A glimpse of the future through an augmented reality headset | Meron Gribetz

譯者: Shik Cheung 審譯者: Allen Kuo

Today's computers are so amazing

現在的電腦實在太神奇了，

that we fail to notice how terrible they really are.

神奇到讓我們沒注意到它們有多恐怖。

I'd like to talk to you today about this problem,

今天我想和各位談談這個問題，

and how we can fix it with neuroscience.

還有該怎麼用神經科學來解決它。

First, I'd like to take you back to a frosty night in Harlem in 2011

首先我想把場景拉回

2011年一個寒冷的夜晚， 紐約的哈林區。

that had a profound impact on me.

當時發生一件對我影響很深的事。

I was sitting in a dive bar outside of Columbia University,

當時我坐在一個地下酒吧裡，

就在我研究資訊科學和神經科學的 哥倫比亞大學外面，

where I studied computer science and neuroscience,

and I was having this great conversation with a fellow student

我跟一個同學聊得正開心，

about the power of holograms to one day replace computers.

討論全像投影的力量 有一天可能會取代電腦。

And just as we were getting to the best part of the conversation,

而在我們聊到正精彩的部分時，

of course, his phone lights up.

不意外地，他的手機亮了起來。

And he pulls it towards himself, and he looks down and he starts typing.

他把手機拿近一看，就低頭開始打字，

And then he forces his eyeballs back up to mine and he goes,

但隨即強迫自己眼珠向上重新看著我，

"Keep going. I'm with you."

然後他說：「繼續講，我有在聽。」

But of course his eyes were glazed over,

不過想當然爾，他的眼神開始渙散，

and the moment was dead.

氣氛就全沒了。

Meanwhile across the bar,

同時酒吧的另一邊，

I noticed another student holding his phone,

我注意到另一個學生也拿著他的手機，

this time towards a group.

但卻是對面一群人，

He was swiping through pictures on Instagram,

他正滑著Instagram上的照片，

and these kids were laughing hysterically.

這群孩子邊看邊瘋狂大笑。

And that dichotomy between how crappy I was feeling

同樣的科技，讓我感覺如此糟糕， 卻讓他們覺得如此開心，

and how happy they were feeling about the same technology,

really got me thinking.

這樣的強烈對比讓我陷入沉思。

And the more I thought of it, the more I realized

而我想得越深入，

it was clearly not the digital information that was the bad guy here,

就越發覺罪魁禍首 顯然不是數位資訊本身，

it was simply the display position that was separating me from my friend

只不過因為顯示的位置不同， 在我和我朋友之間是個區隔，

and that was binding those kids together.

在那群孩子面前卻形成一種凝聚力。

See, they were connected around something,

看吧，他們正被某些事物聯結在一起，

just like our ancestors who evolved their social cognitions

就如同我們的祖先圍繞著營火說故事，

telling stories around the campfire.

藉此發展他們的社會認知。

And that's exactly what tools should do, I think.

我想這是任何工具應有的功能：

They should extend our bodies.

讓我們的身體能向外延伸。

And I think computers today are doing quite the opposite.

而我認為當今電腦所做的恰好相反，

Whether you're sending an email to your wife

無論你是在寄信給你太太，

or you're composing a symphony

寫一首交響曲，

or just consoling a friend,

或者只是在安慰你的朋友，

you're doing it in pretty much the same way.

幾乎都是用一樣的方式。

You're hunched over these rectangles,

你都是弓著背面對這些方框，

fumbling with buttons and menus and more rectangles.

笨拙地敲著按鈕和選單， 或是其他更多的方框。

And I think this is the wrong way,

我認為這是錯誤的做法。

I think we can start using a much more natural machine.

我認為我們該開始使用更自然的機器。

We should use machines that bring our work back into the world.

我們該使用能讓所做的事 重新和世界結合的機器。

We should use machines that use the principles of neuroscience

我們使用的機器應該符合 神經科學的原則，

to extend our senses versus going against them.

延伸我們的感官而非限制它們。

Now it just so happens that I have such a machine here.

現在碰巧我剛好有一台這樣的機器。

It's called the Meta 2.

它叫做米塔二號。

Let's try it out.

讓我們來試試。

Now in front of me right now, I can see the audience,

現在就在我面前，我可以看到觀眾，

and I can see my very hands.

也可以看到自己的手。

And in three, two, one,

然後3, 2, 1,

we're going to see an immersive hologram appear,

我們即將看到一個擬真的全像投影，

一個非常真實的全像投影 出現在我面前，

a very realistic hologram appear in front of me,

of our very glasses I'm wearing on my head right now.

透過我正戴在頭上的這副眼鏡。

And of course this could be anything that we're shopping for

當然出現的也可以是 任何我們要買的東西

or learning from,

或是學習的教材。

and I can use my hands

而我可以用我的手

to very nicely kind of move it around with fine control.

將它移來移去，精密的控制它。

And I think Iron Man would be proud.

我想鋼鐵人會感到很驕傲的。

We're going to come back to this in just a bit.

等等我們再來好好展示。

(Applause)

(掌聲)

Now if you're anything like me, your mind is already reeling

如果你們的想法跟我一樣，

應該已經為這類科技可能帶來什麼應用 而感到暈頭轉向了，

with the possibilities of what we can do with this kind of technology,

所以我們來看看一些範例。

so let's look at a few.

My mom is an architect,

我的母親是位建築師，

so naturally the first thing I imagined

所以很自然地，我想到的第一件事

was laying out a building in 3D space

是建構一棟建築的立體影像，

instead of having to use these 2D floor plans.

而不必再使用平面的樓層設計圖。

She's actually touching graphics right now

她是真的在碰觸那些圖像，

and selecting an interior decor.

並選擇其中一種室內裝飾。

This was all shot through a GoPro through our very glasses.

這些影片都是用GoPro相機 透過這副眼鏡所錄製的。

And this next use case is very personal to me,

下一個應用範例是我個人興趣，

it's Professor Adam Gazzaley's glass brain project,

這是亞當‧葛茲利教授的 3D動態大腦影像專案，

courtesy of UCSF.

由加州大學舊金山分校提供。

As a neuroscience student,

身為一個神經科學的學生，

I would always fantasize

我經常在幻想

about the ability to learn and memorize these complex brain structures

是否有一台實體的機器， 能幫助我們學習並記住複雜的大腦結構，

with an actual machine,

where I could touch and play with the various brain structures.

讓我們可以直接碰觸和把玩它們。

Now what you're seeing is called augmented reality,

現在你看到的是 一種叫做擴增實境的技術，

but to me, it's part of a much more important story --

但對我來說這只是另一個更重要的故事 的其中一部分 －

a story of how we can begin to extend our bodies with digital devices,

這個故事是關於我們能如何開始 透過數位裝置延伸我們的身體，

instead of the other way around.

而不是限制它。

Now ...

那麼，

in the next few years, humanity's going to go through a shift, I think.

在我看來，人類在未來幾年內 將會經歷一次轉變。

We're going to start putting an entire layer of digital information

我們將會開始將一整片的數位資訊

on the real world.

直接披在現實世界上。

Just imagine for a moment

想像一下，

what this could mean for storytellers,

這對說故事的人代表什麼，

for painters,

對畫家代表什麼，

for brain surgeons,

對腦科醫生代表什麼，

for interior decorators

對室內裝潢工人代表什麼，

and maybe for all of us here today.

甚至對今天所有在座各位代表什麼。

And what I think we need to do as a community,

而我認為我們需要一起完成的

is really try and make an effort

是真正試著努力，

to imagine how we can create this new reality

想像我們如何用延伸人類經驗的方式 創造這種新的現實世界，

in a way that extends the human experience,

instead of gamifying our reality

而不是把它變得像遊戲一樣 充滿混亂的數位資訊。

or cluttering it with digital information.

And that's what I'm very passionate about.

這就是我非常熱切想做的事。

Now, I want to tell you a little secret.

跟你們分享一個小秘密。

In about five years --

在大概五年內 －

this is not the smallest device --

它的體積還能更小 －

in about five years,

在大概五年內，

these are all going to look like strips of glass on our eyes

它們會像覆蓋在眼睛上的一片玻璃片，

that project holograms.

播放著全像投影。

And just like we don't care so much about which phone we buy

而就像我們並不那麼在乎 要買哪一款手機，

in terms of the hardware -- we buy it for the operating system --

我是說硬體上 － 我們想買的是作業系統 －

as a neuroscientist,

身為神經科學家，

I always dreamt of building the iOS of the mind, if you will.

我總是夢想著可以為心智 建立一套iOS － 如果可能的話。

And it's very, very important that we get this right,

但非常、非常重要的是， 我們得把它做好，

because we might be living inside of these things

因為我們跟它一起生活的時間

for at least as long as we've lived

可能會和我們跟Windows圖形介面 一起生活的時間一樣長。

with the Windows graphical user interface.

And I don't know about you,

我不知道各位怎麼想，

but living inside of Windows scares me.

但活在Windows介面裡 真是嚇壞我了。

(笑聲)

(Laughter)

To isolate the single most intuitive interface out of infinity,

為了要從無限多種可能性中 找出最直覺的介面，

we use neuroscience to drive our design guidelines,

我們以神經科學為設計的指導原則，

instead of letting a bunch of designers fight it out in the boardroom.

而不是讓一堆設計師 在會議室裡吵得不可開交。

And the principle we all revolve around

我們反覆推敲後找出一個準則，

is what's called the "Neural Path of Least Resistance."

稱為「最小神經阻礙路徑」。

At every turn, we're connecting the iOS of the brain with our brain

我們將這套大腦的iOS 隨時隨地和大腦保持連結，

on, for the first time, our brain's terms.

並史無前例地按照大腦的模式運作。

In other words, we're trying to create a zero learning-curve computer.

換句話說，我們正試著創造一台 讓你不需要學習如何使用的電腦。

We're building a system that you've always known how to use.

我們正在建立一套 你永遠知道如何使用的系統。

Here are the first three design guidelines that we employ

為了創造這種全新的使用者體驗， 我們採用了三個重要的設計指導原則。

in this brand-new form of user experience.

First and foremost, you are the operating system.

第一、也是最重要的一個： 你就是作業系統。

Traditional file systems are complex and abstract,

傳統的檔案系統既複雜又抽象，

and they take your brain extra steps to decode them.

讓你的大腦需要 耗費額外的精力進行解碼。

We're going against the Neural Path of Least Resistance.

這違背了神經最小阻礙原則，

Meanwhile, in augmented reality,

同時，在擴增實境中，

you can of course place your holographic TED panel over here,

你顯然可以把全像投影的 TED 控制面板放在這裡，

and your holographic email on the other side of the desk,

然後把全像投影的郵件系統 放在桌面的另一邊，

and your spatial memory evolved just fine to go ahead and retrieve them.

你的空間記憶會讓你 很自然地找到它們的位置。

You could put your holographic Tesla that you're shopping for --

你可以把你正在選購的 特斯拉全像投影放在這 －

or whatever model my legal team told me to put in right before the show.

或任何我的法律團隊 要我在演講前放在這裡的款式。

(Laughter)

(笑聲)

Perfect. And your brain knows exactly how to get it back.

太完美了。而且你的大腦 完全知道如何去哪裡找它。

The second interface guideline we call "touch to see."

第二個界面指導原則， 我們稱為「接觸可視」。

What do babies do when they see something that grabs their interest?

嬰兒看到引起他們興趣 的東西時會做什麼？

They try and reach out and touch it.

他會試著伸手去摸它。

And that's exactly how the natural machine should work as well.

自然的機器也應該這樣運作才對。

Turns out the visual system gets a fundamental boost

事實說明視覺系統有個很基本的推動力

from a sense we call proprioception --

來自我們稱為本體知覺的感官 －

that's the sense of our body parts in space.

也就是身體各部位在空間裡的感覺。

So by touching our work directly, we're not only going to control it better,

所以透過直接觸摸正在處理的東西， 我們不僅能做更好的控制，

we're also going to understand it much more deeply.

還能對它有更深入許多的瞭解。

Hence, touch to see.

這也就是「接觸可視」。

But it's not enough to experience things ourselves.

但只有我們自己體驗 這些東西是不夠的。

We're inherently these social primates.

我們天生就是社會型的靈長類動物。

And this leads me to our third guideline,

這就帶出了我們的第三個指導原則，

the holographic campfire from our first story.

如同我們早先故事的營火， 但卻是全像投影的版本。

Our mirror-neuron subsystem suggests

我們的鏡像神經元系統

that we can connect with each other and with our work much better

使得我們在能看到彼此的臉和手的情況下，

if we can see each other's faces and hands in 3D.

可以和對方或者合作事項 產生更好的連結。

所以在我後面的這段錄影裡，

So if you look at the video behind me,

you can see two Meta users playing around with the same hologram,

你可以看到兩個米塔使用者 同時使用同一個全像投影，

making eye contact, connected around this thing,

讓他們眼神互相接觸，彼此密切結合，

instead of being distracted by external devices.

而不是因外在裝置而分心。

Let's go ahead and try this again with neuroscience in mind.

讓我們把神經科學放在心裡， 再試一次這個東西。

So again, our favorite interface, the iOS of the mind.

一樣地，我們最愛的介面， 心智的iOS。

I'm going to now take a step further

這次我要更進一步

and go ahead and grab this pair of glasses

開始抓住這副眼鏡

然後把它放在桌子上。

and leave it right here by the desk.

I'm now with you, I'm in the moment,

而此刻我和你們在一起，

we're connecting.

彼此聯結。

My spatial memory kicks in, and I can go ahead and grab it

我的空間記憶發揮作用， 讓我能去抓住它

and bring it right back here, reminding me

並把它拉回來這裡，提醒著我

that I am the operating system.

我就是作業系統。

And now my proprioception is working,

現在我的本體知覺發揮作用，

and I can go ahead and explode these glasses into a thousand parts

我可以將這副眼鏡拆成一千個零件，

and touch the very sensor that is currently scanning my hand.

並碰觸這個現在正在 掃描我的手的感應器。

But it's not enough to see things alone,

但獨自看到這些東西是不夠的，

so in a second, my co-founder Ray is going to make a 3D call --

所以很快地，我的共同創辦人 － 雷 會打一通3D電話給我 －

Ray?

雷?

(Ringing)

(鈴聲)

Hey Ray, how's it going?

嗨，雷，你好嗎？

Guys, I can see this guy in front me in full 3D.

各位，我可以看到他在面前， 完全立體。

And he is photo-realistic.

而且是真實的影像。

(Applause)

(掌聲)

謝謝你們。

Thank you.

My mirror-neuron subsystem suggests that this is going to replace phones

我的鏡像神經元系統認為這即將取代電話，

in not too long.

而且不會太久。

Ray, how's it going?

雷，你好嗎？

Ray: Great. We're live today.

雷：好得很。我們正直播呢。

(Applause)

(掌聲)

MG: Ray, give the crowd a gift

MG：雷，為觀眾們送上禮物吧，

of the holographic brain we saw from the video earlier.

讓他們看看稍早影片裡 那個全像投影大腦。

Guys, this is not only going to change phones,

各位，這帶來的改變不僅僅是電話，

it's also going to change the way we collaborate.

而是整個我們彼此合作的方式。

Thank you so much.

謝謝你們。

Thanks, Ray.

謝謝，雷。

Ray: You're welcome.

雷：不客氣。

(Applause)

(掌聲)

MG: So folks, this is the message that I discovered in that bar in 2011:

MG：朋友們，這就是2011年 我在那間酒吧得到的訊息：

The future of computers is not locked inside one of these screens.

電腦的未來絕對不是 藏在那些螢幕後面，

It's right here, inside of us.

而是在這裡，藏在我們身體裡。

(Applause)

(掌聲)

So if there's one idea that I could leave you with here today,

所以如果今天能讓各位帶走一個想法，

it's that the natural machine is not some figment of the future,

那就是自然機器 並不是未來虛構的東西，

it's right here in 2016.

它就在2016年的這裡。

Which is why all hundred of us at Meta,

這也是為什麼我們米塔上百名員工。

including the administrative staff,

包含行政人員、管理層、

the executives,

設計師、工程師 －

the designers, the engineers --

before TED2017,

在2017年的TED大會之前，

we're all going to be throwing away our external monitors

我們要摒棄所有的外接螢幕，

and replacing them with a truly and profoundly more natural machine.

然後用真正更加自然的機器取代它們。

Thank you very much.

非常感謝各位。

(Applause)

(掌聲)

謝謝，由衷感謝。

Thank you, appreciate it.

Thanks, guys.

謝謝你們。

Chris Anderson: So help me out on one thing,

克里斯·安德森： 請解答我的一個小疑惑，

過去一年甚至更久之前 就出現過許多擴增實境的展示，

because there've been a few augmented reality demos

shown over the last year or so out there.

And there's sometimes a debate among technologists

科技人之間有時會互相爭論

about, are we really seeing the real thing on-screen?

「我們是否真的在螢幕上看到 真實物件？」這個問題。

There's this issue of field of view,

這是這個領域存在的一個議題，

that somehow the technology is showing a broader view

就是這個科技似乎讓我們在戴上眼鏡時

than you would actually see wearing the glasses.

顯示的東西比實際看到的還多。

那我們看到的東西是否真實呢？

Were we seeing the real deal there?

MG: Absolutely the real deal.

MG：絕對是真實的。

不僅如此，

Not only that,

我們還額外測試， 利用GoPro相機透過真實鏡頭

we took extra measures to shoot it with a GoPro through the actual lens

in the various videos that you've seen here.

拍攝之前放映的那幾段影片。

We want to try to simulate the experience for the world

我們想藉由透過這個眼鏡所看到的一切

模擬這個世界的體驗，

that we're actually seeing through the glasses,

不漏掉任何一個鏡頭。

and not cut any corners.

CA: Thank you so much for showing us that.

CA：感謝你與我們分享這些。

MG: Thanks so much, I appreciate that.

MG：非常感謝。