What your smart devices know (and share) about you | Kashmir Hill and Surya Mattu

翻译人员: Allen King 校对人员: Cynthia Li

Kashmir Hill: So for my birthday last year,

去年我过生日

my husband got me an Amazon Echo.

我的丈夫送给我一个 Amazon Echo。

I was kind of shocked, actually,

实际上我还有点惊讶

because we both work in privacy and security.

因为我俩都从事 隐私与安全方面的工作。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

And this was a device that would sit in the middle of our home

而这是一个安在 我家中的一个设备

with a microphone on,

开着麦克风

constantly listening.

一直在倾听。

We're not alone, though.

并非只有我们这样。

According to a survey by NPR and Edison Research,

根据NPR和Edison Research的调查

one in six American adults now has a smart speaker,

六分之一的成年美国人 都有一个智能音箱，

which means that they have a virtual assistant at home.

这意味着他们 在家里有一个虚拟助手。

Like, that's wild.

这真是无法无天啊!

The future, or the future dystopia, is getting here fast.

未来，或 者说是反乌托邦式的未来， 快来了。

Beyond that, companies are offering us all kinds of internet-connected devices.

除了这个，许多公司给人们 提供了各种能够联网的设备

There are smart lights, smart locks, smart toilets, smart toys,

智能灯，智能锁， 智能马桶，智能玩具

smart sex toys.

智能的性玩具。

Being smart means the device can connect to the internet,

智能意味着设备 可以连接到互联网，

it can gather data,

能收集数据，

and it can talk to its owner.

能与主人交流。

But once your appliances can talk to you,

但是一旦这些电器能跟你交流，

who else are they going to be talking to?

它们还将会和谁交流呢？

I wanted to find out,

我想查明此事，

so I went all-in and turned my one-bedroom apartment in San Francisco

于是我费了一番工夫， 把我在旧金山的一个一居室公寓

into a smart home.

改造成了一个智能房子。

I even connected our bed to the internet.

我甚至把我们的床都连到了互联网。

As far as I know, it was just measuring our sleeping habits.

据我所知， 它仅仅只是判断我们的睡觉习惯

I can now tell you that the only thing worse

我可以告诉你们， 唯一一件

than getting a terrible night's sleep

比没睡好觉还糟的事

is to have your smart bed tell you the next day

就是第二天你的智能床跟你说

that you "missed your goal and got a low sleep score."

“你没达到睡眠目标， 并且得到了一个低睡眠分。”

(Laughter)

（笑声）

It's like, "Thanks, smart bed.

我真想说： “谢谢你，智能的床先生，

As if I didn't already feel like shit today."

好像我今天过的还不够糟似的。“

(Laughter)

(笑声)

All together, I installed 18 internet-connected devices in my home.

我总共在家里安装了 18个联网的设备。

I also installed a Surya.

我还“安装”了一位Surya。

Surya Mattu: Hi, I'm Surya.

嗨，我是Surya！

(Laughter)

（笑声）

I monitored everything the smart home did.

我监视着智能屋做的一切事，

I built a special router that let me look at all the network activity.

我搭建了一个特殊的路由器， 能让我查看所有的网络活动。

You can think of my router sort of like a security guard,

你可以把我的这个路由器 想成一位安保人员，

compulsively logging all the network packets

当网络数据包进出智能屋时

as they entered and left the smart home.

都被强制地记录下来。

KH: Surya and I are both journalists, he's not my husband,

Surya和我都是记者， 他不是我的丈夫

we just work together at Gizmodo.

我们只是一起在Gizmodo工作罢了。

SM: Thank you for clarifying.

谢谢你澄清此事。

The devices Kashmir bought --

我们对Kashmir买的设备

we were interested in understanding

在和它们的制造者交流什么

what they were saying to their manufacturers.

非常感兴趣。

但我们同时也对

But we were also interested in understanding

房子里发出的信息

what the home's digital emissions look like

在网络服务商眼里看起来是什么样子 很感兴趣。

to the internet service provider.

We were seeing what the ISP could see, but more importantly,

我们在看ISP能看见什么， 但更重要的是，

what they could sell.

它们能出卖什么。

我们的实验持续了两个月。

KH: We ran the experiment for two months.

In that two months,

在这两个月里

there wasn't a single hour of digital silence in the house --

房间里没有一个小时的电子静默，

甚至在我们离家的那一周也是。

not even when we went away for a week.

SM: Yeah, it's so true.

确实

Based on the data, I knew when you guys woke up and went to bed.

根据这些数据，我知道你们 什么时候睡觉，什么时候起床。

I even knew when Kashmir brushed her teeth.

我甚至知道Kashmir什么时候刷牙，

I'm not going to out your brushing habits,

我并不是要揭露你的刷牙习惯，

but let's just say it was very clear to me when you were working from home.

但是我得承认我很清楚的知道 你什么时候在家工作

呃，我想你说得够明白了。

KH: Uh, I think you just outed them to, like, a lot of people here.

SM: Don't be embarrassed, it's just metadata.

别尴尬，这只是元数据罢了

我知道你什么时候打开电视， 看多久。

I knew when you turned on your TV and how long you watched it for.

Fun fact about the Hill household:

Hill家有一个有趣的现象：

他们要么不看电视

they don't watch a lot of television,

要么就大看特看

but when they do, it's usually in binge mode.

Favorite shows include "Difficult People" and "Party Down."

他们最喜欢的节目有"难处之人“和 ”派对之后“。

KH: OK, you're right, I loved "Party Down."

没错，我爱死“派对之后”了，

It's a great show, and you should definitely watch it.

是个不错的节目，你真应该看看。

But "Difficult People" was all my husband, Trevor.

“难处之人” 则是我丈夫Trevor看的。

And Trevor was actually a little upset that you knew about his binges,

Trevor在你知道他的喜好后 还有点心烦，

because even though he'd been the one to connect the TV to the router,

因为即使是他自己 将电视连上了路由器，

he forgot that the TV was watching us.

他忘了电视在看着他。

这也不是电视机头一回监视我们。

It's actually not the first time that our TV has spied on us.

The company that made it, VIZIO,

造电视的公司，VIZIO

paid a 2.2 million-dollar settlement to the government just last year,

去年付给政府 220万美元的和解费，

because it had been collecting second-by-second information

因为他们每一秒都在收集信息，

about what millions of people were watching on TV, including us,

关于数百万看电视的人们的信息， 包括我们，

and then it was selling that information to data brokers and advertisers.

然后把这些信息卖给数据经纪人和 广告商。

SM: Ah, classic surveillance economy move.

啊，经典的监督经济之举。

The devices Kashmir bought almost all pinged their servers daily.

Kashmir买的设备几乎每天 都要和他们的服务器联系一下,

But do you know which device was especially chatty?

但是你们知道那个设备话最多吗?

Amazon Echo。

The Amazon Echo.

It contacted its servers every three minutes,

不管你用不用，

regardless of whether you were using it or not.

它每三分钟都与其服务器联系一次。

KH: In general, it was disconcerting

总的来说， 这些都令人不安，

that all these devices were having ongoing conversations

所有设备正在进行的对话

that were invisible to me.

对我来说总是不可见的。

I mean, I would have had no idea, without your router.

要不是你的路由器， 我真的一无所知。

If you buy a smart device, you should probably know --

你应该知道， 如果你买了一件智能设备，

你是设备的拥有者，

you're going to own the device,

但一般来说， 智能设备公司会拥有你的数据。

but in general, the company is going to own your data.

And you know, I mean, maybe that's to be expected --

或许这些都预料的到，

you buy an internet-connected device, it's going to use the internet.

你买一件联网的设备， 它将要使用互联网。

但奇怪的是，现在这些设备 闯进私人空间，我们的家，

But it's strange to have these devices

moving into the intimate space that is the home

and allowing companies to track our really basic behavior there.

让这些公司追踪我们的基本行为。

确实如此。

SM: So true.

Even the most banal-seeming data can be mined by the surveillance economy.

监视经济甚至可以挖掘出 最平庸的数据中蕴含的信息。

For example, who cares how often you brush your teeth?

举个例子， 谁在乎你多久刷一次牙啊？

Well, as it turns out, there's a dental insurance company called Beam.

然而结果是， 有一家叫Beam牙科保险公司，

他们从2015年 就开始监视顾客的智能牙刷，

They've been monitoring their customers' smart toothbrushes since 2015 --

for discounts on their premiums, of course.

当然了，顾客因此可以享受 保费的折扣。

KH: We know what some of you are thinking:

我们知道你们中有人这么想：

this is the contract of the modern world.

这是现代世界的一个合同。

You give up a little privacy,

你放弃一些隐私，

and you get some convenience or some price breaks in return.

然后可以得到一点方便 或者是折扣。

But that wasn't my experience in my smart home.

但在我的智能屋中， 我的经历截然不同。

It wasn't convenient, it was infuriating.

一点也不方便， 很让我生气。

我承认，我喜欢我的智能吸尘器，

I'll admit, I love my smart vacuum,

但是房子里其他东西 快把我弄得发疯了。

but many other things in the house drove me insane:

we ran out of electrical outlets,

电源插座都被用完了，

and I had to download over a dozen apps to my phone

我不得不在手机上下载十几个app

来控制这些东西。

to control everything.

And then every device had its own log-in,

然后每个设备都有自己的登陆方式，

my toothbrush had a password ...

我的牙刷还有个密码呢。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

And smart coffee, especially, was just a world of hell.

尤其是智能咖啡机，真是糟糕透了。

SM: Wait, really? Cloud-powered coffee wasn't really working for you?

等等，真的吗？ 云计算咖啡机不适合你吗？

我可能太天真， 我以为一切都会进展顺利。

KH: I mean, maybe I'm naive, but I thought it was going to be great.

I thought we'd just wake up in the morning and we'd say, "Alexa, make us coffee."

我以为早上起床说：“Alexa， 给我们煮咖啡。”就可以了，

But that's not how it went down.

但事情并不是这样的。

We had to use this really particular, brand-specific phrase to make it work.

我们必须得用具体的， 品牌规定好的短语，

It was, "Alexa, ask the Behmor to run quick start."

我得说：“Alexa， 让 Behmor快速启动。”

在每天早上还未摄入咖啡因前，

And this was just, like, really hard to remember

这真是个非常难记住的

first thing in the morning,

before you have had your caffeine.

首要任务。

（笑声）

(Laughter)

And apparently, it was hard to say,

显然，说这些话很困难

because the Echo Dot that was right next to our bed

因为就在我们床边摆着的Echo Dot

just couldn't understand us.

就是听不懂我们。

So we would basically start every day by screaming this phrase at the Echo Dot.

所以我们都是冲着Echo Dot 大喊来开始每一天。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

And Trevor hated this.

Trevor恨死这些了。

他总说：“求你了Kashmir，

He'd be like, "Please, Kashmir,

就让我去厨房按下那个键 让咖啡机运行起来。”

just let me go to the kitchen and push the button to make the coffee run."

我就说：”不行，你不能这么做！

And I'd be like, "No, you can't!

我们得按照最智能的方式来。”

We have to do it the smart way!"

(Laughter)

（笑声）

I'm happy to report that our marriage survived the experiment,

我很高兴我们的婚姻 撑过了这次试验，

but just barely.

但真的很勉强。

SM: If you decide to make your home smart,

如果你决定要把你家智能化，

hopefully, you’ll find it less infuriating than Kashmir did.

希望你不要像Kashmir那样 被气死。

但无论如何，你买的智能设备

But regardless, the smart things you buy

can and probably are used to target and profile you.

很有可能被用来定位和描述你。

仅仅通过你拥有的智能设备数量

Just the number of devices you have can be used to predict

就能推测出你是贫是富。

how rich or poor you are.

Facebook's made this tech, and they've also patented it.

脸书制作了这项技术， 他们也获得了专利。

KH: All the anxiety you currently feel every time you go online,

现阶段你每次上网感到的

害怕被追踪的焦虑感

about being tracked,

is about to move into your living room.

马上要进入你的客厅

Or into your bedroom.

或者你的卧室了。

There's this sex toy called the We-Vibe.

有一种叫做We-Vibe的性玩具

你可能想知道一个性玩具 为什么还要联网，

You might wonder why a sex toy connects to the internet,

but it's for two people who are in a long-distance relationship,

这是给异地恋的情侣准备的，

这样他们就可以在远处 享受他们的爱。

so they can share their love from afar.

有些黑客仔细研究了这个玩具，

Some hackers took a close look at this toy

and saw it was sending a lot of information

发现这个玩具给它的公司

back to the company that made it --

发送大量的信息。

什么时候使用这个玩具、用多长时间

when it was used, how long it was used for,

what the vibration settings were, how hot the toy got.

震动设定是什么，玩具变得有多热，

It was all going into a database.

这些都要录进数据库。

So I reached out to the company,

所以我联系了这家公司

and I said, "Why are you collecting this really sensitive data?"

我说：“你们为什么要收集 这么敏感的数据啊？”

And they said, "Well, it's great for market research."

他们说：“这是很好的市场调查。”

But they were data-mining their customers' orgasms.

他们在挖掘 消费者性高潮的数据，

And they weren't telling them about it.

而且他们也不会告诉消费者这件事。

I mean, even if you're cavalier about privacy,

就算你对待隐私的态度很前卫，

I hope that you would admit that's a step too far.

我希望你要承认这有点过了。

SM: This is why I want to keep my sex toys dumb.

这就是为什么我还没让 我的性玩具变智能。

KH: That's great.

很好，

We're all very glad to know that.

我们很高兴知道这件事。

（笑声）

(Laughter)

SM: A data point I'm willing to share.

这是我愿意分享的数据点。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

The devices Kashmir bought range from useful to annoying.

Kashmir买的设备 从有用的到让人心烦的都有。

But the thing they all had in common

他们都有一个共同点

was sharing data with the companies that made them.

就是和制造它们的公司分享数据。

With email service providers and social media,

有了电子邮件供应商和 社交媒体的经验，

we've long been told that if it's free, you're the product.

我们长久以来都知道， 如果商品免费，你就是产品。

但是对于互联网来说，

But with the internet of things, it seems,

even if you pay, you're still the product.

即使你付钱了，你还是产品。

So you really have to ask:

所以你真的得想一想

Who's the true beneficiary of your smart home,

谁是你的智能屋的受惠人？

you or the company mining you?

你，还是，挖掘你信息的公司？

KH: Look, we're a tech savvy crowd here.

在座各位都是科技方面的明白人,

I think most of us know that these things connect to the internet

我们大多数人都知道 这些东西都连着网,

然后把数据发出去。

and send data out.

And fine, maybe you're OK with living in that commercial panopticon,

可能你觉得住在一座 商业全景敞视监狱监狱里没事，

but others aren't.

但其他人未必这么想。

We need the companies to rethink the design of these devices

这些公司需要重新考虑 这些设备的设计，

要考虑到我们的隐私。

with our privacy in mind,

because we're not all willing to participate in "market research,"

并非所有人都愿意 仅仅因为买了一个联网的设备

just because a device we bought has a Wi-Fi connection.

就参加一个市场调查。

我必须告诉你，

And I have to tell you,

即使你知道这件事正在发生，

even when you're aware, generally, this is happening,

还是很容易忘记这些普通的居家物品 在监视窥伺着你。

it's really easy to forget that normal household items are spying on you.

It's easy to forget these things are watching you,

你很容易就忘记这些东西在看着你，

因为它们长得并不像摄像头。

because they don't look like cameras.

它们也可以长得像.......

They could look like ...

well, they could look like a dildo.

嗯，它们可以长得像一个假阳具。

Thank you.

谢谢。

(Applause)

（掌声）