We Can Make COVID-19 the Last Pandemic | Bill Gates | TED

792,262 views ใƒป 2022-04-22

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Guy Ernest ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Naama Lieberman
00:04
In the year 6 CE,
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ื‘ืฉื ืช 6 ืœืกืคื™ืจื”,
00:07
a fire devastated Rome.
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ืฉืจืคื” ืคื’ืขื” ืงืฉื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืžื.
00:09
In response,
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ื›ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”,
00:11
Emperor Augustus did something that had never been done before
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ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ื•ืก ืขืฉื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ
00:15
in the history of the Empire.
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ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื”.
00:18
He created a permanent team of firefighters
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืงื™ื ืฆื•ื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉืœ ืžื›ื‘ื™ ืืฉ
00:22
who used buckets just like this one.
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ืฉื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื“ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ื”ื“ืœื™ ื”ื–ื”.
00:26
Augustus understood that individuals alone can't protect themselves from fires.
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ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ื•ืก ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ื“ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืจืคื•ืช.
00:32
They need help from the community.
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ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืขื–ืจื” ืžื”ืงื”ื™ืœื”.
00:35
When one person's house is on fire,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืื—ื“ ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืืฉ,
00:37
that creates a risk for everyone else's homes.
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ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื.
00:41
And so what we've had these last few years is like a horrific global fire.
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ื•ื›ืš, ืžื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื ื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืฉืจืคื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ืื™ื•ืžื”.
00:48
The COVID pandemic has killed millions and upended economies,
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ืžื’ืคืช ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ื”ืจื’ื” ืžืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืจื™ืกืงื” ื›ืœื›ืœื•ืช,
00:53
and we want to stop that from happening again.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžื–ื” ืœืงืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื‘.
00:58
COVID, it's hard to overstate how awful it's been.
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ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”, ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื’ื–ื™ื ื›ืžื” ื ื•ืจืื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื”.
01:03
It's increased the health inequities between the rich and the poor.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื™ืœื” ืืช ืื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื.
01:08
Survival depended partly on your income, your race,
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ื”ื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื—ืœืงื” ื‘ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืฉืœืš, ื‘ื’ื–ืข ืฉืœืš,
01:12
the neighborhood you lived in.
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ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื’ืจืช.
01:14
And so we should seize this opportunity
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืื—ื– ื‘ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช
01:17
to create a world where everyone has a chance
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ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื ืฉื‘ื• ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™
01:20
to live a healthy and productive life.
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ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื•ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื™ื.
01:23
Also a life free from the fear of the next COVID-19.
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ื•ื’ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื™ื ืžืคื—ื“ ืžืžื’ืคืช ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ื”ื‘ืื”.
01:30
When I was on this stage in 2015,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืžื” ื”ื–ืืช ื‘-2015,
01:33
I was one of many people who said
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื—ื“ ืžื ื™ ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉืืžืจื•
01:36
we weren't ready and we needed to get ready.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื.
01:40
We didn't.
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ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื•.
01:42
The speech actually was watched by a lot of people.
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ื”ื ืื•ื ื ื™ืฆืคื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื
01:45
But 90 percent of the views were after it was too late.
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ืื‘ืœ 90 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ืฆืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืžื“ื™.
01:50
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:53
So now I hope the need is clear.
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ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืจื•ืจ.
01:58
And of course, we've learned a lot.
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืœืžื“ื ื• ืจื‘ื•ืช.
02:00
During this pandemic,
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžื’ื™ืคื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช,
02:01
a lot of things worked well, a lot of things didn't work well.
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื‘ื“ื• ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื ืขื‘ื“ื• ื˜ื•ื‘.
02:06
And so we have all that knowledge to build a prevention system.
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ื•ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื” ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื ื™ืขื”.
02:11
COVID-19 can be the last pandemic if we take the right steps.
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ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืคื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืื ื ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื.
02:18
So how, what are these steps?
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ืื–, ืžื”ื ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื”?
02:22
Well, let's go back and look at what the Romans did.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ื ืจืื” ืžื” ืขืฉื• ื”ืจื•ืžืื™ื.
02:26
Think about how, over time, we've gotten good at preventing big fires.
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ื—ืฉื‘ื• ื›ื™ืฆื“, ืขื ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื ื™ืขืช ืฉืจืคื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช.
02:32
Fire prevention is kind of this pervasive thing.
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ืžื ื™ืขืช ืฉืจืคื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื™ ื ืคื•ืฅ.
02:35
It's well funded.
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ื”ื™ื ืžืžื•ืžื ืช ื”ื™ื˜ื‘.
02:36
It's well understood.
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ื”ื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื ืช ื”ื™ื˜ื‘.
02:38
If an alarm went off right now,
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ืื ืชื”ื™ื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื–ืขืงื”,
02:40
everyone here would know we're supposed to calmly gather,
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ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืชืืกืฃ ื‘ืฉืงื˜,
02:44
go out and wait instructions.
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ืœืฆืืช ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ื•ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืจืื•ืช.
02:46
We'd know that help would be on the way
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ืขื–ืจื” ื‘ื“ืจืš
02:48
because we have lots of trained firefighters who practice.
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ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื›ื‘ืื™ื ืžื ื•ืกื™ื ืฉืžืชืืžื ื™ื.
02:52
The United States alone has 370,000 full-time firefighters,
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ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื™ืฉ 370,000 ื›ื‘ืื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื” ืžืœืื”,
02:58
even more than I guessed that number would be.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื”ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืื ื™ ื ื™ื—ืฉืชื™.
03:02
We also have access to water.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื’ื ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืžื™ื.
03:04
The United States, for example, has almost nine million fire hydrants.
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ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื™ืฉ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืชืฉืขื” ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื–ื™ ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืืฉ.
03:10
And so that type of investment, that type of practice,
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ื•ื›ืš ืกื•ื’ ื›ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืงืขื”, ืกื•ื’ ื›ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืชืจื’ื•ืœ,
03:13
that type of system is what we need to stop pandemics.
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ืกื•ื’ ื›ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื•ื ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืœื•ื ืžื’ืคื•ืช ืขื•ืœืžื™ื•ืช.
03:20
Now, often in movies, we'll have pandemics.
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ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืกืจื˜ื™ื, ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ืžื’ืคื•ืช ืขื•ืœืžื™ื•ืช.
03:23
And I'm always impressed with what takes place.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืชืจืฉื ืžืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืฉื.
03:25
Let's look at an example of this rapid response.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืจืื” ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืœื›ื–ืืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžื”ื™ืจื”.
03:29
[Motaba River Valley, Zaire]
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[ืขืžืง ื ื”ืจ ืžื•ื˜ืื‘ื”, ื–ืื™ืจ]
03:31
(Helicopter rotors whirring)
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(ื–ืžื–ื•ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ ืžืกื•ืง)
03:46
Well, that's quite impressive.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื“ื™ ืžืจืฉื™ื.
03:47
We don't need the music,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”,
03:49
but otherwise we saw exactly what should happen.
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ืื‘ืœ ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื–ื” ืจืื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงืจื•ืช.
03:52
An outbreakโ€™s detected.
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ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช ื”ืชื’ืœืชื”.
03:54
Very quickly, literally within days,
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ืžื”ืจ ืžืื“, ืžืžืฉ ืชื•ืš ื™ืžื™ื,
03:57
doctors are dispatched.
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ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื ืฉืœื—ื•.
03:59
They have a helicopter to get into exactly ground zero.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžืกื•ืง ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืœื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืืคืก.
04:03
They go in there, and theyโ€™ve got the right tools.
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ื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืฉื, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื.
04:06
And this is what should happen when an outbreak is spotted.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงืจื•ืช ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช ืžื–ื•ื”ื”.
04:12
But we don't have that team, we don't have those resources.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื–ื”, ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
04:17
And if an outbreak took place in a low-income country,
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ื•ืื ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื ืžื•ื›ื”,
04:21
it could be literally months
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ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื—ืช ืžืžืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื
04:22
before we started to orchestrate those resources.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืืจื’ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
04:25
So despite what you see in movies,
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ืื– ืœืžืจื•ืช ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืกืจื˜ื™ื,
04:28
there is no group of experts standing by to prevent this disaster.
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ืื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”ื›ืŸ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืืกื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”.
04:34
So we have to create a new team.
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฆื•ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉ.
04:36
I believe we should create what I call the GERM team.
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ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžื›ื ื” ืฆื•ื•ืช GERM.
04:39
Germ stands for Global Epidemic Response and Mobilization.
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GERM ื–ื” ืจืืฉื™ ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืขื ื” ืžื’ืคื•ืช ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ ืขื•ืœืžื™.
04:45
This group is full-time.
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ื–ืืช ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื” ืžืœืื”.
04:48
Their only priority is pandemic prevention.
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ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื™ื ืžื ื™ืขืช ืžื’ื™ืคื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช.
04:51
It's made up of a diverse set of specialists
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ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืžืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื
04:54
with a lot of different realms of expertise:
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ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื:
04:57
epidemiologists, data scientists,
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ืืคื™ื“ืžื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื, ืžื•ืžื—ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื,
05:01
logistics experts.
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ืžื•ืžื—ื™ ืœื•ื’ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื”.
05:02
And it's not just scientific and medical knowledge.
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ื™ื“ืข ืจืคื•ืื™ ื•ืžื“ืขื™.
05:05
They also have to have communication and diplomacy skills.
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ื”ื ื’ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื•ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื”.
05:10
The cost of this team is significant.
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ื”ืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช.
05:11
It's over a billion a year
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืœืฉื ื”
05:13
to support the 3,000 people who would be on this team.
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ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘-3,000 ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื–ื”.
05:17
And its mission is to stop outbreaks before they become pandemics.
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ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืœืžื’ืคื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช.
05:24
The work would be coordinated by the WHO.
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ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืชืชื•ืื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™.
05:27
They'd be present in many locations around the world,
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ื”ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
05:30
stationed in public health agencies.
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ืžื•ืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื•ื›ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช.
05:33
They'd work closely with the national teams,
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ื”ื ื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ื‘ืฆืžื•ื“ ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื,
05:36
depending on the income level.
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ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืจืžืช ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื”.
05:39
They'd have more in the lower-income countries.
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ื™ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขื ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื ืžื•ื›ื”.
05:42
You know, for example, we could have GERM members
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ GERM
05:45
say an epidemiologist, working out of the Africa CDC office in Abuja.
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ืœืžืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงืจ ืžื’ืคื•ืช, ืฉื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ ืœื‘ืงืจืช ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื‘ืื‘ื•ื’ืณื”.
05:51
And a very important thing is that like firefighters,
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ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื“ ืฉื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื›ื‘ืื™ ืืฉ,
05:56
a GERM team would do drills.
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ืฆื•ื•ืช GERM ื™ืชืจื’ืœ.
06:00
When you want to have quick response,
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ื›ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžื”ื™ืจื”,
06:02
when you want to make sure you have all the pieces there
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ื›ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื—ืœืงื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื
06:05
and you can move very quickly, practice is key.
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ื•ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื ื•ืข ืžื”ืจ ืžืื“, ืชืจื’ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืคืชื—.
06:09
That's how you make sure everyone knows what to do.
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ื›ืš ืืชื ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
06:12
Now, this team, there could be periods where there's no risky outbreak
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ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื–ื”, ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช
06:16
and they can keep their skills strong
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ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื
06:19
by working on some of the other infectious diseases,
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืžื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช,
06:23
but that would be a second priority.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ืืช ืชื”ื™ื” ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื™ื”.
06:25
They would work with countries to strengthen their health systems.
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ื”ื ื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ืขื ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœื”ืŸ.
06:31
The health systems are the front line.
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ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื”ื—ื–ื™ืช.
06:35
You need to know if, say,
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ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื“ืขืช, ืื, ืœืžืฉืœ,
06:38
a lot of people show up with a new kind of cough,
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ืขื ืกื•ื’ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืขื•ืœ,
06:42
thatโ€™s when GERM needs to look into it and say, is this an outbreak?
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉ-GERM ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ื“, ื”ืื ื–ื• ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช?
06:47
Is there a new pathogen here?
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ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืคืชื•ื’ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ?
06:48
What is the sequence of that?
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ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื”ืžืฉืš ืฉืœื•?
06:50
And so for all of this, the first 100 days are key.
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ืœืื”, 100 ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ื”ืžืคืชื—.
06:55
Viruses spread exponentially.
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ื•ื™ืจื•ืกื™ื ืžืชืคืฉื˜ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืืงืกืคื•ื ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ืช.
06:57
And so if you get in there when the infection rate is fairly small,
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ื•ืื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืฉื ื›ืฉืงืฆื‘ ื”ื”ื“ื‘ืงื” ื“ื™ ื ืžื•ืš,
07:03
you can actually stop the spread.
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ืืชื ืžืžืฉ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช.
07:06
You know, in this epidemic,
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื‘ืžื’ืคื” ื”ื–ืืช,
07:08
if we'd been able to stop it within 100 days,
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ืื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืชื•ืš 100 ื™ืžื™ื,
07:12
we would have saved over 98 percent of the lives.
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ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-98 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืื‘ื“ื•.
07:16
Now, we did have countries that did a good job.
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ื”ื™ื• ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”.
07:18
Australia is an example.
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ืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื“ื•ื’ืžื”.
07:20
They orchestrated diagnostic capacity.
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ื”ื ืืจื’ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืื‘ื—ื•ื ื™ืช.
07:23
They came up with distancing policies and quarantine policies.
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ื”ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื™ื—ื•ืง ื•ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“.
07:27
And so their overall death rate per capita will be well less
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ื›ืš ืฉื™ื—ืก ื”ืžืชื™ื ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืชื—ืช
07:32
than a 10th of other countries.
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ืœืขืฉื™ืจื™ืช ืžืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช.
07:34
But we did not, as a world, contain it.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื•, ื›ืขื•ืœื, ืœื ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื ื• ืขืœื™ื”.
07:38
And that's what we have to do next time.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืคืขื ื”ื‘ืื”.
07:41
When COVID struck, we were almost like Rome
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื›ืชื”, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืžื• ืจื•ืžื
07:44
before they had fire buckets and firefighters.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื ื“ืœื™ื™ื ื•ื›ื‘ืื™ ืืฉ.
07:48
We didn't have the people, the systems or the tools we need.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ื”ืื ืฉื™ื, ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืื• ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื.
07:52
Now, with the right investments,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืขื ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื”,
07:53
we can have a whole new generation of tools,
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื• ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื›ืœื™ื,
07:57
better diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines.
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ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื•ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
08:01
A good example in the diagnostic area is this little machine,
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ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื–ื• ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช,
08:05
this is called the Lumira.
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ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ืœื•ืžื™ืจื”.
08:07
We can have these all over the world that can test for any number of diseases.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื• ื›ืืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืžื—ืœื•ืช.
08:11
Itโ€™s a 10th as expensive as PCR,
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ื–ื” ืขืฉื™ืจื™ืช ืžื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ PCR.
08:14
itโ€™s absolutely as accurate, and itโ€™s simple.
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ื”ื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืจืžืช ื“ื™ื•ืง ื•ื”ื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”.
08:16
So it can be used anywhere.
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ืื– ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
08:18
We need other R&D investments.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื—.
08:20
One that I'm very excited about is the idea of a drug
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ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืฉืื ื™ ืžืื“ ื ืจื’ืฉ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืชืจื•ืคื”
08:23
that you inhale that blocks you from getting infected.
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ืฉืฉื•ืืคื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืกืžืช ืืช ื”ื”ื“ื‘ืงื”.
08:27
It can be pathogen-independent and trigger your immune system
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ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืื™ื ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืคืชื•ื’ืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืขื•ืจืจืช ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื
08:30
so that you'll be protected.
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ื›ืš ืฉืชื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื’ื ื™ื.
08:33
A lot of the tools, the diagnostic tools
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ื›ืœื™ื, ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืื‘ื—ื•ื ื™ื™ื
08:35
and those infection-blocking tools are important
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ื•ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืกืžื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื”ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘
08:39
because they can be staged in advance.
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ื›ื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฆื™ื‘ ืื•ืชื ืžืจืืฉ.
08:42
Now, we also need vaccines,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื,
08:44
but we want to stop the outbreak
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช
08:47
before we have to do a global vaccination campaign.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืกืข ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ืขื•ืœืžื™.
08:51
And so vaccines can play a couple of different roles,
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื—ืง ื›ืžื” ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื,
08:55
but not the primary role.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืจืืฉื™.
08:56
We have to invest in more than just that.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ืจืง ื‘ื–ื”.
09:00
When we look at vaccines, they were the miracle of this epidemic.
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื, ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื”ื ืก ืฉืœ ื”ืžื’ืคื”.
09:04
They saved millions of lives, but they can be far better.
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ื”ื ื”ืฆื™ืœื• ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืœื™ื•ื ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื.
09:08
We need to invent easier-to-deliver vaccines
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ืฉืงืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืชืช ืื•ืชื
09:11
that are just a patch you put on your arm
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ืฉื”ื ืจืง ืžื“ื‘ืงื” ืฉืฉืžื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื“
09:14
or something that you inhale.
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ืื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืืชื ืฉื•ืืคื™ื.
09:16
We need vaccines that actually block infections.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžืžืฉ ื—ื•ืกืžื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช.
09:19
In this case, there were lots of breakthrough infections.
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ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื–ื”, ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืงื•ืช.
09:22
We need vaccines that are broad spectrum,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืกืคืงื˜ืจื•ื ืจื—ื‘,
09:24
so they work against most of the emerging variants,
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ื›ืš ืฉื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ื ื’ื“ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื•ืจื™ืื ื˜ื™ื ืฉืฆืฆื™ื,
09:28
which we did not have this time.
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ืžื” ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ื”ืคืขื.
09:29
And we also need factories that are standing by
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืžืคืขืœื™ื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื
09:33
so we can build enough vaccines for the entire world
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ื›ืš ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื
09:35
within six months
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ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื
09:37
and achieve far better equity.
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ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืฆื“ืง ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
09:40
The vaccines can also do something that would be super helpful,
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ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื’ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื“ ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื,
09:44
which is to help us eradicate entire families of viruses.
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ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ืขื–ืจื• ืœื ื• ืœื”ืฉืžื™ื“ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื•ื™ืจื•ืกื™ื.
09:48
Innovative new vaccines used properly could get rid of the flu family,
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ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืคื˜ืจ ืžืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช,
09:54
the coronavirus family.
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ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื•ื™ืจื•ืกื™ ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”.
09:55
And there's a huge burden of those,
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืขื•ืžืก ืขืฆื•ื ืžื”ื,
09:57
even in non-pandemic years,
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ื’ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืœืœื ืžื’ืคื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช,
09:59
and if we get rid of it, it can never cause a pandemic.
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ื•ืื ื ื™ืคื˜ืจ ืžื”ื, ื”ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืžื’ืคื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช.
10:03
So I'm talking about investments in three broad areas:
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืจื—ื‘ื™ื:
10:06
Disease monitoring,
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ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืžื—ืœื•ืช,
10:08
that's GERM.
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ื–ื” GERM.
10:09
The R and D tools that are far better.
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ื›ืœื™ ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื.
10:12
And finally, and the most expensive, is improved health systems.
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ื•ืœืกื™ื•ื, ื”ื›ื™ ื™ืงืจ, ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช.
10:17
This won't be cheap, but it'll save lives.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ื•ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื.
10:20
And even it'll save money in the long run.
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ื•ื–ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื—ืกื•ืš ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš.
10:23
It's like an insurance policy.
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ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืคื•ืœื™ืกืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—.
10:27
The cost to prevent the next pandemic will be tens of billions of dollars.
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ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืžื’ืคื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ื”ื‘ืื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžืœื™ืืจื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื.
10:31
But let's compare that to what we just went through.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืฉื•ื•ื” ืืช ื–ื” ืœืžื” ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืขื‘ืจื ื•.
10:35
The IMF estimates that COVID has cost nearly 14 trillion dollars.
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ืงืจืŸ ื”ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื”ืขืจื™ื›ื” ืฉื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ืขืœืชื” ื›ืžืขื˜ 14 ื˜ืจื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ.
10:41
And so we need to spend billions in order to save trillions.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืกื•ืš ื˜ืจื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ื.
10:48
And here's the best part of this.
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ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ื”.
10:50
Even when we're not having an outbreak, these investments like the Lumira,
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช, ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื›ืžื• ืœื•ืžื™ืจื”,
10:55
those new vaccines,
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ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื,
10:57
they will make people healthier.
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ื”ื ื™ื’ืจืžื• ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
10:59
They'll shrink the gap, the health equity gap,
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ื”ื ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืคืขืจ, ืคืขืจ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™,
11:02
which is gigantic, between rich and poor countries.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื ืง, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืขื ื™ื•ืช.
11:07
For example, we can detect more HIV cases and do a better job of treatment.
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ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ HIV ื•ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
11:13
We can reduce deaths from malaria.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžืงืจื™ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ืžืžืœืจื™ื”.
11:16
We can get more people high-quality care.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืช ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™.
11:19
And so this is not just a downer
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ืื– ื–ื• ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืขื™ื”
11:22
about how to stop things from getting worse,
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ืฉืœ ืื™ืš ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ื”ืชื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื,
11:25
but also a chance to make things better.
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ืืœื ื’ื ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืฉืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
11:29
If we take the right steps,
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ืื ื ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื,
11:32
we can make COVID-19 the last pandemic,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื’ืคื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”,
11:36
and we can build a healthier, more equitable world for everyone.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื.
11:42
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
11:43
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
11:57
Helen Walters: Thank you so much.
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ื”ืœืŸ ื•ื•ืœื˜ืจืก: ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœืš.
11:59
I have a few follow-up questions
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืš
12:00
and one is really about the formal status of GERM.
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ื•ืื—ืช ื”ื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืคื•ืจืžืœื™ ืฉืœ GERM.
12:03
So you mentioned this would cost a billion dollars,
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ืฆื™ื™ื ืช ืฉื–ื” ื™ืขืœื” ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ,
12:06
you mentioned it comes through the WHO,
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ืืžืจืช ืฉื–ื” ื™ื‘ื•ื ืžืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™,
12:08
but exactly who's running this, how does this work,
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื™ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื ื”ืœ ืืช ื–ื”, ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“,
12:10
how do we make this happen?
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ืื™ืš ื ื’ืจื•ื ืœื–ื” ืœืงืจื•ืช?
12:12
BG: Well, GERM does not exist.
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ื‘ืดื’: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, GERM ืœื ืงื™ื™ื.
12:15
It's a proposal I'm putting forward that hopefully over the next year,
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ื–ื• ื”ืฆืขื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžืขืœื” ื‘ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื”,
12:19
while the pain of the pandemic is still clear in people's minds,
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ื›ืฉื”ื›ืื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื’ืคื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื™ ื‘ืžื•ื—ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื,
12:23
will get a global consensus.
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ื ื’ื™ืข ืœื”ืกื›ืžื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช.
12:25
The rich-world governments will have to step up
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ื”ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื™ื”ื™ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืงื—ืช ืฆืขื“ ืงื“ื™ืžื”
12:27
like they do with all the aid things and come up with that money.
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ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืกื™ื•ืข ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ื–ื”.
12:31
The way the personnel systems works, so that it's under WHO,
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ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช, ื›ืš ืฉื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืชื—ืช ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™,
12:35
but a really top-notch team,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืืžืช ืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
12:37
there will be a lot of debate about how to do that well.
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ื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื˜ื‘.
12:40
So, you know, I'm putting it forward
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ืื–, ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ืื ื™ ืžืขืœื” ืืช ื–ื”
12:42
and hopefully within the next year we'll get that consensus.
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ื‘ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื‘ืื” ื ื’ื™ืข ืœื”ืกื›ืžื” ื”ื–ืืช.
12:46
HW: Who do you need to pick that up next?
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ื”ืดื•: ืžื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื—ืช ืื•ืชื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื•?
12:48
BG: Well, it's really the rich-world governments.
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ื‘ืดื’: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ.
12:51
The WHO has this big yearly meeting, the World Health Assembly,
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ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื ืคื’ืฉ ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื ื” ื‘ืžืœื™ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช,
12:56
and at some point somebody will put forward a resolution
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ื•ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžืกื•ื™ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื”
12:58
and we'll see if the extra resources can be put in for that.
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ื•ื ืจืื” ืื ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื™ื™ืžืฆืื• ืขื‘ื•ืจื”.
13:04
After World War II, we did a lot.
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ืื—ืจื™ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”, ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื”.
13:07
You know, we created the United Nations, we talked a lot about war.
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ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ื™ืฆืจื ื• ืืช ื”ืื•ืดื, ื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช.
13:10
So I'd be stunned, although, you know,
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ื–ื” ื™ื“ื”ื™ื ืื•ืชื™, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช,
13:13
so far the action has been less than I would have expected,
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ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืขื“ ื›ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžื” ืฉืฆื™ืคื™ืชื™,
13:16
I'd be stunned if we don't go forward with something pretty close
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ื–ื” ื™ื“ื”ื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ืื ืœื ื ืชืงื“ื ืขื ืžืฉื”ื• ื“ื™ ื“ื•ืžื”
13:20
to what I'm laying out there.
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ืœืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžืฆื™ืข ื›ืืŸ.
13:24
HW: This has been pretty personal for you.
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ื”ืดื•: ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื“ื™ ืื™ืฉื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจืš.
13:26
You know, the anti-vaxxers are out there, they are loud,
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ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘, ื•ื”ื ืจื•ืขืฉื™ื,
13:29
and this has become personal.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™.
13:30
I just wanted to ask, like, how are you managing that?
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ, ืื™ืš ืืชื” ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื–ื”?
13:34
BG: Well, it's kind of weird.
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ื‘ืดื’: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ื“ื™ ืžื•ื–ืจ.
13:36
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
13:39
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
13:44
Now, our foundation, the Gates Foundation, is very involved in vaccines,
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ื”ืงืจืŸ ืฉืœื ื•, ืงืจืŸ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ืก, ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืช ืžืื“ ื‘ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื,
13:47
the invention of new vaccines, funding vaccines.
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ื”ืžืฆืื” ืฉืœ ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื.
13:50
And we're very proud that through joint efforts like GAVI,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ืื™ื ืžืื“ ืฉื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื›ืžื• ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื GAVI,
13:54
that saved tens of millions of lives.
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ืฉื”ืฆื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ื.
13:56
So it's somewhat ironic to have somebody turn around and say, no, you know,
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ืื– ื–ื” ื“ื™ ืื™ืจื•ื ื™ ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื•ื™ื’ื™ื“, ืœื, ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช,
13:59
we're using vaccines to kill people or to make money or, you know,
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืื ืฉื™ื ืื• ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ื›ืกืฃ, ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช,
14:03
we started the pandemic,
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ืฉื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื’ืคื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช,
14:04
even some strange things like, that I somehow want to track, you know,
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื•ื–ืจื™ื ื›ืžื•, ืฉืื ื™ ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืงื•ื‘
14:08
the location of individuals
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ืื—ืจ ื”ืžื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื
14:10
because I'm so deeply desirous to know where everybody is.
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ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžืชื—ืฉืง ืœื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืื™ืคื” ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื ืžืฆื.
14:14
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
14:15
I'm not sure what I'm going to do with that information.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืžื” ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื”.
14:18
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
14:21
You know, does this turn into something where, you know,
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื‘ื•, ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช,
14:24
there's constantly crazy people showing up?
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ื™ืฉ ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืฉื•ื’ืขื™ื ืฉืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื?
14:26
Who knows?
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ืžื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข?
14:28
But, you know, hopefully, as the pandemic calms down,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืขื ื”ืจื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืžื’ืคื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช,
14:31
people are more rational about, hey,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืจืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื–ื”,
14:33
vaccines are a miracle and there's a lot more we can do.
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ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ื ืก ื•ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
14:37
HW: So the future is in our hands in the present.
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ื”ืดื•: ืื ื›ืš ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
14:40
Bill Gates, thank you so much for being here.
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ื‘ื™ืœ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ืก, ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœืš ืฉื‘ืืช ืœื›ืืŸ.
14:42
BG: Thank you.
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ื‘ืดื’: ืชื•ื“ื”.
14:43
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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