Mitch Resnick: Let's teach kids to code

254,265 views ใƒป 2013-01-29

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
0
0
7000
ืžืชืจื’ื: Ido Dekkers ืžื‘ืงืจ: eviatar edlerman
00:15
It was a Saturday afternoon in May,
1
15911
3179
ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื–ื• ืฉืขืช ืื—ืจ ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžืื™
00:19
and I suddenly realized
2
19090
2514
ื•ืคืชืื•ื ื”ื‘ื ืชื™
00:21
that the next day was Mother's Day,
3
21604
3454
ืฉืžื—ืจ ื™ื•ื ื”ืื,
00:25
and I hadn't gotten anything for my mom,
4
25058
1846
ื•ืฉืœื ืงื ื™ืชื™ ืžืชื ื” ืœืืžื™,
00:26
so I started thinking about
5
26904
1401
ืื– ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘
00:28
what should I get my mom for Mother's Day?
6
28305
2337
ืžื” ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื™ ืœืงื ื•ืช ืœืืžื™ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื™ื•ื ื”ืื?
00:30
I thought, why don't I make her
7
30642
1844
ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืื•ืœื™ ืืฆื•ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจื”
00:32
an interactive Mother's Day card
8
32486
3049
ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™
00:35
using the Scratch software that I'd been developing
9
35535
2708
ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชื•ื›ื ืช ื”"ืกืงืจืืฅ'" ืฉืคื™ืชื—ืชื™ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ
00:38
with my research group at the MIT Media Lab?
10
38243
3817
ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช MIT?
00:42
We developed it so that people could easily create
11
42060
3380
ืคื™ืชื—ื ื• ืชื•ื›ื ื” ื–ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ืงืœื•ืช
00:45
their own interactive stories and games and animations,
12
45440
4244
ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื, ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ื•ื”ื ืคืฉื•ืช ืžืฉืœื”ื
00:49
and then share their creations with one another.
13
49684
3769
ื•ืื– ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืื•ืชื ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™.
00:53
So I thought, this would be an opportunity to use Scratch
14
53453
3868
ืื– ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžื™ ืฉื–ื• ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘"ืกืงืจืืฅ'"
00:57
to make an interactive card for my mom.
15
57321
2900
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืžื™.
01:00
Before making my own Mother's Day card,
16
60221
2176
ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื›ื ืชื™ ืืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื™ื•ื ื”ืื ืฉืœื™,
01:02
I thought I would take a look
17
62397
1985
ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืื‘ื™ื˜
01:04
at the Scratch website.
18
64382
1573
ื‘ืืชืจ ืกืงืจืฅ'.
01:05
So over the last several years, kids around the world
19
65955
3358
ืื– ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื
01:09
ages 8 and up, have shared their projects,
20
69313
3194
ืžื’ื™ืœ 8 ื•ืžืขืœื”, ื—ืœืงื• ืืช ื”ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื,
01:12
and I thought, I wonder if, of those three million projects,
21
72507
3435
ื•ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™, ืื ื™ ืชื•ื”ื” ืื, ืžื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ืžืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื,
01:15
whether anyone else has thought to put up Mother's Day cards.
22
75942
3385
ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ ื—ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ืœื™ื•ื ื”ืื.
01:19
So in the search box I typed in
23
79327
2994
ืื– ื‘ืชื™ื‘ืช ื”ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ื”ืงืœื“ืชื™
01:22
"Mother's Day,"
24
82321
1545
"ื™ื•ื ื”ืื,"
01:23
and I was surprised and delighted to see a list
25
83866
3003
ื•ื”ื•ืคืชืขืชื™ ื•ื ื”ื ืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืจืฉื™ืžื”
01:26
of dozens and dozens of Mother's Day cards
26
86869
2704
ืฉืœ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื ืœื™ื•ื ื”ืื
01:29
that showed up on the Scratch website,
27
89573
2514
ืฉื”ื•ืคื™ืขื• ื‘ืืชืจ ืกืงืจืฅ',
01:32
many of them just in the past 24 hours
28
92087
2318
ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ืž24 ื”ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช
01:34
by procrastinators just like myself.
29
94405
3206
ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื“ื—ื• ืœืจื’ืข ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื•ื ื™.
01:37
So I started taking a look at them. (Music)
30
97611
3122
ืื– ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ื”ื. (ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”)
01:40
I saw one of them that featured a kitten
31
100733
2456
ืจืื™ืชื™ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืฉื”ืจืื” ื—ืชื•ืœื”
01:43
and her mom and wishing her mom a happy Mother's Day.
32
103189
6871
ื•ืืช ืื™ืžื” ื•ืื™ื—ืœื” ืœืื™ืžื” ื™ื•ื ื”ืื ืฉืžื—.
01:50
And the creator very considerately
33
110060
2531
ื•ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช
01:52
offered a replay for her mom.
34
112591
3504
ื”ืฆื™ืขื” ื›ืคืชื•ืจ ื”ืคืขืœื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืœืื™ืžื”.
01:56
Another one was an interactive project where,
35
116095
2384
ืื—ื“ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื™ื” ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื•,
01:58
when you moved the mouse over the letters of "Happy Mom Day,"
36
118479
3198
ื›ืฉื”ื–ื–ืชื ืืช ื”ืขื›ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ "ื™ื•ื ืื ืฉืžื—,"
02:01
it reveals a special happy Mother's Day slogan.
37
121677
4920
ื”ื•ื ื’ื™ืœื” ืกืœื•ื’ืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœื™ื•ื ืื ืฉืžื™.
02:06
(Music) In this one, the creator told a narrative
38
126597
3983
(ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”) ื‘ื–ื”, ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืกื™ืคืจื” ื ืจื˜ื™ื‘
02:10
about how she had Googled to find out
39
130580
2659
ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื ื’ื™ื’ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื
02:13
when Mother's Day was happening.
40
133239
3117
ืžืชื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ืื.
02:16
(Typing) And then once she found out when Mother's Day was happening,
41
136356
4143
(ื”ืงืœื“ื”) ื•ืื– ื›ืฉืžืฆืื” ืžืชื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ืื ืžืชืจื—ืฉ,
02:20
she delivered a special Mother's Day greeting
42
140499
2478
ื”ื™ื ืฉืœื—ื” ื‘ืจื›ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช
02:22
of how much she loved her mom.
43
142977
3627
ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืืช ืื™ืžื”.
02:26
So I really enjoyed looking at these projects
44
146604
2225
ืื– ืื ื™ ืžืžืฉ ื ื”ื ืชื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื”ืืœื”
02:28
and interacting with these projects.
45
148829
1652
ื•ืœืฉื—ืง ืขื ื”ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
02:30
In fact, I liked it so much that, instead of making my own project,
46
150481
3841
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื”ื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ืฉื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ืœืื™ืžื™,
02:34
I sent my mom links to about a dozen of these projects. (Laughter)
47
154322
4754
ืฉืœื—ืชื™ ืœืื™ืžื™ ืœื™ื ืง ืœื‘ืขืจืš ืฉื ื™ื ืขืฉืจ ืžื”ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื”ืืœื”. (ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:39
And actually, she reacted exactly the way that I hoped that she would.
48
159076
3580
ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืงื™ื•ื™ืชื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืชื’ื™ื‘.
02:42
She wrote back to me and she said,
49
162656
1385
ื”ื™ื ื›ืชื‘ื” ืœื™ ื—ื–ืจื” ื•ืืžืจื”,
02:44
"I'm so proud to have a son that created the software
50
164041
3267
"ืื ื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื’ืื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื‘ืŸ ืฉื™ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื”
02:47
that allowed these kids to make Mother's Day cards for their mothers."
51
167308
4112
ืฉืื™ืคืฉืจื” ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืœื™ื•ื ื”ืื ืœืื™ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื."
02:51
So my mom was happy, and that made me happy,
52
171420
3800
ืื– ืื™ืžื™ ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉืžื—ื”, ื•ื–ื” ืขืฉื” ืื•ืชื™ ืฉืžื—,
02:55
but actually I was even happier for another reason.
53
175220
4624
ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉืžื— ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ืื—ืจืช.
02:59
I was happy because these kids were using Scratch
54
179844
3959
ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉืžื— ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ืกืงืจืฅ'
03:03
just in the way that we had hoped that they would.
55
183803
2801
ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืงื™ื•ื•ื™ืชื™ ืฉื™ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื”.
03:06
As they created their interactive Mother's Day cards,
56
186604
2811
ื›ืฉื”ื ื™ืฆืจื• ืืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืื ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื,
03:09
you could see that they were really
57
189415
2281
ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืžืžืฉ
03:11
becoming fluent with new technologies.
58
191696
3312
ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืจื”ื•ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช.
03:15
What do I mean by fluent?
59
195008
1463
ื•ืœืžื” ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื”ื•ื˜ื™ื?
03:16
I mean that they were able to start expressing themselves
60
196471
4032
ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ืชื™ ืฉื”ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืข ืืช ืขืฆืžื
03:20
and to start expressing their ideas.
61
200503
2777
ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืข ืืช ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื.
03:23
When you become fluent with language,
62
203280
2654
ื•ื›ืฉืืชื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจื”ื•ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืฉืคื”,
03:25
it means you can write an entry in your journal
63
205934
3537
ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืคื•ืกื˜ ื‘ื‘ืœื•ื’
03:29
or tell a joke to someone or write a letter to a friend.
64
209471
4053
ืื• ืœืกืคืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื” ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื• ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื›ืชื‘ ืœื—ื‘ืจ.
03:33
And it's similar with new technologies.
65
213524
3157
ื•ื–ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.
03:36
By writing, be creating these interactive Mother's Day cards,
66
216681
4182
ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืื ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•,
03:40
these kids were showing that they were really fluent
67
220863
2530
ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ืจืื• ืฉื”ื ื‘ืืžืช ืจื”ื•ื˜ื™ื
03:43
with new technologies.
68
223393
1673
ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.
03:45
Now maybe you won't be so surprised by this,
69
225066
2765
ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื ืœื ืชื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื•ืคืชืขื™ื ืžื–ื”,
03:47
because a lot of times people feel that
70
227831
2696
ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื
03:50
young people today can do all sorts of things with technology.
71
230527
3400
ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ืžื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
03:53
I mean, all of us have heard young people referred to as "digital natives."
72
233927
4461
ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ, ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฉืžืขื ื• ืฉืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื›"ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ื."
03:58
But actually I'm sort of skeptical about this term.
73
238388
3797
ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืื ื™ ื“ื™ ืกืงืคื˜ื™ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื•ืฉื’.
04:02
I'm not so sure we should be thinking of young people as digital natives.
74
242185
3501
ืื ื™ ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื›ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ื.
04:05
When you really look at it, how is it that young people
75
245686
2553
ื›ืฉืืชื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื”, ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื
04:08
spend most of their time using new technologies?
76
248239
3536
ืžื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื–ืžื ื ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”?
04:11
You often see them in situations like this,
77
251775
3523
ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืชื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื›ืืœื”,
04:15
or like this,
78
255298
2194
ืื• ื›ืืœื”,
04:17
and there's no doubt that young people
79
257492
1518
ื•ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื
04:19
are very comfortable and familiar browsing
80
259010
3316
ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื— ืœื’ืœื•ืฉ
04:22
and chatting and texting and gaming.
81
262326
4522
ื•ืœืฆ'ื˜ื˜ ื•ืœืกืžืก ื•ืœืฉื—ืง.
04:26
But that doesn't really make you fluent.
82
266848
3199
ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื•ืคืš ืื•ืชื ืœืจื”ื•ื˜ื™ื.
04:30
So young people today have lots of experience
83
270047
3959
ืื– ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ
04:34
and lots of familiarity with interacting with new technologies,
84
274006
3795
ื•ื”ื›ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืขื ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช,
04:37
but a lot less so of creating with new technologies
85
277801
3405
ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคื—ื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ืืœื•
04:41
and expressing themselves with new technologies.
86
281206
2972
ื•ื”ื‘ืขื” ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื ืขื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.
04:44
It's almost as if they can read
87
284178
2392
ื–ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื
04:46
but not write with new technologies.
88
286570
3333
ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.
04:49
And I'm really interested in seeing, how can we help young people become fluent
89
289903
3898
ื•ืื ื™ ืžืชืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช, ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืจื”ื•ื˜ื™ื
04:53
so they can write with new technologies?
90
293801
2529
ื›ืš ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืขื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช?
04:56
And that really means that they need to be able to
91
296330
3360
ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื
04:59
write their own computer programs, or code.
92
299690
4512
ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื, ืื• ืงื•ื“.
05:04
So, increasingly, people are starting to recognize
93
304202
2712
ืื–, ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ
05:06
the importance of learning to code.
94
306914
3304
ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœืžื™ื“ืช ืงื•ื“.
05:10
You know, in recent years, there have been
95
310218
2602
ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ื™ื•
05:12
hundreds of new organizations and websites
96
312820
2892
ืžืื•ืช ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืืชืจื™ื
05:15
that are helping young people learn to code.
97
315712
3294
ืฉืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืงื•ื“.
05:19
You look online, you'll see places like Codecademy
98
319006
3591
ืืชื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ื‘ืจืฉืช, ืืชื ืชืจืื• ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืงื•ื“ืืงื“ืžื™
05:22
and events like CoderDojo
99
322597
2371
ื•ืืจื•ืขื™ื ื›ืžื• ืงื•ื“ืจื“ื•ื’'ื•
05:24
and sites like Girls Who Code,
100
324968
2431
ื•ืืชืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืžืงื•ื“ื“ื•ืช,
05:27
or Black Girls Code.
101
327399
1694
ืื• ืงื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉื—ื•ืจื•ืช.
05:29
It seems that everybody is getting into the act.
102
329093
3108
ื ืจืื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœื–ื”.
05:32
You know, just at the beginning of this year,
103
332201
2583
ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืจืง ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื”,
05:34
at the turn of the new year,
104
334784
1365
ืžืžืฉ ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”,
05:36
New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg
105
336149
2660
ืจืืฉ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ืžื™ื™ืงืœ ื‘ืœื•ืžื‘ืจื’
05:38
made a New Year's resolution that he was going to learn
106
338809
2260
ืกื™ืคืจ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉื ื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“
05:41
to code in 2012.
107
341069
2779
ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืงื•ื“ ื‘ 2012.
05:43
A few months later, the country of Estonia decided that
108
343848
3168
ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžื“ื™ื ืช ืืกื˜ื•ื ื™ื” ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื”
05:47
all of its first graders should learn to code.
109
347016
3656
ืฉื›ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื›ื™ืชื” ื' ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืœืชื›ื ืช.
05:50
And that triggered a debate in the U.K.
110
350672
2792
ื•ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื’ืœื™ื”
05:53
about whether all the children there should learn to code.
111
353464
4309
ืขืœ ื”ืื ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืชื›ื ื•ืช.
05:57
Now, for some of you, when you hear about this,
112
357773
2843
ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืœื—ืœืง ืžื›ื, ื›ืฉืืชื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื”,
06:00
it might seem sort of strange about everybody learning to code.
113
360616
3608
ื–ื” ืื•ืœื™ ื™ืจืื” ืžื•ื–ืจ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื™ืœืžื“ื• ืœืชื›ื ืช.
06:04
When many people think of coding, they think of it
114
364224
3150
ื›ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืชื›ื ื•ืช, ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื”
06:07
as something that only a very narrow sub-community
115
367374
3576
ื›ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืจืง ืชืช ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฆืจื”
06:10
of people are going to be doing,
116
370950
2658
ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืชืขืฉื”,
06:13
and they think of coding looking like this.
117
373608
2922
ื•ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืชื›ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืจืื” ื›ื›ื”.
06:16
And in fact, if this is what coding is like,
118
376530
2166
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื ื›ื›ื” ื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ืชื›ื ื•ืช,
06:18
it will only be a narrow sub-community of people
119
378696
2495
ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื™ื” ืจืง ืชืช ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื
06:21
with special mathematical skills and technological background
120
381191
3072
ืขื ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืžืชืžื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ื•ืจืงืข ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™
06:24
that can code.
121
384263
2266
ืฉื™ื›ืœื• ืœืงื•ื“ื“.
06:26
But coding doesn't have to be like this.
122
386529
2500
ืื‘ืœ ืชื›ื ื•ืช ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื–ื”.
06:29
Let me show you about what it's like to code in Scratch.
123
389029
3979
ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืœืงื•ื“ื“ ื‘ืกืงืจืฅ'.
06:33
So in Scratch, to code, you just snap blocks together.
124
393008
4279
ืื– ื‘ืกืงืจืฅ', ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื•ื“ื“, ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœื•ืงื™ื ื™ื—ื“.
06:37
In this case, you take a move block,
125
397287
1915
ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื–ื”, ืืชื ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ื‘ืœื•ืง ื”ื–ื–ื”,
06:39
snap it into a stack,
126
399202
1769
ื•ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœืขืจืžื”,
06:40
and the stacks of blocks control the behaviors
127
400971
2758
ื•ื”ื‘ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืขืจืžืช ื”ื‘ืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ืชื”ื ื”ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช
06:43
of the different characters in your game or your story,
128
403729
3518
ืฉืœ ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง ืื• ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื›ื,
06:47
in this case controlling the big fish.
129
407247
2301
ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื–ื” ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ื“ื’ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
06:49
After you've created your program, you can click on "share,"
130
409548
3451
ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื™ืฆืจืชื ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœื—ื•ืฅ ืขืœ "ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ,"
06:52
and then share your project with other people,
131
412999
3076
ื•ืœืฉืชืฃ ืืช ื”ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ืฉืœื›ื ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื,
06:56
so that they can use the project
132
416075
1823
ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜
06:57
and start working on the project as well.
133
417898
2974
ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื’ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜.
07:00
So, of course, making a fish game isn't the only thing
134
420872
3322
ืื–, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืฉื—ืง ื“ื’ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“
07:04
you can do with Scratch.
135
424194
1645
ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืกืงืจืฅ'.
07:05
Of the millions of projects on the Scratch website,
136
425839
1980
ืžืชื•ืš ืžืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ืกืงืจืฅ',
07:07
there's everything from animated stories
137
427819
2824
ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืœ ืžืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ื ืคืฉื™ื
07:10
to school science projects
138
430643
2416
ืœืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ ืžื“ืข ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ
07:13
to anime soap operas
139
433059
2064
ืœืื•ืคืจื•ืช ืกื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื ื™ืžื”
07:15
to virtual construction kits
140
435123
2322
ืœื›ืœื™ ื‘ื ื™ื” ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืืœื™ื™ื
07:17
to recreations of classic video games
141
437445
2713
ืœื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ื•ื™ื“ืื•
07:20
to political opinion polls
142
440158
2269
ืœืžืฉืืœื™ ื“ืขืช ืงื”ืœ ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื
07:22
to trigonometry tutorials
143
442427
2640
ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื˜ืจื™ื’ื•ื ื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื”
07:25
to interactive artwork, and, yes,
144
445067
2920
ืœืื•ืžื ื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช, ื•ื›ืŸ,
07:27
interactive Mother's Day cards.
145
447987
2784
ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ืื ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื.
07:30
So I think there's so many different ways
146
450771
3036
ืื– ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ืจื›ื™ื
07:33
that people can express themselves using this,
147
453807
3460
ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืข ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืขื ื–ื”,
07:37
to be able to take their ideas and share their ideas with the world.
148
457267
3400
ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื•ืœืฉืชืฃ ืื•ืชื ืขื ื”ืขื•ืœื.
07:40
And it doesn't just stay on the screen.
149
460667
2562
ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ื ืฉืืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืš.
07:43
You can also code to interact with the physical world around you.
150
463229
3767
ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื’ื ืœืชื›ื ืช ืฉื™ืชืžืžืฉืง ืขื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืคื™ืกื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื›ื.
07:46
Here's an example from Hong Kong,
151
466996
2479
ื”ื ื” ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืžื”ื•ื ื’ ืงื•ื ื’,
07:49
where some kids made a game
152
469475
1407
ื‘ื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื™ืื• ืžืฉื—ืง
07:50
and then built their own physical interface device
153
470882
3281
ื•ืื– ื‘ื ื• ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืคื™ืกื™ ืžืฉืœื”ื
07:54
and had a light sensor, so the light sensor
154
474163
2892
ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืจื’ืฉ ืื•ืจ, ื›ืš ืฉื”ืื•ืจ
07:57
detects the hole in the board,
155
477055
1943
ืžื’ืœื” ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืœื•ื—,
07:58
so as they move the physical saw,
156
478998
2200
ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ืžื–ื™ื–ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืกื•ืจ ื”ืคื™ืกื™,
08:01
the light sensor detects the hole
157
481198
2240
ืจื’ืฉ ื”ืื•ืจ ืžื’ืœื” ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืจ
08:03
and controls the virtual saw on the screen
158
483438
2956
ื•ืฉื•ืœื˜ ื‘ืžืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืืœื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืš
08:06
and saws down the tree.
159
486394
2780
ื•ืžื ืกืจ ืืช ื”ืขืฅ.
08:09
We're going to continue to look at new ways
160
489174
2109
ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื—ืคืฉ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช
08:11
of bringing together the physical world and the virtual world
161
491283
3056
ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืคื™ืกื™ ื•ื”ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืืœื™
08:14
and connecting to the world around us.
162
494339
2928
ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื•.
08:17
This is an example from a new version of Scratch
163
497267
2233
ื–ื• ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืžื’ืจืกื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืกืงืจืฅ'
08:19
that we'll be releasing in the next few months,
164
499500
3623
ืฉื ืฉื—ืจืจ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื,
08:23
and we're looking again to be able
165
503123
2050
ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื ืกื™ื ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื
08:25
to push you in new directions.
166
505173
1696
ืœื“ื—ื•ืฃ ืืชื›ื ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื.
08:26
Here's an example.
167
506869
2264
ื”ื ื” ื“ื•ื’ืžื”.
08:29
It uses the webcam.
168
509133
4074
ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉืช ื‘ืžืฆืœืžืช ืจืฉืช.
08:33
And as I move my hand, I can pop the balloons
169
513207
4856
ื•ื›ืฉืืชื ืžื–ื™ื–ื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ื“, ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคื•ืฆืฅ ืืช ื”ื‘ืœื•ื ื™ื
08:38
or I can move the bug.
170
518063
2885
ืื• ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื–ื™ื– ืืช ื”ื—ืจืง.
08:40
So it's a little bit like Microsoft Kinect,
171
520948
2565
ืื– ื–ื” ืงืฆืช ื›ืžื• ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกื•ืคื˜ ืงื™ื ืงื˜,
08:43
where you interact with gestures in the world.
172
523513
2716
ืฉื ืืชื ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืขื ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช.
08:46
But instead of just playing someone else's game,
173
526229
2244
ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืกืชื ืœืฉื—ืง ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ,
08:48
you get to create the games,
174
528473
2242
ืืชื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื,
08:50
and if you see someone else's game,
175
530715
1383
ื•ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืžืฉื—ืง ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ,
08:52
you can just say "see inside,"
176
532098
2640
ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ "ืชืจืื• ื‘ืคื ื™ื,"
08:54
and you can look at the stacks of blocks that control it.
177
534738
2894
ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืขืจืžื•ืช ื”ื‘ืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ื•.
08:57
So there's a new block that says how much video motion there is,
178
537632
3555
ืื– ื™ืฉ ื‘ืœื•ืง ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืื•ืžืจ ื›ืžื” ืชื ื•ืขืช ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื™ืฉ,
09:01
and then, if there's so much video motion,
179
541187
3121
ื•ืื–, ืื ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ืชื ื•ืขืช ื•ื™ื“ืื•,
09:04
it will then tell the balloon to pop.
180
544308
3379
ื”ื•ื ื™ื’ื™ื“ ืœื‘ืœื•ืŸ ืœื”ืชืคื•ืฆืฅ.
09:07
The same way that this uses the camera
181
547687
2384
ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื“ืจืš ืฉื–ื” ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžืฆืœืžื”
09:10
to get information into Scratch,
182
550071
2505
ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืœืชื•ืš ืกืงืจืฅ',
09:12
you can also use the microphone.
183
552576
3007
ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืงืจื•ืคื•ืŸ.
09:15
Here's an example of a project using the microphone.
184
555583
3984
ื”ื ื” ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ืฉืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืงืจื•ืคื•ืŸ.
09:19
So I'm going to let all of you control this game
185
559567
2400
ืื– ืื ื™ ืืชืŸ ืœื›ื ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง ื”ื–ื”
09:21
using your voices.
186
561967
2246
ืขื ืงื•ืœื•ืชื™ื›ื.
09:24
(Crickets chirping) (Shouts) (Chomping)
187
564213
16456
(ืฆืจืฆืจื™ื ืžืฆืจืฆืจื™ื)(ืฆืขืงื•ืช)(ื’ืจื™ืกื”)
09:40
(Laughter)
188
580669
8629
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:49
(Applause)
189
589298
8784
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
09:58
As kids are creating projects like this,
190
598082
2605
ื›ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื›ืืœื”,
10:00
they're learning to code,
191
600687
2265
ื”ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืชื›ื ืช,
10:02
but even more importantly, they're coding to learn.
192
602952
3934
ืื‘ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘, ื”ื ืžืงื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“.
10:06
Because as they learn to code,
193
606886
2289
ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื›ืฉื”ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืชื›ื ืช,
10:09
it enables them to learn many other things,
194
609175
3320
ื–ื” ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื,
10:12
opens up many new opportunities for learning.
195
612495
2872
ื–ื” ืคื•ืชื— ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืœืœืžื™ื“ื”.
10:15
Again, it's useful to make an analogy to reading and writing.
196
615367
4384
ืฉื•ื‘, ื–ื” ื™ืขื™ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืœืงืจื™ืื” ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”.
10:19
When you learn to read and write, it opens up
197
619751
2940
ื›ืฉืืชื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ื•ืœื›ืชื•ื‘, ื–ื” ืคื•ืชื—
10:22
opportunities for you to learn so many other things.
198
622691
3060
ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
10:25
When you learn to read, you can then read to learn.
199
625751
3760
ื›ืฉืืชื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“.
10:29
And it's the same thing with coding.
200
629511
2188
ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืชื›ื ื•ืช.
10:31
If you learn to code, you can code to learn.
201
631699
2547
ืื ืืชื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืชื›ื ืช, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชื›ื ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“.
10:34
Now some of the things you can learn are sort of obvious.
202
634246
2554
ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืžื” ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื.
10:36
You learn more about how computers work.
203
636800
2498
ืืชื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื.
10:39
But that's just where it starts.
204
639298
2318
ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืจืง ืื™ืคื” ืฉื–ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ.
10:41
When you learn to code, it opens up for you to learn
205
641616
2595
ื›ืฉืืชื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืชื›ื ืช, ื–ื” ืคื•ืชื— ืœื›ื ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืœืžื•ื“
10:44
many other things.
206
644211
2245
ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
10:46
Let me show you an example.
207
646456
2346
ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ื“ื•ื’ืžื”.
10:48
Here's another project,
208
648802
2270
ื”ื ื” ืขื•ื“ ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜,
10:51
and I saw this when I was visiting
209
651072
2268
ื•ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืฉื‘ื™ืงืจืชื™
10:53
one of the computer clubhouses.
210
653340
2142
ืืช ืื—ื“ ืžืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื.
10:55
These are after-school learning centers that we helped start
211
655482
3020
ืืœื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืœืžื™ื“ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉืขื–ืจื ื• ืœื”ืงื™ื
10:58
that help young people from low-income communities
212
658502
2762
ืฉืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืžืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืขื ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื ืžื•ื›ื”
11:01
learn to express themselves creatively with new technologies.
213
661264
4079
ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืข ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ืช ืขื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.
11:05
And when I went to one of the clubhouses a couple years ago,
214
665343
2795
ื•ื›ืฉื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืื—ื“ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื,
11:08
I saw a 13-year-old boy who was using our Scratch software
215
668138
3725
ืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ืŸ 13 ืฉื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ืช ืกืงืจืฅ'
11:11
to create a game somewhat like this one,
216
671863
2896
ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืฉื—ืง ืฉื“ื•ืžื” ืงืฆืช ืœื–ื”,
11:14
and he was very happy with his game and proud of his game,
217
674759
2923
ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ืžืจื•ืฆื” ืžื”ืžืฉื—ืง ืฉืœื• ื•ื’ืื” ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง ืฉืœื•,
11:17
but also he wanted to do more.
218
677682
2965
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืจืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ.
11:20
He wanted to keep score.
219
680647
2304
ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช.
11:22
So this was a game where the big fish eats the little fish,
220
682951
3076
ืื– ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื—ืง ื‘ื• ื“ื’ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ื“ื’ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื,
11:26
but he wanted to keep score, so that each time
221
686027
2927
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื”, ื›ืš ืฉื›ืœ ืคืขื
11:28
the big fish eats the little fish,
222
688954
3378
ืฉื“ื’ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืื•ื›ืœ ื“ื’ ืงื˜ืŸ,
11:32
the score would go up and it would keep track,
223
692332
2539
ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืชืขืœื” ื•ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ื™ืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ื”,
11:34
and he didn't know how to do that.
224
694871
2512
ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”.
11:37
So I showed him.
225
697383
2265
ืื– ื”ืจืืชื™ ืœื•.
11:39
In Scratch, you can create something called a variable.
226
699648
3577
ื‘ืกืงืจืฅ', ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื ืงืจื ืžืฉืชื ื”.
11:43
I'll call it score.
227
703225
4127
ืื ื™ ืืงืจื ืœื–ื” ืชื•ืฆืื”.
11:47
And that creates some new blocks for you,
228
707352
2831
ื•ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฆืจ ื›ืžื” ื‘ืœื•ืงื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื,
11:50
and also creates a little scoreboard that keeps track of the score,
229
710183
4666
ื•ื’ื ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืœื•ื— ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืขื•ืงื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื”,
11:54
so each time I click on "change score," it increments the score.
230
714849
5252
ื›ืš ืฉื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืื ื™ ืœื•ื—ืฅ ืขืœ "ืฉื ื” ืชื•ืฆืื”," ื–ื” ืžืขืœื” ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื”.
12:00
So I showed this to the clubhouse member --
231
720101
2525
ืื– ื”ืจืืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ --
12:02
let's call him Victor -- and Victor,
232
722626
2701
ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืงืจื ืœื• ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจ -- ื•ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจ,
12:05
when he saw that this block would let him increment the score,
233
725327
2802
ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื‘ืœื•ืง ื”ื–ื” ื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื”,
12:08
he knew exactly what to do.
234
728129
1816
ื”ื•ื ื™ื“ืข ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
12:09
He took the block
235
729945
2314
ื”ื•ื ืœืงื— ืืช ื”ื‘ืœื•ืง
12:12
and he put it into the program
236
732259
3044
ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืื•ืชื• ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช
12:15
exactly where the big fish eats the little fish.
237
735303
4193
ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืื™ืคื” ืฉื”ื“ื’ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืื•ื›ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ื’ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ.
12:19
So then, each time the big fish eats the little fish,
238
739496
5023
ื•ืื–, ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื”ื“ื’ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืื›ืœ ืืช ื”ื“ื’ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ,
12:24
he will increment the score, and the score will go up by one.
239
744519
5995
ื”ื•ื ื”ืขืœื” ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื”, ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืขืœืชื” ื‘ืื—ื“.
12:30
And it's in fact working.
240
750514
1697
ื•ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืœืžืขืฉื”.
12:32
And he saw this, and he was so excited,
241
752211
2254
ื•ื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืืช ื–ื”, ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืชืœื”ื‘,
12:34
he reached his hand out to me,
242
754465
1679
ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืฉื™ื˜ ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื™ื“,
12:36
and he said, "Thank you, thank you, thank you."
243
756144
2549
ื•ืืžืจ, "ืชื•ื“ื”, ืชื•ื“ื”,ืชื•ื“ื”."
12:38
And what went through my mind was,
244
758693
2069
ื•ืžื” ืฉืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ื™ื”,
12:40
how often is it that teachers are thanked by their students
245
760762
3042
ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืœืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ื
12:43
for teaching them variables? (Laughter)
246
763804
3403
ืขืœ ืฉืœื™ืžื“ื• ืื•ืชื ืžืฉืชื ื™ื? (ืฆื—ื•ืง)
12:47
It doesn't happen in most classrooms,
247
767207
2481
ื–ื” ืœื ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื›ื™ืชื•ืช,
12:49
but that's because in most classrooms, when kids learn about variables,
248
769688
2959
ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื›ื™ืชื•ืช, ื›ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฉืชื ื™ื,
12:52
they don't know why they're learning it.
249
772647
2508
ื”ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืžื” ื”ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืืช ื–ื”.
12:55
It's nothing that, really, they can make use of.
250
775155
2871
ื–ื” ืœื ืžืฉื”ื•, ื‘ืืžืช, ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื•.
12:58
When you learn ideas like this in Scratch,
251
778026
2162
ื›ืฉืืชื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื–ื” ื‘ืกืงืจืฅ',
13:00
you can learn it in a way that's really meaningful and motivating for you,
252
780188
4103
ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื•ื ื•ืชื ืช ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื”,
13:04
that you can understand the reason for learning variables,
253
784291
2990
ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžืฉืชื ื™ื,
13:07
and we see that kids learn it more deeply
254
787281
2042
ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขื•ืžืง
13:09
and learn it better.
255
789323
1415
ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
13:10
Victor had, I'm sure, been taught about variables in schools,
256
790738
3041
ืืช ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืœื™ืžื“ื•, ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื—, ืขืœ ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ,
13:13
but he really didn't -- he wasn't paying attention.
257
793779
2188
ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ืืžืช -- ื”ื•ื ืœื ืฉื ืœื‘.
13:15
Now he had a reason for learning variables.
258
795967
2283
ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื• ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืฉืชื ื™ื.
13:18
So when you learn through coding, and coding to learn,
259
798250
3074
ืื– ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืœืžื“ ื“ืจืš ืงื•ื“, ื•ืงื™ื“ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“,
13:21
you're learning it in a meaningful context, and that's the best way of learning things.
260
801324
4884
ืืชื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ืขื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช, ื•ื–ื• ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“.
13:26
So as kids like Victor are creating projects like this,
261
806208
3455
ืื– ื›ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจ ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื–ื”,
13:29
they're learning important concepts like variables,
262
809663
2784
ื”ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืงื•ื ืกืคื˜ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืžืฉืชื ื™ื,
13:32
but that's just the start.
263
812447
2128
ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ืจืง ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”.
13:34
As Victor worked on this project and created the scripts,
264
814575
3850
ื›ืฉื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืขื‘ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ืฉืœื• ื•ื™ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืชืกืจื™ื˜ื™ื,
13:38
he was also learning about the process of design,
265
818425
3252
ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘,
13:41
how to start with the glimmer of an idea
266
821677
2619
ืื™ืš ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืขื ืฉื‘ื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ
13:44
and turn it into a fully-fledged, functioning project
267
824296
2906
ื•ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื• ืœืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ืžืœื ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“
13:47
like you see here.
268
827202
2507
ื›ืžื• ื–ื” ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื›ืืŸ.
13:49
So he was learning many different core principles of design,
269
829709
4040
ืื– ื”ื•ื ืœืžื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘,
13:53
about how to experiment with new ideas,
270
833749
3242
ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืœื ืกื•ืช ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื,
13:56
how to take complex ideas and break them down into simpler parts,
271
836991
4705
ืื™ืš ืœืงื—ืช ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœื—ืœืง ืื•ืชื ืœื—ืœืงื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ,
14:01
how to collaborate with other people on your projects,
272
841696
2990
ืื™ืš ืœืฉืชืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื,
14:04
about how to find and fix bugs when things go wrong,
273
844686
3451
ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืœืžืฆื•ื ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ื‘ืื’ื™ื ื›ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื,
14:08
how to keep persistent and to persevere
274
848137
3054
ืื™ืš ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืขืžื•ื“
14:11
in the face of frustrations when things aren't working well.
275
851191
3405
ื‘ืคื ื™ ืชื™ืกื›ื•ืœ ื›ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘.
14:14
Now those are important skills
276
854596
1773
ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืืœื” ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื
14:16
that aren't just relevant for coding.
277
856369
2868
ืฉืœื ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืจืง ืœืงื•ื“.
14:19
They're relevant for all sorts of different activities.
278
859237
2827
ื”ื ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
14:22
Now, who knows if Victor is going to grow up and become
279
862064
3168
ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืžื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจ ื™ื’ื“ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
14:25
a programmer or a professional computer scientist?
280
865232
2924
ืžืชื›ื ืช ืื• ืžื“ืขืŸ ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™?
14:28
It's probably not so likely,
281
868156
1812
ื–ื” ื›ื ืจืื” ืœื ืกื‘ื™ืจ,
14:29
but regardless of what he does,
282
869968
1788
ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ ืœืžื” ื”ื•ื ื™ืขืฉื”,
14:31
he'll be able to make use of these design skills that he learned.
283
871756
3704
ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœืžื“.
14:35
Regardless of whether he grows up to be a marketing manager
284
875460
2584
ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ ืœืื ื™ื’ื“ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื ื”ืœ ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง
14:38
or a mechanic or a community organizer,
285
878044
3120
ืื• ืžื›ื•ื ืื™ ืื• ืžืืจื’ืŸ ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™,
14:41
that these ideas are useful for everybody.
286
881164
2456
ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื™ื ืœื›ื•ืœื.
14:43
Again, it's useful to think about this analogy with language.
287
883620
3922
ื•ืฉื•ื‘, ื–ื” ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืื ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคื”.
14:47
When you become fluent with reading and writing,
288
887542
4356
ื›ืฉืืชื ืจื”ื•ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื™ืื” ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”,
14:51
it's not something that you're doing
289
891898
2441
ื–ื” ืœื ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื
14:54
just to become a professional writer.
290
894339
1960
ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™.
14:56
Very few people become professional writers.
291
896299
2697
ืžืขื˜ ืžืื•ื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื.
14:58
But it's useful for everybody to learn how to read and write.
292
898996
3568
ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ืœื›ื•ืœื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื™ืš ืœืงืจื•ื ื•ืœื›ืชื•ื‘.
15:02
Again, the same thing with coding.
293
902564
2095
ืฉื•ื‘, ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืชื›ื ื•ืช.
15:04
Most people won't grow up to become professional
294
904659
2222
ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ื™ื’ื“ืœื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
15:06
computer scientists or programmers,
295
906881
3219
ืžื“ืขื ื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ืื• ืžืชื›ื ืชื™ื,
15:10
but those skills of thinking creatively,
296
910100
2338
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ืช,
15:12
reasoning systematically, working collaboratively --
297
912438
2514
ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™, ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” --
15:14
skills you develop when you code in Scratch --
298
914952
2710
ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉืืชื ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ื›ืฉืืชื ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ื‘ืกืงืจืฅ' --
15:17
are things that people can use no matter what they're doing in their work lives.
299
917662
4822
ื”ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืžื” ื™ืขื‘ื“ื•.
15:22
And it's not just about your work life.
300
922484
2376
ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื›ื.
15:24
Coding can also enable you to
301
924860
2720
ืชื›ื ื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื’ื ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ื
15:27
express your ideas and feelings in your personal life.
302
927580
3176
ืœื”ื‘ื™ืข ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื ื•ื”ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื.
15:30
Let me end with just one more example.
303
930756
2673
ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœืกื™ื™ื ืขื ืจืง ืขื•ื“ ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืื—ืช.
15:33
So this is an example that came from
304
933429
3127
ืื– ื–ื• ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื”
15:36
after I had sent the Mother's Day cards to my mom,
305
936556
4468
ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืฉืœื—ืชื™ ืืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื™ื•ื ื”ืื ืœืื™ืžื™,
15:41
she decided that she wanted to learn Scratch.
306
941024
3101
ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืกืงืจืฅ'.
15:44
So she made this project for my birthday
307
944125
3031
ืื– ื”ื™ื ืขืฉืชื” ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ืœื™ื•ื ื”ื•ืœื“ืชื™
15:47
and sent me a happy birthday Scratch card.
308
947156
3576
ื•ืฉืœื—ื” ืœื™ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ืฉืœ ืกืงืจืฅ'.
15:50
Now this project is not going to win any prizes for design,
309
950732
3856
ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ื”ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืืฃ ืคืจืก ืขืœ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘,
15:54
and you can rest assured that my 83-year-old mom
310
954588
2975
ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืื™ืžื™ ื‘ืช ื” 83
15:57
is not training to become a professional programmer or computer scientist.
311
957563
4237
ืœื ืžืชืืžื ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื›ื ืชืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืื• ืžื“ืขื ื™ืช ืžื—ืฉื‘.
16:01
But working on this project enabled her
312
961800
2972
ืื‘ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ื”ื–ื” ืื™ืคืฉืจื” ืœื”
16:04
to make a connection to someone that she cares about
313
964772
2666
ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืื›ืคืช ืœื” ืžืžื ื•
16:07
and enabled her to keep on learning new things
314
967438
2808
ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืœื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
16:10
and continuing to practice her creativity
315
970246
2432
ื•ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืชืจื’ืœ ืืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”
16:12
and developing new ways of expressing herself.
316
972678
3175
ื•ืœืคืชื— ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื‘ื™ืข ืืช ืขืฆืžื”.
16:15
So as we take a look and we see that
317
975853
4211
ืื– ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื™ื ื•ืจื•ืื™ื
16:20
Michael Bloomberg is learning to code,
318
980064
2564
ืฉืžื™ื™ืงืœ ื‘ืœื•ืžื‘ืจื’ ืœื•ืžื“ ืœืชื›ื ืช,
16:22
all of the children of Estonia learn to code,
319
982628
2650
ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืืกื˜ื•ื ื™ื” ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืชื›ื ืช,
16:25
even my mom has learned to code,
320
985278
2200
ืืคื™ืœื• ืืžื ืฉืœื™ ืœืžื“ื” ืœืชื›ื ืช,
16:27
don't you think it's about time that you might be
321
987478
1772
ืืชื ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืืชื
16:29
thinking about learning to code?
322
989250
1912
ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืชื›ื ื•ืช?
16:31
If you're interested in giving it a try,
323
991162
2193
ืื ืืชื ืžืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื ืกื•ืช,
16:33
I'd encourage you to go to the Scratch website.
324
993355
2436
ืื ื™ ืืขื•ื“ื“ ืืชื›ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœืืชืจ ืกืงืจืฅ'.
16:35
It's scratch.mit.edu,
325
995791
2025
ื–ื” scratch.mit.edu,
16:37
and give a try at coding.
326
997816
1822
ืœื ืกื•ืช ืชื›ื ื•ืช.
16:39
Thanks very much. (Applause)
327
999638
4118
ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื. (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7