The Secret Life of Plankton

浮游生物的秘密生活 - 蒂尔尼泰思 (Tierney Thys)

2,062,548 views ・ 2012-04-02

TED-Ed


请双击下面的英文字幕来播放视频。

翻译人员: Li Huayang 校对人员: Sabrina Chen
(音乐)
00:17
[Stories from the Sea]
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[海中传奇]
00:21
[Fish Tale My Secret Life as Plankton]
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[鱼的自述: 我曾是浮游生物的秘密生活]
00:29
How did I get here?
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我是怎么到这里的?
00:32
Well, it's a stranger story than you might think.
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这故事可比你想像的要更奇怪
00:37
I came from a world of drifters,
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我来自充满浮游流浪者的世界
00:40
a place few humans have ever seen.
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一个少有人类见过的地方
00:43
The world of plankton.
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——浮游生物的世界
00:47
I came from a batch of a million eggs, and only a few of us survived.
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我从数以百万计的卵中孵出来
我们之中只有极少数存活下来
00:55
When I became a larva, I moved among other drifters.
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当我孵化成幼体时
我和其他的浮游者一起活动
00:59
["Plankton" comes from the Greek "planktos" for wandering]
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「浮游生物一词来自希腊文 planktos 即漫游之意」
01:08
My fellow plankton came in all sizes, from tiny algae and bacteria
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我们浮游生物大小各不相同
从微小的藻类与细菌 到比蓝鲸更长的动物
01:13
to animals longer than a blue whale.
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01:20
I shared my nursery with other embryos and juveniles,
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我在托儿所的同学
还有蛤蜊、螃蟹和海胆、海葵的 胚胎和幼体
01:25
from clams and crabs to sea urchins and anemones.
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(浮游生物杂音)
01:32
(High pitch sound)
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01:33
We drifting animals are called zooplankton.
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我们浮游的动物被称为 「浮游动物」 (zooplankton)
01:38
The most common animals here are copepods and krill.
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这里最常见的动物
是桡足类 (copepod) 和磷虾 (krill)
01:43
(Buzzing)
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01:46
You could search the world over,
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您可以找遍世界各地
01:48
but you'd never find a place more diverse than my childhood home.
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但你找不到比我童年家庭 更多样化的地方了
01:53
A teaspoon of seawater
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一茶匙的海水
01:55
can contain more than a million living creatures.
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可能包含一百万个以上小生物
02:01
It can be a pretty tough existence, though.
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不过生活相当艰难
02:04
Trillions are born here, but only a few make it to adulthood.
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虽然出生的数以兆计
但活到成年的只占少数
02:14
He may be no larger than a pin head,
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它可能不比针头大
02:16
but this crab larva is an arrow worm's worst nightmare.
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但这只蟹苗是箭头虫 (arrow worm) 最可怕的噩梦
02:22
(Bumping noises)
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(浮游生物杂音)
02:32
(Buzzing)
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02:35
Epic battles between carnivores like these are just one way to get food.
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肉食动物之间的战斗 只是获得食物的方式之一
02:41
But the real powers of this place come from phytoplankton.
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这个地方的真正能量来源是 「浮游植物」(phytoplankton):
02:47
Single-celled life
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它是能将阳光和二氧化碳转换为
02:48
that transforms sunlight and carbon dioxide
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02:51
into edible gold.
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可食用的「金矿」的一种单细胞生物
03:00
Phytoplankton are the base for the largest food web in the world.
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浮游植物是世界上 最大食物网的基础
03:06
During the night,
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在夜间
03:08
many animals like me would rise up from the depths
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许多像我这样的动物,从深处上升
03:11
to feed on this sun-powered feast.
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饱餐一顿太阳能的盛宴
(浮游生物杂音)
03:15
(Maraca sound)
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03:18
I was part of the largest daily migration of life on Earth.
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我是地球上最大规模 日迁移生物的一部分
03:25
During the day,
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到了白天
03:26
I'd return to the darkness, where I'd join my bizarre companions.
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我回到黑暗,加入奇异的同伴中
03:32
(High pitch buzz)
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03:34
(Flapping noises)
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03:35
Cannibals, like this sea butterfly mollusk,
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有些会同类相残,像这只 软体动物──海蝴蝶 (sea butterfly)
03:38
that eats its next of kin.
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会吃掉它的近亲
03:44
And comb jellies,
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栉水母 (comb jelly)
03:46
that beat cilia like rainbowed eyelashes.
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有节奏地摆动着 像七彩睫毛的纤毛
03:55
Some of these snare their prey with sticky tentacles,
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有的用黏糊糊的触手设下陷阱 来捕捉猎物
03:59
while others just take a bite out of their cousins.
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有的则是一口咬掉堂兄弟
04:05
And siphonophores
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管水母 (Siphonophorae) 是用
04:06
that catch prey with toxic fishing lures.
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有毒的鱼饵捕捉猎物
04:15
But my favorite would have to be the crustacean Phronima.
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我的最爱则是甲壳动物「巧戎」 (虫戎) (Phronima)
04:20
Its monstrous looks inspired the movie "Aliens."
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可怕的长相启发了电影「异形」
04:25
It can catch tiny bits in its bristles,
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它可以用短毛捕捉小东西
04:28
but prefers larger prey like salps.
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但更喜欢樽海鞘 (salps) 这类更大的猎物
04:34
With two sets of eyes, this female prowls the deeper water.
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它有两对眼睛 这只雌性在更深的水中觅食
04:41
Prey in hand,
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她在用到手的猎物做着整个动物王国中 最奇怪的行为之一
04:43
she performs one of the strangest behaviors
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04:45
in the entire animal kingdom.
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04:50
With body parts from her victims,
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就是用这个受害者的肢体
04:53
she delicately assembles a barrel-like home
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巧妙组装成水桶状的家
04:56
feeding her young until they can drift off and survive on their own.
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来喂养她的宝宝 直到它们可以漂走独立生存
05:04
Best of all, they make the perfect snack for a small fish like me.
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最美妙的是,对我这样的小鱼而言 它们是完美的点心
05:12
Here among the plankton,
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浮游生物之间的
05:14
the food web is so tangled and complex,
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食物网太纠结复杂了
05:18
even scientists don't know who eats whom.
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连科学家都不知道谁吃了谁
05:23
But I do.
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但我知道
05:28
At least now you know a bit of my story.
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至少你现在知道了一些我的故事
05:32
There's so much more to me than just a tasty meal.
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我可不只是道美味的菜肴而已
撰稿: Tierney Thys & Christian Sardet
导演: Noe Sardet & Sharif Mirshak, Parafilms
旁白: Kirk Lombard
动画: Noe Sardet
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