Sebastian Junger: Why veterans miss war

2,897,925 views ใƒป 2014-05-23

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Oren Szekatch ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
I'm going to ask and try to answer,
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ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืฉืื•ืœ, ื•ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืขื ื•ืช
00:14
in some ways, kind of an uncomfortable question.
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ืฉืืœื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช, ืงืฆืช ืœื ื ื•ื—ื”.
00:19
Both civilians, obviously, and soldiers
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ืื–ืจื—ื™ื, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื•ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื›ืื—ื“
00:22
suffer in war;
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ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”;
00:24
I don't think any civilian has ever missed
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืฃ ืื–ืจื— ืฉืื™ ืคืขื ื”ืชื’ืขื’ืข
00:26
the war that they were subjected to.
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ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื ืชื•ืŸ ืชื—ืชื™ื”.
00:30
I've been covering wars for almost 20 years,
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ืื ื™ ืกื•ืงืจ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืขืฉืจื™ื ืฉื ื”,
00:32
and one of the remarkable things for me
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ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชื™
00:35
is how many soldiers find themselves missing it.
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ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืžืชื’ืขื’ืขื™ื ืœืžืœื—ืžื”.
00:39
How is it someone can go through
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ืื™ืš ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ื•ื•ืช
00:41
the worst experience imaginable,
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ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื ื•ืจืื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชืืจ,
00:43
and come home, back to their home,
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ื•ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”, ืœื‘ื™ืชื,
00:45
and their family, their country, and miss the war?
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ืœืžืฉืคื—ืชื, ืœืžื“ื™ื ืชื, ื•ืœื”ืชื’ืขื’ืข ืœืžืœื—ืžื”?
00:49
How does that work? What does it mean?
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ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“? ืžื” ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ?
00:52
We have to answer that question,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืขื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ื•,
00:56
because if we don't, it'll be impossible
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ืœื ื ืขื ื” ืขืœื™ื”, ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™
00:59
to bring soldiers back
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ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื
01:00
to a place in society where they belong,
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ืœืžืงื•ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื• ื”ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื,
01:04
and I think it'll also be impossible to stop war,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ื’ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืžืœื—ืžื”,
01:06
if we don't understand how that mechanism works.
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ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืื™ืš ื”ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“.
01:09
The problem is that war
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ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืœืžืœื—ืžื”
01:13
does not have a simple, neat truth,
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ืื™ืŸ ืืžืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจื”,
01:17
one simple, neat truth.
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ืืžืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืื—ืช.
01:19
Any sane person hates war,
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ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืฉืคื•ื™ ืฉื•ื ื ืžืœื—ืžื”,
01:21
hates the idea of war,
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ืฉื•ื ื ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืœื—ืžื”,
01:23
wouldn't want to have anything to do with it,
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ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœื™ื” ื‘ืฉื•ื ืฆื•ืจื”,
01:26
doesn't want to be near it, doesn't want to know about it.
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ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื”, ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ืขืช ืขืœื™ื”.
01:29
That's a sane response to war.
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ื–ื• ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืคื•ื™ื” ืœืžืœื—ืžื”.
01:32
But if I asked all of you in this room,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื•ืืœ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื›ื ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื–ื”
01:34
who here has paid money
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ืžื™ ืฉื™ืœื ื›ืกืฃ
01:38
to go to a cinema
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœื›ืช ืœืงื•ืœื ื•ืข
01:40
and be entertained by a Hollywood war movie,
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ื•ืœื”ืชื‘ื“ืจ ืžืกืจื˜ ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื“ื™,
01:43
most of you would probably raise your hands.
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ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉืจื•ื‘ื›ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื.
01:47
That's what's so complicated about war.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžืกื•ื‘ืš ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”.
01:49
And trust me, if a room full of peace-loving people
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ื•ืชืืžื™ื ื• ืœื™, ืื ื—ื“ืจ ืžืœื ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™-ืฉืœื•ื
01:53
finds something compelling about war,
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ืžื•ืฆื ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืจืชืง,
01:56
so do 20-year-old soldiers
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ื›ืš ื’ื ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืขืฉืจื™ื
01:59
who have been trained in it, I promise you.
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ืฉืื•ืžื ื• ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”, ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืœื›ื.
02:02
That's the thing that has to be understood.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ.
02:05
I've covered war for about 20 years, as I said,
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ืกืงืจืชื™ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืขืฉืจื™ื ืฉื ื”, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจืชื™,
02:08
but my most intense experiences in combat
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื›ื™ ืื™ื ื˜ื ืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”
02:11
were with American soldiers in Afghanistan.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขื ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ.
02:15
I've been in Africa, the Middle East,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”, ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ,
02:16
Afghanistan in the '90s,
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ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืชืฉืขื™ื,
02:18
but it was with American soldiers in 2007, 2008,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืขื ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2007-2008
02:22
that I was confronted with
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ืฉื”ื•ืฆื‘ืชื™ ื‘ืคื ื™
02:25
very intense combat.
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ืงืจื‘ื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ื ืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืžืื•ื“.
02:26
I was in a small valley called the Korengal Valley
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืขืžืง ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืื•ื“, ืฉื ืงืจื ืขืžืง ืงื•ืจื ื’ืœ
02:28
in eastern Afghanistan.
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ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ.
02:31
It was six miles long.
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ื”ืขืžืง ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืื•ืจืš ืฉืœ ื›- 9.5 ืง"ืž.
02:33
There were 150 men of Battle Company in that valley,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื ืคืœื•ื’ื” ืฉืœ 150 ืื™ืฉ ื‘ืขืžืง ื”ื”ื•ื,
02:36
and for a while, while I was there,
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ื•ืœืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื,
02:40
almost 20 percent of all the combat
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ื›ืžืขื˜ ืขืฉืจื™ื ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื”ืงืจื‘ื•ืช
02:42
in all of Afghanistan was happening
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•
02:44
in those six miles.
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ื‘- 9.5 ื”ืง"ืž ื”ืœืœื•.
02:45
A hundred and fifty men were absorbing
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150 ืื™ืฉ ืกืคื’ื•
02:48
almost a fifth of the combat for all of NATO forces
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ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ืช ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืœื—ื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื ืื˜"ื•
02:51
in the country, for a couple months.
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ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื.
02:54
It was very intense.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื™ื ื˜ื ืกื™ื‘ื™ ืžืื•ื“.
02:56
I spent most of my time at a small outpost
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ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื–ืžื ื™ ื‘ืžื•ืฆื‘ ื—ื•ืฅ ืงื˜ืŸ
02:58
called Restrepo.
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ื”ื ืงืจื ืจืกื˜ืจืคื•.
02:59
It was named after the platoon medic
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ื”ืžื•ืฆื‘ ื ืงืจื ืขืœ ืฉื ื—ื•ื‘ืฉ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื”
03:01
that had been killed about two months into the deployment.
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ืืฉืจ ื ื”ืจื’ ืฉื ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ืฉืœื—.
03:04
It was a few plywood B-huts
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ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื›ืžื” ื‘ื™ืงืชื•ืช ืžืขืฅ
03:08
clinging to a side of a ridge,
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ืืฉืจ ื ืฆืžื“ื• ืœืฆืœืข ื”ืจื›ืก,
03:12
and sandbags, bunkers, gun positions,
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ื•ืฉืงื™ ื—ื•ืœ, ื‘ื•ื ืงืจื™ื, ืขืžื“ื•ืช ื™ืจื™ื™ื”,
03:16
and there were 20 men up there
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ื•ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ืขืฉืจื™ื ื’ื‘ืจื™ื
03:18
of Second Platoon, Battle Company.
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ืžื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”, ืฉืœ ื”ืคืœื•ื’ื”.
03:20
I spent most of my time up there.
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ืื ื™ ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื–ืžื ื™ ืฉื.
03:22
There was no running water.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžื™ื ื–ื•ืจืžื™ื.
03:23
There was no way to bathe.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืชืงืœื—.
03:25
The guys were up there for a month at a time.
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื›ืœ ืคืขื.
03:27
They never even got out of their clothes.
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ื”ื ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื• ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืืคื™ืœื•.
03:29
They fought. The worked.
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ื”ื ืœื—ืžื•. ื”ื ืขื‘ื“ื•.
03:31
They slept in the same clothes.
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ื”ื ื™ืฉื ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื.
03:33
They never took them off, and at the end of the month,
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ื”ื ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื”ื•ืจื™ื“ื• ืื•ืชื, ื•ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ
03:35
they went back down to the company headquarters,
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ื”ื ื™ืจื“ื• ืœืžืคืงื“ื”,
03:37
and by then, their clothes were unwearable.
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ื•ืขื“ ืื– ื”ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœืœื‘ื™ืฉื”.
03:39
They burned them and got a new set.
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ื”ื ืฉืจืคื• ืื•ืชื ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืกื˜ ื—ื“ืฉ.
03:42
There was no Internet. There was no phone.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜. ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ.
03:43
There was no communication with the outside world up there.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืขื ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉื ืœืžืขืœื”.
03:47
There was no cooked food.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื•ื›ืœ ืžื‘ื•ืฉืœ.
03:50
There was nothing up there
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ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ
03:53
that young men typically like:
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ืฉื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื:
03:54
no cars, no girls, no television, nothing
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ืœื ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ืœื ื‘ื—ื•ืจื•ืช, ืœื ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”, ื›ืœื•ื.
03:58
except combat.
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ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืงืจื‘.
04:00
Combat they did learn to like.
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ืงืจื‘ ื”ื ื›ืŸ ืœืžื“ื• ืœืื”ื•ื‘.
04:04
I remember one day, it was a very hot day
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ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“, ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ื™ื•ื ื—ื ืžืื•ื“
04:06
in the spring,
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ื‘ืื‘ื™ื‘,
04:08
and we hadn't been in a fight
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ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืงืจื‘
04:10
in a couple of weeks, maybe.
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืžื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืื•ืœื™.
04:13
Usually, the outpost was attacked,
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžื•ืฆื‘ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื”ื•ืชืงืฃ,
04:15
and we hadn't seen any combat in a couple of weeks,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉื•ื ืงืจื‘ ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืžื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช,
04:18
and everyone was just stunned
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ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ืžื•ืžื™ื
04:21
with boredom and heat.
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ืžืฉืขืžื•ื ื•ืžื”ื—ื•ื.
04:23
And I remember the lieutenant walking past me
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ื•ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืืช ื”ืกื’ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™
04:27
sort of stripped to the waist.
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื™ืจื•ื ืขื“ ื”ืžื•ืชื ื™ื™ื,
04:29
It was incredibly hot.
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ื”ื™ื” ื—ื ื ื•ืจื.
04:31
Stripped to the waist, walked past me muttering,
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ืขื™ืจื•ื ืขื“ ื”ืžื•ืชื ื™ื™ื, ื”ื•ื ืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ื“ื™ื™ ื•ืžืœืžืœ
04:34
"Oh God, please someone attack us today."
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"ืืœื•ื”ื™ื, ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ืชืงื™ืฃ ืื•ืชื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื."
04:36
That's how bored they were.
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืจืžืช ื”ืฉืขืžื•ื ืฉืœื”ื.
04:39
That's war too, is a lieutenant saying,
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ื–ื• ื’ื ื›ืŸ ืžืœื—ืžื”, ืกื’ืŸ ืฉืื•ืžืจ
04:42
"Please make something happen
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"ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ื™ืงืจื”
04:44
because we're going crazy."
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชื’ืขื™ื."
04:46
To understand that,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื–ื”,
04:49
you have to, for a moment,
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ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืจื’ืข
04:51
think about combat not morally --
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ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืงืจื‘ ืœื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ืกืจื™ --
04:53
that's an important job to do โ€”
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ื–ื• ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืขืฉื•ืช --
04:55
but for a moment, don't think about it morally,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืจื’ืข ืืœ ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ืกืจื™,
04:57
think about it neurologically.
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ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™.
05:00
Let's think about what happens in your brain
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืžื•ื— ืฉืœืš
05:02
when you're in combat.
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ื›ืฉืืชื” ื‘ืงืจื‘.
05:04
First of all, the experience
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ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ, ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื”
05:07
is very bizarre, it's a very bizarre one.
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ื”ื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ื–ืจื”, ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ื–ืจื”.
05:11
It's not what I had expected.
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ื–ื” ืœื ืžื” ืฉืฆื™ืคื™ืชื™.
05:14
Usually, you're not scared.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ, ืืชื” ืœื ืžืคื—ื“.
05:16
I've been very scared in combat,
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ืงืจื” ืœื™ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืคื•ื—ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืงืจื‘,
05:18
but most of the time when I was out there,
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ืื‘ืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื,
05:20
I wasn't scared.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืคื•ื—ื“.
05:21
I was very scared beforehand
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืคื•ื—ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ
05:23
and incredibly scared afterwards,
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ื•ืžืคื•ื—ื“ ืœื”ืคืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืŸ,
05:25
and that fear that comes afterwards can last years.
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ื•ื”ืคื—ื“ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื‘ื ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืฉื ื™ื.
05:27
I haven't been shot at in six years,
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ืœื ื™ืจื• ื‘ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ 6 ืฉื ื™ื,
05:29
and I was woken up very abruptly this morning
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ื•ืฉื ืชื™ ื ืงื˜ืขื” ื‘ื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ
05:32
by a nightmare that I was being strafed by aircraft,
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืกื™ื•ื˜, ื‘ื• ืžื˜ื•ืก ื”ืคื’ื™ื– ืื•ืชื™,
05:35
six years later.
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6 ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ.
05:36
I've never even been strafed by aircraft,
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ืžื˜ื•ืก ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื”ืคื’ื™ื– ืื•ืชื™ ืืคื™ืœื•,
05:38
and I was having nightmares about it.
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ื•ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ืกื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš.
05:41
Time slows down.
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ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืžืื˜.
05:43
You get this weird tunnel vision.
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ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืจืื™ื™ืช ืžื ื”ืจื” ืžื•ื–ืจื” ื›ื–ื•,
05:45
You notice some details very, very, very accurately
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ืฉืžื™ื ืœื‘ ืœืคืจื˜ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืžื“ื•ื™ื™ืง,
05:49
and other things drop out.
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ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื ืขืœืžื™ื.
05:51
It's almost a slightly altered state of mind.
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ืฆื•ืจืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืฉื•ื ืชื” ื‘ืžืขื˜.
05:54
What's happening in your brain
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ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืžื•ื— ืฉืœืš
05:55
is you're getting an enormous amount of adrenaline
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืืชื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ื›ืžื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืื“ืจื ืœื™ืŸ
05:58
pumped through your system.
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ืฉืžื•ืขื‘ืจืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช.
06:00
Young men will go to great lengths
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ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื™ืขืฉื• ืžืขืœ ื•ืžืขื‘ืจ
06:02
to have that experience.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื–ื•.
06:05
It's wired into us.
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ื–ื” ื‘ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื•.
06:08
It's hormonally supported.
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืชืžืš ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืจืžื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
06:11
The mortality rate for young men in society
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ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืชืžื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”
06:15
is six times what it is for young women
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ื”ื•ื ืคื™ ืฉืฉ ืžื–ื” ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืช
06:18
from violence and from accidents,
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ืžืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืžืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื,
06:19
just the stupid stuff that young men do:
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžื˜ื•ืžื˜ืžื™ื ืฉื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื:
06:22
jumping off of things they shouldn't jump off of,
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ืงื•ืคืฆื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื›ื“ืื™ ืฉื™ืงืคืฆื• ืžื”ื,
06:24
lighting things on fire they shouldn't light on fire,
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ืžื“ืœื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืืฉ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื›ื“ืื™ ืฉื™ื“ืœื™ืงื•,
06:26
I mean, you know what I'm talking about.
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ.
06:29
They die at six times the rate
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ื”ื ืžืชื™ื ืคื™ ืฉืฉ
06:31
that young women do.
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ืžืžื” ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืช ืžืชื•ืช.
06:32
Statistically, you are safer as a teenage boy,
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™, ืืชื”, ื›ื ืขืจ ืฆืขื™ืจ, ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื™ื•ืชืจ
06:36
you would be safer in the fire department
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ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื›ื‘ืื•ืช
06:39
or the police department in most American cities
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ืื• ื‘ืชื—ื ืช ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืขืจื™ื ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘
06:41
than just walking around the streets of your hometown
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ืžืืฉืจ ื›ืฉืืชื” ืกืชื ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขื™ืจืš
06:44
looking for something to do,
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ืžื—ืคืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
06:46
statistically.
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™.
06:49
You can imagine how that plays out in combat.
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืžืชื‘ื˜ื ื‘ืงืจื‘.
06:52
At Restrepo, every guy up there was almost killed,
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ื‘ืจืกื˜ืจืคื•, ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืฉื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื ื”ืจื’,
06:55
including me,
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ื›ื•ืœืœ ืื ื™,
06:57
including my good friend Tim Hetherington,
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ื›ื•ืœืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื˜ื™ื ื”ืจื“'ื™ื ื’ื˜ื•ืŸ,
06:59
who was later killed in Libya.
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ืฉื ื”ืจื’ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืœื•ื‘.
07:02
There were guys walking around
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ื”ื™ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื•
07:03
with bullet holes in their uniforms,
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ืขื ื—ื•ืจื™ ื™ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื,
07:05
rounds that had cut through the fabric
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ื™ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉื—ืชื›ื• ืืช ื‘ื“ื™ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื”ื
07:07
and didn't touch their bodies.
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ื•ืœื ื ื’ืขื• ื‘ื’ื•ืคื.
07:10
I was leaning against some sandbags one morning,
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ื ืฉืขื ืชื™ ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ืฉืงื™ ื—ื•ืœ ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืื—ื“,
07:13
not much going on, sort of spacing out,
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ืœื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืงื•ืจื”, ืงืฆืช ืขื•ืคืคืชื™,
07:16
and some sand was kicked into the side of,
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ื•ืงืฆืช ื—ื•ืœ ืขืฃ ืขืœ ืฆื“ ืคื ื™,
07:20
sort of hit the side of my face.
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ื›ื›ื” ื”ื™ื›ื” ื‘ืฆื“ ืคื ื™.
07:23
Something hit the side of my face, and I didn't know what it was.
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืคื’ืข ื‘ืฆื“ ืคื ื™, ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืžื” ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”.
07:25
You have to understand about bullets
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ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ื“ื•ืจื™ื
07:26
that they go a lot faster than sound,
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ื˜ืกื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืจ ืžืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืœ,
07:28
so if someone shoots at you
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ืื– ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื•ืจื” ื‘ืš
07:30
from a few hundred meters,
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ืžื›ืžื” ืžืื•ืช ืžื˜ืจื™ื,
07:32
the bullet goes by you, or hits you obviously,
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ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจ ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืœื™ื“ื›ื, ืื• ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื›ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ,
07:35
half a second or so before the sound catches up to it.
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ื›ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืงื•ืœ ืžื’ื™ืข.
07:38
So I had some sand sprayed in the side of my face.
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ืื– ืงืฆืช ื—ื•ืœ ื ื™ืชื– ืขืœ ืฆื™ื“ื™ ืคื ื™.
07:40
Half a second later, I heard dut-dut-dut-dut-duh.
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ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื™ื” ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ืฉืžืขืชื™ ื“ื”-ื“ื”-ื“ื”-ื“ื”-ื“ื”.
07:42
It was machine gun fire.
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ื”ื™ื• ืืœื” ื™ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืœืข.
07:43
It was the first round, the first burst
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืกื‘ื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช
07:46
of an hour-long firefight.
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ืฉืœ ืงืจื‘ ื™ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืขื”.
07:49
What had happened was the bullet hit,
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ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื›ื“ื•ืจ ืคื’ืข,
07:52
a bullet hit three or four inches from the side of my head.
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ื›ื“ื•ืจ ืคื’ืข ื›ืขืฉืจื” ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืœื™ื“ ื”ืฆื“ ืฉืœ ืจืืฉื™.
07:55
Imagine, just think about it, because I certainly did,
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ืชื“ืžื™ื™ื ื•, ืจืง ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื–ื”, ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืขืœ ื–ื”,
08:00
think about the angle of deviation that saved my life.
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ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื–ื•ื•ื™ืช ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ื” ืฉื”ืฆื™ืœื” ืืช ื—ื™ื™.
08:02
At 400 meters, it missed me by three inches.
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ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ 400 ืžื˜ืจ, ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจ ืคื™ืกืคืก ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื›ืขืฉืจื” ืกื ื˜ื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื.
08:04
Just think about the math on that.
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ืจืง ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื–ื”.
08:09
Every guy up there
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ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืฉื ืœืžืขืœื”
08:11
had some experience like that,
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ื—ื•ื•ื” ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื–ืืช,
08:12
at least once, if not many times.
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ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืคืขื ืื—ืช, ืื ืœื ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช.
08:16
The boys are up there for a year.
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื ืœืžืขืœื” ืœืฉื ื”.
08:18
They got back.
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ื”ื ื—ื–ืจื•.
08:20
Some of them got out of the Army
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ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจื• ืžื”ืฆื‘ื
08:22
and had tremendous psychological problems when they got home.
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ื•ื—ื•ื• ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืฉื”ื ื—ื–ืจื• ื”ื‘ื™ื™ืชื”.
08:24
Some of them stayed in the Army
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ื—ืœืง ื ืฉืืจื• ื‘ืฆื‘ื
08:26
and were more or less okay, psychologically.
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ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื“ื™ ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช.
08:29
I was particularly close to a guy named Brendan O'Byrne.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืงืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืื™ืฉ ื‘ืฉื ื‘ืจื ื“ืŸ ืื•ื‘ืจืŸ.
08:32
I'm still very good friends with him.
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ืื ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœื•.
08:34
He came back to the States. He got out of the Army.
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ื”ื•ื ื—ื–ืจ ืœืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช. ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ ืžื”ืฆื‘ื.
08:37
I had a dinner party one night.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ืขืจื‘ ืื—ื“.
08:39
I invited him,
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ื”ื–ืžื ืชื™ ืื•ืชื•,
08:41
and he started talking with a woman,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืืฉื”,
08:45
one of my friends,
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ืื—ืช ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื™ื™,
08:46
and she knew how bad it had been out there,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื™ื“ืขื” ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื ื•ืจื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉื,
08:49
and she said, "Brendan,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” "ื‘ืจื ื“ืŸ,
08:51
is there anything at all that you miss about
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ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืืชื” ืžืชื’ืขื’ืข ืืœื™ื•
08:54
being out in Afghanistan, about the war?"
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ื‘ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ, ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”?"
08:58
And he thought about it quite a long time,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื“ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ,
09:01
and finally he said, "Ma'am, I miss almost all of it."
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืืžืจ "ื’ื‘ืจืชื™, ืื ื™ ืžืชื’ืขื’ืข ื›ืžืขื˜ ืœื”ื›ืœ."
09:06
And he's one of the most traumatized people
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืžื•ื›ื™ ื˜ืจืื•ืžื”
09:09
I've seen from that war.
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ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืžืื•ืชื” ืžืœื—ืžื”.
09:13
"Ma'am, I miss almost all of it."
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"ื’ื‘ืจืชื™, ืื ื™ ืžืชื’ืขื’ืข ื›ืžืขื˜ ืœื”ื›ืœ."
09:15
What is he talking about?
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ืขืœ ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื‘ืจ?
09:18
He's not a psychopath.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืคื˜.
09:21
He doesn't miss killing people.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืชื’ืขื’ืข ืœืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืื ืฉื™ื.
09:23
He's not crazy. He doesn't miss getting shot at
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืฉื•ื’ืข. ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืชื’ืขื’ืข ืฉื™ืจื• ื‘ื•
09:25
and seeing his friends get killed.
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ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ื• ื ืจืฆื—ื™ื.
09:27
What is it that he misses? We have to answer that.
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ืœืžื” ื”ื•ื ืžืชื’ืขื’ืข? ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืขื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ื•.
09:31
If we're going to stop war, we have to answer that question.
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ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืžืœื—ืžื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืขื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ื•.
09:37
I think what he missed is brotherhood.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืชื’ืขื’ืข ืืœื™ื• ื–ื• ืื—ื•ื•ืช ืื—ื™ื.
09:42
He missed, in some ways,
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื’ืขื’ืข, ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื•ืช,
09:44
the opposite of killing.
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ืœื”ืคืš ืฉืœ ื”ืจื’.
09:46
What he missed was connection
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืชื’ืขื’ืข ืืœื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ
09:48
to the other men he was with.
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ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืื™ืชื ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื”.
09:50
Now, brotherhood is different from friendship.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื—ื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช.
09:53
Friendship happens in society, obviously.
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ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ.
09:57
The more you like someone,
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ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืืชื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•,
09:58
the more you'd be willing to do for them.
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ื›ืš ืชืขืฉื” ืœืžืขื ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
10:00
Brotherhood has nothing to do
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ืื—ื•ื•ื” ืื™ื ื” ืงืฉื•ืจื”
10:02
with how you feel about the other person.
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ื‘ืื™ืš ืืชื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืฉื ื™.
10:05
It's a mutual agreement in a group
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืกื›ืžื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”
10:08
that you will put the welfare of the group,
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ืฉืืชื” ืชืฉื™ื ืืช ื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”,
10:10
you will put the safety of everyone in the group
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ืืชื” ืชืฉื™ื ืืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”,
10:12
above your own.
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ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ืš ื”ืื™ืฉื™.
10:14
In effect, you're saying,
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ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ืืชื” ืื•ืžืจ:
10:18
"I love these other people more than I love myself."
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"ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™."
10:23
Brendan was a team leader
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ื‘ืจื ื“ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื”
10:25
in command of three men,
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ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื“ ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื’ื‘ืจื™ื,
10:26
and the worst day in Afghanistan โ€”
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ื•ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื ื•ืจื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ --
10:30
He was almost killed so many times.
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ื”ื•ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ื ื”ืจื’ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื.
10:33
It didn't bother him.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœื•.
10:34
The worst thing that happened to him in Afghanistan
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื•ืจื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืงืจื” ืœื• ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ
10:37
was one of his men was hit in the head with a bullet
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ื”ื™ื” ืฉืื—ื“ ืžืื ืฉื™ื• ื ืคื’ืข ื‘ืจืืฉื• ืžื›ื“ื•ืจ
10:39
in the helmet, knocked him over.
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ื‘ืงืกื“ื”, ื”ืคื™ืœ ืื•ืชื•.
10:44
They thought he was dead.
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ื”ื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื”ืจื’.
10:45
It was in the middle of a huge firefight.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืข ืงืจื‘ ื™ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืฆื•ื.
10:46
No one could deal with it, and a minute later,
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ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชืขืกืง ื‘ื–ื”, ื•ื“ืงื” ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ,
10:48
Kyle Steiner sat back up
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ืงื™ื™ืœ ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ืจ ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”
10:51
from the dead, as it were,
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ื›ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืžืชื™ื,
10:52
because he'd come back to consciousness.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื—ื–ืจ ืœื”ื›ืจื”,
10:54
The bullet had just knocked him out.
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ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจ ืจืง ื’ืจื ืœื• ืœืื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ื›ืจืชื•.
10:56
It glanced off the helmet.
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ื”ื•ื ืงื™ืคืฅ ืžื”ืงืกื“ื”.
10:58
He remembers people saying,
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ื”ื•ื ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื,
11:00
as he was sort of half-conscious,
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžืขื™ืŸ ื—ืฆื™ ื”ื›ืจื”,
11:01
he remembers people saying,
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ื”ื•ื ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื
11:05
"Steiner's been hit in the head. Steiner's dead."
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"ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ืจ ื ื•ืจื” ื‘ืจืืฉ. ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ืจ ืžืช."
11:07
And he was thinking, "I'm not dead."
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ "ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืช."
11:08
And he sat up.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘.
11:10
And Brendan realized after that
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ื•ื‘ืจื ื“ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ ื–ื”
11:12
that he could not protect his men,
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ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื›ืœ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื•,
11:14
and that was the only time he cried in Afghanistan,
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ื” ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ,
11:16
was realizing that.
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ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช.
11:19
That's brotherhood.
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ื–ื• ืื—ื•ื•ืช ืื—ื™ื.
11:22
This wasn't invented recently.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื•ืžืฆื ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”.
11:24
Many of you have probably read "The Iliad."
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ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื›ื ื‘ื˜ื— ืงืจืื• ืืช "ืื™ืœื™ืื“ื”"
11:27
Achilles surely would have risked his life
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ื‘ื˜ื— ืฉืื›ื™ืœืก ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื›ืŸ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื•
11:29
or given his life to save his friend Patroclus.
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ืื• ื ื•ืชืŸ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื• ืคื˜ืจื•ืงื•ืœื•ืก.
11:34
In World War II, there were many stories
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ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื ื™ื”, ื”ื™ื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื
11:36
of soldiers who were wounded,
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ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืฉื ืคืฆืขื•
11:40
were brought to a rear base hospital,
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ื•ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฆื‘ืื™
11:42
who went AWOL,
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ื•ื ื”ื™ื• ืขืจื™ืงื™ื,
11:43
crawled out of windows, slipped out doors,
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ื–ื—ืœื• ืžื—ืœื•ื ื•ืช, ื™ืฆืื• ืžื“ืœืชื•ืช
11:45
went AWOL, wounded,
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ื ื”ื™ื• ืขืจื™ืงื™ื, ืคืฆื•ืขื™ื,
11:49
to make their way back to the front lines
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื“ืจื›ื ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”
11:50
to rejoin their brothers out there.
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ื•ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืื—ื™ื”ื ืฉื.
11:53
So you think about Brendan,
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ืื– ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืจื ื“ืŸ,
11:55
you think about all these soldiers
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ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื”
11:59
having an experience like that, a bond like that,
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ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื›ื–ื•, ืงืฉืจ ื›ื–ื”,
12:01
in a small group,
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ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืงื˜ื ื”,
12:03
where they loved 20 other people
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ื‘ื” ื”ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืขืฉืจื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื
12:05
in some ways more than they loved themselves,
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ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื”ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื,
12:08
you think about how good that would feel, imagine it,
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ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ, ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืืช ื–ื”,
12:13
and they are blessed with that experience for a year,
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ื•ื”ื ืžื‘ื•ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื–ื• ืœืฉื ื”,
12:18
and then they come home,
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ื•ืื– ื”ื ื‘ืื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”,
12:19
and they are just back in society
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ื•ื”ื ืจืง ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื”
12:22
like the rest of us are,
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ื›ืžื• ื›ื•ืœื ื•,
12:25
not knowing who they can count on,
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืขืœ ืžื™ ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืกืžื•ืš,
12:28
not knowing who loves them, who they can love,
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืžื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืื•ืชื, ืืช ืžื™ ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื”ื•ื‘,
12:33
not knowing exactly what anyone they know
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ืขืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื
12:35
would do for them if it came down to it.
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ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ืื ื–ื” ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื–ื”.
12:38
That is terrifying.
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ื–ื” ืžื—ืจื™ื“.
12:41
Compared to that,
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ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœื–ื”,
12:43
war, psychologically, in some ways, is easy,
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ืžืœื—ืžื”, ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช, ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืงืœื”.
12:47
compared to that kind of alienation.
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ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
12:50
That's why they miss it,
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ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื ืžืชื’ืขื’ืขื™ื ืืœื™ื”.
12:51
and that's what we have to understand
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ
12:54
and in some ways fix in our society.
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ื•ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืœืชืงืŸ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•.
12:57
Thank you very much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
13:00
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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