Why Climate Change Is a Threat to Human Rights | Mary Robinson | TED Talks

譯者: Regina Chu 審譯者: Marssi Draw

A question I'm often asked is,

別人常問我一個問題，

where did I get my passion for human rights and justice?

就是我對人權及正義的 熱情從何而來？

It started early.

這從很早就開始了。

I grew up in the west of Ireland,

我在西愛爾蘭長大，

wedged between four brothers,

夾在四個兄弟之間，

two older than me and two younger than me.

兩個哥哥、兩個弟弟。

So of course I had to be interested in human rights,

所以想當然爾我對人權、

and equality and justice,

平等及正義產生興趣，

and using my elbows!

當然還要會用我的手肘！

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

And those issues stayed with me and guided me,

這些議題隨著我、帶領我成長，

and in particular,

特別是在

when I was elected the first woman President of Ireland,

我當選為愛爾蘭第一位女總統，

from 1990 to 1997.

任期在 1990 到 1997 年間。

I dedicated my presidency

我在位期間，

to having a space for those who felt marginalized on the island of Ireland,

致力給予愛爾蘭島上 覺得被邊緣化的人生存空間，

and bringing together communities from Northern Ireland

並促使北愛爾蘭社群

with those from the Republic,

與共和國社群和解，

trying to build peace.

試著建立和平。

And I went as the first Irish president to the United Kingdom

我是第一位拜訪英國的愛爾蘭總統，

and met with Queen Elizabeth II,

會晤女王伊莉莎白二世，

and also welcomed to my official residence --

並在我的官邸──

which we call "Áras an Uachtaráin," the house of the president --

我們稱之為「總統的房子」──

members of the royal family,

接待皇室成員，

including, notably, the Prince of Wales.

特別包括王儲查爾斯王子。

And I was aware that at the time of my presidency,

我知道在我當總統期間，

Ireland was a country beginning a rapid economic progress.

愛爾蘭的經濟開始快速發展。

We were a country that was benefiting from the solidarity of the European Union.

我們是歐盟團結的受益者。

Indeed, when Ireland first joined the European Union in 1973,

確實，愛爾蘭於 1973 年 首次加入歐盟時，

there were parts of the country that were considered developing,

部分地區可說是正在發展，

including my own beloved native county, County Mayo.

包括我心愛的家鄉，梅奧郡。

I led trade delegations here to the United States,

我曾領導商務代表團來訪美國，

to Japan, to India,

還有日本、印度，

to encourage investment, to help to create jobs,

鼓勵投資、幫助創造就業機會、

to build up our economy,

增進經濟發展，

to build up our health system, our education --

加強醫療系統、教育──

our development.

各種發展。

What I didn't have to do as president

但我身為總統，

was buy land on mainland Europe,

不必去歐洲大陸買塊地，

so that Irish citizens could go there because our island was going underwater.

讓愛爾蘭公民去那裡， 因為我們的島就要沉到水裡去了。

What I didn't have to think about,

我都不用考慮──

either as president or as a constitutional lawyer,

無論我是總統還是憲法專門律師──

was the implications for the sovereignty of the territory

氣候變遷的影響 造成的領土主權問題。

because of the impact of climate change.

But that is what President Tong, of the Republic of Kiribati,

但那是吉里巴斯共和國湯安諾總統

has to wake up every morning thinking about.

每天早上醒來都要考慮的問題。

He has bought land in Fiji as an insurance policy,

他必須在斐濟買塊地當保單，

what he calls, "migration with dignity,"

他稱之為「有尊嚴的遷移」，

because he knows that his people may have to leave their islands.

因為他知道他的人民有一天 必須棄島而去。

As I listened to President Tong describing the situation,

我在聽湯總統描述情況的時候，

I really felt that this was a problem that no leader should have to face.

我真的覺得這不是 領導人應該面對的問題。

And as I heard him speak about the pain of his problems,

我在聽他訴說這個問題 帶來的痛苦時，

I thought about Eleanor Roosevelt.

我就想到愛蓮娜·羅斯福。

I thought about her and those who worked with her

我想到她和與她一同在

on the Commission on Human Rights, which she chaired in 1948,

聯合國人權委員會工作的人， 她於 1948 年當主席，

and drew up the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

並起草《世界人權宣言》。

For them, it would have been unimaginable

他們大概無法想像

that a whole country could go out of existence

一整個國家

會因為人為的氣候變遷而消失。

because of human-induced climate change.

I came to climate change not as a scientist or an environmental lawyer,

我不是以科學家或環境律師 開始關注氣候變遷，

and I wasn't really impressed by the images of polar bears

北極熊或冰河融化的照片 也沒有特別打動我。

or melting glaciers.

It was because of the impact on people,

我是因為這對人民的衝擊，

and the impact on their rights --

對他們權利的衝擊──

their rights to food and safe water, health, education and shelter.

他們有權利獲得食物、乾淨的水、 健康、教育及安身之處。

And I say this with humility,

我以謙卑的心說出這些，

because I came late to the issue of climate change.

因為我太晚關注氣候變遷這個議題。

When I served

我擔任

as UN High Commissioner for Human Rights

聯合國人權事務高級專員

from 1997 to 2002,

是在 1997 到 2002 年間，

climate change wasn't at the front of my mind.

當時氣候變遷在我心中沒什麼地位，

I don't remember making a single speech on climate change.

我不記得我針對氣候變遷 說過任何一場演講。

I knew that there was another part of the United Nations --

我知道聯合國有另一個部分──

the UN Convention on Climate Change --

聯合國氣候變化綱要公約──

that was dealing with the issue of climate change.

專門處理氣候變遷議題。

It was later when I started to work in African countries

我是在之後，開始在非洲國家

on issues of development and human rights.

處理開發及人權問題時， 才開始注意到。

And I kept hearing this pervasive sentence:

我一直聽到大家都在說這句話：

"Oh, but things are so much worse now, things are so much worse."

「噢！但現在情況更糟了，更糟了！」

And then I explored what was behind that;

所以我就探究了背後的情況；

it was about changes in the climate --

原來是氣候變化──

climate shocks, changes in the weather.

氣候衝擊，天氣改變。

I met Constance Okollet,

我遇見康絲坦，

who had formed a women's group in Eastern Uganda,

她在東烏干達組織了一個婦女團體，

and she told me that when she was growing up,

她告訴我她成長的年代，

she had a very normal life in her village and they didn't go hungry,

她在村莊裡過著相當正常的生活， 而且都不會挨餓，

they knew that the seasons would come as they were predicted to come,

他們很確定四季會變化如常，

they knew when to sow and they knew when to harvest,

他們知道何時播種、何時收割，

and so they had enough food.

所以他們有充足的食物。

But, in recent years,

但是最近幾年，

at the time of this conversation,

就是我們對談的時候，

they had nothing but long periods of drought,

他們什麼都沒有，只有長期的旱災，

and then flash flooding,

及隨之而來的暴洪，

and then more drought.

然後就是更多的旱災。

The school had been destroyed,

學校被摧毀，

livelihoods had been destroyed,

生活被摧毀，

their harvest had been destroyed.

他們的收穫也被摧毀。

She forms this women's group to try to keep her community together.

她成立了這個婦女團體， 試著不讓她的社區分崩離析。

And this was a reality that really struck me,

這個事實真的給我重重的一擊，

because of course, Constance Okollet wasn't responsible

因為當然，康絲坦無須

for the greenhouse gas emissions that were causing this problem.

為排放溫室氣體 造成這個問題負上責任。

Indeed, I was very struck about the situation in Malawi

真的，我對今年一月 馬拉威的情況甚感驚訝。

in January of this year.

There was an unprecedented flooding in the country,

這個國家發生了一場空前的洪水，

it covered about a third of the country,

淹沒了三分之一的國土，

over 300 people were killed,

300 餘人因此喪命，

and hundreds of thousands lost their livelihoods.

成千上萬人流離失所。

And the average person in Malawi

普通馬拉威人

emits about 80 kg of CO2 a year.

每年排放約 80 公斤的二氧化碳。

The average US citizen emits about 17.5 metric tons.

普通美國人的排放量 則約 17.5 噸。

So those who are suffering disproportionately

所以為此受到無比痛苦的人，

don't drive cars, don't have electricity, don't consume very significantly,

不開車、不用電、也不怎麼消費，

and yet they are feeling more and more

然而他們卻覺得愈來愈受

the impacts of the changes in the climate,

氣候變遷的衝擊。

the changes that are preventing them from knowing how to grow food properly,

這樣的變遷讓他們不知道 該如何適當種植食物，

and knowing how to look after their future.

該如何展望未來。

I think it was really the importance of the injustice

我想真的是不公義的重要性

that really struck me very forcibly.

強烈的衝擊我。

And I know that we're not able to address some of that injustice

我知道我們無法解決那些不公義，

because we're not on course for a safe world.

因為我們沒有走向安全的世界。

Governments around the world agreed at the conference in Copenhagen,

全世界的政府都在 哥本哈根大會上同意，

and have repeated it at every conference on climate,

也在每一場氣候變遷 會議上不斷看到，

that we have to stay below two degrees Celsius

我們的暖化程度

of warming above pre-Industrial standards.

與工業革命前的標準相比， 不可超過攝氏 2 度。

But we're on course for about four degrees.

我們卻朝著上升 4 度去。

So we face an existential threat to the future of our planet.

所以我們面對著 地球未來的存亡關頭。

And that made me realize

這使我瞭解

that climate change is the greatest threat to human rights in the 21st century.

氣候變遷的確是 21 世紀 人權最大的威脅。

And that brought me then to climate justice.

這因而引起我關注氣候正義。

Climate justice responds to the moral argument --

氣候正義能回答道德爭論──

both sides of the moral argument --

無論是氣候變遷爭論的哪一方。

to address climate change.

First of all,

首先，

to be on the side of those who are suffering most and are most effected.

站在最痛苦最受影響的一方。

And secondly,

第二，

to make sure that they're not left behind again, when we start to move

我們要確保在開始行動時，

開始以氣候行動對付氣候變遷時， 不能再遺忘他們，

and start to address climate change with climate action,

as we are doing.

就像我們現在所為。

In our very unequal world today,

今天在這個非常不平等的世界，

it's very striking how many people are left behind.

你會很驚訝有多少人被遺忘了。

In our world of 7.2 billion people, about 3 billion are left behind.

世界 72 億人口中， 有 30 億人被遺忘。

1.3 billion don't have access to electricity,

13 億人沒有電可用，

and they light their homes with kerosene and candles,

他們以煤油及蠟燭點亮房屋，

both of which are dangerous.

這兩者都很危險。

And in fact they spend a lot of their tiny income on that form of lighting.

事實上他們大部分的收入， 都花在這種照明方式上。

2.6 billion people cook on open fires --

26 億人以露天爐灶煮飯，

on coal, wood and animal dung.

燒煤、木頭或動物糞便。

And this causes about 4 million deaths a year

這造成每年四百萬人口死亡，

from indoor smoke inhalation,

因為吸入室內煙霧，

and of course, most of those who die are women.

當然，大部分的死者是婦女。

So we have a very unequal world,

所以我們有個非常不平等的世界，

and we need to change from "business as usual."

我們必須改變「一切如常」的想法。

And we shouldn't underestimate the scale and the transformative nature

我們不應該低估

我們所需的改變規模及其轉變能力。

of the change which will be needed,

because we have to go to zero carbon emissions by about 2050,

因為我們的碳排放量 必須在 2050 年達到零，

if we're going to stay below two degrees Celsius of warming.

才能讓暖化程度如預期 保持低於攝氏 2 度。

And that means we have to leave about two-thirds of the known resources

那意味著我們必須停止開採 大約三分之二的已知資源，

of fossil fuels in the ground.

即化石燃料。

It's a very big change,

這是很大的改變。

and it means that obviously,

而且這意味著，

industrialized countries must cut their emissions,

顯然工業化國家必須減少排放量，

must become much more energy-efficient,

必須變得更加節能，

and must move as quickly as possible to renewable energy.

必須盡快發展使用再生能源。

For developing countries and emerging economies,

對開發中國家及新興經濟體而言，

the problem and the challenge is to grow without emissions,

問題及挑戰在於零排放成長，

because they must develop; they have very poor populations.

因為他們必須開發， 他們的居民非常貧窮。

So they must develop without emissions, and that is a different kind of problem.

所以他們必須開發，又要零排放， 這是不同類型的問題。

Indeed, no country in the world has actually grown without emissions.

確實，世界上沒有任何一個國家 可以做到零排放成長。

All the countries have developed with fossil fuels,

所有國家的開發都靠化石燃料，

and then may be moving to renewable energy.

然後或許能轉變成依靠再生能源。

So it is a very big challenge,

所以這是非常大的挑戰，

and it requires the total support of the international community,

這需要國際社會全面支持，

with the necessary finance and technology, and systems and support,

提供必要的資金和技術， 系統及支援，

because no country can make itself safe from the dangers of climate change.

因為沒有一個國家能在 氣候變遷的危險下自掃門前雪。

This is an issue that requires complete human solidarity.

這個議題需要人類全面團結。

Human solidarity, if you like, based on self-interest --

人類團結，你也可以說是 基於自我利益，

because we are all in this together,

因為我們同在一艘船上，

and we have to work together

我們必須合作

to ensure that we reach zero carbon by 2050.

以確保我們在 2050 年 達到零碳排放量。

The good news is that change is happening,

好消息是改變已經開始，

and it's happening very fast.

而且發展得很快。

Here in California,

在加州這裡，

there's a very ambitious emissions target to cut emissions.

設定非常遠大的目標， 以減少溫室氣體排放。

In Hawaii, they're passing legislation

在夏威夷，他們剛剛通過立法，

to have 100 percent renewable energy by 2045.

要在 2045 年達到 百分之百的再生能源。

And governments are very ambitious around the world.

全世界的政府也抱著雄心壯志。

In Costa Rica, they have committed to being carbon-neutral by 2021.

哥斯大黎加承諾要在 2021 年做到碳中和。

In Ethiopia, the commitment is to be carbon-neutral by 2027.

衣索匹亞承諾要在 2027 年達到碳中和。

Apple have pledged that their factories in China will use renewable energy.

蘋果公司誓言要讓 在中國的工廠使用再生能源。

And there is a race on at the moment

目前也有一場競賽，

to convert electricity from tidal and wave power,

要從潮汐能發電，

in order that we can leave the coal in the ground.

如此我們才能停止開採煤炭。

And that change is both welcome and is happening very rapidly.

這樣的改變既受歡迎也發展快速。

But it's still not enough,

但這還不夠，

and the political will is still not enough.

而且光有政治決心還是不夠。

Let me come back to President Tong and his people in Kiribati.

讓我再回頭談談湯總統 及吉里巴斯的人民。

They actually could be able to live on their island and have a solution,

他們還是可以在他們的島上生活， 而且有解決方案，

but it would take a lot of political will.

但是這要下很大的政治決心。

President Tong told me about his ambitious idea

湯總統告訴我他的雄心壯志，

to either build up or even float the little islands where his people live.

要把民眾住的小島加高， 甚至讓島漂起來。

This, of course, is beyond the resources of Kiribati itself.

想當然爾，這絕非吉里巴斯 憑一國之力就能做到。

It would require great solidarity and support from other countries,

這需要其他國家的大團結及支援，

and it would require the kind of imaginative idea

這也需要那種富有想像力的構想，

that we bring together when we want to have a space station in the air.

如同我們想在空中 建造太空站時的集思廣義。

But wouldn't it be wonderful to have this engineering wonder

但這不是很棒嗎？ 創造這種工程奇景，

and to allow a people to remain in their sovereign territory,

讓一個國家的人民 能留在他們獨立自主的領土上，

and be part of the community of nations?

並成為國際社會的一部分？

That is the kind of idea that we should be thinking about.

這才是我們應該思索的計畫。

Yes, the challenges of the transformation we need are big,

的確，我們所需的變革挑戰很大。

but they can be solved.

但是我們可以克服這樣的挑戰。

We are actually, as a people,

我們身為人，

very capable of coming together to solve problems.

其實很有能力一同解決問題。

I was very conscious of this as I took part this year

我對此非常清楚，因為我今年參加了

in commemoration of the 70th anniversary

1945 年二次世界大戰結束 70 周年紀念。

of the end of the Second World War in 1945.

1945 was an extraordinary year.

1945 年是非常不平凡的一年。

It was a year when the world faced

那年，全世界面對了幾項

what must have seemed almost insoluble problems --

看似幾乎無法解決的問題──

the devastation of the world wars, particularly the Second World War;

兩次世界大戰的蹂躪， 尤其是二次世界大戰；

the fragile peace that had been brought about;

隨之而來不穩固的和平；

the need for a whole economic regeneration.

整體經濟復興的需求。

But the leaders of that time didn't flinch from this.

但是當時的領導人 並不因此而退縮。

They had the capacity, they had a sense of being driven by

他們有能力，他們的動力來自於

never again must the world have this kind of problem.

絕不容許世界再發生相同的問題。

And they had to build structures for peace and security.

他們必須為和平及安全建立架構。

And what did we get? What did they achieve?

我們因此得到什麼？ 他們完成了什麼？

The Charter of the United Nations,

聯合國憲章，

the Bretton Woods institutions, as they're called, The World Bank,

及一般說的布雷頓森林協定，

世界銀行，國際貨幣基金。

and the International Monetary Fund.

A Marshall Plan for Europe, a devastated Europe,

歐洲的馬歇爾計劃， 滿目瘡痍的歐洲，

to reconstruct it.

他們要重建此地。

And indeed a few years later,

甚至在數年之後，

the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

還有世界人權宣言。

2015 is a year that is similar in its importance

2015 年的重要性

與 1945 年情況類似， 有類似的挑戰也有類似的潛力。

to 1945, with similar challenges and similar potential.

There will be two big summits this year:

今年會有兩大高峰會，

the first one, in September in New York,

第一個會於九月在紐約舉行，

is the summit for the sustainable development goals.

是永續發展目標高峰會。

And then the summit in Paris in December, to give us a climate agreement.

然後十二月在巴黎的高峰會 要給世人一份氣候協議。

The sustainable development goals are intended to help countries

永續發展目標是為了幫助

to live sustainably, in tune with Mother Earth,

各國永續生存， 與孕育萬物的大地融合，

not to take out of Mother Earth and destroy ecosystems,

不要忽略大地，摧毀生態系統，

but rather, to live in harmony with Mother Earth,

而是藉由永續發展與大地和平共存。

by living under sustainable development.

And the sustainable development goals

永續發展目標

will come into operation for all countries

會在全球所有國家

on January 1, 2016.

於 2016 年元旦開始實施。

The climate agreement --

氣候協議──

a binding climate agreement --

具有約束力的氣候協議是必要的，

is needed because of the scientific evidence

因為科學證據顯示

that we're on a trajectory for about a four-degree world

地球目前的趨勢為上升 4 度，

and we have to change course to stay below two degrees.

我們必須改變方向 以維持低於 2 度。

So we need to take steps that will be monitored and reviewed,

所以我們必須採取 能受監測及審查的步驟，

so that we can keep increasing the ambition of how we cut emissions,

才能不斷增強野心， 找出減少溫室氣體排放

and how we move more rapidly to renewable energy,

及加速以再生能源取代的方法，

so that we have a safe world.

讓我們有一個安全的世界。

The reality is that this issue is much too important

現實情況是這個問題太重要了，

to be left to politicians and to the United Nations.

不能留給政治人物及聯合國處理。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

It's an issue for all of us,

這是我們所有人的問題，

and it's an issue where we need more and more momentum.

而且這個問題 需要愈來愈強的動力。

Indeed, the face of the environmentalist has changed,

的確，環保人士的陣容 已經有所改變，

because of the justice dimension.

改變來自於正義的重要性。

It's now an issue for faith-based organizations,

現在這是宗教組織的問題了，

under very good leadership from Pope Francis,

教宗方濟各在這方面領導有方；

and indeed, the Church of England,

當然還有英國國教會，

which is divesting from fossil fuels.

他們拋售化石燃料資產。

It's an issue for the business community,

這也是商業界的問題，

and the good news is

好消息是

that the business community is changing very rapidly --

商業界的改變也非常快速，

except for the fossil fuel industries --

化石燃料產業除外。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

Even they are beginning to slightly change their language --

即使是他們也開始稍微改變語氣，

but only slightly.

不過只有一點點。

But business is not only moving rapidly to the benefits of renewable energy,

企業不但快速行動利用再生能源，

but is urging politicians to give them more signals,

也促使政治人物能給他們更多信號，

so that they can move even more rapidly.

讓他們能加快腳步。

It's an issue for the trade union movement.

這是工會運動的問題。

It's an issue for the women's movement.

這是婦女運動的問題。

It's an issue for young people.

這是年輕人的問題。

I was very struck when I learned that Jibreel Khazan,

我非常驚訝，在我知道 美國種族平權人士吉卜利·勒坎珊

one of the Greensboro Four who had taken part in the Woolworth sit-ins,

──他為「格林斯伯勒四」一員， 曾參與伍爾沃斯公司靜坐抗議事件──

said quite recently that

最近才指出，

climate change is the lunch counter moment for young people.

氣候變遷是年輕人的民權運動。

So, lunch counter moment for young people of the 21st century --

所以， 21 世紀年輕人的民權運動──

the sort of real human rights issue of the 21st century,

21 世紀真正的人權問題，

because he said it is the greatest challenge

因為他說這是對全世界 人類及正義最大的挑戰。

to humanity and justice in our world.

I recall very much the Climate March last September,

我還記得很清楚，去年九月 在紐約舉行的氣候變遷大遊行，

and that was a huge momentum,

氣勢浩大，

not just in New York, but all around the world.

不只在紐約，全世界都是如此，

and we have to build on that.

我們必須乘勢而行。

I was marching with some of The Elders family,

我跟曼德拉開創的「世界長老」 幾位成員一起走，

and I saw a placard a little bit away from me,

然後我看到一張抗議牌， 離我不太遠，

but we were wedged so closely together --

但是我們被擠得很靠近，

because after all, there were 400,000 people out in the streets of New York --

因為畢竟有四十萬人 聚集在紐約街頭上，

so I couldn't quite get to that placard,

所以我無法靠近那面牌子，

I would have just liked to have been able to step behind it,

要不然我真的很想站在 那塊牌子後面，

because it said, "Angry Grannies!"

因為上面寫著：生氣的奶奶！

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

That's what I felt.

那就是我的感受。

And I have five grandchildren now,

我現在有五個孫子。

I feel very happy as an Irish grandmother to have five grandchildren,

我身為愛爾蘭祖母 很開心自己有五個孫子，

and I think about their world,

然後我思索著他們的世界，

and what it will be like when they will share that world

到時會是什麼樣子呢？ 當他們在 2050 年

with about 9 billion other people in 2050.

與九十億人一起同享這個世界 是什麼樣子？

We know that inevitably it will be a climate-constrained world,

我們知道無可避免 那將是受到氣候限制的世界，

because of the emissions we've already put up there,

受制於我們排放的溫室效應氣體；

but it could be a world that is much more equal and much fairer,

但是那也可能 是一個更平等更公平的世界，

and much better for health, and better for jobs

更有利於健康、就業環境、

and better for energy security,

能源安全的世界，

than the world we have now,

比我們現有的還要好，

if we have switched sufficiently and early enough to renewable energy,

只要我們能充分、及早 改變為使用再生能源，

and no one is left behind.

並且不再遺忘任何人，

No one is left behind.

不再遺忘任何人。

And just as we've been looking back this year --

正如我們從今年回首當年──

in 2015 to 1945, looking back 70 years --

從 2015 年看 1945 年， 回顧七十個年頭──

I would like to think that they will look back,

我想他們也會回頭看，

that world will look back 35 years from 2050,

2050 年的世界 也會回顧 35 年前，

35 years to 2015,

35 年前的 2015 年，

and that they will say,

他們會說：

"Weren't they good to do what they did in 2015?

「他們在 2015 年做的不是很好嗎？

We really appreciate that they took the decisions that made a difference,

我們真的很感謝 他們下定決心要扭轉情勢，

and that put the world on the right pathway,

讓這個世界走在正確的路上，

and we benefit now from that pathway,"

所以我們今天才能受惠。」

that they will feel that somehow we took our responsibilities,

他們會覺得我們 或多或少負起了責任，

we did what was done in 1945 in similar terms,

我們與 1945 年的人一樣 做了類似的事，

we didn't miss the opportunity,

我們沒有錯失機會，

we lived up to our responsibilities.

我們堅守了該負的責任。

That's what this year is about.

這就是今年的使命。

And somehow for me,

我總覺得對我而言，

it's captured in words of somebody that I admired very much.

我非常欽佩的人說過一句話 最能捕捉我的感覺。

She was a mentor of mine, she was a friend,

她是我的精神導師，也是個朋友。

she died much too young,

她死得太早，

she was an extraordinary personality,

她有超凡的個性，

a great champion of the environment:

是環境的偉大鬥士：

Wangari Maathai.

旺加里·馬塔伊。

Wangari said once,

旺加里曾說：

"In the course of history,

「在漫漫歷史中，

there comes a time when humanity is called upon

總有一段時間，人類被要求

to shift to a new level of consciousness,

轉變到新的意識狀態，

to reach a higher moral ground."

以達到更高的道德標準。」

And that's what we have to do.

那正是我們該做的。

We have to reach a new level of consciousness,

我們必須達到新的意識狀態，

a higher moral ground.

更高的道德標準。

And we have to do it this year in those two big summits.

我們必須在今年 兩大高峰會中做到這點。

And that won't happen unless we have the momentum

這不會實現，

除非我們從全世界人民得到動力，

from people around the world who say:

大家發聲說：

"We want action now,

「我們現在就要採取行動，

we want to change course,

我們現在就要改變趨勢，

we want a safe world,

我們要一個安全的世界，

a safe world for future generations,

留給後人一個安全的世界，

a safe world for our children and our grandchildren,

留給子孫一個安全的世界，

and we're all in this together."

我們要為此同心協力。」

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）