Why we get mad -- and why it's healthy | Ryan Martin

392,025 views ใƒป 2019-07-11

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Yael Ring ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Alsa Saal
00:13
Alright, so I want you to imagine that you get a text from a friend, and it reads ...
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื”ื•ื“ืขืช ื˜ืงืกื˜ ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื•ื‘ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ --
00:18
"You will NOT believe what just happened. I'm SO MAD right now!"
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"ืืชื” ืœื ืชืืžื™ืŸ ืžื” ืงืจื”. ืื ื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื›ื•ืขืก!"
00:23
So you do the dutiful thing as a friend, and you ask for details.
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ืื– ืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื”ื ืืžืŸ ื›ื—ื‘ืจ, ื•ืืชื ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื.
00:26
And they tell you a story about what happened to them
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžื” ืงืจื” ืœื•
00:29
at the gym or at work or on their date last night.
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ื‘ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ืฉืจ ืื• ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื“ื™ื™ื˜ ืืชืžื•ืœ.
00:31
And you listen and you try to understand why they're so mad.
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ื•ืืชื ืžืงืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืžื” ื”ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื›ื•ืขืกื™ื.
00:35
Maybe even secretly judge whether or not they should be so mad.
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ืื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืกืชืจ ืื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืขืœ ืžื” ืœื›ืขื•ืก.
00:38
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:41
And maybe you even offer some suggestions.
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ื•ืื•ื™ ืืชื ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ื›ืžื” ื”ืฆืขื•ืช.
00:43
Now, in that moment, you are doing essentially what I get to do every day,
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืจื’ืข, ืืชื ื‘ืขืฆื ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื,
00:46
because I'm an anger researcher,
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ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืงืจ ื›ืขืก,
00:48
and as an anger researcher, I spend a good part of my professional life --
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ื•ื›ื—ื•ืงืจ ื›ืขืก, ืื ื™ ืžื‘ืœื” ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื --
00:52
who am I kidding, also my personal life --
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ืขืœ ืžื™ ืื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“, ื’ื ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื --
00:55
studying why people get mad.
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ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื›ื•ืขืกื™ื.
00:58
I study the types of thoughts they have when they get mad,
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืงืจ ืืช ืกื•ื’ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื›ืฉื”ื ื›ื•ืขืกื™ื,
01:00
and I even study what they do when they get mad,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ื—ื•ืงืจ ืžื” ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื›ืฉื”ื ื›ื•ืขืกื™ื,
01:03
whether it's getting into fights or breaking things,
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื–ื” ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืจื™ื‘ื™ื ืื• ืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ื—ืคืฆื™ื,
01:05
or even yelling at people in all caps on the internet.
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ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืฆืขื•ืง ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜.
01:08
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:09
And as you can imagine,
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ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื ื—ืฉ,
01:10
when people hear I'm an anger researcher,
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ื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื•ืงืจ ื›ืขืก,
01:12
they want to talk to me about their anger,
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ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืขืก ืฉืœื”ื,
01:14
they want to share with me their anger stories.
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ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืื™ืชื™ ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ ื”ื›ืขืก ืฉืœื”ื.
01:16
And it's not because they need a therapist,
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ,
01:18
though that does sometimes happen,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื–ื” ืงื•ืจื” ืœืคืขืžื™ื,
01:20
it's really because anger is universal.
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ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื›ืขืก ื”ื•ื ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™.
01:22
It's something we all feel and it's something they can relate to.
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ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ื•ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ื•.
01:25
We've been feeling it since the first few months of life,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืœ ืžื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื•,
01:28
when we didn't get what we wanted in our cries of protests,
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ื›ืฉืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืืช ืžื” ืฉืจืฆื™ื ื• ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื›ื™ ื•ื”ืžื—ืื”,
01:31
things like, "What do you mean you won't pick up the rattle, Dad,
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ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื•, "ืžื” ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืœื ืชืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืจืขืฉืŸ, ืื‘ื,
01:34
I want it!"
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืื•ืชื•!"
01:36
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:38
We feel it throughout our teenage years, as my mom can certainly attest to with me.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœืื•ืจืš ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืชื‘ื’ืจื•ืช, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžื™ ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืขื™ื“ ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืืœื™ื™.
01:42
Sorry, Mom.
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ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ, ืืžื.
01:44
We feel it to the very end.
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ืื ื• ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืขื“ ื”ืกื•ืฃ.
01:46
In fact, anger has been with us at some of the worst moments of our lives.
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ื›ืขืก ื”ื™ื” ืื™ืชื ื• ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืจื’ืขื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืงืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•.
01:50
It's a natural and expected part of our grief.
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ื–ื” ื—ืœืง ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื•ืฆืคื•ื™ ื‘ืื‘ืœ ืฉืœื ื•.
01:53
But it's also been with us in some of the best moments of our lives,
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื’ื ื ืžืฆื ืืชื ื• ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืจื’ืขื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื•,
01:56
with those special occasions like weddings and vacations
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ื‘ืื•ืชื ืจื’ืขื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื—ืชื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื—ื•ืคืฉื•ืช
01:59
often marred by these everyday frustrations --
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ืฉืœืจื•ื‘ ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืชืกื›ื•ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ื›ืžื• --
02:02
bad weather, travel delays --
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ืžื–ื’ ืื•ื™ืจ ื’ืจื•ืข, ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื™ืกื•ืช --
02:03
that feel horrible in the moment,
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ืฉืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื ื•ืจืื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืจื’ืข,
02:05
but then are ultimately forgotten when things go OK.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื– ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืฉื›ื—ื™ื ื›ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืกืชื“ืจื™ื.
02:09
I have a lot of conversations with people about their anger
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืขืก ืฉืœื”ื
02:12
and it's through those conversations that I've learned that many people,
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ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื
02:16
and I bet many people in this room right now,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžื ื—ืฉ ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื•,
02:18
you see anger as a problem.
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ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื›ืขืก ื‘ืขื™ื”.
02:19
You see the way it interferes in your life,
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ืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ืžืคืจื™ืข ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื,
02:21
the way it damages relationships, maybe even the ways it's scary.
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ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ื–ื” ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื, ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื–ื” ืžืคื—ื™ื“.
02:24
And while I get all of that, I see anger a little differently,
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ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื”, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ื›ืขืก ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงืฆืช ืฉื•ื ื”.
02:28
and today, I want to tell you something really important
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ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืžืฉ ื—ืฉื•ื‘
02:30
about your anger, and it's this:
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ืขืœ ื”ื›ืขืก ืฉืœื›ื, ื•ื”ื•ื:
02:32
anger is a powerful and healthy force in your life.
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ื›ืขืก ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ื— ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™ ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื›ื.
02:35
It's good that you feel it.
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ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืืชื ื—ืฉื™ื ื‘ื•.
02:37
You need to feel it.
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ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื•ืฉ ื‘ื•.
02:39
But to understand all that, we actually have to back up
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืฆืขื“ ืื—ื•ืจื”
02:42
and talk about why we get mad in the first place.
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ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื•ืขืกื™ื ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”.
02:44
A lot of this goes back to the work of an anger researcher
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืžื—ืงืจื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงืจ ื›ืขืก
02:47
named Dr. Jerry Deffenbacher, who wrote about this back in 1996
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ื‘ืฉื ื“"ืจ ื’'ืจื™ ื“ืคื ื‘ืื›ืจ, ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘1996
02:51
in a book chapter on how to deal with problematic anger.
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ื‘ืคืจืง ื‘ืกืคืจ ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื›ืขืก ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™.
02:54
Now, for most of us, and I bet most of you,
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืจื•ื‘ื ื•, ื•ืื ื™ ืžื ื—ืฉ ืฉืจื•ื‘ื›ื,
02:56
it feels as simple as this:
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ื–ื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื›ืžื•:
02:58
I get mad when I'm provoked.
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ืื ื™ ื›ื•ืขืก ื›ืฉืžืชื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื™.
03:00
You hear it in the language people use.
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืฉืคื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื.
03:02
They say things like,
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ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื•:
03:03
"It makes me so mad when people drive this slow,"
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"ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื›ืขื™ืก ืื•ืชื™ ื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื ื•ื”ื’ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืœืื˜",
03:06
or, "I got mad because she left the milk out again."
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ืื• "ื›ืขืกืชื™ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื›ื—ื” ืืช ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ".
03:10
Or my favorite,
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ืื• ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ ืขืœื™,
03:11
"I don't have an anger problem -- people just need to stop messing with me."
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"ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื›ืขืก -- ืื ืฉื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœืขืฆื‘ืŸ ืื•ืชื™".
03:14
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:16
Now, in the spirit of better understanding those types of provocations,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืืช ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื”ืชื’ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”,
03:20
I ask a lot of people, including my friends and colleagues and even family,
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ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื, ืงื•ืœื’ื•ืช ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื™,
03:25
"What are the things that really get to you?
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"ืžื”ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืžืฉ ืžืขืฆื‘ื ื™ื ืืชื›ื?
03:27
What makes you mad?"
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ืžื” ืžื›ืขื™ืก ืืชื›ื?"
03:28
By the way, now is a good time to point out one of the advantages
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ื“ืจืš ืื’ื‘, ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ื–ืžืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช
03:31
of being an anger researcher
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ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืชื™ ื—ื•ืงืจ ื›ืขืก
03:33
is that I've spent more than a decade generating a comprehensive list
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ืฉื–ื” ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืžืงื™ืคื”
03:36
of all the things that really irritate my colleagues.
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ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืžืฉ ืžืขืฆื‘ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœื’ื•ืช ืฉืœื™.
03:39
Just in case I need it.
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ืจืง ืœืžืงืจื” ืฉืื–ื“ืงืง ืœื–ื”.
03:40
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:44
But their answers are fascinating,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืžืจืชืงื•ืช,
03:47
because they say things like,
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ื›ื™ ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื•,
03:49
"when my sports team loses,"
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"ื›ืฉืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืฉืœื™ ืžืคืกื™ื“ื”",
03:51
"people who chew too loudly."
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"ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื•ืขืกื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืจื".
03:53
That is surprisingly common, by the way.
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ื–ื” ืจื•ื•ื— ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืคืชื™ืข, ื“ืจืš ืื’ื‘.
03:56
"People who walk too slowly," that one's mine.
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"ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืื˜ ืžื“ื™", ื–ื” ืฉืœื™.
03:59
And of course, "roundabouts."
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, "ื›ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืชื ื•ืขื”".
04:01
Roundabouts --
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ื›ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืชื ื•ืขื” --
04:03
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:05
I can tell you honestly, there is no rage like roundabout rage.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ื‘ื›ื ื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ืขืก ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื›ืขืก ืขืœ ื›ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืชื ื•ืขื”.
04:08
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:11
Sometimes their answers aren't minor at all.
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืœื ื–ื ื™ื—ื•ืช ื›ืœืœ.
04:13
Sometimes they talk about racism and sexism and bullying
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ื•ืกืงืกื™ื–ื ื•ื‘ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช
04:16
and environmental destruction -- big, global problems we all face.
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ื•ื”ืจืก ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ -- ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื•ืช ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืืชืŸ.
04:21
But sometimes,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืคืขืžื™ื,
04:23
their answers are very specific, maybe even oddly specific.
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืžืžืฉ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช, ืื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื•ื–ืจื•ืช.
04:26
"That wet line you get across your shirt
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"ื”ืงื• ื”ืจื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื ืชืคืก ื‘ื—ื•ืœืฆื” ืฉืœืš
04:28
when you accidentally lean against the counter of a public bathroom."
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ื›ืฉืืชื” ื ืฉืขืŸ ื‘ื˜ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื".
04:32
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:33
Super gross, right?
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ืžืžืฉ ื“ื•ื—ื”, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
04:35
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:37
Or "Flash drives: there's only two ways to plug them in,
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ืื• "ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ USB: ื™ืฉ ืจืง ืฉืชื™ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืื•ืชื• ืœืžื—ืฉื‘,
04:40
so why does it always take me three tries?"
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ืื– ืœืžื” ื–ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืœื•ืงื— ืœื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื•ืช?"
04:42
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:47
Now whether it's minor or major, whether it's general or specific,
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื–ื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื˜ืŸ ืื• ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ ืื• ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™,
04:50
we can look at these examples
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ื”ืืœื”
04:52
and we can tease out some common themes.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืกื ืŸ ืžื”ื ื›ืžื” ืชืžื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช.
04:55
We get angry in situations that are unpleasant,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื•ืขืกื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืœื ื ืขื™ืžื™ื,
04:58
that feel unfair, where our goals are blocked,
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ืฉืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ื’ื ื™ื, ื‘ื”ื ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื—ืกื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื•,
05:00
that could have been avoided, and that leave us feeling powerless.
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ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื”ื, ื•ืฉื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื ื• ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื—ืกืจื™ ืื•ื ื™ื.
05:03
This is a recipe for anger.
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ื–ื” ื”ืžืชื›ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืขืก.
05:06
But you can also tell
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ืื‘ืœ ืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ืœืจืื•ืช
05:07
that anger is probably not the only thing we're feeling in these situations.
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ืฉื›ืขืก ื”ื•ื ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืœื ื”ืจื’ืฉ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืื•ืชื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
05:11
Anger doesn't happen in a vacuum.
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ื›ืขืก ืœื ืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืจื™ืง.
05:13
We can feel angry at the same time that we're scared or sad,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืขืก ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื—ื“ ืื• ืขืฆื‘,
05:16
or feeling a host of other emotions.
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ืื• ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืขืจื‘ื•ื‘ื™ื” ืฉืœืžื” ืฉืœ ืจื’ืฉื•ืช.
05:19
But here's the thing:
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ:
05:20
these provocations -- they aren't making us mad.
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ื”ื”ืชื’ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” -- ื”ื ืœื ืžื” ืฉืžื›ืขื™ืกื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•.
05:23
At least not on their own,
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ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžืŸ,
05:25
and we know that, because if they were,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืืช ื–ื”, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ื”ื ื›ืŸ,
05:26
we'd all get angry over the same things, and we don't.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื• ื›ื•ืขืกื™ื ืขืœ ืื•ืชื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื.
05:30
The reasons I get angry are different than the reasons you get angry,
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ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื’ืœืœืŸ ืื ื™ ื›ื•ืขืก ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื’ืœืœืŸ ืืชื ื›ื•ืขืกื™ื.
05:33
so there's got to be something else going on.
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ืื– ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื›ืืŸ.
05:35
What is that something else?
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ืžื” ื–ื” ื”ืžืฉื”ื• ื”ืื—ืจ ื”ื–ื”?
05:37
Well, we know what we're doing and feeling at the moment of that provocation matters.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื•ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืชื’ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช.
05:42
We call this the pre-anger state -- are you hungry, are you tired,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื–ื” ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื“ื-ื›ืขืก -- ื”ืื ืืชื” ืจืขื‘, ื”ืื ืืชื” ืขื™ื™ืฃ,
05:46
are you anxious about something else, are you running late for something?
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ื”ืื ืืชื” ื—ืฉ ืขืฆื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ, ื”ืื ืืชื” ืžืื—ืจ ืœืžืฉื”ื•?
05:49
When you're feeling those things,
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ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
05:51
those provocations feel that much worse.
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ื”ื”ืชื’ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืžื•ืขืฆืžื•ืช.
05:54
But what matters most is not the provocation,
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื ืื™ื ื ื”ื”ืชื’ืจื•ื™ื•ืช,
05:57
it's not the pre-anger state, it's this:
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ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื“ื-ื›ืขืก, ืืœื:
05:59
it's how we interpret that provocation,
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ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืคืจืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืชื’ืจื•ืช,
06:01
it's how we make sense of it in our lives.
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ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชื• ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
06:04
When something happens to us,
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ื›ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ืงื•ืจื” ืœื ื•,
06:05
we first decide, is this good or bad?
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ืื ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื• ืจืข?
06:08
Is it fair or unfair, is it blameworthy, is it punishable?
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ืื• ืœื ื”ื•ื’ืŸ, ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœืืฉืžื”? ื”ืื ื–ื” ื‘ืจ ื”ืขื ืฉื”?
06:12
That's primary appraisal, it's when you evaluate the event itself.
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ื–ืืช ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช, ื–ื” ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข ืขืฆืžื•.
06:16
We decide what it means in the context of our lives
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืžื” ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•
06:19
and once we've done that, we decide how bad it is.
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ื•ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื• ื–ืืช ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื–ื” ื—ืžื•ืจ.
06:21
That's secondary appraisal.
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ื–ืืช ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื” ื”ืžืฉื ื™ืช.
06:23
We say, "Is this the worst thing that's ever happened,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื, "ื”ืื ื–ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืงืจื” ืื™ ืคืขื,
06:26
or can I cope with this?
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ืื• ื”ืื ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื–ื”?"
06:28
Now, to illustrate that, I want you to imagine you are driving somewhere.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ื ืืช ื–ื”, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืืชื ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืœืื™ืคื” ืฉื”ื•ื.
06:33
And before I go any further, I should tell you,
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ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื,
06:35
if I were an evil genius
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ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื’ืื•ืŸ ืžืจื•ืฉืข
06:37
and I wanted to create a situation that was going to make you mad,
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ื•ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื™ื›ืขื™ืก ืืชื›ื,
06:40
that situation would look a lot like driving.
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ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื ื”ื™ื’ื”.
06:43
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
06:44
It's true.
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ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
06:45
You are, by definition, on your way somewhere,
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ืืชื, ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืจื”, ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœืื™ืคื” ืฉื”ื•ื,
06:47
so everything that happens -- traffic, other drivers, road construction --
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ืื– ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” -- ืคืงืงื™ื, ื ื”ื’ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ --
06:52
it feels like it's blocking your goals.
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ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื ืžืขื›ื‘ื™ื ืืชื›ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื.
06:54
There are all these written and unwritten rules of the road,
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ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืœื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื,
06:57
and those rules are routinely violated right in front of you,
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ื•ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžื•ืคืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืžืžืฉ ืœืคื ื™ื›ื,
07:01
usually without consequence.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœืœื ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช.
07:02
And who's violating those rules?
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ื•ืžื™ ืžืคืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืืœื”?
07:04
Anonymous others, people you will never see again,
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ืื—ืจื™ื ืื ื•ื ื™ืžื™ื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืชืจืื• ืฉื•ื‘,
07:06
making them a very easy target for your wrath.
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืื•ืชื ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืงืœื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืœื›ืขืก ืฉืœื›ื.
07:10
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:11
So you're driving somewhere, thus teed up to be angry,
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ืื– ืืชื ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืœื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื, ื•ื›ืš ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ ืœื›ืขืก.
07:15
and the person in front of you is driving well below the speed limit.
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ื•ื”ืื“ื ืฉืžื•ืœื›ื ื ื•ื”ื’ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืชื—ืช ืœืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืชืจืช
07:20
And it's frustrating
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืชืกื›ืœ
07:21
because you can't really see why they're driving so slow.
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ื›ื™ ืืชื ืœื ืžืžืฉ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืœืžื” ื”ื•ื ื ื•ื”ื’ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืœืื˜.
07:24
That's primary appraisal.
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ื–ืืช ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช.
07:25
You've looked at this and you've said it's bad and it's blameworthy.
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ื”ืกืชื›ืœืชื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื•ืืžืจืชื ืฉื–ื” ื—ืžื•ืจ ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืจ ื”ืืฉืžื”.
07:28
But maybe you also decide it's not that big a deal.
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ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื ื’ื ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื›ื–ื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
07:31
You're not in a hurry, doesn't matter.
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ืืชื ืœื ืžืžื”ืจื™ื, ื–ื” ืœื ืžืฉื ื”.
07:33
That's secondary appraisal -- you don't get angry.
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ื–ืืช ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช -- ืืชื ืœื ื›ื•ืขืกื™ื.
07:37
But now imagine you're on your way to a job interview.
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืืชื ื‘ื“ืจื›ื›ื ืœืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
07:41
What that person is doing, it hasn't changed, right?
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ืžื” ืฉื”ืื“ื ื”ื–ื” ืขื•ืฉื”, ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืฉืชื ื”, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
07:44
So primary appraisal doesn't change; still bad, still blameworthy.
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ืื– ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ืœื ื”ืฉืชื ืชื”; ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืžื•ืจ, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจ ื”ืืฉืžื”.
07:48
But your ability to cope with it sure does.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœื›ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื–ื” ื”ืฉืชื ืชื” ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช.
07:51
Because all of a sudden,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืคืชืื•ื
07:52
you're going to be late to that job interview.
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ืืชื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืœืจืื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
07:54
All of a sudden,
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ืคืชืื•ื
07:55
you are not going to get your dream job,
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ืืชื ืœื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืžืฉืจืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื,
07:57
the one that was going to give you piles and piles of money.
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ื–ืืช ืฉืชืชืŸ ืœื›ื ืขืจื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืกืฃ.
08:00
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:01
Somebody else is going to get your dream job
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืžืฉืจืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื
08:04
and you're going to be broke.
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ื•ืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื™ื.
08:05
You're going to be destitute.
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ืืชื ืชื”ืคื›ื• ืœื—ืกืจื™ ื›ืœ.
08:07
Might as well stop now, turn around, move in with your parents.
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ืขื“ื™ืฃ ื›ื‘ืจ ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ื›ืืŸ, ืœื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื•ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื’ื•ืจ ืขื ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื.
08:10
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:12
Why?
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ืœืžื”?
08:14
"Because of this person in front of me.
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"ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื–ื” ืฉืžื•ืœื™.
08:15
This is not a person, this is a monster."
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ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ืŸ ืื“ื ื–ื” ืžืคืœืฆืช".
08:17
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:18
And this monster is here just to ruin your life.
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ื•ื”ืžืคืœืฆืช ื”ื–ืืช ื›ืืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจื•ืก ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื.
08:22
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:23
Now that thought process,
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ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื”ื–ื”,
08:25
it's called catastrophizing, the one where we make the worst of things.
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ื ืงืจื ืงื˜ืกื˜ืจื•ืคื™ื–ืฆื™ื”, ื‘ื” ืืชื ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ืจื•ืข ืžื›ืœ.
08:30
And it's one of the primary types of thoughts that we know
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ื•ื–ื” ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื
08:33
is associated with chronic anger.
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ืฉืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื›ืขืก ื›ืจื•ื ื™.
08:34
But there's a couple of others.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ืื—ืจื™ื.
08:37
Misattributing causation.
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ืกื™ื‘ืชื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื˜ืขื™ืช.
08:38
Angry people tend to put blame where it doesn't belong.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืขื•ืกื™ื ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืืฉืžื” ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื.
08:41
Not just on people,
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ืœื ืจืง ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื,
08:43
but actually inanimate objects as well.
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืขืœ ื—ืคืฆื™ื ื“ื•ืžืžื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื”.
08:45
And if you think that sound ridiculous,
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ื•ืื ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ืžื’ื•ื—ืš,
08:47
think about the last time you lost your car keys and you said,
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ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ืคืขื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื‘ื” ืื™ื‘ื“ืชื ืืช ืžืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืฉืœื›ื ื•ืืžืจืชื,
08:50
"Where did those car keys go?"
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"ืœืืŸ ื”ื ื ืขืœืžื•?"
08:51
Because you know they ran off on their own.
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ื›ื™ ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ื ื‘ืจื—ื• ืžืขืฆืžื.
08:53
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:56
They tend to overgeneralize, they use words like "always,"
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ื”ื ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ื›ืœืœื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช, ื”ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ื›ืžื• "ืชืžื™ื“",
08:59
"never," "every," "this always happens to me,"
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"ืืฃ ืคืขื", "ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ", "ื–ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืงื•ืจื” ืœื™".
09:02
"I never get what I want"
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"ืื ื™ ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื”".
09:03
or "I hit every stoplight on the way here today."
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ืื• "ื ืชืงืขืชื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืจืžื–ื•ืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื".
09:06
Demandingness: they put their own needs ahead of the needs of others:
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ืชื•ื‘ืขื ื•ืช: ื”ื ืžืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื—ืจื™ื:
09:10
"I don't care why this person is driving so slow,
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"ืœื ืื›ืคืช ืœื™ ืœืžื” ื”ืื“ื ื”ื–ื” ื ื•ื”ื’ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืœืื˜,
09:12
they need to speed up or move over so I can get to this job interview."
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ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืื™ืฅ ืื• ืœื–ื•ื– ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืจืื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™".
09:16
And finally, inflammatory labeling.
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืชื™ื•ื’ ืžืฉืœื”ื‘.
09:19
They call people fools, idiots, monsters,
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ื”ื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื˜ื™ืคืฉื™ื, ืื™ื“ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื, ืžืคืœืฆื•ืช,
09:22
or a whole bunch of things I've been told I'm not allowed to say
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ืื• ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืฉืœื ืฉืœ ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœื™ ืœื•ืžืจ
09:25
during this TED Talk.
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ื‘ื”ืจืฆืืช ื”TED ื”ื–ืืช.
09:26
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:27
So for a long time,
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘,
09:29
psychologists have referred to these as cognitive distortions
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ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื• ืœืืœื” ื›ืขื™ื•ื•ืชื™ื ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื
09:32
or even irrational beliefs.
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ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืืžื•ื ื•ืช ืœื ืจืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื•ืช.
09:34
And yeah, sometimes they are irrational.
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ื•ื›ืŸ, ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื ืœื ืจืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื™ื.
09:37
Maybe even most of the time.
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ืื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืคืขืžื™ื.
09:39
But sometimes, these thoughts are totally rational.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืคืขืžื™ื, ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื”ืŸ ืจืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™ื•ืช ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ.
09:42
There is unfairness in the world.
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ื™ืฉ ืื™- ืฆื“ืง ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
09:44
There are cruel, selfish people,
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ื™ืฉื ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืื›ื–ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืื ื•ื›ื™ื™ื,
09:46
and it's not only OK to be angry when we're treated poorly,
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ื•ืœื ืจืง ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืœื›ืขื•ืก ื›ืฉืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื ืืœื™ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื—ืคื™ืจ,
09:50
it's right to be angry when we're treated poorly.
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ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื›ืขื•ืก ื›ืฉืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื ืืœื™ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื—ืคื™ืจ.
09:53
If there's one thing I want you to remember from my talk today, it's this:
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ืื ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ื“ ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชื–ื›ืจื• ืžื”ื”ืจืฆืื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื•ื, ื–ื”:
09:57
your anger exists in you as an emotion
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ื”ื›ืขืก ืฉืœื›ื ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ื ื›ืจื’ืฉ
10:01
because it offered your ancestors, both human and nonhuman,
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ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคืง ืœืื‘ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื›ื, ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืœื-ืื ื•ืฉื™ื™ื,
10:06
with an evolutionary advantage.
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ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื•ื ื™.
10:08
Just as your fear alerts you to danger,
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืคื—ื“ ืฉืœื›ื ืžืชืจื™ืข ื‘ืคื ื™ ืกื›ื ื”,
10:11
your anger alerts you to injustice.
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ื”ื›ืขืก ืฉืœื›ื ืžืชืจื™ืข ื‘ืคื ื™ ืื™-ืฆื“ืง.
10:14
It's one of the ways your brain communicates to you
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ื–ื” ืื—ืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ืžืกืจ
10:16
that you have had enough.
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ืฉื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœื›ื.
10:19
What's more, it energizes you to confront that injustice.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืš, ื–ื” ืžืžืจื™ืฅ ืืชื›ื ืœื”ืชืขืžืช ืขื ืื™ ื”ืฆื“ืง ื”ื–ื”.
10:22
Think for a second about the last time you got mad.
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ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืคืขื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื‘ื” ื›ืขืกืชื.
10:25
Your heart rate increased.
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ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœื›ื ืขืœื”.
10:27
Your breathing increased, you started to sweat.
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ื”ื ืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืชืงืฆืจื”, ื”ืชื—ืœืชื ืœื”ื–ื™ืข.
10:30
That's your sympathetic nervous system,
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ื–ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ืกื™ืžืคืชื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื,
10:32
otherwise known as your fight-or-flight system,
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ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื’ื ื‘ืฉื ืžืขืจื›ืช "ื”ื™ืœื—ื ืื• ื‘ืจื—" ืฉืœื›ื,
10:35
kicking in to offer you the energy you need to respond.
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ืฉืžื•ืชื ืขืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกืคืง ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื” ืœืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื›ื.
10:39
And that's just the stuff you noticed.
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ื•ืืœื” ืจืง ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืชื ืฉืžื™ื ืœื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื.
10:41
At the same time, your digestive system slowed down so you could conserve energy.
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ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ืฉืœื›ื ืžืื™ื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืฉืžืจ ืื ืจื’ื™ื”.
10:46
That's why your mouth went dry.
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ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืคื” ืฉืœื›ื ื”ืชื™ื™ื‘ืฉ.
10:48
And your blood vessels dilated to get blood to your extremities.
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ื•ื›ืœื™ ื”ื“ื ืฉืœื›ื ื”ืชืจื—ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื–ืจื™ื ื“ื ืœื’ืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื.
10:52
That's why your face went red.
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ืœื›ื ื”ืคื ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ื”ืื“ื™ืžื•.
10:53
It's all part of this complex pattern of physiological experiences
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ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื“ืคื•ืก ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช
10:57
that exist today
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ืฉืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื’ื ื›ื™ื•ื
10:58
because they helped your ancestors
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ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ืกื™ื™ืขื• ืœืื‘ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื›ื
11:01
deal with cruel and unforgiving forces of nature.
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ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ืื›ื–ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ืกืœื—ื ื™ืช.
11:04
And the problem is that the thing your ancestors did
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ื•ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืื•ืชื• ืื‘ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื›ื ืขืฉื•
11:08
to deal with their anger,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ื›ืขืก ืฉืœื”ื,
11:09
to physically fight,
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ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ืคื™ื–ื™ืช,
11:10
they are no longer reasonable or appropriate.
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ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื• ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืื• ื”ื”ื•ืœืžืช.
11:13
You can't and you shouldn't swing a club every time you're provoked.
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ืืชื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœื ื›ื“ืื™ ืฉืชื ื™ืคื• ืืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื™ืชื’ืจื• ื‘ื›ื.
11:16
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
11:19
But here's the good news.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช.
11:21
You are capable of something
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ืืชื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืžืฉื”ื•
11:22
your nonhuman ancestors weren't capable of.
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ืฉืื‘ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ืœื ืื ื•ืฉื™ื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื•.
11:25
And that is the capacity to regulate your emotions.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื•ื•ืกืช ืืช ื”ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื.
11:29
Even when you want to lash out,
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืจืฅ,
11:30
you can stop yourself and you can channel that anger
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ื‘ืขืฆืžื›ื ื•ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืขืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืขืก ื”ื–ื”
11:33
into something more productive.
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ืœืžืฉื”ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™.
11:36
So often when we talk about anger,
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ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืขืก,
11:37
we talk about how to keep from getting angry.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื›ืขืก.
11:40
We tell people to calm down or relax.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ื™ืจื’ืข.
11:43
We even tell people to let it go.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœืฉื—ืจืจ.
11:45
And all of that assumes that anger is bad and that it's wrong to feel it.
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ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื›ืขืก ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื™ืœื™ ื•ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืื•ืชื•.
11:50
But instead, I like to think of anger as a motivator.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืช, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืขืก ื›ื’ื•ืจื ืžื ื™ืข.
11:53
The same way your thirst motivates you to get a drink of water,
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ื”ืฆืžื ืฉืœื›ื ืžื ื™ืข ืืชื›ื ืœืฉืชื•ืช ืžื™ื,
11:56
the same way your hunger motivates you to get a bite to eat,
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ื”ืจืขื‘ ืฉืœื›ื ืžื ื™ืข ืืชื›ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืฉื”ื•,
11:59
your anger can motivate you to respond to injustice.
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ื”ื›ืขืก ืฉืœื›ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื ื™ืข ืืชื›ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืœืื™ ืฆื“ืง.
12:03
Because we don't have to think too hard to find things we should be mad about.
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืœืขื•ืžืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื›ืขื™ืก ืื•ืชื ื•.
12:08
When we go back to the beginning,
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ืœื”,
12:09
yeah, some of those things, they're silly and not worth getting angry over.
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ื›ืŸ, ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ื”ื ื˜ื™ืคืฉื™ื™ื ื•ืœื ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื›ืขื•ืก ื‘ื’ืœืœื.
12:13
But racism, sexism, bullying, environmental destruction,
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช, ืกืงืกื™ื–ื, ื‘ืจื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื”ืจืก ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™,
12:16
those things are real, those things are terrible,
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื, ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ื ื ื•ืจืื™ื™ื,
12:19
and the only way to fix them is to get mad first
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ื•ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœืชืงืŸ ืื•ืชื ื”ื™ื ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืขื•ืก
12:22
and then channel that anger into fighting back.
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ื•ืื– ืœืชืขืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืขืก ื”ื–ื” ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื—ื–ืจื”.
12:26
And you don't have to fight back with aggression or hostility or violence.
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ืืชื ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื—ื–ืจื” ื‘ืชื•ืงืคื ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืขื•ื™ื ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช.
12:30
There are infinite ways that you can express your anger.
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ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ืกืคื•ืจ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ื›ืขืก ืฉืœื›ื.
12:33
You can protest, you can write letters to the editor,
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžื—ื•ืช, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืœืขื•ืจืš,
12:36
you can donate to and volunteer for causes,
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืจื•ื ื›ืกืฃ ื•ืœื”ืชื ื“ื‘,
12:38
you can create art, you can create literature,
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื•ืžื ื•ืช, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืกืคืจื•ืช,
12:41
you can create poetry and music,
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื™ืจื” ื•ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”,
12:43
you can create a community that cares for one another
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืงื™ื ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืชื˜ืคืœ ืืœื” ื‘ืืœื”
12:46
and does not allow those atrocities to happen.
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ื•ืฉืœื ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื–ื•ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืœื”ืชืจื—ืฉ.
12:49
So the next time you feel yourself getting angry,
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ืื– ื‘ืคืขื ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืชืจื’ื™ืฉื• ืฉืืชื ื›ื•ืขืกื™ื,
12:52
instead of trying to turn it off,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื›ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืจื’ืฉ,
12:54
I hope you'll listen to what that anger is telling you.
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืชืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœืžื” ืฉื›ืขืก ื”ื–ื” ืžืกืคืจ ืœื›ื.
12:56
And then I hope you'll channel it into something positive and productive.
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ื•ืื– ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืชืชืขืœื• ืืช ื–ื” ืœืžืฉื”ื• ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื•ืžื•ืขื™ืœ.
13:00
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
13:01
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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