Eddie Obeng: Smart failure for a fast-changing world

168,129 views ใƒป 2012-10-15

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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ืžืชืจื’ื: Shlomo Adam ืžื‘ืงืจ: benyamin zinshtein
00:15
Over the past six months, I've spent my time
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ื‘-6 ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™
00:19
traveling. I think I've done 60,000 miles,
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ื‘ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื. ื ื“ืžื” ืœื™ ืฉืขื‘ืจืชื™ 96,000 ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ,
00:22
but without leaving my desk.
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืงื•ื ืžืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”.
00:25
And the reason I can do that is because I'm actually two people.
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ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ืขืฆื 2 ืื ืฉื™ื.
00:28
I look like one person but I'm two people. I'm Eddie who is here,
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ืื ื™ ื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• ืื—ื“, ืืš ืื ื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ื. ืื ื™ ืื“ื™ ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ื›ืืŸ,
00:31
and at the same time, my alter ego is a big green boxy
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ื•ื‘ื•-ื–ืžื ื™ืช ื”ืื ื™ ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื™ ื”ื•ื ืงื•ืคืกื” ื™ืจื•ืงื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”,
00:35
avatar nicknamed Cyber Frank.
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ื”ืื•ื•ื˜ืืจ ืฉืœื™, ืฉื›ื™ื ื•ื™ื• "ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ืคืจื ืง".
00:39
So that's what I spend my time doing. I'd like to start,
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ื›ื›ื” ืื ื™ ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ,
00:42
if it's possible, with a test, because I do business stuff,
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ืื ืืคืฉืจ, ื‘ืžื‘ื—ืŸ, ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืžืชืขืกืง ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื,
00:45
so it's important that we focus on outcomes.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช.
00:48
And then I struggled, because I was thinking to myself,
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ื”ืฉืงืขืชื™ ืžืืžืฅ, ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžื™
00:50
"What should I talk? What should I do? It's a TED audience.
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"ืžื” ืขืœื™ ืœื•ืžืจ? ืžื” ืขืœื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช? ื–ื” ืงื”ืœ ืฉืœ TED.
00:53
It's got to be stretching. How am I going to make โ€” ?"
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ื–ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื”. ืื™ืš ืืฆืœื™ื— ืœืขืฉื•ืช --?"
00:55
So I just hope I've got the level of difficulty right.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืžืฆืืชื™ ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื”.
00:59
So let's just walk our way through this.
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ื”ื‘ื” ื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื”.
01:01
Please could you work this through with me? You can shout out the answer if you like.
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ืชื•ื›ืœื• ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ื™ื—ื“ ืื™ืชื™? ืชืฆืขืงื• ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืื ืชืจืฆื•.
01:04
The question is, which of these horizontal lines is longer?
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ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื, ืื™ื–ื” ืžื”ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืื•ืคืงื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืืจื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ?
01:06
The answer is?
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ื•ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื?
01:07
Audience: The same.Eddie Obeng: The same.
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ื”ืงื”ืœ: ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ. ืื“ื™ ืื•ื‘ื ื’: ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ.
01:10
No, they're not the same. (Laughter)
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ืœื, ื”ื ืื™ื ื ื–ื”ื™ื. [ืฆื—ื•ืง]
01:12
They're not the same. The top one is 10 percent longer than the bottom one.
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ื”ื ืœื ื–ื”ื™ื. ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืืจื•ืš ื‘-10% ืžื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ.
01:16
So why did you tell me they were the same? Do you remember when we were kids at school,
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ืื– ืžื“ื•ืข ืืžืจืชื ืฉื”ื ื–ื”ื™ื? ืืชื ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื, ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื ื‘ื‘ื™ื”"ืก,
01:19
about that big, they played the same trick on us?
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ื•ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื”ืจืื• ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื˜ืจื™ืง ื”ื–ื”?
01:21
It was to teach us parallax. Do you remember?
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ืžื” ื–ื” "ื”ื™ืกื˜". ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื?
01:24
And you got, you said, "It's the same!" And you got it wrong.
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ื•ืืชื ืืžืจืชื, "ื”ื ื–ื”ื™ื!" ื•ื˜ืขื™ืชื.
01:27
You remember? And you learned the answer, and you've carried this answer in your head for 10, 20, 30, 40 years:
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ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื? ื•ืื– ืœืžื“ืชื ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื–ื›ืจืชื ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืžืฉืš 10, 20, 30, 40 ืฉื ื”:
01:31
The answer is the same. The answer is the same. So when you're asked what the lengths are,
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ื”ื™ื ื ื•ืชืจื” ืื•ืชื” ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ืื– ื›ืฉืืชื ื ืฉืืœื™ื ืžื”ื ื”ืื•ืจื›ื™ื,
01:34
you say they're the same, but they're not the same, because I've changed it.
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ืืชื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ื–ื”ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืœื, ื›ื™ ืฉื™ื ื™ืชื™ ืžืฉื”ื•.
01:37
And this is what I'm trying to explain has happened to us in the 21st century.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžื–ื” ื–ืžืŸ-ืžื” ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืงืจื” ืœื ื• ื‘ืžืื” ื”-21.
01:41
Somebody or something has changed the rules
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื
01:44
about how our world works.
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ืฉืœ ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืขื•ืœืช ืขื•ืœืžื ื•.
01:46
When I'm joking, I try and explain it happened at midnight,
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ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืžืชืœื•ืฆืฅ, ืื ื™ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื–ื” ืงืจื” ื‘ื—ืฆื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืœื”,
01:48
you see, while we were asleep, but it was midnight 15 years ago. Okay?
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉื ื•, ืื‘ืœ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ืฆื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ 15 ืฉื ื”, ื›ืŸ?
01:52
You didn't notice it? But basically, what they do is,
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ืœื ืฉืžืชื ืœื‘? ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ืช, ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื,
01:55
they switched all the rules round, so that the way to
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ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื, ื•ื–ื• ื”ื“ืจืš
01:58
successfully run a business, an organization, or even a country,
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ืœื ื”ืœ ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืขืกืง, ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
02:01
has been deleted, flipped, and it's a completely new
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ื”ื›ืœ ื ืžื—ืง, ืขื•ืงื, ื•ื›ืขืช ื”ื›ืœ ื—ื“ืฉ -
02:04
โ€” you think I'm joking, don't you โ€” there's a completely new set of rules in operation. (Laughter)
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- ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืžืชืœื•ืฆืฅ? - ืคื•ืขืœืช ื›ืขืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื”. [ืฆื—ื•ืง]
02:08
Did you notice that? I mean, you missed this one.
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ืฉืžืชื ืœื‘? ื˜ืขื™ืชื ื‘ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ื–ื•.
02:10
You probably โ€” No, you didn't. Okay. (Laughter)
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ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื -- ืœื, ืœื ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื. [ืฆื—ื•ืง]
02:12
My simple idea is that what's happened is,
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื”ื•ื,
02:16
the real 21st century around us isn't so obvious to us,
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ืฉื”ืžืื” ื”-21 ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื• ืื™ื ื” ื›ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืœื ื•,
02:20
so instead we spend our time responding rationally
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื• ืžื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื™ื ืืช ื–ืžื ื ื• ืขืœ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืจืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื•ืช
02:23
to a world which we understand and recognize,
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ืœืขื•ืœื ืฉืื•ืชื• ืื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื,
02:26
but which no longer exists.
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ืืš ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื ื• ืงื™ื™ื.
02:29
You don't believe me, do you? Okay. (Applause)
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ืื™ื ื›ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืœื™? ื‘ืกื“ืจ. [ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
02:31
So let me take you on a little journey of many of the things I don't understand.
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ื”ื‘ื” ื•ืืงื— ืืชื›ื ืœืžืกืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ.
02:36
If you search Amazon for the word "creativity,"
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ืื ืชื—ืคืฉื• ื‘"ืืžื–ื•ืŸ" ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช",
02:38
you'll discover something like 90,000 books.
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ืชื’ืœื• ื‘ืขืจืš 90,000 ืกืคืจื™ื.
02:41
If you go on Google and you look for "innovation + creativity,"
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ืื ืชืœื›ื• ืœ"ื’ื•ื’ืœ" ื•ืชื—ืคืฉื• "ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช + ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช",
02:44
you get 30 million hits. If you add the word "consultants," it doubles to 60 million. (Laughter)
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ืชืงื‘ืœื• 30 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช. ืื ืชื•ืกื™ืคื• "ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื" ื–ื” ื™ื•ื›ืคืœ ืœ-60 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ. [ืฆื—ื•ืง]
02:48
Are you with me? And yet, statistically, what you discover
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ืืชื ืื™ืชื™? ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช, ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืชื’ืœื•
02:51
is that about one in 100,000 ideas is found making money
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ืฉื‘ืขืจืš 1 ืžื›ืœ 100,000 ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืชื’ืœื” ื›ืจื•ื•ื—ื™
02:54
or delivering benefits two years after its inception.
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ืื• ืฉืžื›ื ื™ืก ื›ืกืฃ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื’ื• ืื•ืชื•.
02:57
It makes no sense. Companies make their expensive executives
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ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™. ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžื˜ื™ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื”ื™ืงืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ื
03:00
spend ages carefully preparing forecasts and budgets
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ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ื•ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื
03:03
which are obsolete or need changing before they can be published.
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ืฉืžืชื™ื™ืฉื ื™ื ืื• ื˜ืขื•ื ื™ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืคืจืกื•ืžื.
03:07
How is that possible? If you look at the visions we have,
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ืื™ืš ื–ื” ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ? ืื ืชื‘ื“ืงื• ืžื” ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•,
03:11
the visions of how we're going to change the world,
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ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื™ืš ื ืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื,
03:12
the key thing is implementation. We have the vision.
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ื”ืžืคืชื— ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื. ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื—ื–ื•ืŸ,
03:15
We've got to make it happen.
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ื•ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื’ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื•.
03:16
We've spent decades professionalizing implementation.
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ื”ืงื“ืฉื ื• ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื ืœื”ืชืžืงืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื.
03:19
People are supposed to be good at making stuff happen.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ.
03:22
However, if I use as an example a family of five
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืืงื— ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ืช 5 ื ืคืฉื•ืช
03:27
going on holiday, if you can imagine this,
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ืฉื™ื•ืฆืืช ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื”, ืื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื–ื”,
03:29
all the way from London all the way across to Hong Kong,
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ืžืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื•ืขื“ ื”ื•ื ื’-ืงื•ื ื’,
03:34
what I want you to think about is their budget is only 3,000 pounds of expenses.
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ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืฉืชื™ืงื—ื• ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื–ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื•ื 3,000 ืœื™ืฉ"ื˜ ื‘ืœื‘ื“,
03:38
What actually happens is, if I compare this to the average
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ืื– ืื ืื ื™ ืžืฉื•ื•ื” ื–ืืช ืœืžื™ื–ื ืืžื™ืชื™ ืžืžื•ืฆืข,
03:41
real project, average real successful project,
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ื”ืžื™ื–ื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื”ืžืฆืœื™ื— ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข,
03:47
the family actually end up in Makassar, South Sulawesi,
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ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืชืžืฆื ืืช ืขืฆืžื” ื‘ืžืืงืืกืืจ ืฉื‘ื“ืจื•ื ืกื•ืœืื•ื•ืืกื™
03:51
at a cost of 4,000 pounds,
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ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœ 4,000 ืœื™ืฉ"ื˜,
03:54
whilst leaving two of the children behind. (Laughter)
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ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืฉืื™ืจื” ืžืื—ื•ืจ 2 ื™ืœื“ื™ื. [ืฆื—ื•ืง]
03:57
What I'm trying to explain to you is, there are things which don't make sense to us.
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ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื›ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื ื•.
04:01
It gets even worse than that. Let me just walk you through this one.
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ื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื’ืจื•ืข ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ื‘ื” ื•ืืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื.
04:05
This is a quote, and I'll just pick words out of it.
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ื–ืืช ืฆื™ื˜ื˜ื”, ื•ืื ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื•ืฆื™ื ืžืžื ื” ืžืœื™ื.
04:08
It says -- I'll put on the voice -- "In summary, your Majesty,
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ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื” -- ืื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืงื•ืœื™ -- "ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ื”ื•ื“ ืžืขืœืชืš,
04:11
the failure to foresee the timing, extent and severity
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ื”ื›ืฉืœื•ืŸ ืœื—ื–ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื–ืžื•ืŸ, ื”ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื•ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื”
04:15
of the crisis was due to the lack of creativity
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ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื ื‘ืข ื‘ื”ืขื“ืจ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช
04:18
and the number of bright minds," or something like that.
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ื•ืžืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื," ืื• ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื–ื”.
04:22
This was a group of eminent economists apologizing to the Queen of England
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ื–ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื›ืœื›ืœื ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืžืชื ืฆืœืช ืœืคื ื™ ืžืœื›ืช ืื ื’ืœื™ื”
04:26
when she asked the question,
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ืฉืฉืืœื”,
04:28
"Why did no one tell us that the crisis was coming?" (Laughter)
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"ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ืืžืจื• ืœื™ ืฉื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ืžืชืงืจื‘?" [ืฆื—ื•ืง]
04:31
I'll never get my knighthood. I'll never get my knighthood. (Laughter)
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ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืื–ื›ื” ืœืชื•ืืจ ืื‘ื™ืจื•ืช! ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืื–ื›ื” ืœืชื•ืืจ ืื‘ื™ืจื•ืช! [ืฆื—ื•ืง]
04:34
That's not the important point. The thing you have to remember is,
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ืœื ื–ื• ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืขืœื™ื›ื ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื,
04:36
these are eminent economists, some of the smartest people
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ืฉืืœื” ื›ืœื›ืœื ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื, ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
04:40
on the planet. Do you see the challenge? (Laughter)
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ืขืœื™-ืื“ืžื•ืช. ืืชื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืืชื’ืจ? [ืฆื—ื•ืง]
04:43
It's scary. My friend and mentor, Tim Brown of IDEO,
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ื–ื” ืžืคื—ื™ื“. ื™ื“ื™ื“ื™ ื•ืžื•ืจื™ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™, ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืจืื•ืŸ ืž"ืื™ื“ืื•",
04:48
he explains that design must get big, and he's right.
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ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ื“ืง.
04:52
He wisely explains this to us. He says design thinking
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ื”ื•ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื ื• ื–ืืช ื‘ื—ื•ื›ืžื”. ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชื›ื ื•ื ื™ืช
04:54
must tackle big systems for the challenges we have.
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ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ืฉืžื•ืœื ื•.
04:57
He's absolutely right.
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ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ื“ืง ืœื’ืžืจื™.
04:59
And then I ask myself, "Why was it ever small?"
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ื•ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™, "ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืงื˜ืŸ?"
05:02
Isn't it weird? You know, if collaboration is so cool,
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ืžื•ื–ืจ, ืœื? ืื ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ-ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื–ื” ืžื’ื ื™ื‘,
05:06
is cross-functional working is so amazing,
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ืื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืชื™ืคืงื•ื“ื™ืช ืฆื•ืœื‘ืช ื”ื™ื ื›ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”,
05:08
why did we build these huge hierarchies? What's going on?
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ืœืžื” ื‘ื ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืจืจื›ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”? ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ืคื”?
05:14
You see, I think what's happened, perhaps, is that
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ืœื“ืขืชื™, ืžื” ืฉืื•ืœื™ ืงืจื”,
05:18
we've not noticed that change I described earlier.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื ืจืื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืชื™ืืจืชื™ ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”.
05:22
What we do know is that the world has accelerated.
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ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœื ื• ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื ืขืฉื” ืžื”ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
05:25
Cyberspace moves everything at the speed of light.
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ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืืœื™ ืžื ื™ืข ืืช ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื•ืจ.
05:27
Technology accelerates things exponentially.
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ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืžืื™ืฆื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื ื“ืกื™.
05:30
So if this is now, and that's the past,
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ืื– ืื ื–ื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื•ื–ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจ,
05:32
and we start thinking about change, you know,
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ื•ืื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™,
05:33
all governments are seeking change, you're here seeking change,
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ื›ืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืฉื•ืืคื•ืช ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™, ื’ื ืืชื ืฉื•ืืคื™ื ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™,
05:36
everybody's after change, it's really cool. (Laughter)
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ื›ื•ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™. ื–ื” ื ื•ืจื ืžื’ื ื™ื‘. [ืฆื—ื•ืง]
05:38
So what happens is, we get this wonderful whooshing acceleration and change.
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ืืฆื” ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื ืคืœืื™ื ืฉื˜ืกื™ื ื•ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื ื•.
05:43
The speed is accelerating. That's not the only thing.
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ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื’ื•ื‘ืจืช. ื•ืœื ืจืง ื–ื”,
05:47
At the same time, as we've done that, we've done something really weird.
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ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืžืฉ ืžื•ื–ืจ.
05:50
We've doubled the population in 40 years,
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ื”ื›ืคืœื ื• ืชื•ืš 40 ืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื”,
05:52
put half of them in cities, then connected them all up so they can interact.
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ืฉืžื ื• ื—ืฆื™ ืžื”ื ื‘ืขืจื™ื ื•ืงื™ืฉืจื ื• ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื—ืกื™-ื’ื•ืžืœื™ืŸ.
05:56
The density of the interaction of human beings is amazing.
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ื“ื—ื™ืกื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ื’ื•ืžืœื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”.
05:59
There are charts which show all these movements of information. That density of information is amazing.
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ื™ืฉ ืชืจืฉื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืชื ื•ืขืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื•. ื“ื—ื™ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”.
06:04
And then we've done a third thing.
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ื•ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื’ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™.
06:05
you know, for those of you who have as an office
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ืืœื” ืžื›ื ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ -
06:07
a little desk underneath the stairs, and you say, well this is my little desk under the stairs,
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- ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืชื—ืช ืœื’ืจื ื”ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช - ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื, ื–ื” ืฉื•ืœื—ื ื™ ื”ืงื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืชื—ืช ืœืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช,
06:13
no! You are sitting at the headquarters of a global corporation if you're connected to the Internet.
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ืœื! ืืชื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืื ืืชื ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜.
06:19
What's happened is, we've changed the scale.
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ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื”ื•ื ืฉืฉื™ื ื™ื ื• ืืช ืงื ื” ื”ืžื™ื“ื”.
06:22
Size and scale are no longer the same.
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ื”ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื•ืงื ื” ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื ื–ื”ื™ื.
06:25
And then add to that, every time you tweet,
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ืชื•ืกื™ืคื• ืœื›ืš ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืืชื ืžืฆื™ื™ืฆื™ื,
06:28
over a third of your followers follow from a country
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ืžืขืœ ืฉืœื™ืฉ ื”ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ืžืืจืฅ
06:31
which is not your own.
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ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืืจืฆื›ื.
06:34
Global is the new scale. We know that.
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ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืงื ื” ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉ. ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื–ืืช.
06:37
And so people say things like, "The world is now a turbulent place." Have you heard them saying things like that?
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ืื– ืื•ืžืจื™ื: "ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ืขืช ืกื•ืขืจ." ืฉืžืขืชื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืš?
06:41
And they use it as a metaphor. Have you come across this?
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ื•ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื–ืืช ื›ื“ื™ืžื•ื™. ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืชืงืœืชื ื‘ื–ื”?
06:44
And they think it's a metaphor, but this is not a metaphor.
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ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื“ื™ืžื•ื™. ืืš ื–ื” ืื™ื ื ื• ื“ื™ืžื•ื™.
06:47
It's reality. As a young engineering student, I remember
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ื–ื• ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื›ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ ืฆืขื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื“ืกื” ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ
06:50
going to a demonstration where they basically,
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ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื”ื“ื’ืžื” ืฉื‘ื”
06:54
the demonstrator did something quite intriguing.
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ื”ืžื“ื’ื™ื ืขืฉื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื“ื™ ืžืกืงืจืŸ.
06:56
What he did was, he got a transparent pipe โ€” have you seen this demonstration before? โ€”
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ืฉืงื•ืฃ -- ืจืื™ืชื ื›ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ื“ื’ืžื” ื”ื–ื•? --
07:02
he attached it to a tap. So effectively what you had was,
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ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืœื‘ืจื–, ื•ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžื” ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื”ื•ื
07:05
you had a situation where โ€” I'll try and draw the tap
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ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• -- ืื ืกื” ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื–
07:08
and the pipe, actually I'll skip the tap. The taps are hard.
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ื•ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ. ื‘ืขืฆื ืื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจื–. ืงืฉื” ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ ื‘ืจื–ื™ื.
07:11
Okay? So I'll write the word "tap." Is that okay? It's a tap. (Laughter)
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ? ืื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ื‘ืจื–". ื‘ืกื“ืจ? ื–ื” ื”ื‘ืจื–. [ืฆื—ื•ืง]
07:14
Okay, so he attaches it to a transparent pipe, and he turns the water on.
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ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืœืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ืฉืงื•ืฃ, ืคืชื— ืืช ื”ืžื™ื,
07:18
And he says, do you notice anything? And the water is whooshing down this pipe.
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ื•ืฉืืœ, "ืืชื ืฉืžื™ื ืœื‘ ืœืžืฉื”ื• ืžื™ื•ื—ื“? ื•ื”ืžื™ื ื–ื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ.
07:20
I mean, this is not exciting stuff. Are you with me?
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ืœื ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืจื’ืฉ. ืืชื ืื™ืชื™?
07:24
So the water goes up. He turns it back down. Great.
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ื”ืžื™ื ื–ื•ืจืžื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืกื•ื’ืจ ืื•ืชื. ื™ื•ืคื™.
07:28
And he says, "Anything you notice?" No. Then he sticks a needle into the pipe,
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ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืืœ, "ืฉืžืชื ืœื‘ ืœืžืฉื”ื•?" ืœื. ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ืชื•ืงืข ืžื—ื˜ ื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ,
07:31
and he connects this to a container, and he fills
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ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชื” ืœืžื™ื›ืœ ื•ืžืžืœื
07:34
the container up with green ink. You with me?
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ืืช ื”ืžื™ื›ืœ ื‘ื“ื™ื• ื™ืจื•ืงื”. ืืชื ืื™ืชื™?
07:37
So guess what happens? A thin green line comes out
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ืžื” ืœื“ืขืชื›ื ืงืจื”? ื™ืฆื ืงื• ื™ืจื•ืง
07:41
as it flows down the pipe. It's not that interesting.
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ื•ื–ืจื ื‘ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ. ืœื ืžืžืฉ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
07:45
And then he turns the water up a bit, so it starts coming back in. And nothing changes.
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ื”ื•ื ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื–ืจื, ื”ืžื™ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื, ื•ื›ืœื•ื ืœื ืžืฉืชื ื”.
07:49
So he's changing the flow of the water, but it's just a boring green line.
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ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ืขื•ืฆืžืช ื”ื–ืจื™ืžื”, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืกืชื ืงื• ื™ืจื•ืง ืžืฉืขืžื.
07:53
He adds some more. He adds some more. And then something weird happens.
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ื”ื•ืจ ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืืช ื”ื–ืจื. ื•ืื– ืงื•ืจื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืฉื•ื ื”.
07:55
There's this little flicker, and then as he turns it ever so slightly more,
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ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื”ื•ื‘ ืงืฆืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืขื•ื“ ืงืฆืช ืืช ื”ื–ืจื,
08:01
the whole of that green line disappears, and instead
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ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืงื• ื”ื™ืจื•ืง ื ืขืœื, ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•
08:04
there are these little sort of inky dust devils close to the needle.
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ืžื•ืคื™ืขื•ืช ืžืขื™ืŸ ืกื•ืคื•ืช ืื‘ืง ื™ืจื•ืงื•ืช ืœื™ื“ ื”ืกื™ื›ื”.
08:07
They're called eddies. Not me. And they're violently dispersing the ink
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ืžื›ื ื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ "ืื“ื™" (ืžืขืจื‘ื•ืœืช). ื–ื” ืœื ืื ื™. ื”ืŸ ืžืคื–ืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ื•ื— ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื•
08:10
so that it actually gets diluted out, and the color's gone.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžื™ื“ืœืœืช, ื•ื”ืฆื‘ืข ื ืขืœื.
08:14
What's happened in this world of pipe
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ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ
08:18
is somebody has flipped it. They've changed the rules from laminar to turbulent.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ื ื” ืื•ืชื•. ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืชื ื” ืžืขื•ืœื ืžืจื•ื‘ื“ ืœืกื•ืขืจ.
08:22
All the rules are gone. In that environment, instantly,
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ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื ืขืœืžื•. ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ื–ื•, ื‘ื‘ืช-ืื—ืช,
08:25
all the possibilities which turbulence brings are available,
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ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืฆื‘ ื”ืกืขืจื” ืžื‘ื™ื ื ืขืฉื• ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช,
08:29
and it's not the same as laminar.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื›ืžื• ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืจื•ื‘ื“.
08:32
And if we didn't have that green ink, you'd never notice.
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ื•ืื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉื ื“ื™ื• ื™ืจื•ืงื” ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ืจืื” ืœืขื™ืŸ.
08:37
And I think this is our challenge, because somebody
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ื•ืœื“ืขืชื™ ื–ื” ื”ืืชื’ืจ ืฉืœื ื•, ื›ื™ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•
08:41
has actually increased โ€” and it's probably you guys with all your tech and stuff โ€”
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ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ -- ื•ืืœื” ื•ื“ืื™ ืืชื ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื --
08:45
the speed, the scale and the density of interaction.
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ืืช ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช, ืืช ืงื ื” ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืืช ื“ื—ื™ืกื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ื’ื•ืžืœื™ืŸ.
08:49
Now how do we cope and deal with that?
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ื•ืื™ืš ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ื–ื”?
08:50
Well, we could just call it turbulence, or we could try and learn.
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ืืคืฉืจ ืกืชื ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื–ื” ื‘ืœื’ืŸ, ืื• ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืœืžื•ื“.
08:54
Yes, learn, but I know you guys grew up in the days when
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ื›ืŸ, ืœืœืžื•ื“. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืืชื ื’ื“ืœืชื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื”
08:59
there were actually these things called correct answers,
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ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื ืงืจื "ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช",
09:02
because of the answer you gave me to the horizontal line puzzle,
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ืœืคื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื›ื ืœื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืื•ืคืงื™ื™ื,
09:05
and you believe it will last forever.
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ื•ืืชื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื™ื™ืžืฉืš ื›ืš ืœื ืฆื—.
09:07
So I'll put a little line up here which represents learning,
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ืืฆื™ื™ืจ ื›ืืŸ ืงื• ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื”,
09:10
and that's how we used to do it. We could see things,
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ื›ื›ื” ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื–ืืช ืคืขื. ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื,
09:12
understand them, take the time to put them into practice.
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ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื, ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืื•ืชื.
09:15
Out here is the world. Now, what's happened to our pace
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ื•ื›ืืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื•ืžื” ืงืจื” ืœืงืฆื‘ ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื•
09:19
of learning as the world has accelerated? Well, if you work
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ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืื™ืฅ? ืื ืืชื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื
09:22
for a corporation, you'll discover it's quite difficult to work
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชืื’ื™ื“, ืชื’ืœื• ืฉื“ื™ ืงืฉื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“
09:24
on stuff which your boss doesn't approve of, isn't in the strategy,
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ื‘ืกื’ืœ ืฉืœื ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื•ืก, ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืื™ืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื”,
09:27
and anyway, you've got to go through your monthly meetings.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื•ืช.
09:30
If you work in an institution, one day you will get them to make that decision.
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ืื ืืชื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืžื•ืกื“, ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืชืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ื ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื›ืš.
09:35
And if you work in a market where people believe in cycles,
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ื•ืื ืืชื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง ืฉื‘ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ื,
09:38
it's even funnier, because you have to wait all the way
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ื–ื” ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื•ื ื”, ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื›ื ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ
09:40
for the cycle to fail before you go, "There's something wrong." You with me?
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ืขื“ ืฉื”ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื™ื™ื›ืฉืœ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื•ืžืจ, "ืžืฉื”ื• ืœื ื‘ืกื“ืจ." ืืชื ืื™ืชื™?
09:44
So it's likely that the line, in terms of learning, is pretty flat.
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ืื– ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื”ืงื•, ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื”, ื”ื•ื ืฉื˜ื•ื— ืœืžื“ื™.
09:50
You with me? This point over here, the point at which
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ืืชื ืื™ืชื™? ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื›ืืŸ, ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ื”
09:54
the lines cross over, the pace of change
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ื”ืงื•ื•ื™ื ืžืฆื˜ืœื‘ื™ื, ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™
09:58
overtakes the pace of learning,
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ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื”,
10:01
and for me, that is what I was describing
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ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืชื™ืืจืชื™
10:04
when I was telling you about midnight.
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ื›ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ ืขืœ ื—ืฆื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืœื”.
10:07
So what does it do to us? Well, it completely transforms what we have to do,
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ืื– ืžื” ื–ื” ืžืขื•ืœืœ ืœื ื•? ื–ื” ืžืฉื ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืืช ืžื” ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
10:10
many mistakes we make. We solve last year's problems
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ืื ื• ื˜ื•ืขื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื”. ืื ื• ืคื•ืชืจื™ื ืืช ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื”
10:14
without thinking about the future. If you try and think about it,
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“. ืื ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื–ื”,
10:17
the things you're solving now, what problems are they going to bring in the future?
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืชื ืคื•ืชืจื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื, ืžื” ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ื™ื’ืจืžื• ื‘ืขืชื™ื“?
10:19
If you haven't understood the world you're living in,
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ืื ืœื ื”ื‘ื ืชื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื• ืืชื ื—ื™ื™ื,
10:22
it's almost impossible to be absolutely certain that what you're going to deliver fits.
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ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืœืชื™-ืืคืฉืจื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืฉื”ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื ื™ืชืื™ืžื•.
10:26
I'll give you an example, a quick one. Creativity and ideas,
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ืืชืŸ ืœื›ื ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืžื”ื™ืจื”. ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช,
10:29
I mentioned that earlier. All the CEOs around me, my clients, they want innovation,
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ื”ื–ื›ืจืชื™ ืื•ืชื ืงื•ื“ื. ื›ืœ ื”ืžื ื›"ืœื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ื™, ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืชื™, ืจื•ืฆื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช,
10:32
so they seek innovation. They say to people, "Take risks and be creative!"
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ื•ืฉื•ืืคื™ื ืœื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช. ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื, "ืงื— ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ! ืชื”ื™ื” ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™!"
10:35
But unfortunately the words get transformed as they travel through the air.
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ื”ืžืฆืขืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืžืœื™ื ืžืฉืชื ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืฉื”ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจ.
10:38
Entering their ears, what they hear is, "Do crazy things and then I'll fire you." Why? (Laughter) Because โ€”
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ื›ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืœืื•ื–ืŸ ื”ืŸ ื ืฉืžืขื•ืช ื›ืš: "ืื ืชืขืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืฉื•ื’ืขื™ื, ืชืคื•ื˜ืจ." ืžื“ื•ืข? [ืฆื—ื•ืง]
10:42
Why? Because in the old world, okay, in the old world,
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ืžื“ื•ืข? ื›ื™ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ืฉืŸ. ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ืฉืŸ,
10:46
over here, getting stuff wrong was unacceptable.
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ื›ืืŸ, ืœืฉื’ื•ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ.
10:49
If you got something wrong, you'd failed. How should you be treated?
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ืื ืฉื’ื™ืชื, ืคื•ื˜ืจืชื. ืœืื™ื–ื” ื™ื—ืก ืฆื™ืคื™ืชื?
10:51
Well, harshly, because you could have asked somebody who had experience.
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ื™ื—ืก ื ื•ืงืฉื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื›ื ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืขืœ ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ.
10:54
So we learned the answer and we carried this in our heads for 20, 30 years, are you with me?
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ืื– ืœืžื“ื ื• ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื–ื›ืจื ื• ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืžืฉืš 20, 30 ืฉื ื”. ืืชื ืื™ืชื™?
10:59
The answer is, don't do things which are different.
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื, ืœื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
11:02
And then suddenly we tell them to and it doesn't work.
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ื•ืœืคืชืข ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื”ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—.
11:04
You see, in reality, there are two ways you can fail in our new world.
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ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื™ืฉ 2 ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื™ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื ื• ื”ื—ื“ืฉ.
11:07
One, you're doing something that you should follow a procedure to, and it's a very difficult thing,
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ืื—ืช: ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืœืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœ, ื•ื–ื” ืงืฉื” ืžืื“,
11:11
you're sloppy, you get it wrong. How should you be treated? You should probably be fired.
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ืžืชืจืฉืœื™ื, ื˜ื•ืขื™ื. ืžื”ื• ื”ื™ื—ืก ื”ืฆืคื•ื™? ื•ื“ืื™ ืคื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ืŸ.
11:14
On the other hand, you're doing something new, no one's ever done before,
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ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™, ืื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ื—ื“ืฉ, ืฉืื™ืฉ ื˜ืจื ืขืฉื”,
11:17
you get it completely wrong. How should you be treated?
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ื•ืืชื ื˜ื•ืขื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™, ืื™ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื›ื?
11:19
Well, free pizzas! You should be treated better than the people who succeed.
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ืคื™ืฆื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื! ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื›ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ืœืžื™ ืฉืžืฆืœื™ื—.
11:23
It's called smart failure. Why? Because you can't put it on your C.V.
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ื–ื” ื ืงืจื "ื›ืฉืœื•ืŸ ื—ื›ื". ืžื“ื•ืข? ื›ื™ ืœื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืฉื•ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื.
11:27
So what I want to leave you, then, is with the explanation
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ืื– ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื›ื
11:29
of why I actually traveled 60,000 miles from my desk.
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ืžื“ื•ืข ื ืกืขืชื™ 96,000 ืง"ืž ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืฉืœื™.
11:33
When I realized the power of this new world,
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ื›ืฉื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื”,
11:35
I quit my safe teaching job, and set up a virtual business school,
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ื”ืชืคื˜ืจืชื™ ืžืžืฉืจืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื” ื”ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืฉืœื™, ื•ื”ืงืžืชื™ ื‘ื™"ืก ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืืœื™ ืœืขืกืงื™ื,
11:40
the first in the world, in order to teach people how to make this happen,
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ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื“ ืื™ืš ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื”,
11:43
and I used some of my learnings about some of the rules which I'd learned on myself.
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ื•ื”ืฉืชืžืฉืชื™ ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžืžื” ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™ ืขืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื™.
11:49
If you're interested, worldaftermidnight.com, you'll find out more,
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ืื ื–ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืืชื›ื, ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ worldaftermidnight.com
11:52
but I've applied them to myself for over a decade,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื™ื™ืฉืžืชื™ ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื™ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืžืขืœ ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื,
11:55
and I'm still here, and I still have my house, and the most important thing is,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื™, ื•ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘,
11:58
I hope I've done enough to inject a little green ink into your lives,
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืžืกืคื™ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื–ืจื™ืง ืžืขื˜ ื“ื™ื• ื™ืจื•ืงื” ืœื—ื™ื™ื›ื,
12:04
so that when you go away and you're making your next
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืชืฆืื• ืžื›ืืŸ ื•ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื”ื‘ืื”,
12:06
absolutely sensible and rational decision, you'll take some time to think,
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ื”ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืจืฆื™ื•ื ืืœื™ืช ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืฉืœื›ื, ืชืงื“ื™ืฉื• ื–ืžืŸ ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ื”,
12:11
"Hmm, I wonder whether this also makes sense
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"ื”ืžืž. ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื–ื” ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ ื’ื
12:14
in our new world after midnight." Thank you very much.
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ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื ื• ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื™-ื—ืฆื•ืช." ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
12:17
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
12:24
Thank you, thank you. (Applause)
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”. ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”. [ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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