From death row to law graduate | Peter Ouko

61,597 views ・ 2018-02-26

TED


Tafadhali bofya mara mbili manukuu ya Kiingereza hapa chini ili kucheza video.

Translator: Nelson Simfukwe Reviewer: Joachim Mangilima
00:12
I want to tell you a story about Manson.
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Nataka niwaambie hadithi inayomuhusu Manson.
00:17
Manson was this 28-year-old interior designer,
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Manson alikuwa mpamba mandhari ya ndani ya nyumba mwenye miaka 28,
00:21
a father to a loving daughter,
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baba mwenye binti anayempenda,
00:23
and a son
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na mvulana
00:25
who found himself behind bars due to a broken-down judicial system.
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aliyejikuta akiingia jela kutokana na mfumo mbovu wa mahakama.
00:30
He was framed for a murder he didn't commit
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Alisingiziwa mauaji ambayo hakuyatenda
00:33
and was sentenced to the gallows.
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na kuhukumiwa kunyongwa.
00:36
There were two victims of this murder -- the victim who actually died in the murder
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Walikuwepo wahanga wawili wa mauaji haya --mhanga mmoja aliyefariki kwenye mauaji
00:40
and Manson, who had been sentenced to prison
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na Manson, ambaye alifungwa gerezani
00:43
for an offense which he did not commit.
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kwa kosa ambalo hakutenda.
00:47
He was locked up in a cell, eight by seven,
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Aliwekwa kwenye chumba cha jela, nane kwa saba,
00:49
with 13 other grown-up men
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na watu wazima wengine 13
00:52
for 23 and a half hours a day.
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kwa masaa 23 na nusu kwa siku.
00:55
Food was not guaranteed that you'd get.
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Hakukuwa na uhakika wa kupata chakula.
00:59
And I remember yesterday,
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Na nakumbuka jana,
01:00
as I walked into the room where I was,
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nikiwa naingia kwenye chumba ambacho nilikuwepo,
01:04
I imagined the kind of cell that Manson would have been living in.
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Nilitafakari namna chumba cha jela ambacho Manson alikuwa akiishi.
01:07
Because the toilet --
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Kwa sababu msalani --
01:09
The row of the small rooms
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Mstari wa vyumba vidogo
01:10
that were there were slightly bigger than the eight-by-seven cell.
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uliokuwepo pale ulikuwa mkubwa kidogo zaidi ya chumba cha jela cha ukubwa wa nane kwa saba.
01:14
But being in that cell as he awaited the executioner --
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Lakini kuwepo ndani ya jela ile akimsubiri mnyongaji --
01:17
because in prison, he did not have a name --
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kwa sababu ndani ya jela, hakuwa na jina --
01:20
Manson was known by a number.
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Manson alikuwa akijulikana kwa namba.
01:22
He was just a statistic.
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Alikuwa ni moja ya takwimu.
01:25
He did not know how long he would wait.
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Hakujua ni kwa muda gani angesubiri.
01:28
The wait could have been a minute,
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Muda wa kusubiri ungewezekana kuwa dakika,
01:30
the executioner could have come the next minute,
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mnyongaji angeweza kuja dakika inayofuata,
01:32
the next day,
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siku inayofuata,
01:33
or it could have taken 30 years.
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au ingechukua miaka 30.
01:37
The wait had no end.
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Ngoja ngoja haikuwa na mwisho.
01:40
And in the midst of the excruciating pain,
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Na katika maumivu makali ya uchungu,
01:43
the mental torture,
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mateso ya kiakili,
01:46
the many unanswered questions that Manson faced,
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maswali mengi yasiyo na majibu aliyokumbana nayo Manson,
01:50
he knew he was not going to play the victim.
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alijua kwamba hatotakiwa kuwa mhanga.
01:53
He refused to play the role of the victim.
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Alikataa kuwa mhanga.
01:56
He was angry at the justice system that had put him behind bars.
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Alighadhabishwa na mfumo wa mahakama uliomuingiza jela.
02:01
But he knew the only way he could change that justice system
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Lakini aligundua kwamba njia pekee ya kubadili mfumo wa haki
02:04
or help other people get justice
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au kusaidia wengine kupata haki
02:06
was not to play the victim.
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ni kukataa kuwa mhanga.
02:09
Change came to Manson when he decided to embrace forgiveness
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Mabadiliko yalikuja kwa Manson alipoamua kujifunza kusamehe
02:13
for those who had put him in prison.
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kwa wale waliomuingiza jela.
02:17
I speak that as a fact.
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Naongea hilo likiwa ni ukweli.
02:20
Because I know who Manson is.
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Kwa sababu namfahamu Manson.
02:24
I am Manson.
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Mimi ni Manson.
02:26
My real name is Peter Manson Ouko.
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Jina langu halisi ni Peter Manson Ouko.
02:30
And after my conviction,
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Na baada ya hukumu yangu,
02:31
after that awakening of forgiveness,
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baada ya kupata uamsho wa kusamehe,
02:35
I had this move
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Nilisonga mbele
02:37
to help change the system.
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katika kusaidia kubadili mfumo.
02:40
I already decided I was not going to be a victim anymore.
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Nilishaamua kwamba sitakuwa mhanga tena.
02:44
But how was I going to help change a system
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Lakini ni kwa namna gani nitasaidia kubadili mfumo
02:46
that was bringing in younger inmates every day
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ambao ulikuwa ukiwafunga jela vijana wadogo kila siku
02:49
who deserve to be with their families?
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ambao wanastahili kuwa na familia zao?
02:52
So I started mobilizing my colleagues in prison, my fellow inmates,
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Kwa hiyo nilianza kuwaunganisha rafiki zangu nikiwa jela, wafungwa wenzangu,
02:56
to write letters and memoranda to the justice system,
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kuandika barua na nakala pacha kwa mfumo wa haki,
03:00
to the Judicial Service Commission,
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kwenda kamisheni ya huduma za mahakama,
03:03
the numerous task forces that had been set up
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baadhi ya mamlaka za dola zilizopo
03:06
in our country, Kenya,
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katika nchi yetu, Kenya,
03:07
to help change the constitution.
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kusaidia kubadili katiba.
03:10
And we decided to grasp at those --
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Na tuliamua kushikilia katika hayo --
03:12
to clutch at those straws, if I may use that word --
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kufumbata mirija hiyo, kama naweza tumia hilo neno --
03:15
if only to make the justice system work,
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ili mradi tu kufanya mfumo wa haki utende kazi sawa,
03:18
and work for all.
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na kwa wote.
03:21
Just about the same time,
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N a katika muda huo huo,
03:22
I met a young university graduate from the UK,
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Nilikutana na mhitimu wa chuo mdogo anayetokea Uingereza,
03:25
called Alexander McLean.
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anayeitwa Alexander McLean.
03:28
Alexander had come in with three or four of his colleagues from university
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Alexander alikuja na wahitimu wenzie watatu au wanne kutoka chuo
03:31
in their gap year,
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katika mwaka wa mapumziko,
03:32
and they wanted to help assist,
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na walitaka kusaidia,
03:35
set up a library in Kamiti Maximum Prison,
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kutengeneza maktaba katika jela ya Kamiti,
03:38
which if you Google,
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ambayo ukitafuta katika Google,
03:39
you will see is written as one of the 15 worst prisons in the world.
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utaona pameandikwa ni moja ya jela 15 mbaya duniani.
03:43
That was then.
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Hiyo ilikuwa kipindi hicho.
03:45
But when Alexander came in,
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Lakini Alexander alipokuja,
03:46
he was a young 20-year-old boy.
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alikuwa na miaka 20.
03:48
And I was on death row at that time.
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Na nilikuwa nikingojea hukumu ya kifo muda ule.
03:51
And we took him under our wing.
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Na alijiunga nasi.
03:53
It was an honest trust issue.
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Ilikuwa ni suala la uaminifu.
03:56
He trusted us, even though we were on death row.
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Alituamini, pamoja na kwamba tulihukumiwa adhabu ya kifo.
03:59
And through that trust,
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Na kupitia uaminifu huo,
04:00
we saw him and his colleagues from the university
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tulimuona yeye na wenzie aliotoka nao chuo
04:03
refurbish the library with the latest technology
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wakikarabati maktaba kwa kutumia teknolojia ya kisasa
04:06
and set up the infirmary to very good standards
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na kuweka zahanati katika hali nzuri
04:10
so that those of us falling sick in prison
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ili kwamba wale kati yetu ambao wataumwa wakiwa jela
04:13
would not necessarily have to die in indignity.
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hawatokufa kwa kukosa heshima.
04:17
Having met Alexander,
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Kwa kuonana na Alexander,
04:20
I had a chance,
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Nilipata nafasi,
04:21
and he gave me the opportunity and the support,
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na alinipa nafasi na msaada,
04:24
to enroll for a university degree at the University of London.
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wa kujiunga na shahada ya chuo katika chuo cha London.
04:28
Just like Mandela studied from South Africa,
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Kama vile Mandela alivyosoma akiwa Afrika Kusini,
04:31
I had a chance to study at Kamiti Maximum Security Prison.
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Nilipata nafasi ya kusoma nikiwa jela ya Kamiti.
04:35
And two years later,
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Na miaka miwili baadaye,
04:37
I became the first graduate of the program
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Nilikuwa muhitimu wa kwanza wa programu
04:39
from the University of London from within the prison system.
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kutokea chuo cha London nikiwa ndani ya mfumo wa jela.
04:44
Having graduated, what happened next --
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Baada ya kuhitimu, kipi kilifuata --
04:46
(Applause)
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(Makofi)
04:50
Thank you.
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Asante.
04:51
(Applause)
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(Makofi)
04:52
Having graduated,
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Baada ya kuhitimu,
04:54
now I felt empowered.
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nilijihisi kuwezeshwa.
04:56
I was not going to play the helpless victim.
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Nilikuwa tena siyo mhanga nisiye na msaada.
04:58
But I felt empowered not only to assist myself,
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Lakini nilijihisi kuwezeshwa sio tu kwa kujisaidia mwenyewe,
05:01
to prosecute my own case,
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kushughulikia kesi yangu,
05:03
but also to assist the other inmates
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lakini pia kusaidia wafungwa wengine
05:06
who are suffering the similar injustices that have just been spoken about here.
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ambao wanapitia mfumo mbovu unaofanana na huu ambao umeongelewa hapa.
05:11
So I started writing legal briefs for them.
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Kwa hiyo nilianza kuwaandikia nakala ya kisheria.
05:13
With my other colleagues in prison, we did as much as we could.
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Na mwenzangu niliyekuwa nae jela, tulifanya kila linalowezekana.
05:19
That wasn't enough.
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Hiyo haikutosha.
05:23
Alexander McLean
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Alexander McLean
05:24
and his team at the African Prisons Project
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na timu yake ya mradi wa jela zilizopo Afrika
05:28
decided to support more inmates.
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waliamua kusaidia wafungwa wengi zaidi.
05:30
And as I'm speaking to you today,
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Na ninapoongea na wewe leo.
05:32
there are 63 inmates and staff in the Kenya Prison Service
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wapo wafungwa na maofisa 63 katika huduma ya jela za Kenya
05:36
studying law at the University of London through distance learning.
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wakisoma sheria katika chuo cha London kwa kupitia kujifunza kwa umbali.
05:40
(Applause)
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(Makofi)
05:45
These are changemakers who are being motivated
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Kuna waleta mabadiliko ambao wanahamishwa
05:49
not only to assist the most indolent in society,
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sio tu kusaidia walio wanyonge katika jamii,
05:52
but also to help the inmates and others get access to justice.
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lakini pia kusaidia wafungwa na wengine kupata nafasi katika haki.
05:59
Down there in my prison cell, something kept stirring me.
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Katika chumba cha jela nilichokuwepo, kuna kitu kilikuwa kikinikoroga.
06:03
The words of Martin Luther King kept hitting me.
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Maneno ya Martin Luther King yalikuwa yakinijia.
06:07
And he was always telling me, "Pete, if you can't fly,
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Na alikuwa akiniambia muda wote, "Pete, kama huwezi kupaa,
06:12
you can run.
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unaweza kukimbia.
06:14
And if you can't run,
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Na kama huwezi kukimbia,
06:16
you can walk.
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unaweza kutembea.
06:18
But if you can't walk,
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Lakini kama huwezi kutembea,
06:20
then you can crawl.
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unaweza kutambaa.
06:22
But whatever it is, whatever it takes,
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Lakini vyovyote, namna yoyote itavyogharimu,
06:24
just keep on moving."
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endelea kusonga mbele."
06:26
And so I had this urge to keep moving.
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Kwa hiyo nikawa na shauku ya kusonga mbele.
06:29
I still have this urge to keep moving in whatever I do.
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Bado nina hii shauku ya kusonga mbele katika kila ninalofanya.
06:31
Because I feel the only way we can change our society,
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Kwa sababu nahisi njia pekee tunayoweza kubadili jamii yetu,
06:35
the only way we can change the justice system --
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njia pekee tunayoweza kubadili mfumo wa haki --
06:37
which has really improved in our country --
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ambao umekuwa na maboresho makubwa nchini kwetu --
06:39
is to help get the systems right.
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ni kusaidia kuweka mifumo sawa.
06:42
So, on 26th October last year, after 18 years in prison,
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Kwa hiyo, mnamo tarehe 26 mwezi Oktoba mwaka uliopita, baada ya kutumikia miaka 18 jela,
06:47
I walked out of prison on presidential pardon.
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Nilitoka jela kwa msamaha wa raisi.
06:51
I'm now focused on helping APP -- the African Prisons Project --
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Sasa hivi nimejikita katika kusaidia APP -- mradi wa jela zilizopo Afrika --
06:54
achieve its mandate of training and setting up
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kufanikisha matwaka yake ya mafunzo na kuweka
06:57
the first law school and legal college behind bars.
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shule ya kwanza ya sheria na haki ndani ya jela.
07:01
Where we are going to train --
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Ambapo tutafundisha --
07:03
(Applause)
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(Makofi)
07:06
Where we are going to train inmates and staff
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Ambapo tutafundisha wafungwa na maofisa
07:10
not only to assist their fellow inmates,
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sio tu kwa ajili ya kusaidia wafungwa wenzao,
07:12
but to assist the entire wider society of the poor
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lakini kusaidia jamii nzima ya masikini
07:15
who cannot access legal justice.
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ambao hawawezi kupata msaada wa kisheria na haki.
07:19
So as I speak before you today,
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Kwa hiyo ninaongea mbele yenu leo,
07:21
I stand here in the full knowledge that we can all reexamine ourselves,
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Nasimama hapa nikiwa na maarifa kamili kwamba tunaweza kujitathmini wenyewe,
07:27
we can all reexamine our situations,
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tunaweza tathmini hali zetu,
07:30
we can all reexamine our circumstances
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tunaweza wote kutathmini namna zetu
07:33
and not play the victim narrative.
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na kutoelezea kuhusu wahanga.
07:36
The victim narrative will not take us anywhere.
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Kuelezea kuhusu wahanga hakutatupeleka popote pale.
07:40
I was behind bars, yeah.
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Nilikuwa jela, ndiyo.
07:42
But I never felt and I was not a prisoner.
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Lakini sijawahi kujihisi na sikuwa mfungwa.
07:48
The basic thing I got to learn
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Kitu cha msingi nilichojifunza
07:50
was that if I thought,
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ni kwamba kama ningewaza,
07:52
and if you think, you can,
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na kama unawaza, unaweza,
07:55
you will.
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utaweza.
07:56
But if you sit thinking that you can't,
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Lakini kama unakaa unawaza hauwezi,
07:59
you won't.
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hautaweza.
08:01
It's as simple as that.
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Ni rahisi kama hivyo.
08:04
And so I'm encouraged by the peaceful revolutionaries
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Na ninapata tumaini kutokana na mapinduzi ya amani
08:06
I've heard on this stage.
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niliyosikia katika hatua hii.
08:08
The world needs you now, the world needs you today.
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Dunia inakuhitaji sasa, dunia inakuhitaji leo.
08:12
And as I finish my talk,
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Na ninapomaliza hii hotuba yangu,
08:15
I'd just like to ask each and every single one of you here,
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Ninapendelea kuuliza kila mmoja wenu hapa,
08:19
wonderful thinkers, changemakers, innovators,
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wasomi wakuu, waleta mabadiliko, wavumbuzi,
08:23
the wonderful global citizens we have at TED,
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watu wote kutoka ulimwenguni mliopo hapa TED,
08:26
just remember the words of Martin Luther King.
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kumbuka maneno ya Martin Luther King.
08:29
Let them continue ringing in your heart and your life.
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Yaache yaendelee kusikika katika moyo na maisha yako.
08:33
Whatever it is,
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Vyovyote ilivyo,
08:35
wherever you are,
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popote ulipo,
08:36
whatever it takes,
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chochote inachogharimu,
08:38
keep on moving.
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endelea mbele.
08:39
Thank you.
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Asante.
08:40
(Applause)
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(Makofi)
08:44
Thank you.
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Asante.
08:45
(Applause)
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(Makofi)
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