It's a church. It's a mosque. It's Hagia Sophia. - Kelly Wall

2,222,054 views ใƒป 2014-07-14

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Ido Dekkers ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Tal Dekkers
00:06
They say that if walls could talk, each building would have a story to tell,
0
6391
4361
ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืื ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืœืกืคืจ,
00:10
but few would tell so many fascinating stories in so many different voices
1
10752
5091
ืื‘ืœ ืžืขื˜ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžืจืชืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื
00:15
as the Hagia Sophia, or holy wisdom.
2
15843
3541
ื›ืžื• ื”ืื™ื™ื” ืกื•ืคื™ื”, ืื• ืชื‘ื•ื ื” ืงื“ื•ืฉื”.
00:19
Perched at the crossroads of continents and cultures,
3
19384
2431
ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืฆื•ืžืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื‘ืฉื•ืช ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช,
00:21
it has seen massive changes from the name of the city where it stands,
4
21815
3695
ื”ื™ื ืจืืชื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืฆื•ืžื™ื ืžืฉื ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื• ื”ื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ืช,
00:25
to its own structure and purpose.
5
25510
2480
ืœืžื‘ื ื” ื•ืœื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื”.
00:27
And today, the elements from each era stand
6
27990
2702
ื•ื”ื™ื•ื, ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืžื›ืœ ื“ื•ืจ ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื
00:30
ready to tell their tales to any visitor who will listen.
7
30692
3319
ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืกืคืจ ืืช ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืœื›ืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ืฉื™ืงืฉื™ื‘.
00:34
Even before you arrive at the Hagia Sophia, the ancient fortifications
8
34011
4392
ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืชื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื”ืื™ื™ื” ืกื•ืคื™ื”, ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื”ืขืชื™ืงื™ื
00:38
hint at the strategic importance of the surrounding city,
9
38403
2990
ืžืจืžื–ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ืžืงื™ืคื”,
00:41
founded as Byzantium by Greek colonists in 657 BCE.
10
41393
4964
ืฉื ื•ืกื“ื” ื›ื‘ื™ื–ื ื˜ื™ื•ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ 657 ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืกืคื™ืจื”.
00:46
And successfully renamed as Augusta Antonia, New Rome and Constantinople
11
46357
4454
ื•ืฉื™ื ืชื” ืืช ืฉืžื” ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืœืื’ื•ืกื˜ื” ืื ื˜ื•ื ื™ื”, ืจื•ืžื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ื•ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ื ื•ืคื•ืœ
00:50
as it was conquered, reconquered, destroyed and rebuilt
12
50811
3587
ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื›ื‘ืฉื”, ื ื›ื‘ืฉื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื•ืฉืžื“ื” ื•ื ื‘ื ืชื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ
00:54
by various Greek, Persian and Roman rulers over the following centuries.
13
54398
5342
ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื, ืคืจืกื™ื ื•ืจื•ืžืื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžืื•ืช.
00:59
And it was within these walls that the first Megale Ekklesia, or great church,
14
59740
4656
ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืฉื”ืžื’ืœื” ืืงืœืกื™ื”, ืื• ื”ื›ื ืกื™ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”,
01:04
was built in the fourth century.
15
64396
2098
ื ื‘ื ืชื” ื‘ืžืื” ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช.
01:06
Though it was soon burned to the ground in riots,
16
66494
2252
ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื ืฉืจืคื” ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื‘ืžื”ื•ืžื•ืช,
01:08
it established the location for the region's main religious structure
17
68746
3076
ื”ื™ื ืงื‘ืขื” ืืช ื”ืžื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ืœืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืช
01:11
for centuries to come.
18
71822
2141
ืœืžืฉืš ืžืื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื.
01:13
Near the entrance, the marble stones with reliefs
19
73963
2507
ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื›ื ื™ืกื”, ืื‘ื ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืฉ ืขื ืชื‘ืœื™ื˜ื™ื
01:16
are the last reminders of the second church.
20
76470
2657
ื”ื ื”ืžื–ื›ืจื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœื›ื ืกื™ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื”.
01:19
Built in 415 CE, it was destroyed during the Nika Riots of 532
21
79127
5179
ื ื‘ื ืชื” ื‘ 415 ืœืกืคื™ืจื”, ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืฉืžื“ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืžื”ื•ืžื•ืช ื ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ 532
01:24
when angry crowds at a chariot race
22
84306
2020
ื›ืฉืงื”ืœื™ื ื–ื•ืขืžื™ื ื‘ืžืจื•ืฅ ื›ืจื›ืจื•ืช
01:26
nearly overthrew the emperor, Justinian the First.
23
86326
3267
ื›ืžืขื˜ ื”ื“ื™ื—ื• ืืช ื”ืงื™ืกืจ, ื’'ื•ืกื˜ื ื™ืืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.
01:29
Having barely managed to retain power,
24
89593
2125
ื›ืฉื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืฉืชืœื˜ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”,
01:31
he resolved to rebuild the church on a grander scale,
25
91718
3341
ื”ื•ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื›ื ืกื™ื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
01:35
and five years later, the edifice you see before you was completed.
26
95059
4760
ื•ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื›ื ื”ื•ืฉืœื.
01:39
As you step inside, the stones of the foundation and walls
27
99819
3147
ื›ืฉืืชื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื, ื”ืื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืงื™ืจื•ืช
01:42
murmur tales from their homelands of Egypt and Syria,
28
102966
3607
ืžืœืžืœื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืžืืจืฆื•ืช ืžื•ืฆืืŸ ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื™ื ื•ืกื•ืจื™ื”,
01:46
while columns taken from the Temple of Artemis recall a more ancient past.
29
106573
5287
ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื ืœืงื—ื• ืžื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืืจื˜ืžื™ืก ื ื–ื›ืจื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืจื—ื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ.
01:51
Runic inscriptions carved by the Vikings of the emperor's elite guard
30
111860
3366
ื›ื™ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ืจื•ื ื™ื ื—ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืงื™ื ื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืžืจ ื”ืงื™ืกืจ
01:55
carry the lore of distant northern lands.
31
115226
2415
ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืืช ืชื”ื™ืœืช ืืจืฆื•ืช ืฆืคื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืจื—ื•ืงื•ืช.
01:57
But your attention is caught by the grand dome, representing the heavens.
32
117641
5055
ืื‘ืœ ืชืฉื•ืžืช ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœื›ื ื ืชืคืฉืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื›ื™ืคื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืฉืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ืืช ื”ืฉืžื™ื™ื.
02:02
Reaching over 50 meters high and over 30 meters in diameter
33
122696
4258
ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืœื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž 50 ืžื˜ืจ ื•ื‘ืงื•ื˜ืจ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž 30 ืžื˜ืจ
02:06
and ringed by windows around its base,
34
126954
2635
ื•ืžื•ืงืคืช ื‘ื—ืœื•ื ื•ืช ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœื‘ืกื™ืกื”,
02:09
the golden dome appears suspended from heaven,
35
129589
2759
ื”ื›ื™ืคื” ื”ืžื•ื–ื”ื‘ืช ื ืจืื™ืช ื›ืชืœื•ื™ื” ืžื”ืฉืžื™ื™ื,
02:12
light reflecting through its interior.
36
132348
2665
ืื•ืจ ืžื•ื—ื–ืจ ื“ืจืš ืคื ื™ื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื.
02:15
Beneath its grandiose symbolism, the sturdy reinforcing Corinthian columns,
37
135013
4240
ืžืชื—ืช ืœืกื™ืžื‘ื•ืœื™ื–ื ื”ื’ืจื ื“ื™ื•ื–ื™ ืฉืœื”, ื”ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืงื•ืจื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ื”ืžื—ื–ืงื™ื ื”ืงืฉื™ื—ื™ื,
02:19
brought from Lebanon after the original dome was partially destroyed
38
139253
3661
ืฉื”ื•ื‘ืื• ืžืœื‘ื ื•ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื›ื™ืคื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื”ื•ืฉืžื“ื” ื—ืœืงื™ืช
02:22
by an earthquake in 558 CE,
39
142914
2737
ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืจืขื™ื“ืช ืื“ืžื” ื‘ 558 ืœืกืคื™ืจื”,
02:25
quietly remind you of its fragility
40
145651
2040
ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืœื›ื ื‘ืฉืงื˜ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื
02:27
and the engineering skills such a marvel requires.
41
147691
3587
ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื ื“ืกื” ืฉื›ื–ื” ืคืœื ื“ืจืฉ.
02:31
If a picture is worth a thousand words,
42
151278
3059
ืื ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉื•ื•ื” ืืœืฃ ืžื™ืœื™ื,
02:34
the mosaics from the next several centuries have the most to say
43
154337
3079
ืœืžื•ื–ืื™ืงื•ืช ืžื”ืžืื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœื”ื’ื™ื“
02:37
not only about their Biblical themes,
44
157416
2474
ืœื ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืชื ื›ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ,
02:39
but also the Byzantine emperors who commissioned them,
45
159890
3074
ืืœื ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืกืจื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื–ื ื˜ื™ื ืฉื”ื–ืžื™ื ื• ืื•ืชืŸ,
02:42
often depicted along with Christ.
46
162964
2474
ืฉื”ื•ื–ื›ืจื• ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฉื•.
02:45
But beneath their loud and clear voices,
47
165438
2043
ืื‘ืœ ืžืชื—ืช ืœืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืจืžื™ื ื•ื”ืฆืœื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื”ื,
02:47
one hears the haunting echoes of the damaged and missing mosaics and icons,
48
167481
4364
ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื“ื™ื ื”ืจื•ื“ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื–ืื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืคื’ื•ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ืกืจื•ืช,
02:51
desecrated and looted during the Latin Occupation in the Fourth Crusade.
49
171845
4286
ืฉื—ื•ืœืœื• ื•ื ื‘ื–ื–ื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ ื‘ืžืกืข ื”ืฆืœื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™.
02:56
Within the floor, the tomb inscription of Enrico Dandolo,
50
176131
3802
ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืจืฆืคื”, ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืงื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืื ืจื™ืงื• ื“ื•ื ื“ื•ืœื•,
02:59
the Venetian ruler who commanded the campaign,
51
179933
2449
ืฉืœื™ื˜ ื•ื ืฆื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืข,
03:02
is a stark reminder of those 57 years that Hagia Sophia spent as a Roman Catholic church
52
182382
5727
ื”ื™ื ืชื–ื›ื•ืจืช ื‘ื•ื˜ื” ืœ57 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื”ืื™ื™ื” ืกื•ืคื™ื” ื‘ื™ืœืชื” ื›ื›ื ืกื™ื” ืจื•ืžื™ืช ืงืชื•ืœื™ืช
03:08
before returning to its orthodox roots upon the Byzantine Reconquest.
53
188109
4900
ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื—ื–ืจื” ืืœ ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื” ื”ืื•ืจืชื•ื“ื•ืงืกื™ื ืขื ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื–ื ื˜ื™ื.
03:13
But it would not remain a church for long.
54
193009
2218
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ืœื ืชื™ืฉืืจ ื›ื ืกื™ื” ืœื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘.
03:15
Weakened by the Crusades, Constantinople fell to the Ottomans in 1453
55
195227
4646
ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื—ืœืฉื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืกืขื•ืช ื”ืฆืœื‘ ืงื•ื ืกื˜ื ื˜ื™ื ื•ืคื•ืœ ื ืคืœื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ืชื•ืžื ื™ื ื‘ 1453
03:19
and would be known as Istanbul thereafter.
56
199873
2579
ื•ื ื•ื“ืขื” ื›ืื™ืกื˜ื ื‘ื•ืœ ืžืื–.
03:22
After allowing his soldiers three days of pillage,
57
202452
2376
ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื–ื”,
03:24
Sultan Mehmed the Second entered the building.
58
204828
2646
ื”ืกื•ืœื˜ืืŸ ืžื—ืžื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื ื›ื ืก ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ.
03:27
Though heavily damaged, its grandeur was not lost
59
207474
3105
ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื–ื•ืง ืงืฉื•ืช, ื”ืคืืจ ืฉืœื• ืœื ืื‘ื“
03:30
on the young sultan who immediately rededicated it to Allah,
60
210579
3287
ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืกื•ืœื˜ืืŸ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ืฉืžื™ื“ ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืื•ืชื• ืœืืœืœื”,
03:33
proclaiming that it would be the new imperial mosque.
61
213866
3460
ื•ืงื‘ืข ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžืกื’ื“ ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืชื™ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ.
03:37
The four minarets built over the next century
62
217326
2136
ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆืจื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื ื• ื‘ืžืื” ื”ื‘ืื”
03:39
are the most obvious sign of this era,
63
219462
2109
ื”ื ื”ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ืœืชืงื•ืคื”,
03:41
serving as architectural supports in addition to their religious purpose.
64
221571
4098
ื•ืฉื™ืžืฉื• ื›ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื”ื ื“ืกื™ืช ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืžื˜ืจื” ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
03:45
But there are many others.
65
225669
1459
ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื—ืจื™ื.
03:47
Ornate candle holders relate Suleiman's conquest of Hungary,
66
227128
3622
ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื™ ื ืจื•ืช ืžืงื•ืฉื˜ื™ื ืฉืžืงื•ืฉืจื™ื ืœื›ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื’ืจื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืกื•ืœื™ืžืŸ,
03:50
while giant caligraphy discs hung from the ceiling
67
230750
2533
ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื“ื™ืกืงื™ ืงืœื™ื’ืจืคื™ื” ืขื ืงื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ืžื”ืชืงืจื”
03:53
remind visitors for the first four caliphs who followed Muhammad.
68
233283
4342
ื•ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืœืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืืช ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ื›ืœื™ืคื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ืื• ืื—ืจื™ ืžื•ื—ืžื“.
03:57
Though the building you see today still looks like a mosque, it is now a museum,
69
237625
5041
ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• ืžืกื’ื“, ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื•ื ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ,
04:02
a decision made in 1935 by Kemal Ataturk,
70
242666
4032
ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืฉื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ 1935 ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืžืืœ ืืชืื˜ื•ืจืง,
04:06
the modernizing first president of Turkey
71
246698
2100
ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื›ื™ื”
04:08
following the Ottoman Empire's collapse.
72
248798
2810
ืื—ืจื™ ื ืคื™ืœืช ื”ืื™ืžืคืจื™ื” ื”ืขื•ืชื•ืžืื ื™ืช.
04:11
It was this secularization that allowed for removal
73
251608
3550
ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืฉืืคืฉืจื” ืืช ื”ื”ืกืจื”
04:15
of the carpets hiding the marble floor decorations
74
255158
2705
ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื”ืกืชื™ืจื• ืืช ืขื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ ืจืฆืคืช ื”ืฉื™ืฉ
04:17
and the plaster covering the Christian mosaics.
75
257863
2776
ื•ื”ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื›ื™ืกื” ืืช ื”ืžื•ื–ืื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื•ืช.
04:20
Ongoing restoration work has allowed the multiplicity of voices
76
260639
3975
ืฉื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžืชืžื™ื“ ืื™ืคืฉืจ ืœืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื”ืงื•ืœื•ืช
04:24
in Hagia Sophia's long history
77
264614
1876
ื‘ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืืจื•ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ื™ื” ืกื•ืคื™ื”
04:26
to be heard again after centuries of silence.
78
266490
2846
ืœื”ืฉืžืข ืฉื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ืžืื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืชื™ืงื”.
04:29
But conflict remains.
79
269336
1735
ืื‘ืœ ื”ืงื•ื ืคืœื™ืงื˜ ื ืฉืืจ.
04:31
Hidden mosaics cry out from beneath Islamic calligraphy,
80
271071
3400
ืžื•ื–ืื™ืงื•ืช ื—ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื•ื›ื•ืช ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ืงืœื™ื’ืจืคื™ื” ืื™ืกืœืืžื™ืช,
04:34
valuable pieces of history that cannot be uncovered without destroying others.
81
274471
4495
ืคื™ืกื•ืช ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืจื‘ื•ืช ืขืจืš ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื—ืฉืฃ ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืจื•ืก ืื—ืจื•ืช,
04:38
Meanwhile, calls sound from both Muslim and Christian communities
82
278966
3687
ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื, ืงืจื™ืื•ืช ื ืฉืžืขื•ืช ื’ื ืžืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื ื•ืฆืจื™ื•ืช
04:42
to return the building to its former religious purposes.
83
282653
3277
ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืžื˜ืจื” ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืœื•.
04:45
The story of the divine wisdom may be far from over,
84
285930
3273
ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื” ื”ืืœื•ื”ื™ืช ืื•ืœื™ ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืœื”ืกืชื™ื™ื,
04:49
but one can only hope that the many voices residing there
85
289203
3421
ืื‘ืœ ืืคืฉืจ ืจืง ืœืงื•ื•ืช ืฉื”ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื
04:52
will be able to tell their part for years to come.
86
292624
3080
ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืกืคืจ ืืช ื”ื—ืœืง ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7