From death row to law graduate | Peter Ouko

62,379 views ใƒป 2018-02-26

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Itay Galilee ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
I want to tell you a story about Manson.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื ืกื•ืŸ.
00:17
Manson was this 28-year-old interior designer,
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ืžื ืกื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืžืขืฆื‘ ืคื ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 28,
00:21
a father to a loving daughter,
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ืื‘ื ืœื™ืœื“ื” ืื•ื”ื‘ืช,
00:23
and a son
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ื•ืœื™ืœื“
00:25
who found himself behind bars due to a broken-down judicial system.
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ืฉืžืฆื ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืžืื—ืจื™ ืกื•ืจื’ ื•ื‘ืจื™ื— ื‘ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ ืงืœื•ืงืœืช.
00:30
He was framed for a murder he didn't commit
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืคืœืœ ื‘ืจืฆื— ืฉืœื ื‘ื™ืฆืข
00:33
and was sentenced to the gallows.
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ื•ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ืœืชืœื™ื”.
00:36
There were two victims of this murder -- the victim who actually died in the murder
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ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื™ ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืœืจืฆื— ื”ื–ื” -- ื”ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืฉืžืช ื‘ืจืฆื— ื”ื–ื”
00:40
and Manson, who had been sentenced to prison
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ื•ืžื ืกื•ืŸ, ืฉื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ืœืžืืกืจ
00:43
for an offense which he did not commit.
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ื‘ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื ื‘ื™ืฆืข.
00:47
He was locked up in a cell, eight by seven,
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื ืขื•ืœ ื‘ืชื, ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืฉื‘ืขื” ืžื˜ืจื™ื,
00:49
with 13 other grown-up men
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ืขื 13 ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื
00:52
for 23 and a half hours a day.
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ืœ-23 ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื.
00:55
Food was not guaranteed that you'd get.
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ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื‘ื˜ื— ืฉืชืงื‘ืœ.
00:59
And I remember yesterday,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื ื–ื›ืจ ืืชืžื•ืœ,
01:00
as I walked into the room where I was,
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ื›ืฉื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœื—ื“ืจ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื™,
01:04
I imagined the kind of cell that Manson would have been living in.
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ืชื™ ืืช ืกื•ื’ ื”ืชื ืฉื‘ื• ืžื ืกื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™.
01:07
Because the toilet --
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื --
01:09
The row of the small rooms
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ืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื—ื“ืจื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื
01:10
that were there were slightly bigger than the eight-by-seven cell.
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ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืžืขื˜ ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉื‘ืขื” ืขืœ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืžื˜ืจื™ื.
01:14
But being in that cell as he awaited the executioner --
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื ื”ื–ื” ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื›ื” ืœืชืœื™ื™ืŸ --
01:17
because in prison, he did not have a name --
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื‘ื›ืœื, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืฉื --
01:20
Manson was known by a number.
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ืžื ืกื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคืจ.
01:22
He was just a statistic.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืจืง ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื”.
01:25
He did not know how long he would wait.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื“ืข ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ ื™ื—ื›ื”.
01:28
The wait could have been a minute,
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ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื™ื›ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ืงื”,
01:30
the executioner could have come the next minute,
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ื”ืชืœื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื›ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื“ืงื”,
01:32
the next day,
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ื,
01:33
or it could have taken 30 years.
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ืื• ืฉื™ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชืขื›ื‘ 30 ืฉื ื™ื.
01:37
The wait had no end.
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ืœื”ืžืชื ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืกื•ืฃ.
01:40
And in the midst of the excruciating pain,
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ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ื›ืื‘ ื”ืžื™ื™ืกืจ,
01:43
the mental torture,
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ื”ืขื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืžื ื˜ืืœื™,
01:46
the many unanswered questions that Manson faced,
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ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืœื ืคืชื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืฆื‘ื• ื‘ืคื ื™ ืžื ืกื•ืŸ,
01:50
he knew he was not going to play the victim.
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ื”ื•ื ื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ.
01:53
He refused to play the role of the victim.
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ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืจื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ.
01:56
He was angry at the justice system that had put him behind bars.
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ื”ื•ื ื›ืขืก ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉื”ืฆื™ื‘ื” ืื•ืชื• ืžืื—ืจื™ ืกื•ืจื’ ื•ื‘ืจื™ื—.
02:01
But he knew the only way he could change that justice system
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ืืš ื”ื•ื ื™ื“ืข ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื‘ื” ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜
02:04
or help other people get justice
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ืื• ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื“ืง
02:06
was not to play the victim.
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ื”ื™ื ืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ.
02:09
Change came to Manson when he decided to embrace forgiveness
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ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžื ืกื•ืŸ ื›ืฉื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœืืžืฅ ืืœ ืœื™ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืกืœื—ื ื•ืช
02:13
for those who had put him in prison.
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ื›ืœืคื™ ืืœื• ืฉืฉืžื• ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื›ืœื.
02:17
I speak that as a fact.
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ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื–ืืช ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ื”.
02:20
Because I know who Manson is.
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ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื™ ื–ื” ืžื ืกื•ืŸ.
02:24
I am Manson.
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ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื•ืŸ.
02:26
My real name is Peter Manson Ouko.
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ืฉืžื™ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื”ื•ื ืคื™ื˜ืจ ืžื ืกื•ืŸ ืื•ืงื•.
02:30
And after my conviction,
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ื•ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืจืฉืขืชื™,
02:31
after that awakening of forgiveness,
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ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื”ืกืœื—ื ื•ืช,
02:35
I had this move
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ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืฆืขื“ ื”ื–ื”
02:37
to help change the system.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช.
02:40
I already decided I was not going to be a victim anymore.
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ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืฉืœื ืื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืขื•ื“.
02:44
But how was I going to help change a system
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ืืš ืื™ืš ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช
02:46
that was bringing in younger inmates every day
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ืฉื”ืจืฉื™ืขื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื
02:49
who deserve to be with their families?
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ืฉื”ื™ื• ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืžืฉืคื—ืชื?
02:52
So I started mobilizing my colleagues in prison, my fellow inmates,
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ืื– ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœื’ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ื‘ื›ืœื, ืขืžื™ืชื™ื™ ืœืžืชืงืŸ ื”ื›ืœื™ืื”,
02:56
to write letters and memoranda to the justice system,
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ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื•ืชื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜,
03:00
to the Judicial Service Commission,
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ืœื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”,
03:03
the numerous task forces that had been set up
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ืœื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืงืžื•
03:06
in our country, Kenya,
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ื‘ืืจืฆื ื•, ืงื ื™ื”,
03:07
to help change the constitution.
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ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืงื”.
03:10
And we decided to grasp at those --
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ื•ื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœืชืคื•ืก ื‘ืืœื• --
03:12
to clutch at those straws, if I may use that word --
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ืœืื—ื•ื– ื‘ืงืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื•, ืื ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• --
03:15
if only to make the justice system work,
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ื•ืœื• ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“,
03:18
and work for all.
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ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื›ื•ืœื.
03:21
Just about the same time,
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
03:22
I met a young university graduate from the UK,
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ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ื‘ื•ื’ืจ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ ืฆืขื™ืจ,
03:25
called Alexander McLean.
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ืฉืฉืžื• ืืœื›ืกื ื“ืจ ืžืงืœื™ืŸ.
03:28
Alexander had come in with three or four of his colleagues from university
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ืืœื›ืกื ื“ืจ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืขื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืื• ืืจื‘ืขื” ืงื•ืœื’ื•ืช ืžื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”
03:31
in their gap year,
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ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ืจื•ื•ื— ืฉืœื”ื,
03:32
and they wanted to help assist,
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ื•ื”ื ืจืฆื• ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืกื™ื™ืข
03:35
set up a library in Kamiti Maximum Prison,
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ื‘ื”ืงืžืช ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกื•ื”ืจ ื‘ืื‘ื˜ื—ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืงืืžื™ื˜ื™,
03:38
which if you Google,
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ืฉืื ืชื—ืคืฉื• ื‘ื’ื•ื’ืœ,
03:39
you will see is written as one of the 15 worst prisons in the world.
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ืชืžืฆืื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื›ืชื‘ ื›ืื—ื“ ืž-15 ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกื•ื”ืจ ื”ื’ืจื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
03:43
That was then.
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ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ืื–.
03:45
But when Alexander came in,
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ืืš ื›ืฉืืœื›ืกื ื“ืจ ื”ื’ื™ืข,
03:46
he was a young 20-year-old boy.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืฆืขื™ืจ ื‘ืŸ 20.
03:48
And I was on death row at that time.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื ื™ื“ื•ื ื™ื ืœืžื•ื•ืช.
03:51
And we took him under our wing.
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ื•ืœืงื—ื ื• ืื•ืชื• ืชื—ืช ื—ืกื•ืชื ื•.
03:53
It was an honest trust issue.
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ืืžื•ืŸ ื›ื ื”.
03:56
He trusted us, even though we were on death row.
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ื”ื•ื ืกืžืš ืขืœื™ื ื•, ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื ื™ื“ื•ื ื™ื ืœืžื•ื•ืช.
03:59
And through that trust,
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ื•ื“ืจืš ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”,
04:00
we saw him and his colleagues from the university
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ืจืื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื• ื•ืืช ืขืžื™ืชื™ื• ืžื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”
04:03
refurbish the library with the latest technology
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ืžื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
04:06
and set up the infirmary to very good standards
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ื•ืžืฉืคืจื™ื ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืžืจืคืื” ืœืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืื•ื“.
04:10
so that those of us falling sick in prison
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ืืกื™ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื•
04:13
would not necessarily have to die in indignity.
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ื™ื–ื›ื• ืื•ืœื™ ืœื ืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืกืจ ื›ื‘ื•ื“.
04:17
Having met Alexander,
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ื‘ืคื’ื™ืฉืชื™ ืืช ืืœื›ืกื ื“ืจ,
04:20
I had a chance,
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™,
04:21
and he gave me the opportunity and the support,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื•ืืช ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื”,
04:24
to enroll for a university degree at the University of London.
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ืœื”ืจืฉื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ.
04:28
Just like Mandela studied from South Africa,
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžื ื“ืœื” ืœืžื“ ืžื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงื”,
04:31
I had a chance to study at Kamiti Maximum Security Prison.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกื•ื”ืจ ื‘ืื‘ื˜ื—ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืงืืžื™ื˜ื™.
04:35
And two years later,
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ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื,
04:37
I became the first graduate of the program
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ื”ืคื›ืชื™ ืœื‘ื•ื’ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื
04:39
from the University of London from within the prison system.
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ืžืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ืชืœื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกื•ื”ืจ.
04:44
Having graduated, what happened next --
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ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืกื™ื™ืžืชื™ ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื™, ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ืื—"ื› --
04:46
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
04:50
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
04:51
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
04:52
Having graduated,
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ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืกื™ื™ืžืชื™ ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื™,
04:54
now I felt empowered.
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ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืžื•ืขืฆื.
04:56
I was not going to play the helpless victim.
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ืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ื—ืกืจ ื”ื™ืฉืข.
04:58
But I felt empowered not only to assist myself,
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ืืš ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืžื•ืขืฆื ืœื ืจืง ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื™,
05:01
to prosecute my own case,
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ืœืชืช ืกื™ื•ืข ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœื™,
05:03
but also to assist the other inmates
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ืืœื ื’ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืืกื™ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื
05:06
who are suffering the similar injustices that have just been spoken about here.
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ืฉืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฆื“ืง ืฉืฉื•ื—ื—ื ื• ืขืœื™ื• ืžืงื•ื“ื.
05:11
So I started writing legal briefs for them.
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ื›ืš ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืชืงืฆื™ืจื™ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื.
05:13
With my other colleagues in prison, we did as much as we could.
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ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืขืžื™ืชื™ื™ ืœื›ืœื, ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื›ืœื ื•.
05:19
That wasn't enough.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืกืคื™ืง.
05:23
Alexander McLean
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ืืœื›ืกื ื“ืจ ืžืงืœื™ืŸ
05:24
and his team at the African Prisons Project
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ื•ืงื‘ื•ืฆืชื• ื‘"ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื›ืœื ื”ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื™ื"
05:28
decided to support more inmates.
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ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืืกื™ืจื™ื.
05:30
And as I'm speaking to you today,
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ื•ื‘ืขื•ื“ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื›ื ื”ื™ื•ื,
05:32
there are 63 inmates and staff in the Kenya Prison Service
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ื™ืฉื ื ื›-63 ืืกื™ืจื™ื ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ ืกื’ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกื•ื”ืจ ืฉืœ ืงื ื™ื”
05:36
studying law at the University of London through distance learning.
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ื”ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืœืžื™ื“ื” ืžืจื—ื•ืง.
05:40
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
05:45
These are changemakers who are being motivated
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ืืœื• ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื”
05:49
not only to assist the most indolent in society,
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ืœื ืจืง ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžืงื•ืคื—ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”,
05:52
but also to help the inmates and others get access to justice.
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ืืœื ื’ื ืœืืกื™ืจื™ื ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืฆื“ืง.
05:59
Down there in my prison cell, something kept stirring me.
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ื‘ืชื ื”ื›ืœื ืฉืœื™ ืฉื ืœืžื˜ื”, ืžืฉื”ื• ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืื•ืชื™.
06:03
The words of Martin Luther King kept hitting me.
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ืžื™ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžืจื˜ื™ืŸ ืœื•ืชืจ ืงื™ื ื’ ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœื”ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™.
06:07
And he was always telling me, "Pete, if you can't fly,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืืžืจ ืœื™, "ืคื™ื˜, ืื ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื•ืฃ,
06:12
you can run.
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจื•ืฅ.
06:14
And if you can't run,
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ื•ืื ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจื•ืฅ,
06:16
you can walk.
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœื›ืช.
06:18
But if you can't walk,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืœื›ืช,
06:20
then you can crawl.
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ืื– ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื–ื—ื•ืœ.
06:22
But whatever it is, whatever it takes,
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ืืš ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืžื” ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ, ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ืžื” ื–ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ,
06:24
just keep on moving."
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ืชืžื™ื“ ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื”."
06:26
And so I had this urge to keep moving.
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ืื– ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ื”ื–ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื”.
06:29
I still have this urge to keep moving in whatever I do.
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื“ื—ืฃ ื”ื–ื” ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื”.
06:31
Because I feel the only way we can change our society,
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ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื‘ื” ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•,
06:35
the only way we can change the justice system --
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ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื‘ื” ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ -
06:37
which has really improved in our country --
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ืฉื”ืฉืชืคืจื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœื ื• --
06:39
is to help get the systems right.
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ื”ื™ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืชืงื™ื ื”.
06:42
So, on 26th October last year, after 18 years in prison,
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ืื–, ื‘-26 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ืืฉืชืงื“, ืœืื—ืจ 18 ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœื,
06:47
I walked out of prison on presidential pardon.
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ื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจืชื™ ืžื”ื›ืœื ื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื” ื ืฉื™ืื•ืชื™ืช,
06:51
I'm now focused on helping APP -- the African Prisons Project --
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ื›ืขืช ืื ื™ ืžืžื•ืงื“ ื‘ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœ APP -- "ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื›ืœื ื”ืืคืจื™ืงืื™" --
06:54
achieve its mandate of training and setting up
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ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ืžื ื“ื˜ ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ื•ืœื”ืงื™ื
06:57
the first law school and legal college behind bars.
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ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ืงื•ืœื’' ืœืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื‘ื™ืช ื›ืœื.
07:01
Where we are going to train --
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ืฉื ืื ื• ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ --
07:03
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
07:06
Where we are going to train inmates and staff
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ืฉื ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ืืกื™ืจื™ื ื•ืกื’ืœ
07:10
not only to assist their fellow inmates,
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ืœื ืจืง ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ื”ืืกื™ืจื™ื,
07:12
but to assist the entire wider society of the poor
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ืืœื ื’ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื›ืœ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
07:15
who cannot access legal justice.
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ืœื”ื ืื™ืŸ ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืฆื“ืง ืžืฉืคื˜ื™.
07:19
So as I speak before you today,
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ื”ื™ื•ื,
07:21
I stand here in the full knowledge that we can all reexamine ourselves,
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ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื•,
07:27
we can all reexamine our situations,
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื˜ื•ืืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
07:30
we can all reexamine our circumstances
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
07:33
and not play the victim narrative.
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ื•ืœื ืœืฉื—ืง ืขืœ ื ืจืื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ.
07:36
The victim narrative will not take us anywhere.
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ื ืจืื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืœื ื™ื™ืงื— ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื.
07:40
I was behind bars, yeah.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืื—ืจื™ ืกื•ืจื’ ื•ื‘ืจื™ื—, ื›ืŸ.
07:42
But I never felt and I was not a prisoner.
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ืืš ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื•ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืืกื™ืจ.
07:48
The basic thing I got to learn
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™
07:50
was that if I thought,
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ื”ื™ื” ืฉืื ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™,
07:52
and if you think, you can,
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ื•ืื ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื,
07:55
you will.
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ืืชื ืชืฆืœื™ื—ื•.
07:56
But if you sit thinking that you can't,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืชืฉื‘ื• ื•ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉืœื ืชืฆืœื™ื—ื•,
07:59
you won't.
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ืœื ืชืฆืœื™ื—ื•.
08:01
It's as simple as that.
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ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข.
08:04
And so I'm encouraged by the peaceful revolutionaries
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ื•ื›ืš ืื ื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื“ ืข"ื™ ื”ืžื”ืคื›ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉืœื•ื
08:06
I've heard on this stage.
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ืฉืฉืžืขืชื™ ืขืœ ื‘ืžื” ื–ื•.
08:08
The world needs you now, the world needs you today.
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ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืืชื›ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืืชื›ื ื”ื™ื•ื.
08:12
And as I finish my talk,
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ื•ื›ืฉืืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืจืฆืืชื™,
08:15
I'd just like to ask each and every single one of you here,
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ืืฉืžื— ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื›ื ื›ืืŸ,
08:19
wonderful thinkers, changemakers, innovators,
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ื”ื•ื’ื™ ื“ืขื•ืช ื ืคืœืื™ื, ืžื—ื•ืœืœื™ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื, ืžืžืฆื™ืื™ื,
08:23
the wonderful global citizens we have at TED,
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ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื™ื ื”ื ืคืœืื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘TED,
08:26
just remember the words of Martin Luther King.
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ืจืง ืชื–ื›ืจื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืจื˜ื™ืŸ ืœื•ืชืจ ืงื™ื ื’.
08:29
Let them continue ringing in your heart and your life.
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ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื”ืŸ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ื“ื”ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื›ื ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื›ื.
08:33
Whatever it is,
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ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ืžื” ื–ื”,
08:35
wherever you are,
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ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืืชื,
08:36
whatever it takes,
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ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ืžื” ื ื“ืจืฉ,
08:38
keep on moving.
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ืชืžื™ื“ ืชื”ื™ื• ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื”.
08:39
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
08:40
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
08:44
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
08:45
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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