Deep ocean mysteries and wonders - David Gallo

Misterije i čuda dubokih oceana - David Gallo

Prevoditelj: Ivan Stamenković Recezent: Senzos Osijek

You know, I had a real rough time in school with ADD,

Bilo mi je jako teško u školi s poremećajem pozornosti,

and I have a PhD.

i imam doktorat.

I earned a PhD, but ... tough to pay attention --

Zaradio sam doktorat, no bilo mi je teško obratiti pažnju na

biology, geology, physics, chemistry -- really tough for me.

biologiju, geologiju, fiziku, kemiju -- stvarno teško za mene.

Only one thing grabbed my attention,

Samo jedna stvar je uhvatila moju pozornost.

and it's that planet called Earth.

I to je onaj planet koji se zove Zemlja,

But in this picture here, you'll see that Earth is mostly water.

ali na ovoj slici ovdje vidjet ćete

da je Zemlja većinom voda -- ovo je Tihi ocean.

That's the Pacific.

Seventy percent of Earth is covered with water.

70 posto Zemlje pokriveno je vodom i možete reći,

You can say, "Hey, I know Earth. I live here."

"Hej poznajem Zemlju, živim ondje."

You don't know Earth.

Ne poznajete Zemlju.

You don't know this planet, because most of it's covered with that --

Ne poznajete ovaj planet jer je većina njega pokrivena s tim --

average depth, two miles.

prosječne dubine 2 milje.

And when you go outside

I kad izađete van i pogledate

and look up at the Empire State Building, Chrysler Building,

u Empire State building, Chrysler zgradu,

the average depth of the ocean is 15 of those on top of one another.

prosječna dubina oceana je 15 njih

postavljenih jedan na drugi.

We've explored about five percent of what's in that water.

Istražili smo otprilike 5 posto onoga što je u toj vodi.

"Explored," meaning, for the first time, go peek and see what's there.

"Istražili" znači prvi put zavirili i vidjeli što je tamo.

Ono što želim danas učiniti je pokazati vam

So what I want to do today is show you some things

about this planet, about the oceans.

neke stvari o ovom planetu, o oceanima.

I want to take you from shallow water down to the deep water,

Želim vas povesti iz plićaka u neke dublje vode,

and hopefully, like me, you'll see some things

i nadam se, da ćete kao i ja, vidjeti neke stvari

koje će vas navući na to da istražujete planet Zemlju.

that get you hooked on exploring planet Earth.

Znate stvari kao što su koralji, vidjeli ste puno koralja,

You know things like corals; you've seen plenty of corals,

vi koji ste bili na plaži, ronili,

those of you who've been to the beach, snorkeling,

znate da su koralji divna mjesta za posjetiti --

know corals are an amazing place to go -- full of life,

puni života, velikih životinja, malih životinja, nekih lijepih,

some big animals, small animals, some nice, some dangerous,

nekih opasnih, morskih pasa, kitova, takvih stvari.

sharks, whales, all that stuff.

They need to be protected from humanity.

Oni moraju biti zaštićeni od čovječanstva.

To su divna mjesta, ali ono o čemu vjerojatno ne znate ništa

They're great places.

But what you probably don't know is in the very deep part of the ocean,

je u dubokom oceanu, vrlo dubokom dijelu oceana,

we have volcanic eruptions.

gdje imamo vulkanske erupcije.

Most volcanoes on Earth are at the bottom of the sea --

Većina vulkana na Zemlji je na dnu mora --

više od 80 posto -- i mi zapravo imamo vatru,

more than 80 percent.

And we actually have fire,

vatru duboko u oceanu, koja trenutno gori.

fire deep inside the ocean, going on right now.

All over the world -- in the Pacific, the Atlantic, the Indian Ocean.

Posvuda u svijetu, u Tihom, Atlantskom, Indijskom Oceanu,

na ovom mjestu, dnu mora, kamen se zapravo pretvara u tekućinu.

In this place, the ocean floor, the rocks actually turn to liquid.

Tako da zapravo imate ove valove na morskom dnu.

So you actually have waves on the ocean floor.

You'd say nothing could live there, but when we look in detail,

Rekli biste da ništa ne može tamo živjeti, ali kad pogledamo detaljnije,

čak i tamo, čak i na najdubljim, najtamnijim mjestima na Zemlji, nalazimo život,

even there, in the deepest, darkest places on Earth, we find life,

which tells us that life really wants to happen.

što nam govori da se život zaista želi dogoditi.

So, pretty amazing stuff.

Dakle, poprilično zadivljujuće stvari.

Every time we go to the bottom of the sea,

Svaki put kad odemo na dno mora,

we explore with our submarines, with our robots,

istražujemo s našim podmornicama, s našim robotima,

vidimo nešto što je često iznenađujuće,

we see something that's usually surprising,

sometimes it's startling and sometimes revolutionary.

ponekad je zastrašujuće i ponekad revolucionarno.

You see that puddle of water sitting there.

Vidite onu lokvu vode kako tamo stoji.

And all around the water there's a little cliff,

I svugdje oko te vode nalazi se mala litica,

there's a little white sandy beach.

mala pješčana plaža.

We'll get closer, you'll see the beach a little bit better,

Približit ćemo se malo. Vidjet ćete plažu malo bolje,

some of the waves in that water, down there.

neke od valova u toj vodi, tamo dolje.

The thing that's special about this water

Ono što je posebno kod ove vode je

is that it's at the bottom of the Gulf of Mexico.

da je ta voda na dnu Meksičkog zaljeva.

So you're sitting inside a submarine,

Sjedite u svojoj podmornici i gledate kroz prozor

looking out the window at a little pond of water beneath the sea.

u malo jezerce vode ispod mora.

We see ponds, we see lakes, we see rivers --

Znate, vidimo jezerca, jezera, rijeke --

in fact, right here is a river at the bottom of the ocean

zapravo ovdje je rijeka na dnu oceana

going from the lower left to the upper right.

koja ide od donjeg lijevog kuta do gornjeg desnog.

Water is actually flowing through there.

Voda zapravo teče ondje.

This totally blew our minds.

Ovo nas je zaista raspametilo: kako se ovo može događati na dnu?

How can you have this at the bottom?

You're in the ocean looking at more water.

Nalazite se u oceanu i gledate još vode.

And there's animals that only live in that water.

I postoje životinje koje žive samo u toj vodi.

So, the bottom of the ocean --

Dakle, dno oceana --

I love this map, because it shows in the middle of the ocean,

obožavam ovu kartu zato što pokazuje da se u sred oceana nalazi planinski lanac.

there's a mountain range.

Taj planinski lanac je najveći planinski lanac na Zemlji.

It's the greatest mountain range on Earth, called the mid-ocean ridge --

Zove se Srednje-Oceanski Greben --

50,000 miles long, and we've hardly had a peek at it.

50 000 milja dug, i mi smo ga jedva pogledali.

Hardly had a peek at it.

Jedva pogledali.

We find valleys, many thousands of valleys,

Nalazimo doline, tisuće dolina

larger, wider, deeper than the Grand Canyon.

većih, širih, dubljih od Grand Canyona.

We find, as I said, underwater lakes, rivers, waterfalls.

Nalazimo, kako sam rekao, podzemna jezera, rijeke, vodopade.

The largest waterfall on the planet

Najveći vodopad na planeti

is actually under the ocean, up near Iceland.

zapravo je ispod oceana blizu Islanda.

All that stuff is in that five percent that we've explored.

Sve te stvari u pet posto istraženog područja.

Dakle, stvar s oceanom je

So the deal about the ocean is that to explore it,

you've got to have technology.

da bi ga istražili, trebamo tehologiju.

Not only technology, but it's not just Dave Gallo

Ne samo tehnologiju, ne samo da Dave Gallo

or one person exploring, it's a team of people.

ili jedna osoba istražuju. To je tim ljudi.

You've got to have the talent, the team.

Morate imati talent. Morate imati tim.

You've got to have the technology.

Morate imati tehnologiju i u ovom slučaju to je naš brod, Atlantida,

In this case, it's our ship, Atlantis, and the submarine, Alvin.

i podmornica, Alvin.

Inside that submarine -- this is an Alvin launch --

Sad, u podmornici -- ovo je lansiranje Alvina --

there's three people.

je troje ljudi. Njih se izvozi na palubu.

They're being wheeled out onto deck.

There's 47 other people,

Postoji još 47 ljudi. Tim koji radi na tom brodu

the teamwork on that ship, making sure that these people are okay.

kako bi bili sigurni da su ovi ljudi dobro.

Everybody in that submarine is thinking one thing right now:

Svi na toj podmornici sada misle jednu stvar:

Should I have gone to the bathroom one more time?

jesam li trebao otići na zahod još jednom?

Because you're in there for 10 hours --

Jer tamo ste deset sati --

10 hours in that little sphere.

deset sati u toj maloj sferi.

Vas troje ste skupa i nitko neće biti pokraj vas.

Three of you together and nobody is going to be around you.

You go into the water and once you hit the water, it's amazing.

Idete u vodu i kada ju dotaknete to je odlično.

There's a lovely color blue that penetrates right inside you.

Postoji divna nijansa plave koja se probija u vas.

You don't hear the surface ship anymore,

Ne čujete brod na površini više,

you hear that pinging of a sonar.

čujete samo zvuk sonara.

If you've got an iPhone you've got sonar on there --

Ako imate iPhone, na njemu imate sonar --

to je isti zvuk koji ide prema dnu i onda dolazi gore.

it's that same pinging that goes down to the bottom and comes back up.

Ronioci provjeravaju podmornicu kako bi bili sigurni da je izvana sve u redu,

Divers check out the sub to make sure the outside is okay,

and then they say "Go,"

i onda kažu "Krenite",

and down you go to the bottom of the ocean and it's an amazing trip.

i idete dolje na dno oceana i to je zaista zadivljujuć put.

So for two and a half hours, you sink down to the bottom.

Dva i pol sata tonete na dno.

And two hours of it is totally pitch black.

I dva sata okruženi ste potpunim mrakom.

We thought that nothing could live inside that world

I mislili smo kako ništa ne može živjeti unutar tog svijeta

na dnu oceana.

at the bottom of the ocean.

And when we look, we find some amazing things.

I kada pogledamo, nalazimo neke zadivljujuće stvari.

All the way down -- we call it the mid-water --

Skroz dolje -- zovemo to "srednja-voda" od vrha

from the top of the ocean down to the bottom, we find life.

oceana do dna -- pronalazimo život.

Whenever we stop and look, we find life.

Kad god stanemo i pogledamo pronađemo život.

I'm going to show you some jellies.

Pokazat ću vam neke meduze ovdje jer

one su definitivno jedna od najboljih bića na Zemlji.

They're absolutely some of the coolest creatures on Earth.

Look at that thing, just flailing his arms around.

Pogledajte tu stvar kako maše rukama.

That's like a little lobster.

To je kao mali jastog.

That one is like all these animals with their mouths hooked together,

Ovaj je kao sve životinje sa povezanim ustima.

To su kolonijalne životinje.

the colonial animals.

Some animals are tiny, some can be longer than this stage.

Neke životinje su sićušne, neke mogu biti duže od ove pozornice.

Zaista zadivljujuće životinje i možete ih skupiti mrežom.

Just amazing animals.

And you can't collect them with a net --

Moramo ići tamo s našim kamerama i gledati ih.

we have to go with our cameras and take a look at them.

So every time we go, new species of life.

Svaki put kada idemo, nove vrste života.

The ocean is full of life.

Ocean je pun života.

And yet the deepest part of the ocean --

A ipak najdublji dio oceana --

when we go to that mountain range, we find hot springs.

kad odemo do tog planinskog lanca, nađemo izvore tople vode.

Bili smo sigurni, jer to su otrovne vode,

Now we were sure -- because this is poisonous water,

because it's so deep it would crush the Titanic

jer je tako duboko da bi moglo zdrobiti Titanic

the same way you crush an empty cup in your hand --

isto kao što biste vi zdrobili čašu u svojoj ruci.

we were sure there would be no life there at all.

Bili smo sigurni da tamo neće biti nikakvog života.

Instead, we find more life and diversity and density

Umjesto toga našli smo više života i raznolikosti i gustoće

than in the tropical rainforest.

nego u tropskoj prašumi.

So, in one instance, in one peek out the window of the sub,

Dakle, u jednoj instanci, u jednom virenju kroz prozor podmornice,

we discover something

otkrili smo nešto što revolucionizira način

that revolutionizes the way we think about life on Earth;

na koji razmišljamo o životu na Zemlji, i to je

and that is, you don't always have to have sunlight

da ne morate uvijek imati sunčevu svjetlost da pokrenete život.

to get life going.

There's big animals down there too, some that look familiar.

Postoje i velike životinje tamo dolje -- neke koje izgledaju poznato.

Ovaj momak zove se Dumbo. Volim ga. Dumbo je divan.

That guy's called Dumbo. I love him. Dumbo's great.

This guy -- oh man, I wish I had more footage of this.

Ovaj momak, o čovječe volio bih da imam više snimki ovoga.

We're trying to get an expedition together to go look at this

Pokušavamo organizirati ekspediciju da pogledamo ovo

and maybe in a year we'll have that.

i možda ćemo to moći za godinu dana.

Go online and look.

Idite online i pogledajte.

Vampyroteuthis infernalis. The vampire squid.

Vampyroteuthisinfornalis. Vampirska lignja.

Incredibly cool.

Nevjerojatno cool.

In the darkness of the deep sea, he's got glowing tentacles,

U tami dubokog oceana on ima svjetleće krakove,

so if I'm coming at you like him, I put my arms out in the darkness

tako da ako vam prilazim kao on, pružam ruke u tamu

i sve što vidite su ove male svjetleće stvari ovdje.

so all you see are little glowing things over here.

Meanwhile, I'm coming at you.

U međuvremenu, ja idem prema vama.

When he wants to escape,

Kada želi pobjeći, ima ove svjetleće ljuske

he's got these glowing pods on his butt that look like eyes.

na stražnjici koje izgledaju kao oči.

Glowing eyes on his butt. How cool is that?

Ima svjetleće oči na stražnjici. Koliko je to cool?

Just an amazing animal.

To je zadivljujuća, zadivljujuća životinja. (Smijeh)

(Laughter)

"Vampire" squid, because when it gets protective,

Vampirska lignja, kada se ponaša zaštitnički,

it pulls this black cape over its whole body,

navlači crni plašt preko cijelog tijela,

and curls up into a ball.

smota se u loptu. Nečuvena životinja.

Outrageous animal.

This ship, "The Ship of Dreams" --

Ovaj brod, "brod snova" -- prije sto godina

a hundred years ago this coming April,

u ovom travnju, ovaj brod trebao se pojaviti u New Yorku.

this ship was supposed to show up in New York.

It's the Titanic.

To je Titanic i vodio sam ekspediciju ondje prošle godine.

I co-led an expedition out there last year.

Učimo tako puno o tom brodu.

We are learning so much about that ship.

The Titanic is an interesting place for biology,

Titanic je interesantno mjesto za biologiju

because animals are moving in to live on the Titanic.

jer životinje se useljavaju kako bi živjele na Titanicu.

Microbes are actually eating the hull of the Titanic.

Mikrobi zapravo jedu trup Titanica.

That's where Jack was king of the world there on the bow of the Titanic.

Ondje je Jack bio kralj svijeta na krmi Titanica.

Dakle, napredujemo jako dobro i ono što me uzbuđuje je

So we're doing real good.

And what's exciting to me is that we're making a virtual Titanic,

da ćemo jednog dana napraviti virtualni Titanic tako da možete sjediti kod kuće

so you can sit there at home with your joystick and your headset on,

sa vašim joystickom i slušalicama

and you can actually explore the Titanic for yourself.

i sami istraživati Titanic.

That's what we want to do, make these virtual worlds,

To je ono što želimo učiniti --

napraviti virtualne svjetove tako da nije Dave Gallo

so it's not Dave Gallo or someone else exploring the world; it's you.

ili netko drugi tko istražuje taj svijet, to ste vi.

You explore it for yourself.

Sami istražujete.

So here's the bottom line:

Dakle, ovo je poanta.

The oceans are unexplored

Oceani su neistraženi

and I can't begin to tell you how important that is,

i ne mogu vam početi pričati kako je to važno

because they're important to us.

jer su oni važni za nas.

Seven billion people live on this planet

Sedam milijardi ljudi živi na ovom planetu

and all of us are impacted by the sea,

i svi mi smo pod utjecajem mora jer oceani

because the oceans control the air you breathe, the water you drink,

kontroliraju zrak koji dišete, vodu koju pijete,

the food you eat.

hranu koju jedete.

All those are controlled in some way by the ocean,

Sve je to na neki način kontrolirano od oceana

i ovo je stvar koju nismo uopće istražili --

and this is a thing that we haven't even explored --

five percent.

pet posto.

The thing I want to leave you with is,

Želim vas ostaviti s mišlju

in that five percent, I showed you some cool stuff.

da u tih pet posto sam vam pokazao neke cool stvari.

There's a lot more cool stuff --

Postoji još više cool stvari svaki put kad zaronimo

every dive we go on in the ocean, we find something new about the sea.

u ocean, nalazimo nešto novo o moru.

So what's in that other 95 percent?

Što je u tih 95 posto?

Did we get the exciting stuff or is there more out there?

Jesmo li pronašli uzbudljive stvari ili ima više toga tamo?

And I'm here to tell you that the ocean is full of surprises.

I ovdje sam da bih vam rekao kako je ocean pun iznenađenja.

There's a quote I love by Marcel Proust:

Postoji citat Marcela Prousta koji volim:

"The true voyage of exploration is not so much in seeking new landscapes,"

"Pravo putovanje istraživanja nije toliko u traženju novih pejzaža,"

which we do,

što činimo,

"nego imati nove oči."

"but in having new eyes."

And so I hope today, by showing you some of this,

I zato se nadam da sam danas pokazujući vam ovo,

it's given you some new eyes about this planet,

dao vam nove poglede na planet,

i prvi put želim da o njemu mislite drugačije.

and for the first time, I want you to think about it differently.

Hvala vam puno. Hvala vam.

Thank you very much. Thank you.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)