Peter Gabriel: Fighting injustice with a videocamera

譯者: Marie Wu 審譯者: Wang-Ju Tsai

I love trees, and I'm very lucky,

我喜歡樹，而我很幸運，

because we live near a wonderful arboretum,

因為我們住在一個很棒的植物園附近，

and Sundays, usually, I'd go there with my wife

通常在星期天的時候，我會和我太太到那裡走走，

and now, with my four-year-old,

現在則是和我四歲的小孩去那裡，

and we'd climb in the trees, we'd play hide and seek.

我們會爬上樹梢，或是在樹林裡玩躲迷藏。

The second school I was at had big trees too,

我讀的第二所學校也有很雄偉的樹，

had a fantastic tulip tree, I think it was the biggest in the country,

有一株很美的鵝掌楸，我想大概是全國最大的吧...

and it also had a lot of wonderful bushes and vegetation

還有很棒的灌木叢和一些花草樹木，

around it, around the playing fields.

就在遊戲區附近。

One day I was grabbed by some of my classmates,

有一天，我被幾個同學捉住，

and taken in the bushes -- I was stripped; I was attacked;

他們把我帶進灌木叢裡，扒掉我的衣服打我，

I was abused; and this came out of the blue.

我被毒打一頓，後來還造成了憂鬱症。

Now, the reason I say that, because, afterwards, I was thinking --

我現在說出來的原因是，我認為，經過了這些事--

well, I went back into the school -- I felt dirty; I felt betrayed;

嗯，後來我回到學校，我覺得自己很骯髒、被人背叛了，

I felt ashamed, but mainly -- mainly, I felt powerless.

我也覺得很羞恥，但是主要還是無力感。

And 30 years later I was sitting in an airplane,

三十年之後，我在搭乘一架飛機的時候，

next to a lady called Veronica, who came from Chile,

隔壁坐了一位來自智利的女士，她叫做薇若妮卡，

and we were on a human rights tour,

我們一同參與某個人權團體行程，

and she was starting to tell me what it was like to be tortured,

她告訴我被人虐待的感覺是什麼，

and, from my very privileged position,

而我剛好有那個獨特的經驗，

this was the only reference point that I had.

於是我便和她分享我那唯一的經驗。

And it was an amazing learning experience

那真是一次很棒的學習經驗，

because, for me, human rights have been something in which I had,

因為對我來說，人權只不過是我個人

you know, a part-time interest, but, mainly,

休閒時的興趣，但是對其他人來說，

it was something that happened to other people over there.

卻是真實的發生在自己身上的事。

But I got a phone call from Bono in 1985 and, as you know,

我在1985年時接到波諾(Bono)的電話，

he's a great singer, but he's a magnificent hustler, and --

大家都知道他是很棒的歌手，但我覺得他嘴上功夫也很好--

(Laughter) --

(笑聲)

a very hard guy to say no to, and he was saying,

你很難拒絕這個人，他總有他的說法。

you know, just after I'd done the Biko song,

就在我完成Biko(南非人權運動者)的紀念專輯後，

we're going to do a tour for Amnesty,

他們正要為國際特赦組織進行巡迴演出，

you have to be on it, and really that was the first time

他說：你真的得加入我們。那是我第一次

that I'd been out and started meeting people

站出來認識這麼多朋友，

who'd watched their family being shot in front of them,

他們有的人親眼看到自己的親人被槍殺，

who'd had a partner thrown out of an airplane into an ocean,

有的親人被人從飛機上丟下大海，

and suddenly this world of human rights arrived in my world,

突然之間，我的世界裡多了人權議題，

and I couldn't really walk away in quite the same way as before.

我再也無法像以前那樣不聞不問了。

So I got involved with this tour, which was for Amnesty,

所以我就加入了那次巡迴演出，那是為國際特赦組織所做的演出，

and then in '88 I took over Bono's job trying to learn how to hustle.

然後在1988年，我接替波諾的工作開始騙人，

I didn't do it as well, but we managed to get Youssou N'Dour, Sting,

我做得沒有那麼好，但我設法讓尤蘇．安多爾、史汀、

Tracy Chapman, and Bruce Springsteen to go 'round the world for Amnesty,

崔西．查普曼和布魯斯．史普林斯汀一起加入這場巡演，

and it was an amazing experience.

那真是一個很棒的經驗。

And, once again, I got an extraordinary education,

而且，我從中學到了很特別的東西，

and it was the first time, really,

那是我第一次

that I'd met a lot of these people in the different countries,

認識這麼多來自不同國家的人，

and these human rights stories became very physical,

他們的人權故事是那麼具體，

and, again, I couldn't really walk away quite so comfortably.

我一樣沒辦法假裝不聞不問。

But the thing that really amazed me, that I had no idea,

但真正令我驚訝而我也搞不懂的是，

was that you could suffer in this way

人們在受到這麼具大的創傷後，

and then have your whole experience, your story, denied,

加害者竟會全盤否認那些經歷、那些故事，

buried and forgotten.

只為掩蓋和遺忘這些罪行。

And it seemed that whenever there was a camera around,

但只要那附近有照相機、

or a video or film camera,

錄影機或攝影機，

it was a great deal harder to do -- for those in power to bury the story.

當權者要掩蓋他們的罪行就沒有那麼容易了。

And Reebok set up a foundation after these Human Rights Now tours

銳跑(Reebok)公司在我們的人權巡演之後，設立了一個基金會，

and there was a decision then --

他們決定要--

well, we made a proposal, for a couple of years,

嗯，我們在幾年前提出了一個建議，

about trying to set up a division

我們希望在基金會裡設立一個部門，

that was going to give cameras to human rights activists.

由這個部門發放攝影機給人權運動領袖。

It didn't really get anywhere,

這個建議在當時並沒有被採納，

and then the Rodney King incident happened, and people thought,

然而，在1992年洛杉磯暴動發生後，人們開始思考，

OK, if you have a camera in the right place at the right time,

若我們能在對的時間、對的地點放上一台攝影機，

or, perhaps, the wrong time, depending who you are,

或許就算是在錯誤的時間，要看你是什麼人，

then you can actually start doing something,

你或許就能發揮某些作用，

and campaigning, and being heard,

發起某項運動，為自己發聲，

and telling people about what's going on.

告訴世人發生了什麼事。

So, WITNESS was started in '92

證人計畫在1992年開始運作，

and it's since given cameras out in over 60 countries.

發放攝影機到超過60個國家，

And we campaign with activist groups

我們和其他團體一起發起運動，

and help them tell their story and, in fact,

幫助他們訴說他們的故事，

I will show you in a moment one of the most recent campaigns,

等一下我會告訴你們，最近的一個運動，

and I'm afraid it's a story from Uganda,

那是在烏干達發生的故事，

and, although we had a wonderful story from Uganda yesterday,

雖然我們昨天有聽到關於烏干達美好的故事，

this one isn't quite so good.

但這一個不是美好的故事。

In the north of Uganda,

在烏干達北部，

there are something like 1.5 million internally displaced people,

大約有一百五十萬流離失所的烏干達人民，

people who are not refugees in another country,

他們不是來自其他國家的難民，

but because of the civil war, which has been going on for about 20 years,

而是長達20年來烏干達內戰的難民，

they have nowhere to live.

他們沒有地方去。

And 20,000 kids have been taken away to become child soldiers,

有二萬個孩童被徵召成為兒童兵，

and the International Criminal Court is going after five of the leaders of the --

國際刑事法庭目前在追捕五個軍事領導人，

now, what's it called?

他們叫什麼名字呢？

I forget the name of the of the army --

我忘了軍隊的名稱，

it's Lord's Resistance Army, I believe --

大概是叫做聖主反抗軍吧...

but the government, also, doesn't have a clean sheet,

但是烏干達政府也好不到哪裡去，

so if we could run the first video.

讓我們先來看第一支影片。

(Music)

(音樂)

Woman: Life in the camp is never simple. Even today life is difficult.

女性：生活在難民營裡不容易，即使到今天也是一樣，

We stay because of the fear that what pushed us into the camp ...

我們擔心迫使我們逃到難民營的恐怖事件，

still exists back home.

到今天還在家鄉持續上演。

Text: "Between Two Fires: Torture and Displacement in Northern Uganda"

文字：「進退二難：受虐，或逃到烏干達北部」

Man: When we were at home, it was Kony's [rebel] soldiers disturbing us.

男性：我們在家鄉的時候，科尼的反叛軍一直在騷擾我們，

At first, we were safe in the camp.

一開始來到難民營時還滿安全的，

But later the government soldiers began mistreating us a lot.

但之後，政府軍就開始虐待我們。

(Chanting)

(軍歌聲)

Jennifer: A soldier walked onto the road, asking where we'd been.

珍妮佛：一個軍人走在路上，問我們從哪裡來，

Evelyn and I hid behind my mother.

艾佛琳和我躲在媽媽後面。

Evelyn: He ordered us to sit down, so we sat down.

艾佛琳：他命令我們坐下，所以我們就坐下來，

The other soldier also came.

又來了另一個軍人。

Jennifer: The man came and started undressing me.

珍妮佛：那個人過來把我的衣服脫掉，

The other one carried Evelyn aside.

另一個就把艾佛琳帶走，

The one who was defiling me then left me and went to rape Evelyn.

猥褺我的那個人後來跑去強暴艾佛琳，

And the one who was raping Evelyn came and defiled me also.

之前強暴艾佛琳的人則又跑來猥褺我。♫

Man: The soldiers with clubs this long beat us to get a confession.

男性：拿著長長棍子的軍人毒打我們，要我們招認，

They kept telling us, "Tell the truth!" as they beat us.

他們一邊毒打我們，一邊說：「快招認！」

Woman: They insisted that I was lying.

女性：他們一直認為我在說謊，

At that moment, they fired and shot off my fingers.

所以就開槍射斷了我的手指，

I fell. They ran to join the others ... leaving me for dead.

我倒了下來，他們跑回原隊伍，就讓我在那裡等死。

(Music)

(音樂)

Text: Uganda ratified the Convention Against Torture in 1986.

文字：烏干達在1986年通過了反虐待公約。

Torture is defined as any act by which severe pain of suffering,

凡憑藉公權力，意圖獲取資訊、

whether physical or mental,

逼供、處罰、

is intentionally inflicted by a person acting in an official capacity

脅迫或恫嚇，而刻意將巨大的痛楚

to obtain information or a confession, to punish, coerce or intimidate.

施加於另一人的身體或心理，都被定義為虐待。

Peter Gabriel: So torture is not something that always happens on other soil.

不是只有別的國家才會有虐待的事情發生，

In my country, it was --

在我們國家，

we had been looking at pictures of British soldiers beating up young Iraqis;

就有英國軍人毒打年輕伊拉克人的照片曝光，

we've got Abu Ghraib; we've got Guantanamo Bay.

還有阿布格來布監獄和關達那摩監獄(均有虐囚案)，

I had a driver on my way to Newark Airport,

載我到紐渥克機場的司機，

and he told me a story that, in the middle of the night, 4 a.m.,

他告訴我，某天半夜四點鐘，

he'd been taken out of his home in Queens -- taken to a place in the Midwest,

他被人從皇后區的家中帶走，帶到（美國）中西部，

that he was interrogated and tortured

在那裡被人毒打和審問，

and returned to the street four weeks later,

四個星期之後才被放走，

because he had the same -- he was Middle Eastern,

只因為他是中東人，而他的名字，

and he had the same name as one of the 9/11 pilots,

他的名字剛好和911事件中的飛機駕駛同名。

and that may or may not be true --

這件事或許是真的，也有可能是假的，

I didn't think he was a liar, though.

但我認為他沒有說謊。

And, I think, if we look around the world,

我想，在我們觀看這個世界的同時，

as well as the polar ice caps melting,

北極冰山正在溶化，

human rights, which have been fought for,

而我們奮鬥了

for many hundreds of years in some cases,

幾個世紀的人權，

are, also, eroding very fast,

也正快速地被侵蝕，

and that is something that we need to take a look at

或許，人權是值得我們觀注的議題，

and, maybe, start campaigning for.

我們或許也該為人權做些事了。

I mean, here, too, one of our partners was at Van Jones

就在這裡，我們有一位夥伴，參加了范瓊斯所發起的

and the Books Not Bars project -- they have managed,

「要教育，不要監獄」活動，

with their footage in California

他們希望能在加州用影片

to change the youth correction systems employed,

來改變目前的青少年行為矯正體系，

and it's much -- much -- I think, more humane methods

他們在找的是更有人性的作法，

are being looked at, how you should lock up young kids,

而不只是把青少年關在監獄，

and that's questionable to start off.

那絕對是個不好的開始。

And as the story of Mr. Morales, just down the road,

就像道德先生這個故事所講的，

excuse me, Mr. Gabriel,

「抱歉，凱柏爾先生，

would you mind if we delayed your execution a little bit?

你介意我們將你的死刑延後一點嗎？」

No, not at all, no problem, take your time.

「不會，沒問題，就慢慢來吧。」

But this, surely, whoever that man is, whatever he's done,

但不管那個人是誰、做了什麼，

this is cruel and unusual punishment.

那都是殘忍且特殊的處罰。

Anyway, WITNESS has been trying to arm the brave people

證人計畫要做的是去武裝那些勇敢的人，

who often put their lives at risk around the world, with cameras,

他們冒著生命危險，帶著攝影機到世界各地，

and I'd like to show you just a little more of that. Thank you.

讓我們再看一段影片，謝謝。

(Thunder) Text: You can say a story is fabricated.

(雷聲)

(Music)

(音樂)

Text: You can say a jury is corrupt.

文字：你可以說陪審團貪污，

You can say a person is lying.

你也可以指控某人說謊，

You can say you don't trust newspapers.

你也可以說你不相信報紙，

But you can't say

但你不能說

what you just saw

你所看到的事情

never happened.

從未發生過。

Help WITNESS give cameras to the world.

協助證人計畫，將攝影機散佈到全世界，

Shoot a video;

拍下一段影片，

expose injustice;

揭發不公不義的事，

reveal the truth;

告訴我們真相，

show us what's wrong with the world;

讓我們知道世界上發生了什麼事，

and maybe

或許，

we can help

我們就能

make it

導正

right.

這些事。

WITNESS.

「證人計畫」

All the video you have just seen was recorded by

你所看到的影片是由和證人計畫

human rights groups working with WITNESS.

一同合作的人權團體所拍攝。

(Applause)

(掌聲)

PG: WITNESS was born of technological innovation --

證人計畫是科技創新的結晶，

in a sense the small, portable, DV cam

這麼小的一台可攜式數位攝影機，

was really what allowed it to come into being.

就可以讓證人計畫發揮作用。

And we've also been trying to get computers out to the world,

我們也希望把電腦散佈到全世界，

so that groups can communicate much more effectively,

這樣各個團體就可以更有效的溝通，

campaign much more effectively,

也可以更有效率地發起運動。

but now we have the wonderful possibility,

現在，我們有更好的選擇，

which is given to us from the mobile phone with the camera in it,

就是附有攝影機功能的手機，

because that is cheap; it's ubiquitous; and it's moving fast

因為手機很便宜，也很普及，可以讓資訊

all around the world -- and it's very exciting for us.

快速地在世界上流通，所以我們很期待。

And so, the dream is that we could have a world

我們的願望是，

in which anyone who has anything bad happen to them of this sort

希望每當有人發生上述不幸的事時，

has a chance of getting their story uploaded,

可以把他們的故事上傳上來，

being seen, being watched,

讓大家知道，讓大家看到，

that they really know that they can be heard,

他們知道他們的聲音會被聽見，

that there would be a giant website,

所以那將是一個很大的網站，

maybe, a little like Google Earth,

有點像是Google Earth，

and you could fly over and find out the realities of what's going,

你可以點進網站看看世界上的

for the world's inhabitants. In a way

其他居民發生了什麼事。

what this technology is allowing is, really,

科技能幫助我們的是，

that a lot of the problems of the world can have a human face,

讓世界上的問題以人性的角度呈現出來，

that we can actually see who's dying of AIDS

我們就能看到有誰死於愛滋病，

or who's being beaten up, for the first time,

有誰被人毒打一頓。這是我們第一次

and we can hear their stories in a way that the blogger culture --

可以透過部落格看到別人的故事，

if we can move that into these sort of fields,

所以我們若能將這個工具運用到人權領域，

I think we can really transform the world in all sorts of ways.

我相信我們就能以某種方式改變這個世界。

There could be a new movement growing up,

未來會有一股新的運動萌芽，

rising from the ground, reaching for the light,

冒出地面，追尋陽光，

and growing strong, just like a tree. Thank you.

成長茁壯，就像大樹一樣。謝謝各位。