช, ืงืฉื•ืช, ืคืกื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืชื ื•
11:43
as more and more people decided that this was our moment to dig in
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ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืฉื–ื” ื”ืจื’ืข ืฉืœื ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“
11:47
and determine that we would not drop the ball on our watch,
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ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉืœื ื ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืžืฉืžืจืช ืฉืœื ื•,
11:49
and we would deliver the outcome that we knew was possible.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉื™ื“ืขื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืืคืฉืจื™ืช.
11:52
More and more people transformed themselves to that perspective
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืื™ืžืฆื• ืืช ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ื–ื•
11:55
and began to work,
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ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“,
11:57
and in the end, that worked its way up into a wave of momentum
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื–ื” ื—ืœื—ืœ ื•ื”ืชืขืฆื ืœื’ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืžื ื˜ื•ื
12:00
that crashed over us
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ืฉื”ืชืจืกืง ืขืœื™ื ื•
12:02
and delivered many of those challenging issues
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ื•ืกื™ืคืง ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืื•ืชื ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืžืืชื’ืจื™ื
12:04
with a better outcome than we could possibly have imagined.
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ืชื•ืฆืื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ.
12:07
And even now, years later and with a climate denier in the White House,
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื•ื, ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื•ืขื ืžื›ื—ื™ืฉ ืืงืœื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื‘ืŸ,
12:11
much that was put in motion in those days is still unfolding,
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืžื” ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืื•ืชื ื™ืžื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืชื—ื•ืœืœ,
12:15
and we have everything to play for in the coming months and years
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช
12:18
on dealing with the climate crisis.
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ื‘ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืืงืœื™ื.
12:21
So right now, we are coming through one of the most challenging periods
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ืื– ื›ืจื’ืข, ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืืช ืื—ืช ื”ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืžืืชื’ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
12:25
in the lives of most of us.
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ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ืจื•ื‘ื ื•.
12:27
The global pandemic has been frightening,
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ื”ืžื’ืคื” ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืžืคื—ื™ื“ื”,
12:30
whether personal tragedy has been involved or not.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ื™ื ืžืขืจื‘ืช ื‘ืชื•ื›ื” ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืื• ืœื.
12:33
But it has also shaken our belief that we are powerless
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืขืจืขืจื” ืืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ืกืจื™-ื™ื›ื•ืœืช
12:37
in the face of great change.
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ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืขืฆื•ื.
12:39
In the space of a few weeks,
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ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช,
12:41
we mobilized to the point where half of humanity took drastic action
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ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ืš ืฉืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ื ืงื˜ื” ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ื“ืจืกื˜ื™ืช
12:46
to protect the most vulnerable.
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ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืืœื” ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
12:48
If we're capable of that,
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ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื›ืš,
12:50
maybe we have not yet tested the limits of what humanity can do
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ืื•ืœื™ ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช
12:54
when it rises to meet a shared challenge.
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ืืชื’ืจ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ.
12:57
We now need to move beyond this narrative of powerlessness,
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ื›ืขืช ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื ื•ืข ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื ืจื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ-ื™ื›ื•ืœืช,
13:02
because make no mistake --
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ื›ื™ ืืœ ืชื˜ืขื• --
13:03
the climate crisis will be orders of magnitude worse than the pandemic
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ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืืงืœื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ืจื•ืข ืžื”ืžื’ืคื”
13:08
if we do not take the action that we can still take
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ืื ืœื ื ืคืขืœ ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื
13:11
to avert the tragedy that we see coming towards us.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื”ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืื” ืœืงืจืืชื ื•.
13:15
We can no longer afford the luxury of feeling powerless.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื ื• ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื—ืกืจื™ ืื•ื ื™ื.
13:19
The truth is that future generations
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ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื
13:21
will look back at this precise moment with awe
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ื™ืกืชื›ืœื• ืื—ื•ืจื” ื‘ืคืœื™ืื” ืขืœ ื”ืจื’ืข ื”ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ
13:24
as we stand at the crossroads between a regenerative future
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืžืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืชื™ื“ ืžืชื—ื“ืฉ
13:27
and one where we have thrown it all away.
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ื•ืขืชื™ื“ ื‘ื• ื–ืจืงื ื• ื”ื›ืœ ืœืคื—.
13:29
And the truth is that a lot is going pretty well for us in this transition.
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ื•ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
13:34
Costs for clean energy are coming down.
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ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื ืงื™ื™ื” ื™ื•ืจื“ื•ืช,
13:35
Cities are transforming. Land is being regenerated.
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ืขืจื™ื ืžืฉืชื ื•ืช, ื”ืื“ืžื” ืžืชื—ื“ืฉืช.
13:38
People are on the streets calling for change
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™
13:40
with a verve and tenacity
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ื‘ืงืคื“ื ื•ืช ื•ืขืงืฉื ื•ืช
13:42
we have not seen for a generation.
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ืฉืœื ืจืื™ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื–ื” ื“ื•ืจ.
13:45
Genuine success is possible in this transition,
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ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืžืกื—ืจืจืช ื”ื™ื ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”,
13:48
and genuine failure is possible, too,
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ื•ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ืืžื™ืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ ื’ื ื”ื•ื.
13:50
which makes this the most exciting time to be alive.
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืืช ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื–ื• ืœืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืžืœื”ื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”.
13:53
We can take a decision right now that we will approach this challenge
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื›ืืŸ ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืฉื ื™ื’ืฉ ืœืืชื’ืจ ื”ื–ื”
13:57
with a stubborn form of gritty, realistic and determined optimism
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ื‘ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื ื—ืจืฆืช, ืจื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื•ืขืงืฉื ื™ืช
14:02
and do everything within our power to ensure that we shape the path
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ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ื›ื•ื—ื ื• ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื ืขืฆื‘ ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš
14:05
as we come out of this pandemic towards a regenerative future.
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžื”ืžื’ืคื” ื”ื–ื• ืœืขื‘ืจ ืขืชื™ื“ ืžืชื—ื“ืฉ.
14:09
We can all decide that we will be hopeful beacons for humanity
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ืื ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœืื ื•ืฉื•ืช
14:13
even if there are dark days ahead,
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื™ืฉื ื ื™ืžื™ื ืืคืœื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš,
14:15
and we can decide that we will be responsible,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจืื™ื™ื,
14:18
we will reduce our own emissions by at least 50 percent
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ืคืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื’ื– ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืœืคื—ื•ืช 50 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื
14:20
in the next 10 years,
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ื‘ืขืฉืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช.
14:22
and we will take action to engage with governments and corporations
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืคืขืœ ืœืขืจื‘ ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ื•ืื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื
14:26
to ensure they do what is necessary coming out of the pandemic
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืืช ืžื”ืžื’ืคื”
14:29
to rebuild the world that we want them to.
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ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื™ื‘ื ื•.
14:32
Right now, all of these things are possible.
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ื›ืจื’ืข, ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืืคืฉืจื™ื™ื.
14:36
So let's go back to that boring meeting room
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ืื– ื”ื‘ื ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืื•ืชื• ื—ื“ืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉืขืžื
14:40
where I'm looking at that note from Christiana.
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ื‘ื• ืื ื™ ืงื•ืจื ืืช ื”ืคืชืง ืžื›ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืื ื”.
14:43
And looking at it took me back
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ื•ื”ืคืชืง ื”ื–ื” ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื™ ืื—ื•ืจื”
14:45
to some of the most transformative experiences of my life.
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ืœื›ืžื” ืžื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื™.
14:49
One of the many things I learned as a monk
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ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™ ื›ื ื–ื™ืจ
14:52
is that a bright mind and a joyful heart is both the path and the goal in life.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื•ื— ื—ื›ื ื•ืœื‘ ืžืœื ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื•ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
14:59
This stubborn optimism is a form of applied love.
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ื”ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืงืฉืช ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ื”.
15:04
It is both the world we want to create
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ
15:07
and the way in which we can create that world.
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ื•ื”ืŸ ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื•ืชื•.
15:09
And it is a choice for all of us.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื•ืœื ื•.
15:12
Choosing to face this moment with stubborn optimism
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ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืจื’ืข ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืขื™ืงืฉืช
15:15
can fill our lives with meaning and purpose,
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืžืœื ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื•ืชื›ืœื™ืช,
15:18
and in doing so, we can put a hand on the arc of history
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ื•ื‘ื›ืš, ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืชืจื•ื ืœืžื”ืœื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”
15:22
and bend it towards the future that we choose.
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ื•ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืื•ืชื” ืœืขื‘ืจ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื.
15:26
Yes, living now feels out of control.
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ื›ืŸ, ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืฉืœื™ื˜ืชื ื• ื›ืจื’ืข.
15:30
It feels frightening and scary and new.
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ื–ื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžืคื—ื™ื“ ื•ืžืื™ื™ื ื•ื—ื“ืฉ.
15:33
But let's not falter at this most crucial of transitions
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ืื‘ืœ ืืœ ืœื ื• ืœื”ืกืก ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ื”ืžื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื–ื”
15:37
that is coming at us right now.
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ืฉื‘ื ืœืขื‘ืจื ื• ื›ืจื’ืข.
15:39
Let's face it with stubborn and determined optimism.
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ื”ื‘ื ื ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืืชื• ื‘ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืขื™ืงืฉืช ื•ื ื—ืจืฆืช.
15:43
Yes, seeing the changes in the world right now
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ื›ืŸ, ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ืขืช
15:46
can be painful.
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ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื›ืื•ื‘.
15:48
But let's approach it with love.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ื ื ื™ื’ืฉ ืืœื™ื” ื‘ืื”ื‘ื”.
15:50
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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