How the food you eat affects your brain - Mia Nacamulli

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2016-06-21 ・ TED-Ed


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How the food you eat affects your brain - Mia Nacamulli

19,011,704 views ・ 2016-06-21

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Yangha Kim κ²€ν† : Seon-Gyu Choi
00:06
Your Brain on Food
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[λ‡Œμ™€ μŒμ‹]
00:09
If you sucked all of the moisture out of your brain
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λ‡Œμ—μ„œ μˆ˜λΆ„μ„ μ „λΆ€ μ œκ±°ν•˜κ³ 
00:12
and broke it down to its constituent nutritional content,
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κ·Έ μ•ˆμ˜ λ‚΄μš©λ¬Όμ„ μ˜μ–‘ μ„±λΆ„λ³„λ‘œ λΆ„λ₯˜ν•˜λ©΄
00:16
what would it look like?
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μ–΄λ–€ λͺ¨μŠ΅μΌκΉŒμš”?
00:18
Most of the weight of your dehydrated brain would come from fats,
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μˆ˜λΆ„μ΄ 빠진 λ‡Œ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ„ μ°¨μ§€ν•˜λŠ” 건 μ§€λ°©μΈλ°μš”.
00:22
also known as lipids.
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이 지방 성뢄을 μ§€μ§ˆμ΄λΌκ³ λ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:24
In the remaining brain matter, you would find proteins and amino acids,
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지방 외에 λ‡Œλ₯Ό κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” λ¬Όμ§ˆμ—λŠ” λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆκ³Ό 아미노산이 있고
00:28
traces of micronutrients,
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κ·Έ 외에 λ―ΈλŸ‰μ˜μ–‘μ†Œμ™€
00:30
and glucose.
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포도당이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:32
The brain is, of course, more than just the sum of its nutritional parts,
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λ¬Όλ‘ , λ‡ŒλŠ” μ˜μ–‘μ„±λΆ„μ˜ 합을 μ˜λ―Έν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒλ§Œμ€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:37
but each component does have a distinct impact on functioning,
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각 성뢄은 νŠΉμˆ˜ν•œ κΈ°λŠ₯을 μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜κ³ 
00:41
development,
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λ°œλ‹¬μ— κ΄€μ—¬ν•˜λ©°
00:42
mood,
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μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ κΈ°λΆ„κ³Ό
00:43
and energy.
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μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ‚¬μš©μ—λ„ 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:44
So that post-lunch apathy,
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점심 직후에 무기λ ₯함을 λŠλΌκ±°λ‚˜
00:46
or late-night alertness you might be feeling,
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밀에 잠 λͺ» μ΄λ£¨λŠ” κ²½μš°κ°€ μžˆλŠ”λ°μš”
00:49
well, that could simply be the effects of food on your brain.
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μŒμ‹μ΄ λ‡Œμ— 영ν–₯을 미치면 이런 ν˜„μƒμ΄ λ°œμƒν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:54
Of the fats in your brain, the superstars are omegas 3 and 6.
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λ‡Œλ₯Ό κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 지방 μ„±λΆ„ 쀑에 κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 게 μ˜€λ©”κ°€ 3와 6μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:59
These essential fatty acids,
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이 두 가지가 핡심 지방산이죠.
01:01
which have been linked to preventing degenerative brain conditions,
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이 지방산 성뢄이 λ‡Œκ°€ ν‡΄ν™”ν•˜λŠ” 것을 λ§‰μ•„μ£ΌλŠ”λ°
01:05
must come from our diets.
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μŒμ‹μ„ 톡해 μ„­μ·¨ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:07
So eating omega-rich foods,
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μ˜€λ©”κ°€ 성뢄이 ν’λΆ€ν•œ μŒμ‹
01:09
like nuts,
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01:09
seeds,
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즉, 견과λ₯˜λ‚˜
씨앗,
01:10
and fatty fish,
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생선을 λ¨Ήμ–΄μ•Ό
01:11
is crucial to the creation and maintenance of cell membranes.
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세포막을 ν˜•μ„±ν•˜κ³  μœ μ§€ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:16
And while omegas are good fats for your brain,
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μ˜€λ©”κ°€ 같은 지방 성뢄은 λ‡Œ 건강을 μ§€μΌœμ£Όμ§€λ§Œ
01:19
long-term consumption of other fats, like trans and saturated fats,
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νŠΈλžœμŠ€μ§€λ°©μ΄λ‚˜ 포화지방은 μž₯κΈ°κ°„ μ„­μ·¨ν•˜λ©΄
01:23
may compromise brain health.
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λ‡Œ 건강을 μœ„ν˜‘ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:26
Meanwhile, proteins and amino acids,
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반면, λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆμ΄λ‚˜ μ•„λ―Έλ…Έμ‚°κ³Ό 같이
01:29
the building block nutrients of growth and development,
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μ„±μž₯κ³Ό λ°œλ‹¬μ— κ΄€μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” ꡬ성 μš”μ†Œλ“€μ€
01:32
manipulate how we feel and behave.
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μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 감정과 행동에 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:35
Amino acids contain the precursors to neurotransmitters,
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μ•„λ―Έλ…Έμ‚°μ—λŠ” μ‹ κ²½μ „λ‹¬λ¬Όμ§ˆμ˜ 전ꡬ체가 λ“€μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:39
the chemical messengers that carry signals between neurons,
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μ „κ΅¬μ²΄λŠ” λ‰΄λŸ° 사이에 μ‹ ν˜Έλ₯Ό λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ” μΌμ’…μ˜ ν™”ν•™μ „λ‹¬λ¬Όμ§ˆλ‘œ
01:43
affecting things like mood,
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μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 기뢄을 μ’Œμš°ν•  뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
01:45
sleep,
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μˆ˜λ©΄μ΄λ‚˜
01:46
attentiveness,
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주의λ ₯,
01:47
and weight.
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그리고 체쀑에도 영ν–₯을 μ£Όμ£ .
01:49
They're one of the reasons we might feel calm after eating a large plate of pasta,
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νŒŒμŠ€νƒ€λ₯Ό 많이 λ¨Ήκ³  기뢄이 μ§„μ •λ˜λŠ” 건 그런 ν™”ν•™μ „λ‹¬λ¬Όμ§ˆ λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄κΈ°λ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:53
or more alert after a protein-rich meal.
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λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆμ΄ ν’λΆ€ν•œ μŒμ‹μ„ λ¨Ήκ³  κ°μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 것도 μ—­μ‹œ 같은 μ΄μœ μ—μ„œμ£ .
01:56
The complex combinations of compounds in food
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μŒμ‹μ— λ“€μ–΄μžˆλŠ” λ³΅μž‘ν•œ 화합물이 λ‡Œλ₯Ό μžκ·Ήν•˜λ©΄ λ‡Œμ„Έν¬μ—μ„œ
01:59
can stimulate brain cells to release mood-altering norepinephrine,
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μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 기뢄을 λ°”κΎΈλŠ” 성뢄인 λ…Έλ₯΄μ—ν”Όλ„€ν”„λ¦°κ³Ό
02:04
dopamine,
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λ„νŒŒλ―Ό,
02:06
and serotonin.
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μ„Έλ‘œν† λ‹Œμ΄ λΆ„λΉ„λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
But getting to your brain cells is tricky,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ‡Œμ„Έν¬λ₯Ό μžκ·Ήν•˜λŠ” 게 μ‰¬μš΄ 일은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:09
and amino acids have to compete for limited access.
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아미노산이 λ‡Œμ— λ„λ‹¬ν•˜λ €λ©΄ μΉ˜μ—΄ν•œ κ²½μŸμ„ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜κ±°λ“ μš”.
02:13
A diet with a range of foods helps maintain a balanced combination
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λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μŒμ‹μ„ 고루 μ„­μ·¨ν•˜λ©΄ λ‡Œμ— μžˆλŠ” ν™”ν•™μ „λ‹¬λ¬Όμ§ˆμ΄
02:17
of brain messengers,
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κ· ν˜•μ„ μ΄λ£¨λŠ” 데 도움이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:19
and keeps your mood from getting skewed in one direction or the other.
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λ˜ν•œ 기뢄이 μ˜€λ½κ°€λ½ν•˜λŠ” ν˜„μƒλ„ 방지할 μˆ˜κ°€ 있죠.
02:23
Like the other organs in our bodies,
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우리 λͺΈ μ•ˆμ— μžˆλŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ μž₯기와 λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ
02:25
our brains also benefit from a steady supply of micronutrients.
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μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ λ‡ŒλŠ” λ―ΈλŸ‰μ˜μ–‘μ†Œμ˜ 도움을 κΎΈμ€€νžˆ λ°›μ•„μ•Ό μ›ν™œνžˆ κΈ°λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:30
Antioxidants in fruits and vegetables
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κ³ΌμΌμ΄λ‚˜ μ±„μ†Œμ— λ“€μ–΄μžˆλŠ” ν•­μ‚°ν™” λ¬Όμ§ˆμ€
02:32
strengthen the brain to fight off free radicals that destroy brain cells,
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λ‡Œμ˜ κΈ°λŠ₯을 κ°•ν™”ν•΄ λ‡Œμ„Έν¬λ₯Ό νŒŒκ΄΄ν•˜λŠ” ν™œμ„±μ‚°μ†Œλ₯Ό μ–΅μ œν•˜λŠ” 데 도움을 μ£Όλ©°
02:37
enabling your brain to work well for a longer period of time.
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λ‡Œκ°€ μž₯κΈ°κ°„ λ¬Έμ œμ—†μ΄ κΈ°λŠ₯을 ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ λ„μ™€μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:41
And without powerful micronutrients,
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λ―ΈλŸ‰ μ˜μ–‘μ†Œκ°€ λΆ€μ‘±ν•˜κ²Œ 되면
02:43
like the vitamins B6,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ 비타민 B6λ‚˜
02:44
B12,
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B12,
02:45
and folic acid,
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μ—½μ‚° 같이 말이죠.
02:47
our brains would be susceptible to brain disease and mental decline.
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λ‡Œκ°€ 병듀고 μ •μ‹  건강에도 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μƒκΉλ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:51
Trace amounts of the minerals iron,
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μ†ŒλŸ‰μ˜ λ―Έλ„€λž„λ„ 빠질 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ² λΆ„μ΄λ‚˜
02:53
copper,
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ꡬ리,
02:54
zinc,
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μ•„μ—°,
02:55
and sodium
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λ‚˜νŠΈλ₯¨κ³Ό 같은 성뢄은
02:56
are also fundamental to brain health and early cognitive development.
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λ‡Œμ˜ 건강을 μœ μ§€ν•˜κ³  초기 인지 λ°œλ‹¬μ— 도움을 μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:01
In order for the brain to efficiently transform and synthesize
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λ‡Œκ°€ 이같이 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 성뢄듀을 효과적으둜 λ³€ν™”μ‹œν‚€κ³ 
03:04
these valuable nutrients,
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ν•©μ„±ν•˜λ €λ©΄
03:06
it needs fuel, and lots of it.
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λ§Žμ€ μ–‘μ˜ μ—°λ£Œκ°€ 곡급돼야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:08
While the human brain only makes up about 2% of our body weight,
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μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ μ²΄μ€‘μ—μ„œ λ‡ŒλŠ” μ „μ²΄μ˜ 2%λ₯Ό μ°¨μ§€ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
03:12
it uses up to 20% of our energy resources.
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λ‡Œκ°€ μ†ŒλΉ„ν•˜λŠ” μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ–‘μ€ 무렀 20%λ‚˜ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:16
Most of this energy comes from carbohydrates
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μ£Όμš” μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ›μ€ νƒ„μˆ˜ν™”λ¬Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:19
that our body digests into glucose, or blood sugar.
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이 νƒ„μˆ˜ν™”λ¬Όμ€ μ²΄λ‚΄μ—μ„œ 포도당과 ν˜ˆλ‹ΉμœΌλ‘œ μ „ν™˜λ˜μ£ .
03:24
The frontal lobes are so sensitive to drops in glucose, in fact,
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λ‡Œμ˜ 전두엽은 사싀 포도당에 맀우 λ―Όκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:28
that a change in mental function is one of the primary signals
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λ‡Œκ°€ 정상적인 κΈ°λŠ₯을 λͺ» ν•˜λŠ” 것은 λŒ€ν‘œμ μΈ
03:31
of nutrient deficiency.
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μ˜μ–‘ λΆ€μ‘±μ˜ μ¦μƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:34
Assuming that we are getting glucose regularly,
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μ²΄λ‚΄μ—μ„œ 포도당이 주기적으둜 ν˜•μ„±λœλ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
03:37
how does the specific type of carbohydrates we eat affect our brains?
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ„­μ·¨ν•˜λŠ” νŠΉμ • νƒ„μˆ˜ν™”λ¬Ό 성뢄이 우리 λ‡Œμ— μ–΄λ–€ 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ κΉŒμš”?
03:42
Carbs come in three forms:
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νƒ„μˆ˜ν™”λ¬Όμ—λŠ” λ‹€μŒκ³Ό 같이 μ„Έ 가지 μ’…λ₯˜κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:44
starch,
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03:44
sugar,
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녹말,
λ‹ΉλΆ„,
03:45
and fiber.
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μ„¬μœ μ§ˆ.
03:47
While on most nutrition labels,
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μ˜μ–‘μ„±λΆ„ν‘œλ₯Ό 보면
03:48
they are all lumped into one total carb count,
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λŒ€κ°œ 이 μ„Έ 가지λ₯Ό λ¬Άμ–΄ νƒ„μˆ˜ν™”λ¬Όμ΄λΌκ³  ν‘œκΈ°λΌ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:52
the ratio of the sugar and fiber subgroups to the whole amount
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이 쀑 λ‹ΉλΆ„κ³Ό μ„¬μœ μ§ˆμ˜ μ΄λŸ‰μ΄ μ–Όλ§ˆλƒμ— 따라
03:56
affect how the body and brain respond.
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우리 λͺΈκ³Ό λ‡Œκ°€ λ°˜μ‘ν•˜λŠ” 양상이 λ‹¬λΌμ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:59
A high glycemic food, like white bread,
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κ³ ν˜ˆλ‹Ή μŒμ‹μΈ 흰 빡을 먹으면
04:02
causes a rapid release of glucose into the blood,
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ν˜ˆκ΄€μ— 포도당이 κΈ‰μ†νžˆ νΌμ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:05
and then comes the dip.
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그러고 λ‚˜μ„œ μ–Όλ§ˆ ν›„ ν˜ˆλ‹Ήμ΄ ν™• 떨어지죠.
04:07
Blood sugar shoots down, and with it, our attention span and mood.
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이처럼 ν˜ˆλ‹Ήμ΄ λ–¨μ–΄μ§€λ©΄μ„œ 주의λ ₯도 떨어지고 기뢄도 μΆ• μ²˜μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:12
On the other hand, oats, grains, and legumes have slower glucose release,
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반면, κ·€λ¦¬λ‚˜ 곑물, 콩을 먹으면 λͺΈ μ•ˆμ— 포도당이 μ„œμ„œνžˆ 퍼져
04:17
enabling a steadier level of attentiveness.
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주의λ ₯이 μ§€μ†ν•˜λŠ” μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 길어지죠.
04:21
For sustained brain power,
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λ‡Œκ°€ κΎΈμ€€νžˆ 제 κΈ°λŠ₯을 μœ μ§€ν•˜λ €λ©΄
04:23
opting for a varied diet of nutrient-rich foods is critical.
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μ˜μ–‘λΆ„μ΄ ν’λΆ€ν•œ μŒμ‹μ„ μ’…λ₯˜λ³„λ‘œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•˜κ²Œ μ„­μ·¨ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
무엇을 λ¨Ήκ³ , μ”Ήκ³ , μ‚Όν‚€λŠλƒμ— 따라
04:27
When it comes to what you bite, chew, and swallow,
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04:29
your choices have a direct and long-lasting effect
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λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ 선택이 우리 λͺΈμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ κ°•λ ₯ν•œ μž₯기인 λ‡Œμ—
04:33
on the most powerful organ in your body.
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즉각적이고 μž₯기적인 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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