The Egyptian myth of the death of Osiris - Alex Gendler

3,827,394 views ・ 2020-07-16

TED-Ed


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翻译人员: Wanting Zhong 校对人员: Yanyan Hong
00:07
It was a feast like Egypt had never seen before.
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这是埃及一场空前的盛宴。
00:10
The warrior god Set and his wife, the goddess Nephtys,
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战神赛特(Set)和他的妻子 女神奈芙蒂斯(Nephtys)
00:14
decorated an extravagant hall for the occasion,
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为这场宴会布置了 一间极尽奢华的大厅,
00:17
with a beautiful wooden chest as the centerpiece.
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其中最为夺目的是 一个无比华美的木箱。
00:20
They invited all the most important gods, dozens of lesser deities,
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他们邀请了所有位高权重的神祗、 数十位下级神灵,
00:24
and foreign monarchs.
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以及外国的君主。
00:26
But no one caused as big a stir as Set and Nephtys’s older brother Osiris,
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但最引人瞩目的莫过于赛特 和奈芙蒂斯的兄长欧西里斯(Osiris),
00:32
the god who ruled all of Egypt and had brought prosperity to everyone.
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他是埃及的统治者, 为天下苍生带来繁荣的神祗。
00:37
Set announced a game—
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赛特宣布了一场游戏——
00:39
whoever could fit perfectly in the chest could have it as a gift.
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谁能完美地躺进箱子, 这个箱子就归谁所有。
00:43
One by one, the guests clambered in, but no one fit.
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宾客们一个接一个地爬进箱子里, 但是没有任何人合身。
00:47
Finally, it was Osiris’s turn.
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最后,轮到了欧西里斯。
00:50
As he lay down, everyone could see it was a perfect fit—
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当他躺下时,所有人都看到 他刚好合身——
00:53
another win for the god who could do no wrong.
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这位十全十美的神祗 再次赢得了胜利。
00:57
Then Set slammed the lid down with Osiris still inside, sealed it shut,
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然后,当欧西里斯还在箱子里时, 赛特猛地关上箱盖,将其封死,
01:03
and tossed it into the Nile.
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并扔进了尼罗河里。
01:05
The chest was a coffin.
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原来这个木箱是一口棺材。
01:07
Set had constructed it specifically to trap his brother
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赛特为了困住兄长, 特地为他量身订造了这口棺材,
01:11
and planned the party to lure him into it.
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并谋划了这次宴会, 将他骗进了陷阱。
01:14
Set had long been jealous of his brother’s successful reign,
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赛特对兄长的治理功绩嫉妒已久,
01:17
and hoped to replace him as the ruler of all Egypt.
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想取而代之统治埃及。
01:22
The Nile bore the coffin out to sea and it drifted for many days
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尼罗河载着棺材入海, 它在水上漂流了很多天,
01:26
before washing ashore near Byblos, where a great cedar grew around it.
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才被冲刷到比布鲁斯(Byblos) 附近的海岸上,
一棵茁壮的雪松环绕着棺材生长起来,
01:31
The essence of the god within gave the tree a divine aura,
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里面神灵的精髓 让这棵树散发出神圣的气息,
01:35
and when the king of Byblos noticed it,
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当比布鲁斯的国王发现它时,
01:37
he ordered the tree cut down and brought to his palace.
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他下令砍伐这棵树, 运送到自己的宫殿中。
01:40
Unbeknownst to him,
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他有所不知的是,
01:42
the coffin containing Egypt’s most powerful god was still inside.
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埃及最强大神祗的棺柩还藏在树干中。
01:47
Set’s victory seemed complete, but he hadn’t counted on his sisters.
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塞特似乎大获全胜, 但他没有考虑到自己的姊妹们。
01:51
Set’s wife Nephtys was also his sister,
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赛特的妻子奈芙蒂斯也是他的姊妹,
01:54
while their other sister, the goddess Isis,
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而他们的另一位姊妹, 女神伊西斯(Isis),
01:57
was married to their brother Osiris.
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是他们兄长欧西里斯的妻子。
01:59
Isis was determined to find Osiris,
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伊西斯决意要找到欧西里斯,
02:02
and enlisted Nephtys’s help behind Set’s back.
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并瞒着赛特寻求了奈芙蒂斯的帮助。
02:05
The two sisters took the shape of falcons and travelled far and wide.
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两姐妹化身为鹰隼, 在广袤的土地上搜寻。
02:10
Some children who had seen the coffin float by
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一些看到棺材漂过的孩子
02:13
pointed them to the palace of Byblos.
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将她们指向了比布鲁斯的宫殿。
02:16
Isis adopted a new disguise and approached the palace.
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伊西斯化身成别的模样进入宫殿。
02:19
The queen was so charmed by the disguised goddess
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女神的化身深得王后的欢心,
02:22
that she entrusted her with nursing the baby prince.
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王后甚至把自己的小王子 托付给她照顾。
02:26
Isis decided to make the child immortal by bathing him in flame.
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伊西斯决定让这个孩子浴火得永生。
02:31
When the horrified queen came upon this scene,
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当惊骇万分的王后赶到现场,
02:34
Isis revealed herself and demanded the tree.
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伊西斯现出了真身要求得到那棵雪松。
02:38
When she cut the coffin from the trunk and opened it,
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当她从树干中切出棺材打开之后,
02:41
Osiris was dead inside.
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才发现欧西里斯早已死在了里面。
02:44
Weeping, she carried his body back to Egypt and hid it in a swamp,
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痛哭流涕的伊西斯带着他的尸首 回到埃及,将他藏在了沼泽中,
02:48
while she set off in search of a means of resurrecting him.
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同时开始寻觅让他死而复生的方法。
02:51
But while she was gone,
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但当她离开的时候,
02:53
Set found the body and cut it into many pieces,
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赛特发现了尸体,把它分割成许多块,
02:57
scattering them throughout Egypt.
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抛在了埃及各处。
02:59
Isis had lost Osiris for the second time, but she did not give up.
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伊西斯再度失去了欧西里斯, 但她没有放弃。
03:04
She searched all over the land, traveling in a boat of papyrus.
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她乘着纸莎草做的船, 找遍了埃及大陆,
03:08
One by one, she tracked down the parts
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一块又一块地, 她在埃及每一个省
03:10
of her husband’s dismembered body in every province of Egypt,
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寻回了丈夫被肢解的碎块,
03:15
holding a funeral for each piece.
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并为每一块尸身举行了葬礼。
03:17
At long last, she had recovered every piece but one—
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终于,她找回了所有碎块, 除了一块——
03:21
his penis, which a fish in the Nile had eaten.
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他的生殖器, 尼罗河里的一条鱼吞了它。
03:26
Working with what she had, Isis reconstructed and revived her husband.
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伊西斯还是用找到的碎块 重塑并复活了她的丈夫。
03:31
But without his penis, Osiris was incomplete.
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但失去阳具的欧西里斯并不完整。
03:34
He could not remain among the living,
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他无法继续留在人间,
03:36
could not return to his old position as ruler of Egypt.
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无法再度作为统治者君临埃及。
03:40
Instead, he would have to rule over Duat, the realm of the dead.
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他只能去统治冥界(Duat), 死者之境。
03:45
Before he went, though, he and Isis conceived a son to bear Osiris’s legacy—
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在临行前,他和伊西斯怀上了一个儿子,
而他将继承父业——
03:51
and one day, avenge him.
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并最终,为父亲报仇雪恨。
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