Sebastian Junger: Why veterans miss war

2,897,925 views ใƒป 2014-05-23

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Hara Go ๊ฒ€ํ† : K Bang
00:12
I'm going to ask and try to answer,
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ €๋Š”
00:14
in some ways, kind of an uncomfortable question.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ์€ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
Both civilians, obviously, and soldiers
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๋ฏผ๊ฐ„์ธ๋“ค ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ตฐ์ธ๋“ค์€
00:22
suffer in war;
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์ „์Ÿ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค;
00:24
I don't think any civilian has ever missed
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๋ฏผ๊ฐ„์ธ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋“ ์ง€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š”
00:26
the war that they were subjected to.
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์ „์Ÿ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์›Œ ํ•œ ์ ์€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
I've been covering wars for almost 20 years,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ 20๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ „์Ÿ์„ ์ทจ์žฌํ•ด์˜ค๋ฉด์„œ
00:32
and one of the remarkable things for me
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๋†€๋ž๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
00:35
is how many soldiers find themselves missing it.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด
์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ „์Ÿ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์›Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
How is it someone can go through
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์–ด์งธ์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋Š”
00:41
the worst experience imaginable,
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์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ตœ์•…์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ ์„œ,
00:43
and come home, back to their home,
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ณด๊ธˆ์ž๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๊ณ์œผ๋กœ,
00:45
and their family, their country, and miss the war?
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์กฐ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ๋„
์ „์Ÿ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์›Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
00:49
How does that work? What does it mean?
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๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ์ด๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
00:52
We have to answer that question,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
because if we don't, it'll be impossible
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์†ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋กœ ๋Œ๋ ค ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
00:59
to bring soldiers back
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01:00
to a place in society where they belong,
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
01:04
and I think it'll also be impossible to stop war,
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๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
์ „์Ÿ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:06
if we don't understand how that mechanism works.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
01:09
The problem is that war
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
์ „์Ÿ์— ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ณ 
01:13
does not have a simple, neat truth,
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
01:17
one simple, neat truth.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ์ง„์‹ค์ด์š”.
01:19
Any sane person hates war,
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์ •์ƒ์ธ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋“  ์ „์Ÿ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
hates the idea of war,
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์ „์Ÿ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋… ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ์š”.
01:23
wouldn't want to have anything to do with it,
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์ „์Ÿ์— ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์—๋„ ์—ฎ์ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ 
01:26
doesn't want to be near it, doesn't want to know about it.
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๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์กฐ์ฐจ ์›์น˜ ์•Š์„ ๋ฟ๋”๋Ÿฌ
์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•„์š”.
01:29
That's a sane response to war.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ „์Ÿ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋ฐ˜์‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
But if I asked all of you in this room,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์‹  ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜
01:34
who here has paid money
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๋ˆ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ 
01:38
to go to a cinema
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์˜ํ™”๊ด€์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ํ• ๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋“œ
01:40
and be entertained by a Hollywood war movie,
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์ „์Ÿ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์‹œ๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์œผ๋ฉด
01:43
most of you would probably raise your hands.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์†์„ ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
That's what's so complicated about war.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ „์Ÿ์ด๋ž€๊ฒŒ ๋‚œํ•ดํ•œ ์ด์œ ์—์š”.
01:49
And trust me, if a room full of peace-loving people
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์ œ ๋ง์„ ๋ฏฟ์–ด๋„ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋งŒ์•ฝ ํ‰ํ™”์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“์ฐฌ ๊ณณ์—์„œ
01:53
finds something compelling about war,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ „์Ÿ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:56
so do 20-year-old soldiers
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์ „์Ÿ์— ๋‹จ๋ จ๋๋˜ 20์‚ด์˜ ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ผ๊ณ 
01:59
who have been trained in it, I promise you.
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์ €๋Š” ์žฅ๋‹ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
That's the thing that has to be understood.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ’€์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ˆ™์ œ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
I've covered war for about 20 years, as I said,
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์•ž์„œ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ์ €๋Š” 20๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ „์Ÿ์„ ์ทจ์žฌํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
but my most intense experiences in combat
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒช์€ ์ „ํˆฌ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€
02:11
were with American soldiers in Afghanistan.
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์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„์—์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตฐ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
I've been in Africa, the Middle East,
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์ €๋Š” 90๋…„๋Œ€์—๋Š” ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์—, ์ค‘๋™์—
02:16
Afghanistan in the '90s,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
02:18
but it was with American soldiers in 2007, 2008,
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์ •๋ง ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•œ ์ „ํˆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋•Œ๋Š”
2007๋…„, 2008๋…„ ๋ฏธ๊ตฐ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ „ํˆฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
that I was confronted with
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02:25
very intense combat.
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02:26
I was in a small valley called the Korengal Valley
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์ €๋Š” ์•„ํ”„์นด๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„์˜ ๋™์ชฝ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ
02:28
in eastern Afghanistan.
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์ฝ”๋ Œ๊ฐˆ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๊ณ„๊ณก์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
It was six miles long.
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๊ณ„๊ณก์€ 6๋งˆ์ผ ์ •๋„์˜ ๊ธธ์ด์˜€๊ณ 
02:33
There were 150 men of Battle Company in that valley,
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—๋Š” 150๋ช…์˜ ์ „ํˆฌ ์ค‘๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋‘”ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์ง€์š”
02:36
and for a while, while I was there,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ๋˜ ์ž ์‹œ ๋™์•ˆ,
02:40
almost 20 percent of all the combat
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์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„ ์ „์ง€์—ญ์„ ํ†ตํ‹€์–ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ „ํˆฌ์˜
02:42
in all of Afghanistan was happening
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๊ฑฐ์˜ 20%๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
in those six miles.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ 6๋งˆ์ผ ์•ˆ์—์„œ์š”.
02:45
A hundred and fifty men were absorbing
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150๋ช…์˜ ์šฉ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€
02:48
almost a fifth of the combat for all of NATO forces
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๋ถ๋Œ€์„œ์–‘์กฐ์•ฝ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ (NATO)๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด
02:51
in the country, for a couple months.
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์ „์ฒด ์ „ํˆฌ์˜ 1/5์„ ๊ฒช์–ด๋ƒˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
๋‘๋‹ฌ ๋™์•ˆ์—์š”.
02:54
It was very intense.
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์ •๋ง ์น˜์—ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
I spent most of my time at a small outpost
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์ €๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ ˆ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆํฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ „์ดˆ๊ธฐ์ง€์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
called Restrepo.
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02:59
It was named after the platoon medic
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ 2๋‹ฌ์ „ ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋˜์–ด ์ „์‚ฌํ–ˆ๋˜
03:01
that had been killed about two months into the deployment.
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์†Œ๋Œ€ ์œ„์ƒ๋ณ‘์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ง€์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
It was a few plywood B-huts
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช‡๊ฐœ์˜ ํ•ฉํŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ ธ
03:08
clinging to a side of a ridge,
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์‚ฐ๋งˆ๋ฃจ ํ•œ์ชฝ์— ๋งค๋‹ฌ๋ฆฐ B-๋ง‰์‚ฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
and sandbags, bunkers, gun positions,
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ž˜ ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์™€ ๋ฒ™์ปค, ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
03:16
and there were 20 men up there
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์œ„์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ „ํˆฌ ์ค‘๋Œ€์˜ 2์†Œ๋Œ€์› 20๋ช…์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
of Second Platoon, Battle Company.
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03:20
I spent most of my time up there.
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์ €๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ทธ ์œ„์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
There was no running water.
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋—๋ฌผ๋„ ์—†์–ด์„œ ๋ชธ์„ ์”ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
There was no way to bathe.
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03:25
The guys were up there for a month at a time.
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๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ํ•œ๋‹ฌ ์”ฉ ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์•ผ ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
They never even got out of their clothes.
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์˜ท์„ ๋ฒ—์„ ํ‹ˆ๋„ ์—†์ด
03:29
They fought. The worked.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ์ „ํˆฌ์— ์ž„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
They slept in the same clothes.
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๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์˜ท์„ ์ž…๊ณ  ์ž ์„ ์žค๊ณ 
03:33
They never took them off, and at the end of the month,
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์ ˆ๋Œ€ ๋ฒ—์ง€์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”,
03:35
they went back down to the company headquarters,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ฌ์ด ๋‹ค ๋˜์–ด์„œ์•ผ ์ค‘๋Œ€ ๋ณธ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
03:37
and by then, their clothes were unwearable.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ์ฏค์ด๋ฉด ์ž…๋˜ ์ „ํˆฌ๋ณต์€ ํ•ด์ ธ ์ž…์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด
03:39
They burned them and got a new set.
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ํƒœ์›Œ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒˆ ์ „ํˆฌ๋ณต์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
There was no Internet. There was no phone.
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—๋Š” ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท๋„ ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ „ํ™”๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด๊ณ ,
03:43
There was no communication with the outside world up there.
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๋ฐ”๊นฅ ์„ธ์ƒ๊ณผ์˜ ์†Œํ†ต์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
There was no cooked food.
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์กฐ๋ฆฌ๋œ ์Œ์‹๋„ ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ 
03:50
There was nothing up there
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์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ• ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€
03:53
that young men typically like:
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์•„๋ฌด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
03:54
no cars, no girls, no television, nothing
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์ž๋™์ฐจ, ์—ฌ์ž, ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „, ์•„๋ฌด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:58
except combat.
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์ „ํˆฌ ๋นผ๊ณ ๋Š”์š”.
04:00
Combat they did learn to like.
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์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ธธ๋“ค์—ฌ์ง„ ์ „ํˆฌ ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
04:04
I remember one day, it was a very hot day
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์ €๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ๋”์› ๋˜ ํ•œ ๋ด„๋‚ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
04:06
in the spring,
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04:08
and we hadn't been in a fight
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ํ•œ 2์ฃผ๋™์•ˆ ์ „ํˆฌ๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
04:10
in a couple of weeks, maybe.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„์š”.
04:13
Usually, the outpost was attacked,
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ํ‰์†Œ ๊ฐ™์•˜์œผ๋ฉด ์ „์ดˆ ๊ธฐ์ง€๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ
04:15
and we hadn't seen any combat in a couple of weeks,
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2์ฃผ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ์ „ํˆฌ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”,
04:18
and everyone was just stunned
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๋‹ค๋“ค ์ง€๋ฃจํ•จ๊ณผ ๋”์œ„์— ์†์ˆ˜๋ฌด์ฑ…์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:21
with boredom and heat.
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04:23
And I remember the lieutenant walking past me
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ ์•ž์„ ์ง€๋‚˜๋˜ ํ•œ ์ค‘์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
sort of stripped to the waist.
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ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ท์„ ๋ฒ—์€ ์ƒํƒœ์˜€์ฃ .
04:29
It was incredibly hot.
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๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ •๋ง ์ •๋ง ๋”์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
Stripped to the waist, walked past me muttering,
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์ค‘์œ„๋Š” ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ท์„ ๋ฒ—์€์ฑ„ ํˆฌ๋œ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ์ œ ์•ž์„ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ”์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:34
"Oh God, please someone attack us today."
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"ํ•˜๋Š˜์ด์‹œ์—ฌ, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ œ๋ฐœ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”."
04:36
That's how bored they were.
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๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ง€๋ฃจํ•ด ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
That's war too, is a lieutenant saying,
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ „์Ÿ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ด์š”.
๋˜ ํ•œ ์ค‘์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ .
04:42
"Please make something happen
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"์ œ๋ฐœ ๋ญ๋ผ๋„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฏธ์ณ๋ฒ„๋ฆด๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”."
04:44
because we're going crazy."
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04:46
To understand that,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
04:49
you have to, for a moment,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์ž ์‹œ ๋™์•ˆ
04:51
think about combat not morally --
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์ „ํˆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์…”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋„์˜์ ์œผ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ์š”.
04:53
that's an important job to do โ€”
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋„์˜์ ์ธ๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
04:55
but for a moment, don't think about it morally,
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์ž ์‹œ ๋™์•ˆ์€ ์ „ํˆฌ๋ฅผ ๋„๋•๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ง€์–ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
04:57
think about it neurologically.
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์‹ ๊ฒฝํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:00
Let's think about what happens in your brain
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ „ํˆฌ ์ค‘์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:02
when you're in combat.
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ์†์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
05:04
First of all, the experience
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์šฐ์„ , ์ •๋ง ํŠน์ดํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ผ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”, ์ •๋ง ํ”์น˜ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด์ฃ .
05:07
is very bizarre, it's a very bizarre one.
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05:11
It's not what I had expected.
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์ „ํ˜€ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
Usually, you're not scared.
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๋Œ€๊ฒŒ, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
05:16
I've been very scared in combat,
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์ „ํˆฌ ์ค‘์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ €๋Š” ๋ฌด์ฒ™ ๋‘๋ ค์› ์ง€๋งŒ
05:18
but most of the time when I was out there,
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๋ง‰์ƒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์„ ๋• ๋‘๋ ต์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
05:20
I wasn't scared.
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05:21
I was very scared beforehand
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์ „ํˆฌ ์ „์—๋Š” ์ •๋ง ๋ฌด์„œ์› ๊ณ 
05:23
and incredibly scared afterwards,
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์ „ํˆฌ ํ›„์—๋Š” ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋ฌด์„œ์› ์–ด์š”,
05:25
and that fear that comes afterwards can last years.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ „์Ÿ ํ›„์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ณตํฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
05:27
I haven't been shot at in six years,
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์ €๋Š” 6๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋‹จ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ๋„ ์ด์— ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ๋„
05:29
and I was woken up very abruptly this morning
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ์— ํ•ญ๊ณต ํญ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์•…๋ชฝ์—
05:32
by a nightmare that I was being strafed by aircraft,
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๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์ž ์—์„œ ๊นจ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
05:35
six years later.
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6๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:36
I've never even been strafed by aircraft,
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์ €๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‹จ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ๋„ ํญ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋‹นํ•œ ์ ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:38
and I was having nightmares about it.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์•…๋ชฝ์„ ๊พธ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
Time slows down.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๋”๋””๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
You get this weird tunnel vision.
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ํ•œ๋ฒˆ, ์ด ์ด์ƒํ•œ ํ„ฐ๋„ ์‹œ์•ผ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋Š๊ปด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:45
You notice some details very, very, very accurately
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๋ˆˆ ์•ž์˜ ์ •๋ง ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ชฐ์ž…ํ•˜๋ฉด
05:49
and other things drop out.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
It's almost a slightly altered state of mind.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜, ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์™œ๊ณก๋œ ๋งˆ์Œ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
What's happening in your brain
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์†์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์€
05:55
is you're getting an enormous amount of adrenaline
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๋ชธ ์†์— ์ •๋ง ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์–‘์˜
05:58
pumped through your system.
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์•„๋“œ๋ ˆ๋‚ ๋ฆฐ์ด ๋ฟœ์–ด์ ธ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
06:00
Young men will go to great lengths
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์ Š์€ ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์• ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:02
to have that experience.
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06:05
It's wired into us.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค๋“ค์ฃ .
06:08
It's hormonally supported.
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์ด๊ฑด ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๋ช…์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
The mortality rate for young men in society
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์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ง๋ฅ ์€
06:15
is six times what it is for young women
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ 6๋ฐฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
from violence and from accidents,
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ํญ๋ ฅ์ด๋‚˜, ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ง ํƒ“์ด์ฃ .
06:19
just the stupid stuff that young men do:
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๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ Š์€ ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์ง“๋“ค์ธ:
06:22
jumping off of things they shouldn't jump off of,
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๋›ฐ์–ด ๋„˜์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋›ฐ์–ด ๋„˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™,
06:24
lighting things on fire they shouldn't light on fire,
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๋ถˆ์„ ๋ถ™์—ฌ์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋ถˆ์„ ๋ถ™์ด๋Š” ํ–‰๋™,
06:26
I mean, you know what I'm talking about.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
06:29
They die at six times the rate
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์ด๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋กœ ์ฃฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
06:31
that young women do.
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์ Š์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ 6๋ฐฐ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
Statistically, you are safer as a teenage boy,
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ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ, 10๋Œ€ ์†Œ๋…„์ผ ๋•Œ๋Š”
06:36
you would be safer in the fire department
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์†Œ๋ฐฉ์„œ์— ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
06:39
or the police department in most American cities
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋„์‹œ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์„œ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
06:41
than just walking around the streets of your hometown
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์‚ฌ๊ณ ์น˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋™๋„ค๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์›ƒ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ˆ์ „ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
looking for something to do,
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06:46
statistically.
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ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ์š”.
06:49
You can imagine how that plays out in combat.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ „ํˆฌ์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
06:52
At Restrepo, every guy up there was almost killed,
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๋ ˆ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆํฌ์— ์žˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ „์‚ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
06:55
including me,
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์ €๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์„œ์š”,
06:57
including my good friend Tim Hetherington,
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์ €์˜ ์ข‹์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ์˜€๋˜ ํŒ€ ํ—ค๋”๋งํ„ด์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์„œ์š”,
06:59
who was later killed in Libya.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ›„์— ๋ฆฌ๋น„์•„์—์„œ ์ „์‚ฌํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:02
There were guys walking around
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๊ฐ„๋ฐœ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ๋ชธ์„ ํ”ผํ•œ ๊ทธ๊ณณ ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์€
07:03
with bullet holes in their uniforms,
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07:05
rounds that had cut through the fabric
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์œ ๋‹ˆํผ ์ฒœ ์œ„์— ๋™๊ทธ๋ž€ ์ด์•Œ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ ์ž๊ตญ์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณค ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
and didn't touch their bodies.
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07:10
I was leaning against some sandbags one morning,
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์–ด๋Š ๋‚  ์•„์นจ, ์ €๋Š” ์ƒŒ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์— ๋ชธ์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ„ ์ฑ„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
not much going on, sort of spacing out,
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๋”ฑํžˆ ํ•  ์ผ๋„ ์—†์ด ๋ฉํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ
07:16
and some sand was kicked into the side of,
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๋ชจ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์ œ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ํฉ๋ฟŒ๋ ค์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
sort of hit the side of my face.
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07:23
Something hit the side of my face, and I didn't know what it was.
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๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ œ ์–ผ๊ตด ํ•œ ์ชฝ์„ ์ณค๋Š”๋ฐ
๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชฐ๋ž์–ด์š”.
07:25
You have to understand about bullets
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07:26
that they go a lot faster than sound,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜์„œ๋Š” ์ด์•Œ์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋น ๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์…”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
so if someone shoots at you
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€
07:30
from a few hundred meters,
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๋ช‡๋ฐฑ ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ์ด์„ ์˜๋ฉด
07:32
the bullet goes by you, or hits you obviously,
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์ด์•Œ์€ ์ˆœ์‹๊ฐ„์—, ํ˜น์€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ์ „์—
07:35
half a second or so before the sound catches up to it.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๊ณ์„ ๋น„์ผœ๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
๋ถ„๋ช… ์ด์— ๋งž์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
So I had some sand sprayed in the side of my face.
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๋ชจ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์ œ ์–ผ๊ตด์— ํฉ๋ฟŒ๋ ค์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
07:40
Half a second later, I heard dut-dut-dut-dut-duh.
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๊ณง๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ €๋Š” ๋”๋”๋” ํ•˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
It was machine gun fire.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฒฉ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:43
It was the first round, the first burst
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ํ•œ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์งœ๋ฆฌ ์ด๊ฒฉ์ „์˜
07:46
of an hour-long firefight.
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1ํšŒ์ „, ์ฒซ ํ•œ ๋ฐ”ํƒ• ์‚ฌ๊ฒฉ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
What had happened was the bullet hit,
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ ์Šค์ณ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ”๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด์•Œ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
07:52
a bullet hit three or four inches from the side of my head.
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์ œ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ 3, 4์ธ์น˜ ์ •๋„ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ์„œ์š”.
07:55
Imagine, just think about it, because I certainly did,
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์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
08:00
think about the angle of deviation that saved my life.
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์ œ ๋ชฉ์ˆจ์„ ๊ตฌํ•ด์ค€ ๊ทธ ๊ฐ๋„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
08:02
At 400 meters, it missed me by three inches.
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400๋ฏธํ„ฐ์—์„œ 3์ธ์น˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋น„์ผœ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
Just think about the math on that.
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์ˆ˜ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
08:09
Every guy up there
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์€
08:11
had some experience like that,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
08:12
at least once, if not many times.
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๋งŽ์ด๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์–ด๋„ ์ ์–ด๋„ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ์”ฉ์€์š”.
08:16
The boys are up there for a year.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ์ผ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
08:18
They got back.
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๊ท€ํ–ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
Some of them got out of the Army
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๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋ช‡๋ช‡์€ ์ œ๋Œ€ ํ›„,
08:22
and had tremendous psychological problems when they got home.
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์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ”์„๋•Œ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์ •์‹ ์  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:24
Some of them stayed in the Army
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๊ตฐ๋Œ€์— ๋‚จ์€ ๋ช‡๋ช‡์€
08:26
and were more or less okay, psychologically.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •์‹ ์ ์œผ๋กœ์š”.
08:29
I was particularly close to a guy named Brendan O'Byrne.
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์ €๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋‹จ ์˜ค๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฐ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋‚ด์™€ ์นœํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
08:32
I'm still very good friends with him.
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ข‹์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ตฌ์š”.
08:34
He came back to the States. He got out of the Army.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™€ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
I had a dinner party one night.
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋””๋„ˆ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
08:39
I invited him,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:41
and he started talking with a woman,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ œ ์นœ๊ตฌ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ธ
ํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:45
one of my friends,
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08:46
and she knew how bad it had been out there,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ „์Ÿ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ
์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์•ˆ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ์—
08:49
and she said, "Brendan,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:51
is there anything at all that you miss about
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"๋ธŒ๋žœ๋‹จ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„์—์„œ ๊ฒช์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ์ค‘
08:54
being out in Afghanistan, about the war?"
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์›Œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†๋‚˜์š”? ์ „์Ÿ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ์š”?"
08:58
And he thought about it quite a long time,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ž ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฝค ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€
09:01
and finally he said, "Ma'am, I miss almost all of it."
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
"๋ถ€์ธ, ์ €๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
09:06
And he's one of the most traumatized people
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ „์Ÿ์—์„œ ๋ณธ ์ตœ์•…์˜ ์ •์‹ ์  ์™ธ์ƒ์„ ์ž…์€ ์ด๋“ค ์ค‘
09:09
I've seen from that war.
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ํ•œ ๋ช… ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
"Ma'am, I miss almost all of it."
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"๋ถ€์ธ, ์ €๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์›Œ์š”."
09:15
What is he talking about?
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์„ ํ•œ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
09:18
He's not a psychopath.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์‹ธ์ด์ฝ” ํŒจ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
He doesn't miss killing people.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ฃฝ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์›Œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
09:23
He's not crazy. He doesn't miss getting shot at
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ์ด์„ ๋งž๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฃฝ์–ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณด๋Š”๊ฑธ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์›Œ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
and seeing his friends get killed.
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09:27
What is it that he misses? We have to answer that.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์›Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:31
If we're going to stop war, we have to answer that question.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ „์Ÿ์„ ๋ง‰์œผ๋ ค ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
I think what he missed is brotherhood.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์›Œํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด
ํ˜•์ œ์• ์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
He missed, in some ways,
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์–ด๋–ค ์ ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š”, ์‚ด์ธ๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์›Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
the opposite of killing.
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09:46
What he missed was connection
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์›Œ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
to the other men he was with.
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09:50
Now, brotherhood is different from friendship.
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ํ˜•์ œ์• ๋Š” ์šฐ์ •๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐœ๋…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
Friendship happens in society, obviously.
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์šฐ์ •์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋” ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก
09:57
The more you like someone,
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09:58
the more you'd be willing to do for them.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
Brotherhood has nothing to do
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ํ˜•์ œ์• ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
10:02
with how you feel about the other person.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š”๊ฐ€์™€๋Š” ๋ณ„๊ฐœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
It's a mutual agreement in a group
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ํ˜•์ œ์• ๋Š” ์กฐ์ง ๋‚ด์—์„œ
10:08
that you will put the welfare of the group,
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์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์•ˆ๋…•์„,
10:10
you will put the safety of everyone in the group
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์กฐ์ง์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด๋“ค์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์„ ์šฐ์„ ์‹œํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š”
10:12
above your own.
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์ƒํ˜ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ•ฉ์˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
In effect, you're saying,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
"I love these other people more than I love myself."
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋” ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค."
10:23
Brendan was a team leader
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๋ธŒ๋žœ๋‹จ์€ 3๋ช…์˜ ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด๋„๋Š” ํŒ€ ๋ฆฌ๋”์˜€๊ณ ,
10:25
in command of three men,
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10:26
and the worst day in Afghanistan โ€”
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์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„์—์„œ ์ตœ์•…์˜ ๋‚ ์—๋Š”
10:30
He was almost killed so many times.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†์ด ์ฃฝ์„ ๊ณ ๋น„๋ฅผ ๋„˜๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
It didn't bother him.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์˜์น˜ ์•Š์•„ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
10:34
The worst thing that happened to him in Afghanistan
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์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„์—์„œ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋˜ ์ตœ์•…์˜ ์ผ์€
10:37
was one of his men was hit in the head with a bullet
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Œ๋˜ ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด
10:39
in the helmet, knocked him over.
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ํ—ฌ๋ฉง ์œ„๋กœ ์ด์„ ๋งž๊ณ  ์“ฐ๋Ÿฌ์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
They thought he was dead.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
10:45
It was in the middle of a huge firefight.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์ด๊ฒฉ์ „ ์ค‘์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
10:46
No one could deal with it, and a minute later,
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10:48
Kyle Steiner sat back up
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์นด์ผ ์Šˆํƒ€์ด๋„ˆ๋Š”
10:51
from the dead, as it were,
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๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฃฝ์€ ๋ชธ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ 1๋ถ„ ๋’ค์— ๋ชธ์„ ์„ธ์›Œ ์•‰๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:52
because he'd come back to consciousness.
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์˜์‹์„ ๋˜์ฐพ์€ ๋•๋ถ„์—์š”.
10:54
The bullet had just knocked him out.
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์ด์•Œ์ด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ ˆ์‹œํ‚จ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:56
It glanced off the helmet.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ—ฌ๋ฉง์„ ํž๋— ๋‚ด๋ ค๋‹ค ๋ดค์–ด์š”.
10:58
He remembers people saying,
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๋ฐ˜์ฏค ์˜์‹์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ์˜€๊ธฐ์—
๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ
11:00
as he was sort of half-conscious,
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11:01
he remembers people saying,
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
"Steiner's been hit in the head. Steiner's dead."
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"์Šˆํƒ€์ด๋„ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์— ๋งž์•˜์–ด, ์ฃฝ์—ˆ์–ด."
11:07
And he was thinking, "I'm not dead."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ , "๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฃฝ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด."
11:08
And he sat up.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์•‰์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
And Brendan realized after that
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๋ธŒ๋žœ๋‹จ์€ ๊ทธ ํ›„ ์ž์‹ ์ด
11:12
that he could not protect his men,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ž์ฑ…ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
11:14
and that was the only time he cried in Afghanistan,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„์—์„œ ๋”ฑ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์šธ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
11:16
was realizing that.
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11:19
That's brotherhood.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ˜•์žฌ์• ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
This wasn't invented recently.
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ํ˜•์ œ์• ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋‚˜์˜จ ๋ง์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
11:24
Many of you have probably read "The Iliad."
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์•„๋งˆ
"์ผ๋ฆฌ์•„๋“œ"๋ฅผ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด์…จ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ์š”.
11:27
Achilles surely would have risked his life
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์•„ํ‚ฌ๋ ˆ์Šค๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ์ธ ํŒŒํŠธ๋กœํด๋กœ์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
11:29
or given his life to save his friend Patroclus.
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๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ˆจ์„ ๊ฑธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ชฉ์ˆจ์„ ๋ฐ”์ณค์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
In World War II, there were many stories
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์ œ 2์ฐจ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋Œ€์ „ ์ค‘์—
11:36
of soldiers who were wounded,
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๋ถ€์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด
11:40
were brought to a rear base hospital,
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ํ›„๋ฐฉ ๊ธฐ์ง€ ๋ณ‘์›์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ์กŒ์ง€๋งŒ
11:42
who went AWOL,
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๋ฌด๋‹จ์ดํƒˆ์„,
11:43
crawled out of windows, slipped out doors,
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๊ธฐ์–ด์ด ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์–ด๋‚˜์˜ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜์™€
11:45
went AWOL, wounded,
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๋ถ€์ƒ์„ ์ž…์€ ์ฑ„๋กœ ๋ฌด๋‹จ์ดํƒˆ์„ ํ•˜์—ฌ
์ „์„ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ„ ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:49
to make their way back to the front lines
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11:50
to rejoin their brothers out there.
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ํ˜•์ œ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ตœ์ „์„ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์˜€์ฃ .
11:53
So you think about Brendan,
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์ด์ œ ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋‹จ์„ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ ค ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
11:55
you think about all these soldiers
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๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์„์š”.
11:59
having an experience like that, a bond like that,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์œ ๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ€์กŒ๋˜
12:01
in a small group,
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๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
12:03
where they loved 20 other people
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์ž‘์€ ์กฐ์ง ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ
12:05
in some ways more than they loved themselves,
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์ž์‹ ๋ณด๋‹ค 20๋ช…์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
you think about how good that would feel, imagine it,
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํ›ˆํ›ˆํ–ˆ์„์ง€ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
12:13
and they are blessed with that experience for a year,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์œผ๋กœ
์ผ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ํ–‰๋ณตํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:18
and then they come home,
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12:19
and they are just back in society
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ด์ œ ๋ง‰ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
like the rest of us are,
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12:25
not knowing who they can count on,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์˜์ง€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ฑ„,
12:28
not knowing who loves them, who they can love,
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ 
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ฑ„,
12:33
not knowing exactly what anyone they know
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์•„๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์ค„์ง€ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ฑ„๋กœ์š”.
12:35
would do for them if it came down to it.
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12:38
That is terrifying.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ๋”์ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:41
Compared to that,
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๊ทธ์— ๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉด,
12:43
war, psychologically, in some ways, is easy,
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์–ด๋–ค ์ ์—์„œ ์ „์Ÿ์€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์›”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
compared to that kind of alienation.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์†Œ์™ธ๊ฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”์š”.
12:50
That's why they miss it,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ „์Ÿ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์›Œํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:51
and that's what we have to understand
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ 
12:54
and in some ways fix in our society.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ์†์—์„œ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:57
Thank you very much.
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๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
13:00
(Applause)
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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