What's a Food Allergy -- and What's Not? | Body Stuff with Dr. Jen Gunter | TED

151,738 views ใƒป 2022-10-19

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
People often confuse food allergies and food intolerances.
0
329
3546
ืชืจื’ื•ื: Maya Sinay ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Ido Dekkers
ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืจื•ื‘ ืžื‘ืœื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœืจื’ื™ื•ืช ืœืื•ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืื•ื›ืœ.
00:03
But it's important to know the difference
1
3916
1961
ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ
00:05
because they each require a different treatment.
2
5918
2253
ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืื—ืจ.
00:08
So what is the difference?
3
8171
2085
ืื– ืžื” ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ?
00:10
[Body Stuff with Dr. Jen Gunter]
4
10256
3504
[ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืขื ื“ืดืจ ื’ืณืŸ ื’ืื ื˜ืจ]
00:13
A food allergy is your body's immune system
5
13801
3087
ื‘ืืœืจื’ื™ื” ืœืื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœืš
00:16
responding to specific proteins in certain foods.
6
16929
3212
ืžื’ื™ื‘ื” ืœื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื.
00:20
For instance, in shellfish,
7
20183
1501
ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื, ื‘ืžืื›ืœื™ ื™ื,
00:21
one of the triggers for allergic reactions is a protein called tropomyosin.
8
21726
4046
ืื—ื“ ื”ื˜ืจื™ื’ืจื™ื ืœืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืืœืจื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืงืจื ื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืžื™ื•ื–ื™ืŸ.
00:25
And with peanuts, it can be a reaction to one of its many proteins.
9
25813
4255
ื•ื‘ื‘ื•ื˜ื ื™ื, ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื—ืœื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
00:30
When a food particle enters the body of someone who's allergic,
10
30068
3503
ื›ืฉื—ืœืงื™ืง ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœ ื ื›ื ืก ืœื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืืœืจื’ื™,
00:33
the body's immune system perceives it as a problem, an invader.
11
33613
4087
ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ืช ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื• ื›ื‘ืขื™ื”, ื›ืคื•ืœืฉ.
00:38
Just as your body might respond to a virus as a threat,
12
38117
3671
ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื›ื ื›ื ืจืื” ื™ื’ื™ื‘ ืœื•ื•ื™ืจื•ืก ื›ืื™ื•ื,
00:41
with food allergies,
13
41829
1210
ื‘ืืœืจื’ื™ื•ืช ืœืื•ื›ืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ื—ืœื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื›ืื™ื•ื.
00:43
part of your immune system sees the protein of the food as a threat.
14
43081
4713
00:48
The allergic reaction can be thought of as a disproportionate
15
48419
3420
ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืืœืจื’ื™ืช ื›ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืœื ืคืจื•ืคื•ืจืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ืช ื•ืœื ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืื•ื›ืœ
00:51
and inappropriate response from the immune system to the food.
16
51881
4004
ืžืฆื“ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ืช.
00:55
Allergic reactions can range from being mild:
17
55927
2544
ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืœืจื’ื™ื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžืชื•ื ื”:
00:58
tingles in the mouth, hives and rashes,
18
58513
2544
ืขืงืฆื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ืคื”, ืคืจื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ืกื™ืจืคื“ืช,
01:01
to being extremely severe, like having trouble breathing.
19
61099
3420
ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื’ื ืœืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื—ืจื™ืคื”, ื›ืžื• ืงืฉื™ื™ ื ืฉื™ืžื”.
01:04
And they can even be life threatening.
20
64560
2628
ื•ืืœืจื’ื™ื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื ืžืกื›ื ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื.
01:07
Allergic reactions, with some exceptions,
21
67230
2878
ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืืœืจื’ื™ื•ืช, ืขื ื›ืžื” ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœ, ื›ืžืขื˜ ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช,
01:10
almost always happen quickly,
22
70149
2002
01:12
within 30 minutes of eating or exposure to the food.
23
72151
3545
ืชื•ืš 30 ื“ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืœืื•ื›ืœ.
01:16
A food intolerance, on the other hand,
24
76114
2002
ื‘ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืื•ื›ืœ, ืžืฆื“ ืื—ืจ,
01:18
is usually our body having trouble digesting certain foods.
25
78116
3420
ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื ื• ืžืชืงืฉื” ืœืขื›ืœ ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื.
01:21
Unlike allergies, food intolerances are not related to the immune system.
26
81577
4421
ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืืœืจื’ื™ื•ืช, ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืื•ื›ืœ ืœื ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ืช.
01:26
For instance, being lactose intolerant
27
86374
2335
ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื, ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืœื—ืœื‘
01:28
means you don't have enough of the enzyme that breaks down the lactose in dairy.
28
88709
4130
ื”ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื›ื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืžื”ืื ื–ื™ื ืฉืžืคืจืง ืืช ื”ืœืงื˜ื•ื– ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื—ืœื‘.
01:32
Intolerance to certain foods can often result in digestive issues,
29
92880
3796
ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืžืื›ืœื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ,
01:36
including bloating, diarrhea or just generally feeling unwell.
30
96717
4296
ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื ืคื™ื—ื•ืช, ืฉืœืฉื•ืœื™ื ืื• ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืœื ื ืขื™ืžื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™.
01:41
Intolerance to food can happen pretty quickly too,
31
101055
3128
ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืื•ื›ืœ ื’ื ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ืžื”ืจ,
01:44
but could also show up in the next few days.
32
104183
3337
ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืœืื—ืจ ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื.
01:47
In other words,
33
107562
1167
ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืื ืืชื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืื™ ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืื›ืœืชื ื™ื•ื ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ,
01:48
if you experience unpleasantness from something you've eaten a day before,
34
108729
5214
01:53
most of the time it's not an allergy.
35
113985
2252
ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคืขืžื™ื ื–ื• ืœื ืืœืจื’ื™ื”.
01:56
There's a third kind of reaction
36
116821
1626
ื™ืฉื ื• ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืืœืจื’ื™ื” ืื• ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช.
01:58
that's neither an allergy or an intolerance.
37
118489
2836
02:01
For example, celiac disease is an autoimmune condition
38
121367
3629
ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื, ืฆืœื™ืืง ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื‘ ืื•ื˜ื•ืื™ืžื•ื ื™
02:05
triggered by eating foods containing gluten.
39
125037
2586
ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืื›ื™ืœืช ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืฉืžื›ื™ืœื™ื ื’ืœื•ื˜ืŸ.
02:07
Celiac disease may share some similar symptoms to a food intolerance,
40
127623
4004
ืœืฆืœื™ืืง ืกื™ืžืคื˜ื•ืžื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืœืื•ื›ืœ,
02:11
such as bloating or belly pain.
41
131669
1919
ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื ืคื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ื›ืื‘ ื‘ื˜ืŸ.
02:13
But unlike celiac disease,
42
133629
1961
ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืฆืœื™ืืง,
02:15
food intolerances don't damage the small intestine.
43
135631
3003
ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืื•ื›ืœ ืœื ืคื•ื’ืขื•ืช ื‘ืžืขื™ ื”ื“ืง.
02:18
So with all these real but nuanced differences,
44
138676
2711
ืื– ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ืืš ื”ื“ืงื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
02:21
what's the best way to get a proper diagnosis?
45
141429
3044
ืžื”ื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
02:24
Donโ€™t get one of those โ€œdo-it-yourself at-home food-sensitivityโ€ kits.
46
144807
4505
ืืœ ืชืงื ื• ืืช ืื—ืช ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืณืขืฉื• ื–ืืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื›ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืชืณ.
02:29
Those tests are not scientifically proven to do what they purport to do,
47
149353
4004
ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืžื“ืขื™ืช ืฉื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืขื•ืฉื•ืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ืŸ ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
02:33
and they aren't reliable diagnostic tools.
48
153399
2669
ื•ื”ืŸ ืœื ื›ืœื™ ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืžื™ื ื™ื.
02:36
If you wonder whether you have an allergy or an intolerance
49
156110
3212
ืื ืืชื ืชื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืืœืจื’ื™ื” ืื• ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืื• ืฆืœื™ืืง,
02:39
or celiac disease,
50
159363
1293
02:40
talk to your doctor.
51
160698
1460
ื“ื‘ืจื• ืขื ื”ืจื•ืคื ืฉืœื›ื.
02:42
They'll be able to recommend the right course of action.
52
162200
3670
ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืœื›ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืชืื™ื.
02:46
And in the case of food allergies, an allergist is your go-to person.
53
166287
5047
ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืืœืจื’ื™ื•ืช ืœืื•ื›ืœ, ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืœืืœืจื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ืื“ื ืฉืืœื™ื• ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืคื ื•ืช.
02:51
The two common ways they'll be able to diagnose you
54
171375
3045
ืฉืชื™ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืื‘ื—ืŸ ืืชื›ื
02:54
is by taking a really good food history
55
174462
3170
ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืžืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ื”
02:57
and giving you an oral food challenge
56
177632
2669
ื•ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืื•ื›ืœ ืื•ืจืืœื™ืช ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืžืชืŸ ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื”
03:00
by giving you certain foods and seeing what happens
57
180343
3128
03:03
in a medically safe and controlled environment.
58
183471
2878
ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืžื‘ื•ืงืจืช ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช.
03:06
An allergist can also come up with a plan
59
186349
3003
ืžื•ืžื—ื” ืืœืจื’ื™ื•ืช ื’ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช
03:09
in case you're exposed to a food you're allergic to
60
189352
2669
ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉื ื—ืฉืคืชื ืœืื•ื›ืœ ืฉืืชื ืืœืจื’ื™ื ืืœื™ื•,
03:12
and may even be able to recommend treatments for some of those allergies.
61
192063
5046
ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืขืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืœืง ืžื”ืืœืจื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7