If superpowers were real: Super strength - Joy Lin

2,210,386 views ใƒป 2013-06-28

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Ido Dekkers ืขืจื™ื›ื”: benyamin zinshtein
00:13
If you wake up one morning
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ืื ืชืชืขื•ืจืจื• ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืื—ื“
00:15
with 1,000 times the strength you had the night before,
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ืขื ื›ื•ื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืคื™ 1,000 ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื›ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ,
00:19
how will you handle delicate day-to-day tasks?
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ืื™ืš ืชืชืžื•ื“ื“ื• ืขื ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช?
00:23
Everything must seem so fragile to you
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ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืจืื” ืฉื‘ื™ืจ ืœื›ื
00:26
since the scale of your strength
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ืžืื—ืจ ื•ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื
00:27
has expanded one thousand times.
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ื”ืชืจื—ื‘ ืคื™ ืืœืฃ.
00:31
You'd have to be very careful
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ืืชื ืชืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืฉ ื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื
00:32
when you're shaking someone's hand
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ื›ืฉืืชื ืœื•ื—ืฆื™ื ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืืช ื”ื™ื“
00:34
so you don't end up breaking their bones
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ื›ืš ืฉืœื ืชืฉื‘ืจื• ืœื• ื‘ื˜ืขื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขืฆืžื•ืช
ืื• ืชืจืกืงื• ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืืชื ืžื—ื‘ืงื™ื.
00:36
or crushing everyone you hug.
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00:41
And using a fork to pick up a piece of broccoli
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ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื–ืœื’ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจื™ื ื—ืชื™ื›ืช ื‘ืจื•ืงื•ืœื™
00:43
from a Styrofoam plate
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ืžืฆืœื—ืช ืงืœืงืจ
00:44
without driving the fork through the plate
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื–ืœื’ ื“ืจืš ื”ืฆืœื—ืช
00:46
is going to be as difficult as brain surgery.
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ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ื›ืžื• ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืžื•ื—.
00:51
Say the day comes
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ื ื’ื™ื“ ื•ืžื’ื™ืข ื”ื™ื•ื
00:52
and you get the chance to save a damsel in distress
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ื•ืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืขืœืžื” ื‘ืžืฆื•ืงื”
00:55
falling from a helicopter.
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ืฉื ื•ืคืœืช ืžื”ืœื™ืงื•ืคื˜ืจ.
01:00
So, you hold out your arms,
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ืื–, ืืชื ืžื•ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื ืืช ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืชื™ื›ื,
01:01
hoping to catch her.
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ื‘ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœืชืคื•ืฉ ืื•ืชื”.
01:02
Seconds later, you will find yourself
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ืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ืืชื ืชืžืฆืื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื›ื
01:05
holding her lifeless body.
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ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื™ื ืืช ื’ื•ืคื” ื—ืกืจ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
01:07
What happened?
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ืžื” ืงืจื”?
01:08
Well, pressure is force divided by area.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืœื—ืฅ ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ื— ื—ืœืงื™ ืฉื˜ื—.
01:11
The smaller the area,
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ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืฉื˜ื— ืงื˜ืŸ,
01:12
the bigger the pressure.
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ื›ืš ื”ืœื—ืฅ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
01:13
This is why we can lift heavy objects
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ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืจื™ื ื—ืคืฆื™ื ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื
01:15
without breaking our skin,
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœืงืจื•ืข ืืช ื”ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœื ื•,
01:17
but a tiny needle can make us bleed
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื—ื˜ ื–ืขื™ืจื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื ื• ืœื“ืžื
01:19
with just a little poke.
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ืขื ื“ืงื™ืจื” ืงื˜ื ื”.
01:21
The pressure that will be exerted on her body
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ื”ืœื—ืฅ ืฉื™ื•ืคืขืœ ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื”
ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ื•ื—
01:24
can be calculated by force
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01:25
divided by the area on the top of your arms
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ืžื—ื•ืœืง ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื
01:28
that comes in contact with her.
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ืฉื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ื”.
01:29
It doesn't matter if your arms are strong enough
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ื–ื” ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ืื ื”ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื ื—ื–ืจื•ืช ืžืกืคื™ืง
01:31
to catch her body without breaking your bones.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืคื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื” ื‘ืœื™ ืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืขืฆืžื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื.
01:34
Her spine is not strong enough
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ืขืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื“ืจื” ืฉืœื” ืœื ื—ื–ืง ืžืกืคื™ืง
01:35
to be caught by you without being damaged.
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ืœื”ื™ืชืคืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื›ื ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ื ื–ืง.
01:37
Even if you rip off the nearest door
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืชืงืจืขื• ืืช ื”ื“ืœืช ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื”
01:39
to provide a bigger area to catch her with,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกืคืง ืฉื˜ื— ืคื ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืคื•ืฉ ืื•ืชื”,
01:43
you still wouldn't be able to save her anyway.
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ืืชื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืชื”ื™ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืื•ืชื”.
01:47
Remember, it's not the fall that kills her,
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ื–ื›ืจื•, ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื ืคื™ืœื” ืฉื”ื•ืจื’ืช ืื•ืชื”,
01:50
but the sudden stop at the bottom.
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ืืœื ื”ืขืฆื™ืจื” ื”ืคืชืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ืชื™ืช.
01:52
Let's say she's falling from a 32 story building,
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื’ื™ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื•ืคืœืช ืžื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ 32 ืงื•ืžื•ืช,
01:55
about 300 feet,
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ื‘ืขืจืš 100 ืžื˜ืจ,
01:56
and you are 6 feet tall,
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ื•ืืชื ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” 2 ืžื˜ืจ,
01:57
maybe 10 feet on your tippy-toes,
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ืื•ืœื™ 3 ืžื˜ืจ ืขืœ ืงืฆื•ืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช,
01:59
with your arms above your head
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ืขื ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืžืขืœ ื”ืจืืฉ
02:00
holding a door,
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ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื™ื ื“ืœืช,
02:01
in hopes of distributing the pressure
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ื‘ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœืคื–ืจ ืืช ื”ืœื—ืฅ
ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืฉื˜ื— ืคื ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
02:03
across a larger surface area,
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02:04
but all you're doing is essentially moving
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืœื”ื–ื™ื–
02:06
the ground up by 10 feet.
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ืืช ื”ืื“ืžื” ืœื’ื•ื‘ื” 3 ืžื˜ืจ.
02:08
So, she's now falling from 290 feet,
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ืื–, ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืคืœืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื• 97 ืžื˜ืจ,
02:10
instead of 300 feet,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื 100 ืžื˜ืจ,
02:12
reaching the speed of 173 feet per second
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ื•ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืœืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช 53 ืžื˜ืจ ืœืฉื ื™ื”
02:14
just before impact,
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ืžืžืฉ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื”,
02:16
not counting air resistance.
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ืื ืœื ืžืชื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ.
02:18
It's the equivalent of crashing at 94 miles per hour
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ื–ื” ืฉื•ื•ื” ืขืจืš ืœื”ืชืจืกืงื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช 150 ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ ืœืฉืขื”
02:21
into a wall with a door in front of it.
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ืœืชื•ืš ืงื™ืจ ืขื ื“ืœืช ืœืคื ื™ื•.
02:27
The only thing that could save her is flying.
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืื•ืชื” ื”ื•ื ืชืขื•ืคื”.
02:30
But that power comes with its own host of scientific issues.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื— ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื ืขื ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืกื™ืงืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•.
02:34
If you could fly,
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ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื•ืฃ,
02:36
what you must do is fly up to her,
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ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ื” ืœืขื•ืฃ ืืœื™ื”,
02:38
start flying down at the speed she is falling,
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ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืขื•ืฃ ืœืžื˜ื” ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื•ืคืœืช,
02:40
hold on to her,
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ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืื•ืชื”,
02:42
then gradually slow down
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ื•ืื– ืœื”ืื˜ ื‘ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช
02:43
until you come to a complete stop.
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ืขื“ ืฉืืชื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืขืฆื™ืจื”.
02:48
This process requires a lot of cushion space
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ื›ืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื–ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืจื•ื•ื— ืชืื•ื˜ื”
02:50
between the point she starts falling and the ground.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ื”ืื“ืžื”.
02:53
Every second you waste
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ื›ืœ ืฉื ื™ื” ืฉืืชื ืžื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื™ื
02:54
on changing into your superhero costume
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ืขืœ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขืœ
02:56
and flying up to her height,
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ื•ืœืขื•ืฃ ืœืžืขืœื” ืืœื™ื”,
02:58
her head is getting that much closer to the pavement!
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ื”ืจืืฉ ืฉืœื” ืžืชืงืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžื“ืจื›ื”!
03:01
If she's falling from a high place,
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ืื ื”ื™ื ื ื•ืคืœืช ืžืžืงื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”,
03:02
and you can't get to her
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ื•ืืชื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื”
03:03
until she's only a few feet above the ground,
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ืขื“ ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ืžื” ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืžืขืœ ื”ืื“ืžื”,
03:05
there's really nothing you can do
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ืื™ืŸ ืžืžืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช
03:07
other than magically turn the pavement
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ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงืกื•ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืžื“ืจื›ื”
03:10
into marshmellow
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ืœืžืจืฉืžืœื•
03:11
to allow her enough time to slowly come to a stop.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ืœื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืขืฆื™ืจื”.
03:16
Then, break out the chocolate and graham crackers
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ืื–, ืชื•ืฆื™ืื• ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“ ื•ืงืจืงืจื™ ื’ืจื”ื
03:19
and you've got s'mores.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืกืžื•ืจืก.
03:21
Mmmm, delicious!
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ืžืžืž, ื˜ืขื™ื!
03:26
Now, which superpower physics lesson
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื™ื–ื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืขืœ
03:29
will you explore next?
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ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ืงื•ืจ?
03:31
Shifting body size and content,
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ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ,
03:35
super speed,
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ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ,
03:37
flight,
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ืชืขื•ืคื”,
03:39
super strength,
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ื›ื•ื— ืขืœ,
03:41
immortality,
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ื—ื™ ื ืฆื—,
03:44
and
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ื•
03:46
invisibility.
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ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื•ืช.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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