Sarah Lewis: Embrace the near win

296,606 views ใƒป 2014-04-21

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Shlomo Adam ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:13
I feel so fortunate that my first job
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ืื ื™ ื—ืฉื” ื‘ืช-ืžื–ืœ ืฉื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื™
00:15
was working at the Museum of Modern Art
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ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ ืœืืžื ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช
00:18
on a retrospective of painter Elizabeth Murray.
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ื‘ื”ื›ื ืช ืจื˜ืจื•ืกืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื™ืจืช ืืœื™ื–ื‘ืช ืžืืจื™.
00:21
I learned so much from her.
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ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืžืžื ื” ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื”.
00:23
After the curator Robert Storr
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ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ืจื•ื‘ืจื˜ ืกื˜ื•ืจ,
00:25
selected all the paintings
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ื‘ื—ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื
00:27
from her lifetime body of work,
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ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืคืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื”,
00:30
I loved looking at the paintings from the 1970s.
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ืื”ื‘ืชื™ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื•ืช ื”-70.
00:33
There were some motifs and elements
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ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ืคืจื˜ื™ื
00:36
that would come up again later in her life.
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ืฉื™ื•ืคื™ืขื• ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื”.
00:39
I remember asking her
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ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจืช ืฉืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื”,
00:41
what she thought of those early works.
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ืžื” ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื•ืงื“ืžื•ืช ืืœื”.
00:43
If you didn't know they were hers,
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ืžื™ ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ืŸ ืฉืœื”,
00:45
you might not have been able to guess.
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ืื•ืœื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื ื—ืฉ ื–ืืช.
00:47
She told me that a few didn't quite meet
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ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืœื™ ืฉืื—ื“ื•ืช ืžื”ืŸ
00:50
her own mark for what she wanted them to be.
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ืœื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื• ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื”.
00:54
One of the works, in fact,
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ืื—ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช, ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืืžืช,
00:55
so didn't meet her mark,
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ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืœื ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื” ืืช ืจืฆื•ื ื”,
00:57
she had set it out in the trash in her studio,
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ืขื“ ื›ื™ ื”ื ื™ื—ื” ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืืฉืคืช ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœื”,
01:00
and her neighbor had taken it
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ื•ืฉื›ื ืชื” ืœืงื—ื” ืื•ืชื”,
01:02
because she saw its value.
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ื›ื™ ืขืžื“ื” ืขืœ ืขืจื›ื”.
01:04
In that moment, my view of success
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืจื’ืข, ื”ืฉืชื ืชื” ื“ืขืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช.
01:07
and creativity changed.
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01:10
I realized that success is a moment,
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ืชืคืฉืชื™ ืฉื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื”ื™ื ืจื’ืข ื‘ื•ื“ื“,
01:13
but what we're always celebrating
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืžืขืœื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืขืœ ื ืก
01:15
is creativity and mastery.
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ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจ.
01:19
But this is the thing: What gets us to convert success
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ืืš ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืื™ืš ืœื”ืžื™ืจ ืืช ื“ืชื ื•, ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื”ืฆืœื—ื”
01:22
into mastery?
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ืœืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช?
01:24
This is a question I've long asked myself.
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ื–ื• ืฉืืœื” ืฉืื ื™ ืฉื•ืืœืช ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘.
01:27
I think it comes when we start to value
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ืœื“ืขืชื™ ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื” ื›ืฉืื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš
01:30
the gift of a near win.
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ืืช ื”ืžืชื ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืžืขื˜-ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ.
01:33
I started to understand this when I went
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ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ืืช ื›ืฉื”ืœื›ืชื™,
01:36
on one cold May day
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ื‘ื™ื•ื ืงืจ ืื—ื“ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืžืื™,
01:38
to watch a set of varsity archers,
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ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ื ื‘ื—ืจืช ืงืœื™ืขื” ื‘ืงืฉืช,
01:40
all women as fate would have it,
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ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื ืฉื™ื, ื›ืš ืจืฆื” ื”ื’ื•ืจืœ,
01:42
at the northern tip of Manhattan
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ื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ื˜ืŸ,
01:45
at Columbia's Baker Athletics Complex.
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ื‘ืงื•ืžืคืœืงืก ื”ืืชืœื˜ื™ืงื” "ื‘ื™ื™ืงืจ" ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ื”.
01:48
I wanted to see what's called archer's paradox,
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉืงืจื•ื™ "ืคืจื“ื•ืงืก ื”ืงึทืฉืช",
01:52
the idea that in order to actually hit your target,
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื›ื“ื™ ืœืงืœื•ืข ืœืžื˜ืจื”,
01:54
you have to aim at something slightly skew from it.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืขื˜ ื”ืฆื™ื“ื” ืžืžื ื”.
01:59
I stood and watched as the coach
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ืขืžื“ืชื™ ื•ืฆืคื™ืชื™ ื‘ื”ืŸ,
02:01
drove up these women in this gray van,
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ื›ืฉื”ืžืืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื˜ื ื“ืจ ื”ืืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื•,
02:04
and they exited with this kind of relaxed focus.
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ื•ื”ืŸ ื™ืฆืื• ืžืžื ื• ื‘ืžืขื™ืŸ ืžื™ืงื•ื“ ืจื’ื•ืข.
02:07
One held a half-eaten ice cream cone in one hand
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ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื—ื–ื™ืงื” ื’ื‘ื™ืข ื’ืœื™ื“ื” ื ื’ื•ืก ื‘ื™ื“ื” ื”ืื—ืช,
02:09
and arrows in the left with yellow fletching.
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ื•ื—ืฆื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื›ื ืคื•ื ื™ื ืฆื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื”.
02:12
And they passed me and smiled,
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ื•ื”ืŸ ื—ืœืคื• ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื•ื—ื™ื™ื›ื•,
02:15
but they sized me up as they
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ืŸ ืื•ืžื“ื•ืช ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื“ืจื›ืŸ ืืœ ื”ืžื’ืจืฉ,
02:16
made their way to the turf,
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02:18
and spoke to each other not with words
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ื•ื”ืŸ ืฉื•ื—ื—ื• ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ืœื ื‘ืžืœื™ื,
02:20
but with numbers, degrees, I thought,
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ืืœื ื‘ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืขืœื•ืช, ื›ืš ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™,
02:23
positions for how they might plan
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ื›ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืชื›ื ื ื•ืช ืื™ืš ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฆื‘ ื•ืœืงืœื•ืข ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ.
02:24
to hit their target.
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02:26
I stood behind one archer as her coach
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ืขืžื“ืชื™ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ืงืฉึทืชื™ืช ืื—ืช ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ืžืืžืŸ ืฉืœื”
02:29
stood in between us to maybe assess
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ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื•, ืื•ืœื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื™ ื–ืงื•ืงื” ืœืขื–ืจื”, ื•ืฆืคื™ืชื™ ื‘ื”,
02:31
who might need support, and watched her,
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02:33
and I didn't understand how even one
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืืคื™ืœื• ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ืชืฆืœื™ื— ืœืงืœื•ืข ืœื˜ื‘ืขืช ื”-10.
02:35
was going to hit the ten ring.
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02:38
The ten ring from the standard 75-yard distance,
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ื˜ื‘ืขืช ื”-10, ืžืžืจื—ืง ืชืงื ื™ ืฉืœ 70 ืžื˜ืจื™ื,
02:41
it looks as small as a matchstick tip
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ื ืจืื™ืช ื›ืžื• ืจืืฉ ื’ืคืจื•ืจ
02:44
held out at arm's length.
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ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ื‘ื–ืจื•ืข ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”.
02:46
And this is while holding 50 pounds of draw weight
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ื•ื–ื”, ื›ืฉืฉื•ืžืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฉืงืœ ืžืชื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ 22 ืง"ื’
02:49
on each shot.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ืจื™ื”.
02:52
She first hit a seven, I remember, and then a nine,
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ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืคื’ืขื” ื‘-7, ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจืช, ื•ืื—ืจ ื‘-9,
02:55
and then two tens,
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ืื—ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืœื” ืฉืชื™ ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื•ืช,
02:56
and then the next arrow
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ื•ื”ื—ืฅ ื”ื‘ื
02:57
didn't even hit the target.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืคื’ืข ื‘ืžื˜ืจื”.
02:59
And I saw that gave her more tenacity,
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ืจืื™ืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืขืงืฉื ื•ืชื”,
03:01
and she went after it again and again.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื ื™ืกืชื” ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘.
03:04
For three hours this went on.
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ื–ื” ื ืžืฉืš ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉืขื•ืช.
03:07
At the end of the practice, one of the archers
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ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืื™ืžื•ืŸ, ืื—ืช ื”ืงืฉืชื™ื•ืช
03:09
was so taxed that she lied out on the ground
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ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ื” ืžื•ืชืฉืช, ืขื“ ืฉื ืฉื›ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืงืจืงืข
03:12
just star-fished,
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ื‘ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืช ื•ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ืคืจื•ืฉื•ืช,
03:14
her head looking up at the sky,
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ืจืืฉื” ืžื•ืคื ื” ืœืฉืžื™ื,
03:16
trying to find what T.S. Eliot might call
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื ืกื” ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉื˜"ืก ืืœื™ื•ื˜ ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ื ื”:
03:19
that still point of the turning world.
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"ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื“ื•ืžืžืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืกืชื—ืจืจ."
03:22
It's so rare in American culture,
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ื–ื” ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื ื“ื™ืจ, ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช
03:25
there's so little that's vocational about it anymore,
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ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื ื•ืชืจื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ื›ื–ื•,
03:28
to look at what doggedness looks like
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ื›ื” ื ื“ื™ืจ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉื ืจืื™ืช ื›ืžื• "ืจืืฉ ื‘ืงื™ืจ",
03:30
with this level of exactitude,
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ื‘ืจืžื” ื›ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื™ืงื ื•ืช,
03:32
what it means to align your body posture
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ื”ื”ืชืืžื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ
03:35
for three hours in order to hit a target,
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉืขื•ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงืœื•ืข ืœืžื˜ืจื”
03:38
pursuing a kind of excellence in obscurity.
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ื‘ืžืจื“ืฃ ืื—ืจ ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ืื™-ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช.
03:42
But I stayed because I realized I was witnessing
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ืื‘ืœ ื ืฉืืจืชื™ ืฉื ื›ื™ ืงืœื˜ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืขื“ื”
03:44
what's so rare to glimpse,
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ืœืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื” ื ื“ื™ืจ, ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ื—ื˜ื•ืฃ,
03:47
that difference between success and mastery.
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ืื•ืชื• ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืœืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช.
03:50
So success is hitting that ten ring,
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ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืงืœื™ืขื” ืœื˜ื‘ืขืช ื”-10,
03:53
but mastery is knowing that it means nothing
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื›ืš ืฉื•ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช
03:55
if you can't do it again and again.
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ืื ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘.
03:59
Mastery is not just the same as excellence, though.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ื” ื–ื”ื” ืœืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช.
04:02
It's not the same as success,
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ื”ื™ื ืœื ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื”,
04:04
which I see as an event,
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ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ื™ื ืื™ืจื•ืข,
04:07
a moment in time,
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ืจื’ืข ื‘ื•ื“ื“ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ
04:08
and a label that the world confers upon you.
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ื•ืชื•ื•ื™ืช ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืขื ื™ืง.
04:11
Mastery is not a commitment to a goal
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ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ื” ืžื—ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืžื˜ืจื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™
04:15
but to a constant pursuit.
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ืืœื ืœืขืฆื ื”ืจื“ื™ืคื” ื”ืžืชืžื“ืช ืื—ืจื™ื”.
04:17
What gets us to do this,
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ืžื” ืฉื’ื•ืจื ืœื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช,
04:19
what get us to forward thrust more
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ืžื” ืฉื’ื•ืจื ืœื ื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“,
04:22
is to value the near win.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืขืจืš ืฉืื ื• ืžืงื ื™ื ืœื›ืžืขื˜-ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ.
04:26
How many times have we designated something
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ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื ื• ืœืžืฉื”ื•
04:28
a classic, a masterpiece even,
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ื›ืืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืงืœืืกื™ืช, ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžื•ืคืช, ืืคื™ืœื•,
04:31
while its creator considers it hopelessly unfinished,
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืฆืจื” ื ื•ืืฉ ืžืœืกื™ื™ื ืื•ืชื”,
04:34
riddled with difficulties and flaws,
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ื•ืœื“ืขืชื• ื”ื™ื ื–ืจื•ืขืช ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื•ืคื’ืžื™ื,
04:36
in other words, a near win?
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ื•ื‘ืžืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช - ื›ืžืขื˜-ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ?
04:39
Elizabeth Murray surprised me
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ืืœื™ื–ื‘ืช ืžืืจื™ ื”ืคืชื™ืขื” ืื•ืชื™
04:41
with her admission about her earlier paintings.
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ื‘ื”ื•ื“ืืชื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื.
04:45
Painter Paul Cรฉzanne so often thought his works were incomplete
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ื”ืฆื™ื™ืจ ืคื•ืœ ืกื–ืืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ืœื ืžื•ืฉืœืžื•ืช,
04:48
that he would deliberately leave them aside
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ืขื“ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื–ื•ื ื— ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืชื—ื™ืœื”,
04:50
with the intention of picking them back up again,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืื•ืชืŸ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
04:53
but at the end of his life,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื—ื™ื™ื•
04:54
the result was that he had only signed
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ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ืชื ืืช ืฉืžื•
04:56
10 percent of his paintings.
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ืจืง ืขืœ 10% ืžืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื•.
04:59
His favorite novel was "The [Unknown] Masterpiece" by Honorรฉ de Balzac,
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ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื™ื”: "ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืžื•ืคืช ื”ืืœืžื•ื ื™ืช",
ืžืืช ืื•ื ื•ืจื” ื“ื”-ื‘ืœื–ืง.
05:03
and he felt the protagonist was the painter himself.
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ื•ืœื“ืขืชื• ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืฆื™ื™ืจ ืขืฆืžื•.
05:09
Franz Kafka saw incompletion
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ืคืจื ืฅ ืงืคืงื ืจืื” ื—ื•ืกืจ-ืฉืœืžื•ืช
05:11
when others would find only works to praise,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืื—ืจื™ื ืจืื• ืจืง ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืจืื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื‘ื—,
05:14
so much so that he wanted all of his diaries,
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ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืฉื›ืœ ื™ื•ืžื ื™ื•,
05:17
manuscripts, letters and even sketches
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ื›ืชื‘ื™ื•, ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื• ื•ืืฃ ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื•
05:19
burned upon his death.
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ื™ื™ืฉืจืคื• ืขื ืžื•ืชื•.
05:21
His friend refused to honor the request,
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ื™ื“ื™ื“ื• ืกื™ืจื‘ ืœื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื‘ืงืฉืชื•,
05:24
and because of that, we now have all the works
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ื•ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช
05:25
we now do by Kafka:
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ืฉืื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื ืžืืช ืงืคืงื:
05:27
"America," "The Trial" and "The Castle,"
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"ืืžืจื™ืงื”", "ื”ืžืฉืคื˜" ื•"ื”ื˜ื™ืจื”" -
05:31
a work so incomplete it even stops mid-sentence.
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ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ื‘ืœืชื™-ื’ืžื•ืจื” ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš, ืฉื”ื™ื ื ืงื˜ืขืช ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืžืฉืคื˜.
05:34
The pursuit of mastery, in other words,
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ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืžืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช,
05:37
is an ever-onward almost.
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ื”ื™ื 'ื›ืžืขื˜' ื ืฆื—ื™.
05:41
"Lord, grant that I desire
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"ืืœื•ื”ื™ื, ืชืŸ ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื›ื— ืœืจืฆื•ืช
05:43
more than I can accomplish,"
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"ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืคื™ ืฉืื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื,"
05:46
Michelangelo implored,
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ื›ืžื• ื”ืชื—ื ืŸ ืžื™ื›ืืœืื ื’'ืœื•
05:47
as if to that Old Testament God on the Sistine Chapel,
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ืืœ ืืœื•ื”ื™ ื”ืชื "ืš ืฉืขืœ ืชืงืจืช ื”ืงืคืœื” ื”ืกื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช,
05:51
and he himself was that Adam
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื-ืขืฆืžื• ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ืื“ื
05:52
with his finger outstretched
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ื”ืžื•ืฉื™ื˜ ืืช ืืฆื‘ืขื•
05:54
and not quite touching that God's hand.
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ื•ืœื ืžืžืฉ ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืืœื•ื”ื™ื.
05:59
Mastery is in the reaching, not the arriving.
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ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื”ื•ืฉื˜ื”, ื•ืœื ื”ื”ื’ืขื”,
06:03
It's in constantly wanting to close that gap
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ื”ื™ื ื˜ืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืœืกื’ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืคืขืจ
06:06
between where you are and where you want to be.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉืืชื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื›ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช.
06:11
Mastery is about sacrificing for your craft
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ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจื” ืฉืœื›ื,
06:14
and not for the sake of crafting your career.
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ื•ืœื ืœืžืขืŸ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื” ืฉืœ ืงืจื™ื™ืจื”.
06:18
How many inventors and untold entrepreneurs
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ื›ืžื” ืžืžืฆื™ืื™ื ื•ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืืœืžื•ื ื™ื™ื
06:21
live out this phenomenon?
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ืžื’ืฉื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืชื•ืคืขื” ื–ื•?
06:24
We see it even in the life
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ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื–ืืช ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื•
06:25
of the indomitable Arctic explorer Ben Saunders,
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ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืงืจ ื”ืืจืงื˜ื™ ื”ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืœื-ื—ืช ื‘ืŸ ืกื•ื ื“ืจืก,
06:28
who tells me that his triumphs
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ืฉืžืกืคืจ ืœื™ ืฉื ืฆื—ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื•
06:30
are not merely the result
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ื”ื ืœื ืจืง ื”ืชื•ืฆืื”
06:32
of a grand achievement,
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ืฉืœ ืื™ื–ื” ื”ื™ืฉื’ ื’ื“ื•ืœ,
06:34
but of the propulsion of a lineage of near wins.
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ืืœื ืชื•ืœื“ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื—ืฃ ืฉืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ืฉื•ืฉืœืช ืฉืœ ื›ืžืขื˜-ื ืฆื—ื•ื ื•ืช.
06:39
We thrive when we stay at our own leading edge.
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ืื ื• ืคื•ืจื—ื™ื ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืื ื• ื ื™ืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื“ ื”ื—ื ื™ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื ื•.
06:42
It's a wisdom understood by Duke Ellington,
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ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื›ืžื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื•ืง ืืœื™ื ื’ื˜ื•ืŸ,
06:45
who said that his favorite song out of his repertoire
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ืฉืืžืจ ืฉื”ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ืื”ื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืจืคืจื˜ื•ืืจ ืฉืœื•
06:48
was always the next one,
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ื”ื•ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื‘ื,
06:50
always the one he had yet to compose.
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ืชืžื™ื“ ื–ื” ืฉื˜ืจื ื”ืœื—ื™ืŸ.
06:54
Part of the reason that the near win
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ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื”ื›ืžืขื˜-ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ
06:56
is inbuilt to mastery
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ื˜ื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช,
06:58
is because the greater our proficiency,
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ื›ืœ ืฉื’ื“ืœื” ืฉืœื™ื˜ืชื ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจ,
07:00
the more clearly we might see
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ื›ืš ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืชืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช
07:03
that we don't know all that we thought we did.
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ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ืฉื™ื“ื•ืข ืœื ื•.
07:06
It's called the Dunningโ€“Kruger effect.
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ื–ื” ืงืจื•ื™ "ืืคืงื˜ ื“ื ื™ื ื’-ืงืจื•ื’ืจ".
07:08
The Paris Review got it out of James Baldwin
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ื”"ืคืจื™ืก ืจื™ื•ื•ื™ื•" ื—ื™ืœืฅ ื–ืืช ืžืคื™ื• ืฉืœ ื’'ื™ื™ืžืก ื‘ื•ืœื“ื•ื•ื™ืŸ,
07:11
when they asked him,
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ื›ืฉืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื•:
07:12
"What do you think increases with knowledge?"
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"ืžื” ืœื“ืขืชืš ื’ื“ืœ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื’ื“ืœ ื”ื™ื“ืข?"
07:15
and he said, "You learn how little you know."
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืขื ื”: "ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ืžืขื˜ ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข."
07:20
Success motivates us, but a near win
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ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืžื ื™ืขื” ืื•ืชื ื•, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื›ืžืขื˜-ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ
07:22
can propel us in an ongoing quest.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ื—ื•ืฃ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืžืกืข ื ืฆื—ื™.
07:25
One of the most vivid examples of this comes
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ืื—ืช ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืžืชื’ืœื™ืช
07:27
when we look at the difference
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ื›ืฉืื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœ
07:29
between Olympic silver medalists
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ื”ืื•ืœื™ืžืคื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ืœื™ื™ืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ
07:31
and bronze medalists after a competition.
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ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ืœื™ื™ืช ื”ืืจื“, ื‘ืชื•ื ืชื—ืจื•ืช.
07:34
Thomas Gilovich and his team from Cornell
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ืชื•ืžืก ื’ื™ืœื•ื‘ื™ืฅ' ื•ืฆื•ื•ืชื•, ืžืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืงื•ืจื ืœ,
07:36
studied this difference and found
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ื—ืงืจื• ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ื–ื” ื•ืžืฆืื•
07:39
that the frustration silver medalists feel
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ืฉื”ืชืกื›ื•ืœ ืฉื—ืฉื™ื ื–ื•ื›ื™ ืžื“ืœื™ื™ืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ
07:41
compared to bronze, who are typically a bit
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ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœื–ื” ืฉืœ ื–ื•ื›ื™ ื”ืืจื“, ืฉืžืชืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš
07:43
more happy to have just not received fourth place
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ืฉื”ื ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืžื—ื™ื, ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืžืงื•ื ืจื‘ื™ืขื™
07:46
and not medaled at all,
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ืœืœื ืžื“ืœื™ื” ื›ืœืœ,
07:47
gives silver medalists a focus
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ื’ื•ืจื ืœื–ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืœื”ืชืžืงื“
07:49
on follow-up competition.
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ื‘ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื”.
07:52
We see it even in the gambling industry
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ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื–ืืช ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ื
07:54
that once picked up on this phenomenon
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ืฉื™ื“ืขื” ืœื ืฆืœ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืคืขื”
07:56
of the near win
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ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืžืขื˜-ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ
07:57
and created these scratch-off tickets
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ื•ื™ืฆืจื” ืืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื”ื’ื™ืจื•ื“
08:00
that had a higher than average rate of near wins
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืœื›ืžืขื˜-ื–ื›ื™ื•ืช
08:03
and so compelled people to buy more tickets
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ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื ืžืืœืฆื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ื
08:06
that they were called heart-stoppers,
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ืฉื›ื•ื ื• "ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ื”ืชืงืฃ-ืœื‘",
08:08
and were set on a gambling industry set of abuses
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ื•ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœื’ืœ ื”ืฉืžืฆื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ื™ืžื•ืจื™ื
08:11
in Britain in the 1970s.
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ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-70.
08:14
The reason the near win has a propulsion
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ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš ืฉืœื›ืžืขื˜-ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื›ื•ื— ืžื ื™ืข ื›ื–ื”,
08:16
is because it changes our view of the landscape
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ื”ื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ืฉืงืคืชื ื• ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืฃ ืฉืžื•ืœื ื•
08:19
and puts our goals, which we tend to put
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ื•ืžืฆื™ื‘ ืืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•, ืฉื”ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืžืจื—ืง,
08:22
at a distance, into more proximate vicinity
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ื‘ื”ื™ืฉื’-ื™ื“, ืงืจื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืœื™ื ื•.
08:25
to where we stand.
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08:26
If I ask you to envision what a great day looks like next week,
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ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ ืžื›ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื™ื™ืจืื” ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื‘ื,
08:30
you might describe it in more general terms.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื•ื“ืื™ ืžืชืืจื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
08:33
But if I ask you to describe a great day at TED tomorrow,
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ืืš ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ ืžื›ื ืœืชืืจ ืื™ืš ื™ื™ืจืื” ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘, ืžื—ืจ ื‘-TED,
08:37
you might describe it with granular, practical clarity.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื•ื“ืื™ ืžืชืืจื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืžืขืฉื™ืช ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ื™-ืคืจื˜ื™ื.
08:40
And this is what a near win does.
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื”ื›ืžืขื˜-ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ.
08:42
It gets us to focus on what, right now,
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ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ืจื ืœื ื• ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืจื’ืข
08:45
we plan to do to address that mountain in our sights.
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ื ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ื”ืจ ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืงืคืช.
08:49
It's Jackie Joyner-Kersee, who in 1984
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ื”ื™ืชื” ื–ื• ื’'ืงื™ ื’'ื•ื™ื ืจ-ืงืจืกื™, ืฉื‘-1984
08:53
missed taking the gold in the heptathlon
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ื”ื—ืžื™ืฆื” ืืช ืžื“ืœื™ื™ืช ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ื‘ืงืจื‘-7
08:55
by one third of a second,
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ื‘ืฉืœื™ืฉ-ืฉื ื™ื” ืื—ื“.
08:57
and her husband predicted that would give her
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ื•ื‘ืขืœื” ื”ืชื ื‘ื ืฉื–ื” ื™ืขื ื™ืง ืœื”
08:59
the tenacity she needed in follow-up competition.
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ืืช ื”ืขืงืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื ื—ื•ืฆื” ืœื” ื‘ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื”.
09:03
In 1988, she won the gold in the heptathlon
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ื‘-1988 ื”ื™ื ื–ื›ืชื” ื‘ื–ื”ื‘ ื‘ืงืจื‘-7,
09:06
and set a record of 7,291 points,
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ื•ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื” ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ 7,291 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช,
09:10
a score that no athlete has come very close to since.
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ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืฉื•ื ืกืคื•ืจื˜ืื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ืชืงืจื‘ ืืœื™ื• ืžืื–.
09:15
We thrive not when we've done it all,
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ืื ื• ืคื•ืจื—ื™ื, ืœื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืฉืœืžื ื• ื”ื›ืœ,
09:18
but when we still have more to do.
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ืืœื ื›ืฉืขื•ื“ ื ื•ืชืจ ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
09:21
I stand here thinking and wondering
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ืื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื›ืืŸ, ื•ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืชื•ื”ื”
09:24
about all the different ways
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ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช
09:25
that we might even manufacture a near win
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ืฉืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืžืžืฉ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื›ืžืขื˜-ื ืฆื—ื•ื ื•ืช,
09:28
in this room,
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ื›ืืŸ, ื‘ืื•ืœื,
09:29
how your lives might play this out,
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ื•ืœืืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื›ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืชื— ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš,
09:31
because I think on some gut level we do know this.
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ื›ื™ ืœื“ืขืชื™, ืขืžื•ืง ื‘ื‘ื˜ืŸ ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืืช ื–ื”.
09:36
We know that we thrive when we stay
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ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืคื•ืจื—ื™ื ื›ืฉืื ื• ื ืฉืืจื™ื
09:37
at our own leading edge,
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ื‘ื—ื•ื“ ื”ื—ื ื™ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื ื•,
09:39
and it's why the deliberate incomplete
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื—ื•ืกืจ-ื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ
09:41
is inbuilt into creation myths.
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ื˜ื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืื’ื“ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืฉืœื ื•.
09:44
In Navajo culture, some craftsmen and women
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ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื‘ืื—ื• ื”ื™ื• ืื•ืžื ื™ื ื•ืืžื ื™ื•ืช
09:46
would deliberately put an imperfection
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ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืœื• ื‘ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืžื™ื
09:49
in textiles and ceramics.
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ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืงืจืžื™ืงื”.
09:51
It's what's called a spirit line,
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืžื›ื•ื ื” "ื—ื•ืชื ื”ืจื•ื—",
09:53
a deliberate flaw in the pattern
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ืคื’ื ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืืจื’,
09:55
to give the weaver or maker a way out,
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ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื• ืœืกืคืง ืœืื•ืจื’ ืื• ืœื™ื•ืฆืจ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืื™ืฉื™,
09:58
but also a reason to continue making work.
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ.
10:03
Masters are not experts because they take
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ื”ืžืืกื˜ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ื ื•ืฉื
10:05
a subject to its conceptual end.
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ืขื“ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืชืคื™ืฉืชื™ื™ื.
10:08
They're masters because they realize
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ื”ื ืžืืกื˜ืจื™ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื
10:09
that there isn't one.
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ืฉืื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื›ืืœื”.
10:12
Now it occurred to me, as I thought about this,
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ืขืœื” ื‘ื“ืขืชื™, ื›ืฉื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืขืœ ื–ื”,
10:15
why the archery coach
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ืžื“ื•ืข ืžืืžืŸ ื”ืงืฉืช
10:17
told me at the end of that practice,
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ืืžืจ ืœื™ ื‘ืชื•ื ืื•ืชื• ืื™ืžื•ืŸ,
10:19
out of earshot of his archers,
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ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืฉืžื™ืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•,
10:21
that he and his colleagues never feel
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ืฉืœื“ืขืชื• ื•ืœื“ืขืช ืขืžื™ืชื™ื•
10:23
they can do enough for their team,
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ื”ื ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœืžืขืŸ ื ื‘ื—ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื,
10:25
never feel there are enough visualization techniques
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ืื• ืžืžืฆื™ืื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช
10:28
and posture drills to help them overcome
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ื•ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื” ืฉื™ืขื–ืจื• ืœื”ืŸ ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ
10:31
those constant near wins.
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ืขืœ ื”ื›ืžืขื˜-ื ืฆื—ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืชืžื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
10:33
It didn't sound like a complaint, exactly,
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ื–ื• ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืชืœื•ื ื”,
10:36
but just a way to let me know,
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ืืœื ืจืง ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื™,
10:38
a kind of tender admission,
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ืžืขื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื“ืื” ืžืขื•ื“ื ืช,
10:40
to remind me that he knew he was giving himself over
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ืฉื”ื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืœื™ ืฉื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืชืžืกืจ
10:43
to a voracious, unfinished path
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ืœืื™ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ืจืขื‘ืชื ื™ืช ื•ื‘ืœืชื™-ื ื’ืžืจืช
10:46
that always required more.
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ืฉืชื•ื‘ืขืช ืชืžื™ื“ ืขื•ื“.
10:49
We build out of the unfinished idea,
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ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื ื• ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžืชื•ืš ืžื•ืฉื’ ื”ื‘ืœืชื™-ื’ืžื•ืจ,
10:52
even if that idea is our former self.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืžื•ืฉื’ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื ื• ื”ื™ืฉืŸ.
10:57
This is the dynamic of mastery.
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ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช.
11:00
Coming close to what you thought you wanted
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ื”ื”ืชืงืจื‘ื•ืช ืืœ ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื‘ืชื ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื
11:03
can help you attain more than you ever dreamed
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืคื™ ืฉืฉื™ืขืจืชื ืื™-ืคืขื
11:06
you could.
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ืฉื‘ื›ื•ื—ื›ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
11:07
It's what I have to imagine Elizabeth Murray
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื ืืœืฆืช ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืืœื™ื–ื‘ืช ืžืืจื™
11:10
was thinking when I saw her smiling
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ื•ื“ืื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื”, ื›ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื›ืช
11:12
at those early paintings one day
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ื‘ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื” ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ืื•ืชื ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื
11:14
in the galleries.
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ื‘ืื•ืœืžื™ ื”ืชืฆื•ื’ื”.
11:17
Even if we created utopias, I believe
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื•ื˜ื•ืคื™ื”, ื›ืš ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื”,
11:20
we would still have the incomplete.
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื•ืชืจ ืœื ื• ื”ื‘ืœืชื™-ืžื•ืฉืœื.
11:23
Completion is a goal,
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ื”ืฉืœืžื” ื”ื™ื ืžื˜ืจื”,
11:25
but we hope it is never the end.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื• ืžืงื•ื•ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืกื•ืฃ.
11:29
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
11:32
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]

Original video on YouTube.com
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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