The healing power of reading | Michelle Kuo

247,449 views ใƒป 2019-07-09

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Yael Ring ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Allon Sasson
00:12
I want to talk today about how reading can change our lives
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืงืจื™ืื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื•
00:18
and about the limits of that change.
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ื•ืื™ืš ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื” ืžืฉืชื ื™ื.
00:21
I want to talk to you about how reading can give us a shareable world
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืืชื›ื ืื™ืš ืงืจื™ืื” ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื ื• ืขื•ืœื ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืชืฃ
00:26
of powerful human connection.
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ืฉืœ ืงืฉืจ ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™.
00:29
But also about how that connection is always partial.
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื—ืœืงื™.
00:33
How reading is ultimately a lonely, idiosyncratic undertaking.
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ืื™ืš ืงืจื™ืื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื‘ื•ื“ื“ืช, ืื™ื“ื™ื•ืกื™ื ืงืจื˜ื™ืช.
00:39
The writer who changed my life
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ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ืฉืฉื™ื ื” ืืช ื—ื™ื™
00:42
was the great African American novelist James Baldwin.
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ื”ื™ื” ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื”ืืคืจื•-ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื”ื“ื’ื•ืœ ื’'ื™ื™ืžืก ื‘ื•ืœื“ื•ื•ื™ืŸ.
00:46
When I was growing up in Western Michigan in the 1980s,
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืขื™ืจื” ื‘ืžืขืจื‘ ืžื™ืฉื™ื’ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-80,
00:50
there weren't many Asian American writers interested in social change.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ืžืžื•ืฆื ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืืกื™ืืชื™ ืฉื”ืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™.
00:55
And so I think I turned to James Baldwin
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ื›ืš ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืคื ื™ืชื™ ืœื’'ื™ื™ืžืก ื‘ื•ืœื“ื•ื•ื™ืŸ
00:58
as a way to fill this void, as a way to feel racially conscious.
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ื›ื“ืจืš ืœืžืœื ืืช ื”ื—ืœืœ ื”ื–ื”, ื›ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื’ื–ืขื™ืช.
01:03
But perhaps because I knew I wasn't myself African American,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืขืฆืžื™ ืื™ื ื ื™ ืืคืจื•-ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช,
01:07
I also felt challenged and indicted by his words.
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ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื’ื ืฉืžื™ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืžืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื™ ืืชื’ืจ ื•ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ืœืฆื“ืง.
01:12
Especially these words:
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ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื•:
01:15
"There are liberals who have all the proper attitudes,
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"ื™ืฉื ื ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช,
01:19
but no real convictions.
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ืืš ืœืœื ืฉื•ื ืืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ.
01:22
When the chips are down and you somehow expect them to deliver,
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ื›ืฉื”ืงืœืคื™ื ื ื—ืฉืคื™ื ื•ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ืืชื” ืžืฆืคื” ืžื”ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžื™ืœืชื,
01:26
they are somehow not there."
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ื”ื ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ืœื ืฉื".
01:28
They are somehow not there.
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ื”ื ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ืœื ืฉื.
01:31
I took those words very literally.
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ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžืžืฉ ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™ืช.
01:33
Where should I put myself?
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ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื™ ืœื”ืชืžืงื?
01:36
I went to the Mississippi Delta,
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ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœื“ืœืชื ื‘ืžื™ืกื™ืกื™ืคื™,
01:38
one of the poorest regions in the United States.
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ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘.
01:41
This is a place shaped by a powerful history.
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ื–ื”ื• ืžืงื•ื ืฉืขื•ืฆื‘ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™ืช.
01:44
In the 1960s, African Americans risked their lives to fight for education,
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ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-60, ืืคืจื•-ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ืกื™ื›ื ื• ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื‘ืžืื‘ืง ืœืžืขืŸ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš,
01:49
to fight for the right to vote.
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ื‘ืžืื‘ืง ืœืžืขืŸ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”.
01:52
I wanted to be a part of that change,
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ืื ื™ ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื”,
01:55
to help young teenagers graduate and go to college.
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ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืœืกื™ื™ื ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืœื›ืช ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ืงื•ืœื’'.
02:00
When I got to the Mississippi Delta,
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ื›ืฉื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœื“ืœืชื ื‘ืžื™ืกื™ืกื™ืคื™,
02:03
it was a place that was still poor,
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ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื‘ืœ ืžืขื•ื ื™,
02:05
still segregated,
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืคืจื“,
02:07
still dramatically in need of change.
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ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื–ืงื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™.
02:10
My school, where I was placed,
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ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉืœื™, ื‘ื• ื”ื•ืฆื‘ืชื™,
02:14
had no library, no guidance counselor,
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ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืกืคืจื™ื”, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืฉืžื”,
02:18
but it did have a police officer.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืงืฆื™ืŸ ืžืฉื˜ืจื”.
02:21
Half the teachers were substitutes
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ื—ืฆื™ ืžื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื—ืœื™ืคื™ื
02:24
and when students got into fights,
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืจื™ื‘ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื,
02:26
the school would send them to the local county jail.
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ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ืœื— ืื•ืชื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ืœื ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™.
02:32
This is the school where I met Patrick.
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ื–ื”ื• ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื‘ื• ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืืช ืคื˜ืจื™ืง.
02:35
He was 15 and held back twice, he was in the eighth grade.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ 15, ื ืฉืืจ ื›ื™ืชื” ืคืขืžื™ื™ื, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ื™ืชื” ื—'.
02:40
He was quiet, introspective,
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืฉืงื˜, ืžื•ืคื ื,
02:42
like he was always in deep thought.
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ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืฉืงื•ืข ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช.
02:45
And he hated seeing other people fight.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื,
02:49
I saw him once jump between two girls when they got into a fight
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ืจืื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ืคืขื ื ื›ื ืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืจื™ื‘ ื–ื• ืขื ื–ื•
02:53
and he got himself knocked to the ground.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ื˜ืฃ ื•ื ืคืœ ืขืœ ื”ืงืจืงืข.
02:57
Patrick had just one problem.
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ืœืคื˜ืจื™ืง ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
02:59
He wouldn't come to school.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ.
03:03
He said that sometimes school was just too depressing
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื™ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžื“ื›ื ืžื“ื™
03:05
because people were always fighting and teachers were quitting.
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ื›ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ื• ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื” ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชืคื˜ืจื•.
03:10
And also, his mother worked two jobs and was just too tired to make him come.
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ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืืžื• ืขื‘ื“ื” ื‘ืฉืชื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ืชื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืขื™ื™ืคื” ืžื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื— ืื•ืชื• ืœืœื›ืช.
03:16
So I made it my job to get him to come to school.
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ืื– ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื™ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ.
03:19
And because I was crazy and 22 and zealously optimistic,
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ื•ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืฉื•ื’ืขืช ื•ื‘ืช 22 ื•ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืช ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช,
03:23
my strategy was just to show up at his house
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ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ืจืง ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื•
03:25
and say, "Hey, why don't you come to school?"
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ื•ืœื•ืžืจ, "ื”ื™ื™, ืœืžื” ืฉืœื ืชื‘ื•ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ?"
03:28
And this strategy actually worked,
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ื•ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื–ืืช ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื”,
03:30
he started to come to school every day.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื.
03:32
And he started to flourish in my class.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืคืจื•ื— ื‘ื›ื™ืชื” ืฉืœื™.
03:35
He was writing poetry, he was reading books.
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ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื™ืจื”, ื”ื•ื ืงืจื ืกืคืจื™ื.
03:38
He was coming to school every day.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื.
03:43
Around the same time
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ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ
03:44
that I had figured out how to connect to Patrick,
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ืฉื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™ ืœืคืขื ื— ืื™ืš ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœืคื˜ืจื™ืง,
03:47
I got into law school at Harvard.
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ื”ืชืงื‘ืœืชื™ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื•ื•ืืจื“.
03:51
I once again faced this question, where should I put myself,
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ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืžื“ืชื™ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ืื™ืคื” ืขืœื™ื™ ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื™?
03:54
where do I put my body?
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ืื™ืคื” ืขืœื™ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช?
03:57
And I thought to myself
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ื•ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžื™
04:00
that the Mississippi Delta was a place where people with money,
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ืฉื”ื“ืœืชื ื‘ืžื™ืกื™ืกื™ืคื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืžื•ืŸ,
04:03
people with opportunity,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช,
04:05
those people leave.
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ืื•ืชื ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ื–ื‘ื™ื.
04:07
And the people who stay behind
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ื•ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ืฉืืจื™ื ืžืื—ื•ืจ
04:09
are the people who don't have the chance to leave.
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ื”ื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืขื–ื•ื‘.
04:12
I didn't want to be a person who left.
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ืœื ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืŸ ืื“ื ืฉืขื•ื–ื‘.
04:15
I wanted to be a person who stayed.
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื ืฉื ืฉืืจ.
04:18
On the other hand, I was lonely and tired.
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ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื” ื•ืขื™ื™ืคื”.
04:21
And so I convinced myself that I could do more change
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ื•ื›ืš ืฉื›ื ืขืชื™ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ืฉืื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™
04:26
on a larger scale if I had a prestigious law degree.
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ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืจื—ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืชื•ืืจ ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื.
04:31
So I left.
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ืื– ืขื–ื‘ืชื™.
04:34
Three years later,
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ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ,
04:36
when I was about to graduate from law school,
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ื›ืฉืขืžื“ืชื™ ืœืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื,
04:38
my friend called me
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ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื™ ื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืืœื™
04:40
and told me that Patrick had got into a fight and killed someone.
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ื•ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื™ ืฉืคื˜ืจื™ืง ื ื›ื ืก ืœืชื’ืจื” ื•ื”ืจื’ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•.
04:47
I was devastated.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืจื”.
04:49
Part of me didn't believe it,
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ื—ืœืง ืžืžื ื™ ืœื ื”ืืžื™ืŸ ืœื–ื”,
04:51
but part of me also knew that it was true.
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ืื‘ืœ ื—ืœืง ืžืžื ื™ ื’ื ื™ื“ืข ืฉื–ืืช ื”ืืžืช.
04:55
I flew down to see Patrick.
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ื˜ืกืชื™ ื“ืจื•ืžื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืคื˜ืจื™ืง.
04:58
I visited him in jail.
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ื‘ื™ืงืจืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื›ืœื.
05:02
And he told me that it was true.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื™ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
05:06
That he had killed someone.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืจื’ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•.
05:08
And he didn't want to talk more about it.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
05:11
I asked him what had happened with school
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ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ืžื” ืงืจื” ืขื ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ
05:13
and he said that he had dropped out the year after I left.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืฉืจ ืฉื ื” ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืœื›ืชื™.
05:18
And then he wanted to tell me something else.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืœืกืคืจ ืœื™ ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ.
05:20
He looked down and he said that he had had a baby daughter
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืคื™ืœ ืžื‘ื˜ ื•ืืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื‘ืช
05:24
who was just born.
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ืชื™ื ื•ืงืช ื˜ืจื™ื”.
05:25
And he felt like he had let her down.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื›ื–ื‘ ืื•ืชื”.
05:30
That was it, our conversation was rushed and awkward.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื›ืœ, ื”ืฉื™ื—ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืงืฆืจื” ื•ืงื˜ื•ืขื”.
05:35
When I stepped outside the jail, a voice inside me said,
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ื›ืฉื™ืฆืืชื™ ืžื”ื›ืœื, ืงื•ืœ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื™ ืืžืจ,
05:40
"Come back.
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"ืชื—ื–ืจื™.
05:41
If you don't come back now, you'll never come back."
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ืื ืœื ืชื—ื–ืจื™ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืืช ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืชื—ื–ืจื™".
05:48
So I graduated from law school and I went back.
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ืื– ืกื™ื™ืžืชื™ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื•ื—ื–ืจืชื™.
05:52
I went back to see Patrick,
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ื—ื–ืจืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืคื˜ืจื™ืง,
05:54
I went back to see if I could help him with his legal case.
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ื—ื–ืจืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื• ื‘ืคืŸ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™.
05:58
And this time, when I saw him a second time,
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ื•ื”ืคืขื, ื›ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชื•, ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืฉื ื™ื”,
06:02
I thought I had this great idea, I said,
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืื“ื™ืจ, ืืžืจืชื™,
06:04
"Hey, Patrick, why don't you write a letter to your daughter,
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"ื”ื™, ืคื˜ืจื™ืง, ืœืžื” ืฉืœื ืชื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื›ืชื‘ ืœื‘ืช ืฉืœืš,
06:08
so that you can keep her on your mind?"
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ื›ืš ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”?"
06:12
And I handed him a pen and a piece of paper,
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ื•ื ืชืชื™ ืœื• ืขื˜ ื•ื—ืชื™ื›ืช ื ื™ื™ืจ,
06:15
and he started to write.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘.
06:18
But when I saw the paper that he handed back to me,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื ื™ื™ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœื™
06:21
I was shocked.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื”ืœื.
06:25
I didn't recognize his handwriting,
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ืœื ื–ื™ื”ื™ืชื™ ืืช ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื™ื“ ืฉืœื•,
06:27
he had made simple spelling mistakes.
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ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืชื™ื‘ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช.
06:31
And I thought to myself that as a teacher,
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ื•ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžื™ ืฉื›ืžื•ืจื”,
06:33
I knew that a student could dramatically improve
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ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉืชืœืžื™ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืคืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ืจืžื˜ื™
06:37
in a very quick amount of time,
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ื‘ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื”ื™ืจ,
06:40
but I never thought that a student could dramatically regress.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืชืœืžื™ื“ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชื“ืจื“ืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื“ืจืžื˜ื™.
06:46
What even pained me more,
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ืžื” ืฉื›ืื‘ ืœื™ ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
06:48
was seeing what he had written to his daughter.
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ื”ื™ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ืœื‘ืช ืฉืœื•.
06:51
He had written,
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ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘,
06:52
"I'm sorry for my mistakes, I'm sorry for not being there for you."
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"ืื ื™ ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ ืขืœ ื”ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื™, ืื ื™ ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœืš".
06:58
And this was all he felt he had to say to her.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื”.
07:02
And I asked myself how can I convince him that he has more to say,
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ื•ืฉืืœืชื™ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ืื™ืš ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉื›ื ืข ืื•ืชื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืขื•ื“ ืžื” ืœื•ืžืจ,
07:06
parts of himself that he doesn't need to apologize for.
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ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืžื ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื ืฆืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจื.
07:10
I wanted him to feel
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืจื’ื™ืฉ
07:12
that he had something worthwhile to share with his daughter.
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื•ื•ื” ืขืจืš ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืขื ื”ื‘ืช ืฉืœื•.
07:17
For every day the next seven months,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืขืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ,
07:21
I visited him and brought books.
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ื‘ื™ืงืจืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ื•ื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืœื• ืกืคืจื™ื.
07:23
My tote bag became a little library.
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ืชื™ืง ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื”ืคืš ืœืกืคืจื™ื” ืงื˜ื ื”.
07:27
I brought James Baldwin,
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ื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืœื• ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื’'ื™ื™ืžืก ื‘ื•ืœื“ื•ื•ื™ืŸ,
07:29
I brought Walt Whitman, C.S. Lewis.
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ื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืกืคืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื•ื•ืœื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืžืŸ, ืก.ืก. ืœื•ืื™ืก,
07:34
I brought guidebooks to trees, to birds,
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ื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืกืคืจื™ ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืœืขืฆื™ื, ืœืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื,
07:39
and what would become his favorite book, the dictionary.
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ื•ืžื” ืฉื™ื”ืคื•ืš ืœืกืคืจ ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื•, ืžื™ืœื•ืŸ.
07:43
On some days,
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ื”ื™ื• ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื”ื
07:45
we would sit for hours in silence, both of us reading.
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ื™ืฉื‘ื ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ืฉืงื˜, ืฉื ื™ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื.
07:50
And on other days,
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ื•ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื,
07:51
we would read together, we would read poetry.
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ืงืจืื ื• ื™ื—ื“, ืงืจืื ื• ืฉื™ืจื”.
07:55
We started by reading haikus, hundreds of haikus,
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ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ื‘ืงืจื™ืื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื™ ื”ื™ื™ืงื•, ืžืื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื™ ื”ื™ื™ืงื•,
07:59
a deceptively simple masterpiece.
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ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืคืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื˜ืขื”.
08:02
And I would ask him, "Share with me your favorite haikus."
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื‘ืงืฉืช ืžืžื ื•, "ืกืคืจ ืœื™ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื™ื™ืงื• ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ืš".
08:05
And some of them are quite funny.
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ื•ื—ืœืงื ื”ื ื“ื™ ืžืฆื—ื™ืงื™ื.
08:08
So there's this by Issa:
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ืื– ื”ื ื” ืื—ื“ ืฉืœ ืื™ืกื”:
08:10
"Don't worry, spiders, I keep house casually."
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"ืืœ ืชื“ืื’ื•, ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื, ืžืฉืง ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืจื’ื™ืœ".
08:14
And this: "Napped half the day, no one punished me!"
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ื•ื–ื”: "ื ืžื ืžืชื™ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ืฆื™ ื™ื•ื, ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื”ืขื ื™ืฉ ืื•ืชื™!"
08:20
And this gorgeous one, which is about the first day of snow falling,
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืžืงืกื™ื, ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉืœื’,
08:25
"Deer licking first frost from each other's coats."
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"ืฆื‘ืื™ื ืžืœืงืงื™ื ื›ืคื•ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืคืจื•ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื–ื”".
08:31
There's something mysterious and gorgeous
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ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ ื•ืžืงืกื™ื
08:34
just about the way a poem looks.
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ืื™ืš ืฉื”ืฉื™ืจ ื ืจืื”.
08:36
The empty space is as important as the words themselves.
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ื”ืžืจื•ื•ื— ื”ืจื™ืง ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืขืฆืžื.
08:43
We read this poem by W.S. Merwin,
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ืงืจืืชื™ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืข"ื™ ื•.ืก. ืžืจื•ื•ื™ืŸ,
08:45
which he wrote after he saw his wife working in the garden
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ืื•ืชื• ื”ื•ื ื›ืชื‘ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืืช ืืฉืชื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื‘ื’ื™ื ื”
08:50
and realized that they would spend the rest of their lives together.
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ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื‘ืœื•ืช ืืช ืฉืืจื™ืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื™ื—ื“.
08:55
"Let me imagine that we will come again
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"ื”ืจืฉื™ ืœื™ ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืฉื•ื‘
08:57
when we want to and it will be spring
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ื›ืฉื ืจืฆื” ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืื‘ื™ื‘
09:00
We will be no older than we ever were
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ืœื ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื–ืงื ื™ื ืžืื™ ืคืขื
09:04
The worn griefs will have eased like the early cloud
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ืื‘ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืœืขืช ื™ื›ืœื” ื›ืžื• ื”ืขื ืŸ ื”ืงืœ
09:08
through which morning slowly comes to itself"
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ื“ืจื›ื• ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื–ื•ืจื— ืœืื™ื˜ื•".
09:11
I asked Patrick what his favorite line was, and he said,
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ืฉืืœืชื™ ืืช ืคื˜ืจื™ืง ืžื” ื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ,
09:15
"We will be no older than we ever were."
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"ืœื ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื–ืงื ื™ื ืžืื™ ืคืขื".
09:20
He said it reminded him of a place where time just stops,
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื• ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืขื•ืฆืจ ืžืœื›ืช,
09:24
where time doesn't matter anymore.
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ื‘ื• ืœื–ืžืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช.
09:27
And I asked him if he had a place like that,
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ื•ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืงื•ื ื›ื–ื”,
09:29
where time lasts forever.
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ื‘ื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื ืฉืืจ ืœื ืฆื—.
09:32
And he said, "My mother."
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, "ืืžื ืฉืœื™".
09:35
When you read a poem alongside someone else,
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ื›ืฉืืชื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืฉื™ืจ ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ,
09:40
the poem changes in meaning.
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ื”ืฉื™ืจ ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื•.
09:43
Because it becomes personal to that person, becomes personal to you.
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืคืš ืœืื™ืฉื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ื•ืื™ืฉื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื.
09:49
We then read books, we read so many books,
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ืงืจืื ื• ืื– ืกืคืจื™ื, ืงืจืื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืกืคืจื™ื,
09:52
we read the memoir of Frederick Douglass,
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ืงืจืื ื• ืืช ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืคืจื“ืจื™ืง ื“ื’ืœืืก,
09:55
an American slave who taught himself to read and write
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ืขื‘ื“ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืฉืœื™ืžื“ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืงืจื•ื ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘
09:59
and who escaped to freedom because of his literacy.
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ื•ื‘ืจื— ืœื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื–ื•.
10:03
I had grown up thinking of Frederick Douglass as a hero
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ืื ื™ ื’ื“ืœืชื™ ืขื ืคืจื“ืจื™ืง ื“ื’ืœืืก ื›ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ
10:06
and I thought of this story as one of uplift and hope.
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ื•ืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื•ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช.
10:10
But this book put Patrick in a kind of panic.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื” ื’ืจื ืœืคื˜ืจื™ืง ืœืคืื ื™ืงื”.
10:14
He fixated on a story Douglass told of how, over Christmas,
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ื”ื•ื ื ืชืคืก ืœืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ื• ื“ื’ืœืืก ืžืกืคืจ ืื™ืš, ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื—ื’ ื”ืžื•ืœื“,
10:19
masters give slaves gin
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ื”ืื“ื•ื ื™ื ื ืชื ื• ืœืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื’'ื™ืŸ
10:23
as a way to prove to them that they can't handle freedom.
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ื›ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื”ื ืฉื”ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื—ื™ืจื•ืช.
10:26
Because slaves would be stumbling on the fields.
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ืฉืœื• ื•ื ืคืœื• ื‘ืฉื“ื•ืช.
10:31
Patrick said he related to this.
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ืคื˜ืจื™ืง ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœื–ื”.
10:34
He said that there are people in jail who, like slaves,
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉื ื ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœื ืฉื›ืžื• ื”ืขื‘ื“ื™ื,
10:37
don't want to think about their condition,
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ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื
10:40
because it's too painful.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื›ื•ืื‘ืช ืžื“ื™.
10:41
Too painful to think about the past,
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ื›ื•ืื‘ ืžื“ื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจ,
10:44
too painful to think about how far we have to go.
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ื›ื•ืื‘ ืžื“ื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื•.
10:48
His favorite line was this line:
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ื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื™ืชื”:
10:51
"Anything, no matter what, to get rid of thinking!
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"ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ืžื”, ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ืœื”ื™ืคื˜ืจ ืžื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื”!
10:55
It was this everlasting thinking of my condition that tormented me."
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ื”ื™ืชื” ื–ื• ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืคื•ืกืงืช ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ื™ ืฉื™ื™ืกืจื” ืื•ืชื™".
11:01
Patrick said that Douglass was brave to write, to keep thinking.
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ืคื˜ืจื™ืง ืืžืจ ืฉื“ื’ืœืืก ื”ื™ื” ืืžื™ืฅ ื‘ื›ืชื™ื‘ืชื•, ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื•.
11:07
But Patrick would never know how much he seemed like Douglass to me.
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ืื‘ืœ ืคื˜ืจื™ืง ืœื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื™ ืืช ื“ื’ืœืืก.
11:12
How he kept reading, even though it put him in a panic.
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ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืงืจื•ื ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื–ื” ื’ืจื ืœื• ืœืคื ื™ืงื”.
11:17
He finished the book before I did,
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ื”ื•ื ืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืคื ื™ื™,
11:20
reading it in a concrete stairway with no light.
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ื”ื•ื ืงืจื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื’ืจื ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืžื‘ื˜ื•ืŸ ืœืœื ืชืื•ืจื”.
11:25
And then we went on to read one of my favorite books,
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ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืงืจื ืืช ืื—ื“ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ื™,
11:28
Marilynne Robinson's "Gilead,"
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"ื’ืœืขื“" ืฉืœ ืžืจื™ืœื™ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืกื•ืŸ,
11:30
which is an extended letter from a father to his son.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื›ืชื‘ ืืจื•ืš ืžืื‘ ืœื‘ื ื•.
11:34
He loved this line:
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ื”ื•ื ืื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ื–ื•:
11:37
"I'm writing this in part to tell you
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"ืื ื™ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื—ืœืงื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœืš
11:39
that if you ever wonder what you've done in your life ...
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ืฉืื ืื™ ืคืขื ืชืชื”ื” ืžื” ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ืš...
11:42
you have been God's grace to me,
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ืืชื” ื”ื™ื™ืช ืžืชื ืช ื”ืืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจื™,
11:44
a miracle, something more than a miracle."
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ื ืก, ืžืฉื”ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื ืก".
11:49
Something about this language, its love, its longing, its voice,
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ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ื–ืืช, ื‘ืื”ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื”, ื”ื›ืžื™ื”ื”, ื”ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœื”,
11:55
rekindled Patrick's desire to write.
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ืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ืคื˜ืจื™ืง ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘.
11:58
And he would fill notebooks upon notebooks
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืžืœื ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช
12:01
with letters to his daughter.
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ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ืช ืฉืœื•.
12:04
In these beautiful, intricate letters,
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ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ืคื™ื, ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
12:07
he would imagine him and his daughter going canoeing down the Mississippi river.
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ื”ื•ื ื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ื•ื‘ืชื• ืฉื˜ื™ื ื‘ืงื ื• ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ืžื™ืกื™ืกื™ืคื™.
12:13
He would imagine them finding a mountain stream
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ื”ื•ื ื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื ื—ืœ ื”ืจืจื™
12:16
with perfectly clear water.
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ืขื ืžื™ื ืฆืœื•ืœื™ื.
12:20
As I watched Patrick write,
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ื›ืฉืฆืคื™ืชื™ ื‘ืคื˜ืจื™ืง ื›ื•ืชื‘,
12:23
I thought to myself,
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžื™,
12:25
and I now ask all of you,
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืืœืช ื’ื ืืช ื›ื•ืœื›ื,
12:27
how many of you have written a letter to somebody you feel you have let down?
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ื›ืžื” ืžื›ื ื›ืชื‘ืชื ืžื›ืชื‘ ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ืจื’ืฉืชื ืฉืื›ื–ื‘ืชื?
12:34
It is just much easier to put those people out of your mind.
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืœ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœืžื—ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
12:40
But Patrick showed up every day, facing his daughter,
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ืื‘ืœ ืคื˜ืจื™ืง ื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ื•ืงืจ, ืขืžื“ ืžื•ืœ ื”ื‘ืช ืฉืœื•,
12:44
holding himself accountable to her,
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ื•ื”ื™ื›ื” ืขืœ ื—ื˜ืื™ื• ื‘ืคื ื™ื”,
12:47
word by word with intense concentration.
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ืžื™ืœื” ื‘ืžื™ืœื” ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืžืœื.
12:54
I wanted in my own life
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™, ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ืฉืœื™
12:58
to put myself at risk in that way.
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ืœืขืžืช ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ื–ื”.
13:01
Because that risk reveals the strength of one's heart.
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ื›ื™ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ืืช ืขื•ืฆืžืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื.
13:08
Let me take a step back and just ask an uncomfortable question.
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ื”ืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœืงื—ืช ืฆืขื“ ืื—ื•ืจื” ื•ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืฉืืœื” ืœื ืงืœื”.
13:12
Who am I to tell this story, as in this Patrick story?
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ืžื™ ืื ื™ ืฉืืกืคืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืคื˜ืจื™ืง?
13:18
Patrick's the one who lived with this pain
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ืคื˜ืจื™ืง ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉื—ื™ ืขื ื”ื›ืื‘ ื”ื–ื”
13:21
and I have never been hungry a day in my life.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื—ื•ื•ื™ืชื™ ืจืขื‘ ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ื—ื™ื™.
13:27
I thought about this question a lot,
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ืืช ืจื‘ื•ืช,
13:29
but what I want to say is that this story is not just about Patrick.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืง ืขืœ ืคื˜ืจื™ืง.
13:32
It's about us,
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ื”ื•ื ืขืœื™ื ื•,
13:34
it's about the inequality between us.
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ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื•.
13:37
The world of plenty
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ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉืคืข
13:40
that Patrick and his parents and his grandparents
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ืฉืคื˜ืจื™ืง ื•ื”ื•ืจื™ื• ื•ืกื‘ื™ื•
13:44
have been shut out of.
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ื”ื•ืจื—ืงื• ืžืžื ื•.
13:45
In this story, I represent that world of plenty.
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ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”, ืื ื™ ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ืืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉืคืข.
13:49
And in telling this story, I didn't want to hide myself.
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ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืœื ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™.
13:53
Hide the power that I do have.
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ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™.
13:57
In telling this story, I wanted to expose that power
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”, ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ื–ื”
14:00
and then to ask,
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ื•ืื– ืœืฉืื•ืœ,
14:03
how do we diminish the distance between us?
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ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื˜ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืจื—ืง ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื•?
14:08
Reading is one way to close that distance.
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ืงืจื™ืื” ื”ื™ื ื“ืจืš ืื—ืช ืœื’ืฉืจ ืขืœ ื”ืคืขืจ,
14:11
It gives us a quiet universe that we can share together,
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ื”ื™ื ืžืขื ื™ืงื” ืœื ื• ืขื•ืœื ืฉืงื˜ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื—ืœื•ืง ื™ื—ื“,
14:16
that we can share in equally.
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ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื—ืœื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื” ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื”.
14:20
You're probably wondering now what happened to Patrick.
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ืืชื ื‘ื˜ื— ืชื•ื”ื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžื” ืงืจื” ืœืคื˜ืจื™ืง.
14:23
Did reading save his life?
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ื”ืื ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื”ืฆื™ืœื” ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื•?
14:26
It did and it didn't.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ืœื” ื•ืœื ื”ืฆื™ืœื”.
14:29
When Patrick got out of prison,
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ื›ืฉืคื˜ืจื™ืง ื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ ืžื”ื›ืœื,
14:32
his journey was excruciating.
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ื”ืžืกืข ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืžืคืจืš.
14:36
Employers turned him away because of his record,
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ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืื•ืชื• ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจ ื”ืคืœื™ืœื™ ืฉืœื•,
14:39
his best friend, his mother, died at age 43
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœื•, ืืžื ืฉืœื•, ืžืชื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 43
14:42
from heart disease and diabetes.
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ืžืžื—ืœืช ืœื‘ ื•ืกื•ื›ืจืช.
14:45
He's been homeless, he's been hungry.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ืžืœืก, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืจืขื‘.
14:50
So people say a lot of things about reading that feel exaggerated to me.
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ืื– ืื ืฉื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืงืจื™ืื” ืฉืขื‘ื•ืจื™ ื”ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื’ื–ืžื™ื.
14:55
Being literate didn't stop him form being discriminated against.
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ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืงืจื•ื ื•ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœื ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืžืืคืœื™ื”.
14:59
It didn't stop his mother from dying.
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ื”ื™ื ืœื ืžื ืขื” ืžืืžื ืฉืœื• ืœืžื•ืช.
15:03
So what can reading do?
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ืื– ืžื” ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช?
15:07
I have a few answers to end with today.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื›ืžื” ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœืกื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื•ื.
15:12
Reading charged his inner life
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ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื” ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื
15:17
with mystery, with imagination,
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ื‘ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ืŸ, ื‘ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ,
15:20
with beauty.
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ื‘ื™ื•ืคื™.
15:22
Reading gave him images that gave him joy:
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ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื”ืขื ื™ืงื” ืœื• ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ืกื‘ื• ืœื• ืื•ืฉืจ;
15:27
mountain, ocean, deer, frost.
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ื”ืจ, ื™ื, ืฆื‘ื™, ื›ืคื•ืจ.
15:33
Words that taste of a free, natural world.
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ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉื ืชื ื• ืœื• ื˜ืขื ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื—ื•ืคืฉื™, ื˜ื‘ืขื™.
15:39
Reading gave him a language for what he had lost.
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ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื ืชื ื” ืœื• ืฉืคื” ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ื‘ื“.
15:43
How precious are these lines from the poet Derek Walcott?
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ื›ืžื” ื™ืคื•ืช ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ื“ืจืง ื•ื•ืœืงื•ื˜?
15:47
Patrick memorized this poem.
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ืคื˜ืจื™ืง ืฉื™ื ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
15:50
"Days that I have held,
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"ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื—ื–ืงืชื™,
15:52
days that I have lost,
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ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืื™ื‘ื“ืชื™,
15:54
days that outgrow, like daughters,
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ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื’ื“ืœื•, ื›ืžื• ื‘ื ื•ืช,
15:57
my harboring arms."
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ื•ืขื–ื‘ื• ืืช ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืชื™ ื”ืžื’ื ื•ืช".
16:00
Reading taught him his own courage.
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ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ืœื™ืžื“ื” ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืžืฅ ืฉืœื•.
16:03
Remember that he kept reading Frederick Douglass,
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ืชื–ื›ืจื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ืคืจื“ืจื™ืง ื“ื’ืœืืก,
16:07
even though it was painful.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื–ื” ื›ืื‘ ืœื•.
16:09
He kept being conscious, even though being conscious hurts.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื›ืื‘ื”.
16:14
Reading is a form of thinking,
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ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื”ื™ื ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื”,
16:16
that's why it's difficult to read because we have to think.
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ืœื›ืŸ ืงืฉื” ืœืงืจื•ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘.
16:20
And Patrick chose to think, rather than to not think.
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ื•ืคื˜ืจื™ืง ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘.
16:28
And last, reading gave him a language to speak to his daughter.
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื”ืขื ื™ืงื” ืœื• ืฉืคื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ื”ื‘ืช ืฉืœื•.
16:33
Reading inspired him to want to write.
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ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื ืชื ื” ืœื• ื”ืฉืจืื” ืœืจืฆื•ืช ืœื›ืชื•ื‘.
16:36
The link between reading and writing is so powerful.
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ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ืื” ืœื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ื–ืง.
16:40
When we begin to read,
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื,
16:42
we begin to find the words.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื.
16:45
And he found the words to imagine the two of them together.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื™ื—ื“.
16:50
He found the words
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ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื
16:53
to tell her how much he loved her.
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ืœืกืคืจ ืœื” ื›ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืื•ื”ื‘ ืื•ืชื”.
16:58
Reading also changed our relationship with each other.
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ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ื’ื ืฉื™ื ืชื” ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื•.
17:02
It gave us an occasion for intimacy,
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ื”ื•ื ื ืชื ื” ืœื ื• ืžืงื•ื ืœืื™ื ื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช,
17:04
to see beyond our points of view.
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ืœืจืื•ืช ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
17:07
And reading took an unequal relationship
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ื•ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ืœืงื—ื” ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ืช
17:09
and gave us a momentary equality.
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ื•ื ืชื ื” ืœื ื• ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืืจืขื™ืช.
17:14
When you meet somebody as a reader,
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ื›ืฉืืชื” ืคื•ื’ืฉ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื›ืงื•ืจื,
17:17
you meet him for the first time,
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ืืชื” ืคื•ื’ืฉ ืื•ืชื• ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื”,
17:19
newly, freshly.
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ, ื˜ืจื™.
17:21
There is no way you can know what his favorite line will be.
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ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ืฉื•ื ื“ืจืš ืœื ื—ืฉ ืžื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื•.
17:26
What memories and private griefs he has.
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ืื™ืœื• ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉื™ ื”ื•ื ืžื—ื–ื™ืง.
17:30
And you face the ultimate privacy of his inner life.
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ื•ืืชื” ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืœื˜ื™ืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื• ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื.
17:35
And then you start to wonder, "Well, what is my inner life made of?
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ื•ืื– ืืชื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืชื”ื•ืช, "ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืžืžื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื?
17:39
What do I have that's worthwhile to share with another?"
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ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ืขืจืš ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืขื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ?"
17:45
I want to close
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืกื™ื™ื
17:48
on some of my favorite lines from Patrick's letters to his daughter.
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ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ ืžื”ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคื˜ืจื™ืง ืœื‘ืช ืฉืœื•.
17:53
"The river is shadowy in some places
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"ื”ื ื”ืจ ืžืœื ืฆืœืœื™ื ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช
17:56
but the light shines through the cracks of trees ...
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื•ืจ ืžื‘ื”ื™ืง ื“ืจืš ื—ืจื›ื™ ื”ืขืฆื™ื ...
17:59
On some branches hang plenty of mulberries.
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ืขืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืขื ืคื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืคืข ืฉืœ ืชื•ืชื™ื.
18:03
You stretch your arm straight out to grab some."
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ืืชื” ืžื•ืฉื™ื˜ ืืช ื™ื“ืš ื•ืงื•ื˜ืฃ ื›ืžื”".
18:08
And this lovely letter, where he writes,
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ื•ื”ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ื™ืคื” ื”ื–ื”, ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืชื‘,
18:10
"Close your eyes and listen to the sounds of the words.
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"ืขืฆืžื™ ืืช ืขื™ื ื™ื™ืš ื•ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื™ ืœืฆืœื™ืœื™ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื.
18:14
I know this poem by heart
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ืื ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืขืœ ืคื”
18:17
and I would like you to know it, too."
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชื›ื™ืจื™ ืื•ืชื• ื’ื ืืช".
18:21
Thank you so much everyone.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื•ืœื›ื.
18:23
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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