Is it bad to hold your pee? - Heba Shaheed

Je li loše trpjeti ako vas tjera piškiti - Heba Shaheed

Prevoditelj: Ivan Stamenković Recezent: Senzos Osijek

It begins with a bit of discomfort

Počinje sa malo neugode

and soon becomes a pressing sensation that's impossible to ignore.

i uskoro postaje pritisak koji je nemoguće ignorirati.

Finally, it's all you can think about,

Na kraju, samo na to možete misliti,

and out of sheer desperation,

i iz čistog očaja,

you go on a hunt for a bathroom until "ahh."

idete u lov na toalet dok ne bude "ahh."

Humans should urinate at least four to six times a day,

Ljudi bi trebali mokriti bar četiri do šest puta dnevno,

but occasionally, the pressures of modern life forces us to clench and hold it in.

ali ponekad, pritisak modernog života nas tjera da trpimo i zadržavamo.

How bad is this habit, and how long can our bodies withstand it?

Koliko je ova navika loša, i koliko dugo to naša tijela mogu izdržati?

The answers lie in the workings of the bladder,

Odgovori leže u karakteristikama mjehura,

an oval pouch that sits inside the pelvis.

ovalne vrećice koja se nalazi u zdjelici.

Surrounding this structure are several other organs

Drugi organi okružuju ovu strukturu

that together make up the whole urinary system.

koja zajedno čini cijeli mokraćni sustav.

Two kidneys,

Dva bubrega,

two ureters,

dva mokraćovoda,

two urethral sphincters,

dva sfinktera mokraćne cijevi,

and a urethra.

i mokraćna cijev.

Constantly trickling down from the kidneys is the yellowish liquid known as urine.

Stalno kapajući iz bubrega je žućkasta tekućina znana kao mokraća.

The kidneys make urine from a mix of water and the body's waste products,

Bubrezi rade mokraću iz mješavine vode i otpadnih tvari u tijelu,

funneling the unwanted fluid into two muscular tubes called ureters.

usmjeravajući neželjenu tekućinu u dvije mišićne cijevi, mokraćovode.

These carry it downward into the hollow organ known as the bladder.

One ih nose dolje u šuplji organ, znan kao mokraćni mjehur.

This organ's muscular wall is made of tissue called detrusor muscle

Mišićni zid ovog organa načinjen je od tkiva nazvanog detruzor

which relaxes as the bladder fills allowing it to inflate like a balloon.

koji se opušta kako se mjehur puni dozvoljavajući da se napuše poput balona.

As the bladder gets full, the detrusor contracts.

Kada se mjehur napuni, detruzor se skuplja.

The internal urethral sphincter automatically and involuntarily opens,

Unutarnji sfinkter mokraćne cijevi se automatski otvara,

and the urine is released.

i mokraća se ispušta.

Whooshing downwards, the fluid enters the urethra

Krećući se prema dolje, tekućina ulazi u mokraćnu cijev

and stops short at the external urethral sphincter.

i staje na vanjskom sfinkteru mokraćne cijevi.

This works like a tap.

Ovo radi kao slavina.

When you want to delay urinating, you keep the sphincter closed.

Kada želite odgoditi mokrenje držite sfinkter zatvoren.

When you want to release it, you can voluntarily open the flood gates.

Kada ga želite otpustiti, to možete svojevoljno učiniti.

But how do you sense your bladder's fullness

Ali kako osjećate da je mjehur pun

so you know when to pee?

tako da znate kada piškiti?

Inside the layers of detrusor muscles are millions of stretch receptors

U slojevima detruzora su milijuni receptora rastezanja

that get triggered as the bladder fills.

koji se aktiviraju kako se puni mjehur.

They send signals along your nerves to the sacral region in your spinal cord.

Oni šalju signale živcima do sakralne regije u vašoj leđnoj moždini.

A reflex signal travels back to your bladder,

Refleksni signal putuje do vašeg mjehura,

making the detrusor muscle contract slightly

tjerajući detruzore da se malo skupe,

and increasing the bladder's pressure so you're aware that it's filling up.

i povećavajući pritisak mjehura tako da znate da se puni.

Simultaneously, the internal urethral sphincter opens.

U isto vrijeme, unutarnji sfinkter mokraćne cijevi se otvara.

This is called the micturition reflex.

Ovo se zove refleks mokrenja.

The brain can counter it if it's not a good time to urinate

Mozak mu se može suprostaviti ako nije vrijeme za mokrenje

by sending another signal to contract the external urethral sphincter.

odašiljući drugi signlal za skupljanje vanjskog sfinktera mokraćne cijevi.

With about 150 to 200 milliliters of urine inside of it,

S otprilike 150 do 200 mililitara mokraće u sebi,

the bladder's muscular wall is stretched enough

mišićni zid mjehura se dovoljno širi

for you to sense that there's urine within.

da osjetite da ima mokraće u njemu.

At about 400 to 500 milliliters, the pressure becomes uncomfortable.

S otprilike 400 do 500 mililitara pritisak postaje neugodan.

The bladder can go on stretching, but only to a point.

Mjehur se može širiti do određene točke.

Above 1,000 milliliters, it may burst.

Preko 1000 mililitara može i pući.

Most people would lose bladder control before this happens,

Većina ljudi bi izgubila kontrolu prije nego se to dogodi,

but in very rare cases,

ali u rijetkim slučajevima,

such as when as a person can't sense the need to urinate,

kao kada osoba ne osjeti da mora mokriti

the pouch can rupture painfully requiring surgery to fix.

vrećica može pući tako da je potrebna operacija za popravak.

But under normal circumstances,

Ali u normalnim okolnostima,

your decision to urinate stops the brain's signal to the external urethral sphincter,

vaša odluka da mokrite zaustavlja signal mozga vanjskom sfinkteru

causing it to relax and the bladder to empty.

uzrokujući da se opusti i mjehuru da se isprazni.

The external urethral sphincter is one of the muscles of the pelvic floor,

Vanjski sfinkter mokraćne cijevi je jedan od mišića dna zdjelice,

and it provides support to the urethra and bladder neck.

i daje podršku mokraćnoj cijevi i vratu mjehura.

It's lucky we have these pelvic floor muscles

Srećom imamo te miišiće

because placing pressure on the system by coughing,

jer izazivanjem pritiska kašljanjem,

sneezing,

kihanjem,

laughing,

smijehom,

or jumping could cause bladder leakage.

ili skakanjem, mogli bi izazvati curenje iz mjehura.

Instead, the pelvic floor muscles keep the region sealed

Umjesto toga, mišići zdjelice drže regiju zapečaćenom

until you're ready to go.

dok ne trebate ići.

But holding it in for too long,

Ali ako predugo zadržavate,

forcing out your urine too fast,

izbacujete mokraću prebrzo,

or urinating without proper physical support

ili mokrite bez potpore mišića,

may over time weaken or overwork that muscular sling.

može kroz vrijeme oslabiti tu mišićnu praćku.

That can lead to an overactive pelvic floor,

To može dovesti preaktivnih zdjeličnih mišića,

bladder pain,

boli u mjehuru,

urgency,

hitnog mokrenja,

or urinary incontinence.

ili inkontinencije.

So in the interest of long-term health,

U interesu dugoročnog zdravlja,

it's not a great habit to hold your pee.

nije dobra navika zadržavati mokraću.

But in the short term, at least, your body and brain have got you covered,

Ali kratkoročno, barem, mozak i tijelo vas štite

so you can conveniently choose your moment of sweet release.

tako da možete birati kada ćete se olakšati.