How to practice safe sexting | Amy Adele Hasinoff

154,206 views ใƒป 2017-03-16

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Shlomo Adam ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
People have been using media to talk about sex for a long time.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืกืงืก.
00:17
Love letters, phone sex, racy Polaroids.
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ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื”ื‘ื”, ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืกืงืก, ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื ื•ืขื–ื•ืช.
00:21
There's even a story of a girl who eloped with a man that she met over the telegraph
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ื™ืฉ ืืคื™ืœื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื ืขืจื” ืฉื‘ืจื—ื”
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื ืฉื ืœื’ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื›ื™ืจื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื˜ืœื’ืจืฃ
00:27
in 1886.
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ื‘-1886.
00:30
Today we have sexting, and I am a sexting expert.
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ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’, ืžืกืจื™ื ืžื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ืื ื™ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ืช ืœืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’,
00:35
Not an expert sexter.
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ืœื ืกืงืกื˜ื™ืช ืžื•ืžื—ื™ืช.
00:38
Though, I do know what this means -- I think you do too.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืžื” ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื•ืœื“ืขืชื™, ื’ื ืืชื --
00:42
[it's a penis]
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[ื–ื” ืคื™ืŸ]
00:44
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:48
I have been studying sexting since the media attention to it began in 2008.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืงืจืช ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืžืื– ืฉื”ืžื“ื™ื” ื–ื™ื”ืชื” ืื•ืชื” ื‘-2008.
00:54
I wrote a book on the moral panic about sexting.
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ื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื”ืœื” ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’.
00:57
And here's what I found:
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™:
00:59
most people are worrying about the wrong thing.
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื“ืื’ื™ื ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืœื-ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
01:02
They're trying to just prevent sexting from happening entirely.
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ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืจืง ืœืžื ื•ืข ืฉื”ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื™ืชืงื™ื™ื.
01:06
But let me ask you this:
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ื“ืขืชื›ื:
01:08
As long as it's completely consensual, what's the problem with sexting?
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ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื–ื” ื ืขืฉื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื”, ืžื” ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืขื ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’?
01:13
People are into all sorts of things that you may not be into,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืชื›ื,
01:17
like blue cheese or cilantro.
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ื›ืžื• ื’ื‘ื™ื ื•ืช ื›ื—ื•ืœื•ืช ืื• ื›ื•ืกื‘ืจื”.
01:19
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:22
Sexting is certainly risky, like anything that's fun,
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ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืกื›ื ื” ื‘ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’, ื›ืžื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื”ื ื”,
01:26
but as long as you're not sending an image to someone who doesn't want to receive it,
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ืื‘ืœ... (ืฆื—ื•ืง)
...ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืœื ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ืชืžื•ื ื” ืœืžื™ ืฉืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื•ืชื”,
01:33
there's no harm.
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ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื ื–ืง.
01:35
What I do think is a serious problem
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ืžื” ืฉืœื“ืขืชื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื™ื” ื—ืžื•ืจื”,
01:37
is when people share private images of others
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ื”ื•ื ื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืžืขืœื™ื ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื™ื
01:41
without their permission.
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื”ื ืจืฉื•ืช.
01:43
And instead of worrying about sexting,
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ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื“ืื•ื’ ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’,
01:45
what I think we need to do is think a lot more about digital privacy.
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ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื ืงื“ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืœืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช.
01:50
The key is consent.
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ืžื™ืœืช ื”ืžืคืชื— ื”ื™ื "ื”ืกื›ืžื”".
01:53
Right now most people are thinking about sexting
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ื›ื™ื•ื, ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’
01:56
without really thinking about consent at all.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืฉื•ื ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื”.
02:00
Did you know that we currently criminalize teen sexting?
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ื”ืื ื™ื“ืขืชื ืฉืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืฉืœ ื ื•ืขืจ ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืคืœื™ืœื™?
02:05
It can be a crime because it counts as child pornography,
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ื–ื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคืฉืข,
ื›ื™ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืฉื’ื™ืœื• ื ืžื•ืš ืž-18 ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืœืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื™ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื,
02:08
if there's an image of someone under 18,
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02:11
and it doesn't even matter
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืžืฉื ื”
02:12
if they took that image of themselves and shared it willingly.
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ืื ื”ืื“ื ืฆื™ืœื ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื”ืขืœื” ืืช ื–ื” ืžืจืฆื•ื ื• ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™.
02:17
So we end up with this bizarre legal situation
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžืฆื‘ ื—ื•ืงื™ ืžืฉื•ื ื”:
02:20
where two 17-year-olds can legally have sex in most US states
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ืฉื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ 17 ืจืฉืื™ื ืœืงื™ื™ื ื™ื—ืกื™ ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืืจื”"ื‘
02:25
but they can't photograph it.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ื ืœืฆืœื ืืช ื–ื”.
02:28
Some states have also tried passing sexting misdemeanor laws
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ื™ืฉ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืกื• ื’ื ืœื—ื•ืงืง ื—ื•ืงื™ ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’
02:32
but these laws repeat the same problem
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ืื‘ืœ ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืืœื” ืžื ืฆื™ื—ื™ื ืืช ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ื”,
02:35
because they still make consensual sexting illegal.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืคืœื™ืœื™.
02:40
It doesn't make sense
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ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ
02:41
to try to ban all sexting to try to address privacy violations.
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ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”ืคืจื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช.
02:46
This is kind of like saying,
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ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืœื”ื’ื™ื“,
02:47
let's solve the problem of date rape by just making dating completely illegal.
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"ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ืื•ื ืก ื‘ื“ื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื ืืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ื“ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ."
02:54
Most teens don't get arrested for sexting, but can you guess who does?
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ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ืœื ื ืขืฆืจื™ื ืขืœ ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’, ืื‘ืœ ืžื™ ืœื“ืขืชื›ื ื›ืŸ ื ืขืฆืจื™ื?
03:00
It's often teens who are disliked by their partner's parents.
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ื‘ื“"ื› ื‘ื ื™-ื ื•ืขืจ ืฉืœื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ื—ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืŸ ืื• ื‘ืช ื”ื–ื•ื’,
03:05
And this can be because of class bias, racism or homophobia.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื˜ื™ื” ืžืขืžื“ื™ืช, ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ืื• ื”ื•ืžื•ืคื•ื‘ื™ื”.
03:10
Most prosecutors are, of course, smart enough
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ืจื•ื‘ ืžื’ื™ืฉื™ ื”ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง
03:13
not to use child pornography charges against teenagers, but some do.
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ืœื ืœืชื‘ื•ืข ื ื•ืขืจ ืขืœ ืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื™ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ื›ืืœื” ืฉื›ืŸ.
03:19
According to researchers at the University of New Hampshire
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ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื ื™ื•-ื”ืžืคืฉื™ื™ืจ
03:23
seven percent of all child pornography possession arrests are teens,
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7% ืžื›ืœ ื”ืžืขืฆืจื™ื ืขืœ ืื—ื–ืงืช ืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื™ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื ื‘ื ื™-ื ื•ืขืจ,
03:28
sexting consensually with other teens.
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ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื” ืขื ื‘ื ื™-ื ื•ืขืจ ืื—ืจื™ื.
03:33
Child pornography is a serious crime,
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ืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื™ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื ืคืฉืข ื—ืžื•ืจ,
03:35
but it's just not the same thing as teen sexting.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืœื ื–ื”ื” ืœืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืืฆืœ ื‘ื ื™-ื ื•ืขืจ.
03:40
Parents and educators are also responding to sexting
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ื’ื ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžื—ื ื›ื™ื ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’
03:44
without really thinking too much about consent.
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืžืžืฉื™ืช ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื”.
03:47
Their message to teens is often: just don't do it.
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ื‘ื“"ื›, ื”ืžืกืจ ืฉืœื”ื ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ื”ื•ื: ืืœ ืชืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื”.
03:52
And I totally get it -- there are serious legal risks
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ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืžื‘ื™ื ื” ืืช ื–ื”: ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื
03:55
and of course, that potential for privacy violations.
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื™ืฉื ื” ื’ื ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืคืจืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช.
03:59
And when you were a teen,
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื ื‘ื ื™-ื ื•ืขืจ,
04:00
I'm sure you did exactly as you were told, right?
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ืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื ืžื” ืฉืืžืจื• ืœื›ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:05
You're probably thinking, my kid would never sext.
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ืืชื ื•ื“ืื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื, "ืื™ืŸ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ ืฉืœื™ ื™ืฉืœื— ืกืงืกื˜."
04:08
And that's true, your little angel may not be sexting
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ื•ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื—ื•ืžื“ ืฉืœื›ื ืœื ื™ืชืขืกืง ื‘ืกืงืกื˜,
04:12
because only 33 percent
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ื›ื™ ืจืง 33% ืžื‘ื ื™ ื”-16 ื•ื”-17 ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’.
04:15
of 16- and 17-year-olds are sexting.
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04:19
But, sorry, by the time they're older, odds are they will be sexting.
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ืœืฆืขืจื™, ื›ืฉื”ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื”ื ื™ืขืฉื• ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’.
04:23
Every study I've seen puts the rate above 50 percent for 18- to 24-year-olds.
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ื›ืœ ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืžื“ืจื’ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-50% ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื”-18 ืขื“ 24.
04:30
And most of the time, nothing goes wrong.
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ื•ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
04:33
People ask me all the time things like, isn't sexting just so dangerous, though?
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืื•ืชื™, "ืื‘ืœ ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ, ืœื?
04:39
It's like you wouldn't leave your wallet on a park bench
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"ื”ืจื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืช ืžืฉืื™ืจื” ืืจื ืง ืขืœ ืกืคืกืœ ื‘ืคืืจืง
04:42
and you expect it's going to get stolen if you do that, right?
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"ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื™ื’ื ื‘ื• ืื•ืชื•, ืœื?"
04:46
Here's how I think about it:
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ืื– ื›ื›ื” ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื–ื”:
04:48
sexting is like leaving your wallet at your boyfriend's house.
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ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ื–ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉืชืฉืื™ืจื™ ืืช ื”ืืจื ืง ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืœืš.
04:52
If you come back the next day
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ืื ืืช ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืœืžื—ืจืช
04:53
and all the money is just gone,
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ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืื™ื ื ื•,
04:56
you really need to dump that guy.
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ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืš ืžืื“ ืœื”ื™ืคื˜ืจ ืžื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจ.
04:59
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:03
So instead of criminalizing sexting
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ืื– ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืคืœื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’
05:05
to try to prevent these privacy violations,
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ื‘ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื”ืคืจื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืœื”,
05:08
instead we need to make consent central
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ื›ื“ืื™ ืฉื ืขืžื™ื“ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืืช ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื”
05:11
to how we think about the circulation of our private information.
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ื›ืฉืื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืชื ื•ืขื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœื ื•.
05:16
Every new media technology raises privacy concerns.
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ื›ืœ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ืžื“ื™ื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืžืขืœื” ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช.
05:20
In fact, in the US the very first major debates about privacy
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ื•ื•ื™ื›ื•ื—ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช
05:25
were in response to technologies that were relatively new at the time.
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ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืœื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืื– ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ืช.
05:29
In the late 1800s, people were worried about cameras,
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ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืžืื” ื”-19 ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื“ืื’ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช,
05:33
which were just suddenly more portable than ever before,
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ืฉื”ืคื›ื• ืœืคืชืข ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ืœื˜ืœื˜ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชืžื™ื“,
05:37
and newspaper gossip columns.
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ื•ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื˜ื•ืจื™ ืจื›ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ื ื™ื.
05:39
They were worried that the camera would capture information about them,
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ื”ื ื“ืื’ื• ืฉืžื ื”ืžืฆืœืžื” ืชืœื›ื•ื“ ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืงืฉื•ืจ ืืœื™ื”ื,
05:43
take it out of context and widely disseminate it.
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ืชื•ืฆื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืžื”ืงืฉืจื• ื•ืชืคื™ืฅ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื.
05:47
Does this sound familiar?
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ื ืฉืžืข ืžื•ื›ืจ?
05:48
It's exactly what we're worrying about now with social media and drone cameras,
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ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืฉืžื“ืื™ื’ ืื•ืชื ื• ื›ื™ื•ื, ืขื ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช ืจื—ืคืŸ,
05:53
and, of course, sexting.
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ื•ื’ื ื”ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ.
05:55
And these fears about technology,
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ื•ื‘ื—ืฉืฉื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื™ืฉ ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ,
05:57
they make sense
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05:59
because technologies can amplify and bring out
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ื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืขืฆื™ื ื•ืœื”ื‘ืœื™ื˜
06:02
our worst qualities and behaviors.
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ืืช ื”ื›ื™ ืจืข ื‘ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื•ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื ื•.
06:05
But there are solutions.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช.
06:08
And we've been here before with a dangerous new technology.
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ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืžืฆืื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื”, ืขื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื•ืžืกื•ื›ื ืช,
06:12
In 1908, Ford introduced the Model T car.
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ื‘-1908, ื›ืฉืคื•ืจื“ ื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื• ืžื“ื’ื ื˜ื™.
06:16
Traffic fatality rates were rising.
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ื”ื™ืชื” ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืจื•ื’ื™ ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื.
06:18
It was a serious problem -- it looks so safe, right?
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ื–ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ื” ื—ืžื•ืจื”-- ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืžืžืฉ ื‘ื˜ื•ื—, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
06:23
Our first response was to try to change drivers' behavior,
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ืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื ื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื ื”ื’,
06:27
so we developed speed limits and enforced them through fines.
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ืื– ื ื™ืกื—ื ื• ื”ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืื›ืคื ื• ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืงื ืกื•ืช.
06:32
But over the following decades,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื
06:33
we started to realize the technology of the car itself is not just neutral.
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ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื›ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื.
06:39
We could design the car to make it safer.
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื›ืš ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
06:42
So in the 1920s, we got shatter-resistant windshields.
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ืื– ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-20 ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื” ื”-20 ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืžื’ื™ื ื™-ืจื•ื— ื—ืกื™ื ื™ ื”ืชืจืกืงื•ืช.
06:46
In the 1950s, seat belts.
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ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-50 - ื—ื’ื•ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืฉื‘.
06:48
And in the 1990s, airbags.
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ื•ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-90 - ื›ืจื™ื•ืช ืื•ื•ื™ืจ.
06:52
All three of these areas:
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ื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืืœื”:
06:54
laws, individuals and industry came together over time
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ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื, ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื—ื‘ืจื• ืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ
06:59
to help solve the problem that a new technology causes.
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ื•ืขื–ืจื• ื‘ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”.
07:03
And we can do the same thing with digital privacy.
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื’ื ืขื ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช.
07:06
Of course, it comes back to consent.
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ื•ื–ื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื”.
07:10
Here's the idea.
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื–ื”:
07:11
Before anyone can distribute your private information,
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืคื™ืฅ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœื›ื,
07:15
they should have to get your permission.
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ืขืœื™ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืจืฉื•ืชื›ื.
07:18
This idea of affirmative consent comes from anti-rape activists
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ืฉืœ ื”ืกื›ืžื”, ืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื ื’ื“ ืื•ื ืก
07:22
who tell us that we need consent for every sexual act.
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ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ืกื›ืžื” ืœื›ืœ ืืงื˜ ืžื™ื ื™.
07:26
And we have really high standards for consent in a lot of other areas.
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ื•ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืกื›ืžื”.
07:31
Think about having surgery.
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ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื ื™ืชื•ื—.
07:33
Your doctor has to make sure
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ื”ืจื•ืคื ืฉืœื›ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื•ื•ื“ื
07:34
that you are meaningfully and knowingly consenting to that medical procedure.
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ืฉื”ืกื›ืžืชื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื” ืฆืœื•ืœื” ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ืŸ ืœื”ืœื™ืš ืจืคื•ืื™ ื–ื”.
07:39
This is not the type of consent like with an iTunes Terms of Service
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ื–ื” ืœื ื›ืžื• ื”ืกื›ืžื” ืœืชื ืื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ "ืื™ื™-ื˜ื™ื•ื ืก"
07:43
where you just scroll to the bottom and you're like, agree, agree, whatever.
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ื›ืฉืžื’ืœื’ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืกืš ืขื“ ืœืžื˜ื” ื•ืžืกืžื ื™ื "ืžืกื›ื™ื", "ืžืกื›ื™ื"; ืฉื™ื”ื™ื”.
07:46
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:48
If we think more about consent, we can have better privacy laws.
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ืื ื ืงื“ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืœื”ืกื›ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ื—ื•ืงื™ ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
07:54
Right now, we just don't have that many protections.
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ื›ืจื’ืข, ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ืžื™-ื™ื•ื“ืข-ืื™ื–ื” ื”ื’ื ื•ืช.
07:57
If your ex-husband or your ex-wife is a terrible person,
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ืื ื‘ืขืœืš ืื• ืืฉืชืš ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ื”ื ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ืื™ื•ืžื™ื,
08:01
they can take your nude photos and upload them to a porn site.
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ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ืฉืœืš ืœืืชืจ ืคื•ืจื ื•.
08:05
It can be really hard to get those images taken down.
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ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื” ืžืื“ ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
08:08
And in a lot of states,
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ื•ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช,
08:10
you're actually better off if you took the images of yourself
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ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื›ื ืžืื“ ืœืฆืœื ืืช ืขืฆืžื›ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื›ื
08:13
because then you can file a copyright claim.
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ื›ื™ ืื– ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืชื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืจืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื.
08:17
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:19
Right now, if someone violates your privacy,
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ื›ื™ื•ื, ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืชื›ื,
08:22
whether that's an individual or a company or the NSA,
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื“ื ื™ื—ื™ื“, ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื• ื‘ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืœื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™,
08:27
you can try filing a lawsuit,
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืชื‘ื™ืขื”,
08:29
though you may not be successful
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืœื ืชื–ื›ื• ื‘ื”,
08:32
because many courts assume that digital privacy is just impossible.
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ื›ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ืžืฉืคื˜ ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื™ื ื ื” ืืคืฉืจื™ืช.
08:36
So they're not willing to punish anyone for violating it.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ื ื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื”ืขื ื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืชื”.
08:41
I still hear people asking me all the time,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
08:43
isn't a digital image somehow blurring the line between public and private
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"ื”ืื ืชืžื•ื ื” ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช ืœื ืžื˜ืฉื˜ืฉืช ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืœืคืจื˜ื™
08:49
because it's digital, right?
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"ืฉื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช, ื›ืŸ?"
08:51
No! No!
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ืœื! ืœื!
08:52
Everything digital is not just automatically public.
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ืœื ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ ื”ื•ืคืš ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™.
08:56
That doesn't make any sense.
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ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื•ื ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ.
08:58
As NYU legal scholar Helen Nissenbaum tells us,
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื•ืžืจืช ืœื ื• ื”ื—ื•ืงืจืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ื”ืœืŸ ื ื™ืกื ื‘ืื•ื ืžืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง,
09:01
we have laws and policies and norms
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื—ื•ืงื™ื, ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช
09:04
that protect all kinds of information that's private,
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ืฉืžื’ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืคืจื˜ื™,
09:07
and it doesn't make a difference if it's digital or not.
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ื•ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ืื ื”ื•ื ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ ืื• ืœื.
09:10
All of your health records are digitized
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ื›ืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื ื”ืŸ ื‘ืคื•ืจืžื˜ ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™
09:13
but your doctor can't just share them with anyone.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื•ืคื ืฉืœื›ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืกืชื ืœืฉืชืฃ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“.
09:16
All of your financial information is held in digital databases,
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ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ืฉืœื›ื ืฉืžื•ืจ ื‘ืžืื’ืจื™ื ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ื,
09:21
but your credit card company can't just post your purchase history online.
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ืื‘ืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืืฉืจืื™ ืฉืœื›ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืคืจืกื ื‘ืจืฉืช ืืช ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืงื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื.
09:26
Better laws could help address privacy violations after they happen,
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ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžืฉื•ืคืจื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”ืคืจื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ืงื•ืจื•ืช,
09:32
but one of the easiest things we can all do is make personal changes
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ืื‘ืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืงืœื™ื ืœื›ื•ืœื ื• ื”ื•ื ืœืขืจื•ืš ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื
09:36
to help protect each other's privacy.
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ืฉื™ืขื–ืจื• ืœื ื• ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืื™ืฉ ืขืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื–ื•ืœืชื•.
09:40
We're always told that privacy
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ืชืžื™ื“ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืฉื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
09:42
is our own, sole, individual responsibility.
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ื”ื™ื ืืš ื•ืจืง ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื ื• ื”ื‘ืœื‘ื“ื™ืช.
09:45
We're told, constantly monitor and update your privacy settings.
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ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืœื ื˜ืจ ื•ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืชืžื™ื“ ืืช ื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
09:49
We're told, never share anything you wouldn't want the entire world to see.
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ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ื• "ืœืขื•ืœื ืืœ ืชืขืœื• ืืช ืžื” ืฉืื™ื ื›ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ืจืื”."
09:55
This doesn't make sense.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™.
09:56
Digital media are social environments
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ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช
09:59
and we share things with people we trust all day, every day.
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ื•ืื ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืžืฉืชืคื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื”ื™ืžื ื™ื.
10:04
As Princeton researcher Janet Vertesi argues,
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉื˜ื•ืขื ืช ื’'ื ื˜ ื•ืจื˜ืกื™, ื—ื•ืงืจืช ืžืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืคืจื™ื ืกื˜ื•ืŸ,
10:07
our data and our privacy, they're not just personal,
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ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืื™ื ื ืจืง ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื
10:11
they're actually interpersonal.
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ืืœื ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื.
10:14
And so one thing you can do that's really easy
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ืื– ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ื ืžืžืฉ ืงืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช
10:17
is just start asking for permission before you share anyone else's information.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืžืขืœื™ื ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•.
10:22
If you want to post a photo of someone online, ask for permission.
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ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืœืจืฉืช ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•, ื‘ืงืฉื• ืจืฉื•ืช.
10:27
If you want to forward an email thread,
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ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืœืื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ื"ืœ,
10:29
ask for permission.
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ื‘ืงืฉื• ืจืฉื•ืช.
10:31
And if you want to share someone's nude selfie,
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ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืกืœืคื™ ืขื™ืจื•ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•,
10:33
obviously, ask for permission.
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ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืขืœื™ื›ื ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืจืฉื•ืช.
10:37
These individual changes can really help us protect each other's privacy,
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ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ื’ืŸ ื–ื” ืขืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื–ื”,
10:41
but we need technology companies on board as well.
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ืื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืœื›ืš ื’ื ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
10:46
These companies have very little incentive to help protect our privacy
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ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื™ืฉ ืชืžืจื™ืฅ ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืื“ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื’ื ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืชื ื•
10:50
because their business models depend on us sharing everything
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ื›ื™ ื”ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ื”ืขืกืงื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื ืฉืชืฃ ื”ื›ืœ
10:54
with as many people as possible.
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ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ.
10:56
Right now, if I send you an image,
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ื›ื™ื•ื, ืื ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืœื—ืช ืœื›ื ืชืžื•ื ื”,
10:58
you can forward that to anyone that you want.
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื” ืœืžื™ ืฉื‘ื ืœื›ื.
11:01
But what if I got to decide if that image was forwardable or not?
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืื ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืจืช-ื”ืขื‘ืจื” ืื• ืœื?
11:06
This would tell you, you don't have my permission to send this image out.
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ื–ื” ื™ืืžืจ ืœื›ื: "ืื™ื ื ื™ ืžืจืฉื” ืœืš ืœื”ืคื™ืฅ ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช."
11:10
We do this kind of thing all the time to protect copyright.
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ืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื.
11:14
If you buy an e-book, you can't just send it out to as many people as you want.
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ืื ืืชื ืงื•ื ื™ื ืกืคืจ ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™, ืืกื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืื•ืชื• ืœืžื™ ืฉื‘ื ืœื›ื.
11:19
So why not try this with mobile phones?
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ืื– ืœืžื” ืœื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื?
11:22
What you can do is we can demand that tech companies add these protections
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ื”ื’ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”
11:27
to our devices and our platforms as the default.
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ืœืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื•ืœืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื›ื‘ืจื™ืจืช-ืžื—ื“ืœ.
11:31
After all, you can choose the color of your car,
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ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ, ืžื•ืชืจ ืœื›ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ืฆื‘ืข ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื,
11:34
but the airbags are always standard.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ื›ืชืงืŸ.
11:39
If we don't think more about digital privacy and consent,
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ืื ืœื ื ืงื“ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืœืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื”,
11:43
there can be serious consequences.
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ื”ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืชื”ื™ื™ื ื” ื—ืžื•ืจื•ืช.
11:47
There was a teenager from Ohio --
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ื”ื™ืชื” ื ืขืจื” ืžืื•ื”ื™ื• --
11:49
let's call her Jennifer, for the sake of her privacy.
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ื ืงืจื ืœื” "ื’'ื ื™ืคืจ" ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืชื”.
11:52
She shared nude photos of herself with her high school boyfriend,
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ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืชืคื” ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ืžื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ืฉืœื”,
11:56
thinking she could trust him.
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ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœื™ื•.
11:59
Unfortunately, he betrayed her
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ, ื”ื•ื ื‘ื’ื“ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”
12:01
and sent her photos around the entire school.
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ื•ื”ืคื™ืฅ ืืช ืชืžื•ื ื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ.
12:04
Jennifer was embarrassed and humiliated,
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ื’'ื ื™ืคืจ ื”ื•ื›ืชื” ืžื‘ื•ื›ื” ื•ื”ืฉืคืœื”,
12:08
but instead of being compassionate, her classmates harassed her.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืื”ื“ื”, ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื›ื™ืชืชื” ื”ื˜ืจื™ื“ื• ืื•ืชื”.
12:12
They called her a slut and a whore
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ื”ื ื›ื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื” "ื–ื•ื ื”" ื•"ืคืจื•ืฆื”"
12:14
and they made her life miserable.
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ื•ืื™ืžืœืœื• ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”.
12:17
Jennifer started missing school and her grades dropped.
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ื’'ื ื™ืคืจ ื”ื—ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืžื‘ื™ื”"ืก ื•ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื” ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•.
12:21
Ultimately, Jennifer decided to end her own life.
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ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื’'ื ื™ืคืจ ืœืฉื™ื ืงืฅ ืœื—ื™ื™ื”.
12:26
Jennifer did nothing wrong.
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ื’'ื ื™ืคืจ ืœื ืขื•ืœืœื” ื›ืœ ืจืข.
12:29
All she did was share a nude photo
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ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืฉื™ืชืคื” ืชืžื•ื ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื
12:31
with someone she thought that she could trust.
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ืขื ืื“ื ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœื™ื•.
12:34
And yet our laws tell her
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื”
ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ืžืขืฉื” ื ื•ืจื, ืฉื•ื•ื”-ืขืจืš ืœืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื™ืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
12:37
that she committed a horrible crime equivalent to child pornography.
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12:41
Our gender norms tell her
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ื”ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืื•ืžืจื•ืช ืœื”
12:43
that by producing this nude image of herself,
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ืฉื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชืžื•ื ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื ื–ื•, ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื”,
12:46
she somehow did the most horrible, shameful thing.
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ื”ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื-ืžื” ืขืฉืชื” ืืช ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื›ื™ ื ื•ืจื ื•ืžื‘ื™ืฉ.
12:50
And when we assume that privacy is impossible in digital media,
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ื•ื›ืฉืื ื• ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืœืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื” ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช,
12:54
we completely write off and excuse her boyfriend's bad, bad behavior.
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ืื ื• ืžื•ื—ืงื™ื ื•ืคื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื• ื”ืžืจื•ืฉืขืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื”.
13:01
People are still saying all the time to victims of privacy violations,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืคืจืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช,
13:06
"What were you thinking?
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"ืžื” ืขื‘ืจ ืœืš ื‘ืจืืฉ?
13:08
You should have never sent that image."
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"ืืกื•ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœืš ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื”ื™ื."
13:11
If you're trying to figure out what to say instead, try this.
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ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ื”, ืžื” ื“ืขืชื›ื ืขืœ ื–ื”:
13:15
Imagine you've run into your friend who broke their leg skiing.
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ืชืืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืฉืืชื ืคื•ื’ืฉื™ื ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืฉื‘ืจ ืืช ืจื’ืœื• ื‘ืชืื•ื ืช ืกืงื™.
13:20
They took a risk to do something fun, and it didn't end well.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืกืชื›ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉื”ื• ืžื”ื ื”, ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื ื’ืžืจ ื˜ื•ื‘.
13:24
But you're probably not going to be the jerk who says,
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ืื‘ืœ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉืœื ืชื”ื™ื• ืฉืžื•ืงื™ื ื•ืชื’ื™ื“ื•,
13:27
"Well, I guess you shouldn't have gone skiing then."
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"ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืกืงื™."
13:31
If we think more about consent,
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ืื ื ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื”,
ื ืจืื” ืฉืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืคืจืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช
13:34
we can see that victims of privacy violations
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13:37
deserve our compassion,
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ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœืื”ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื•,
13:39
not criminalization, shaming, harassment or punishment.
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ื•ืœื ืœื”ืคืœืœื”, ืœื”ืฉืคืœื”, ื”ื˜ืจื“ื” ืื• ืขื•ื ืฉ.
13:44
We can support victims, and we can prevent some privacy violations
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ืœืžื ื•ืข ื”ืคืจืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช
13:48
by making these legal, individual and technological changes.
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ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื ื›ื ื™ืก ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื, ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื’ื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื.
13:53
Because the problem is not sexting, the issue is digital privacy.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืื™ื ื ื” ื”ืกืงืกื˜ื™ื ื’ ืืœื ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช.
13:59
And one solution is consent.
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ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ืกื›ืžื”.
14:02
So the next time a victim of a privacy violation comes up to you,
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ืื– ื‘ืคืขื ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื›ื ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืœื”ืคืจืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช,
14:07
instead of blaming them, let's do this instead:
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืื• ืื•ืชื”, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืขืฉื” ืืช ื–ื”:
14:09
let's shift our ideas about digital privacy,
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ื ืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช
14:13
and let's respond with compassion.
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ื•ื ื’ื™ื‘ ื‘ื—ืžืœื”.
14:16
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
14:17
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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