From death row to law graduate | Peter Ouko

翻译人员: Yan Gao 校对人员: Lipeng Chen

I want to tell you a story about Manson.

我想给大家讲讲曼森的故事。

Manson was this 28-year-old interior designer,

曼森是个28岁的室内设计师，

a father to a loving daughter,

育有一个可爱的女儿

and a son

和一个儿子，

who found himself behind bars due to a broken-down judicial system.

他由于腐朽的司法系统 而身陷囹圄。

He was framed for a murder he didn't commit

他被陷害一宗并不是 他犯下的谋杀罪，

and was sentenced to the gallows.

并被判处绞刑。

There were two victims of this murder -- the victim who actually died in the murder

这件谋杀案有两名受害者—— 真正死于谋杀案的死者，

and Manson, who had been sentenced to prison

还有曼森，

因为他不是作案人却被判入狱。

for an offense which he did not commit.

He was locked up in a cell, eight by seven,

他被关进一间牢房，8x7大，

with 13 other grown-up men

还有另外13名成年男人，

for 23 and a half hours a day.

每天关23个半小时。

Food was not guaranteed that you'd get.

食物没有保障。

And I remember yesterday,

我记得昨天，

as I walked into the room where I was,

在我走进我的房间时，

I imagined the kind of cell that Manson would have been living in.

我想象着曼森身处的那间牢房。

Because the toilet --

因为厕所——

The row of the small rooms

那一排小隔间

that were there were slightly bigger than the eight-by-seven cell.

比8x7的牢房还稍微大一点。

But being in that cell as he awaited the executioner --

但是当他在那间牢房里 等待行刑的时候——

because in prison, he did not have a name --

在监狱里，他没有名字——

Manson was known by a number.

曼森是一个编号。

He was just a statistic.

他只是一个数字。

He did not know how long he would wait.

他不知道会等多久。

The wait could have been a minute,

那等待可能是一分钟，

the executioner could have come the next minute,

行刑可能下一分钟就会发生，

the next day,

或者第二天，

or it could have taken 30 years.

又或者要等30年。

The wait had no end.

等待没有终点。

And in the midst of the excruciating pain,

而在曼森所面临的极度痛苦、

the mental torture,

精神折磨、

the many unanswered questions that Manson faced,

许多悬而未决的问题中，

he knew he was not going to play the victim.

他知道他不会甘做受害者。

He refused to play the role of the victim.

他拒绝扮演受害者的角色。

He was angry at the justice system that had put him behind bars.

他对那个把他关进监狱的 司法系统感到愤怒。

But he knew the only way he could change that justice system

但是他知道改变司法制度或

or help other people get justice

帮助别人伸张正义的唯一方法

was not to play the victim.

就是不要扮演受害者。

Change came to Manson when he decided to embrace forgiveness

当曼森决定宽恕那些 把他送进监狱的人时，

for those who had put him in prison.

他变了。

I speak that as a fact.

我说的这些是事实。

Because I know who Manson is.

因为我知道曼森是谁，

I am Manson.

我就是曼森。

My real name is Peter Manson Ouko.

我的全名是彼得·曼森·奥科。

And after my conviction,

在我定罪之后，

after that awakening of forgiveness,

在宽恕的心觉醒之后，

I had this move

我开始行动

to help change the system.

来帮助改变这个制度。

I already decided I was not going to be a victim anymore.

我已经决定自己不再做受害者了。

But how was I going to help change a system

但是我怎样才能帮助

that was bringing in younger inmates every day

改变这个每天

把本应和家人在一起的 年轻人关进监狱的制度呢？

who deserve to be with their families?

So I started mobilizing my colleagues in prison, my fellow inmates,

于是我开始动员监狱里的 同事——我的狱友们

to write letters and memoranda to the justice system,

写信和备忘录给司法系统、

to the Judicial Service Commission,

给司法服务委员会、

the numerous task forces that had been set up

给我们的国家肯尼亚设立的

众多权力机构，

in our country, Kenya,

to help change the constitution.

以帮助改变宪法。

And we decided to grasp at those --

我们决定抓住那些——

to clutch at those straws, if I may use that word --

如果我可以这么说：抓住那些稻草——

if only to make the justice system work,

只是为了让司法系统正常运转，

and work for all.

并且是为每一个人运转。

Just about the same time,

几乎在同一时间，

I met a young university graduate from the UK,

我遇到一位来自英国的年轻大学生，

called Alexander McLean.

名叫亚历山大·麦克莱恩。

Alexander had come in with three or four of his colleagues from university

亚历山大和三、四个大学同学

在空档年一起来到我们这，

in their gap year,

and they wanted to help assist,

他们想提供协助，

set up a library in Kamiti Maximum Prison,

在卡米缇最高警戒监狱建立一个图书馆，

which if you Google,

你可以用谷歌搜一下，

you will see is written as one of the 15 worst prisons in the world.

这监狱位列世界上最差的15个监狱。

That was then.

当时是这样。

But when Alexander came in,

但亚历山大来时，

he was a young 20-year-old boy.

他还是个20岁的年轻男孩。

And I was on death row at that time.

那时我是死囚犯。

And we took him under our wing.

我们把他收到自己翼下。

It was an honest trust issue.

这是个诚信问题。

He trusted us, even though we were on death row.

他信任我们，即使我们被判死罪。

And through that trust,

通过这种信任，

we saw him and his colleagues from the university

我们看到他和他的大学同学

用最新的技术来翻新图书馆，

refurbish the library with the latest technology

and set up the infirmary to very good standards

并且把医务室建成很高的标准，

so that those of us falling sick in prison

这样我们在监狱里生病的人

would not necessarily have to die in indignity.

就不必毫无尊严地死去。

Having met Alexander,

因为遇到亚历山大，

I had a chance,

我得到一个契机，

and he gave me the opportunity and the support,

是他给了我机会和支持，

to enroll for a university degree at the University of London.

去攻读伦敦大学的学士学位。

Just like Mandela studied from South Africa,

就像曼德拉在南非学习一样，

I had a chance to study at Kamiti Maximum Security Prison.

我获得了在卡米缇 最高警戒监狱学习的机会。

And two years later,

两年后，

I became the first graduate of the program

我成为伦敦大学的

from the University of London from within the prison system.

第一个从监狱系统毕业的人。

Having graduated, what happened next --

毕业后，接下来——

(Applause)

（掌声）

Thank you.

谢谢。

(Applause)

（掌声）

Having graduated,

毕业了，

现在我觉得充满力量。

now I felt empowered.

我不会去做无助的受害者。

I was not going to play the helpless victim.

But I felt empowered not only to assist myself,

而是我感到有力量去 不仅帮助自己，

to prosecute my own case,

对我自己的案件提起诉讼，

but also to assist the other inmates

而且去帮助刚刚提到的那些

who are suffering the similar injustices that have just been spoken about here.

正在遭受类似的 不公正待遇的其他犯人。

So I started writing legal briefs for them.

于是我开始为他们 撰写案情摘要。

With my other colleagues in prison, we did as much as we could.

我和监狱里其他人一起， 尽我们所能。

That wasn't enough.

这还不够。

Alexander McLean

非洲监狱项目的亚历山大·麦克莱恩

and his team at the African Prisons Project

和他的团队

decided to support more inmates.

决定支持更多的囚犯。

And as I'm speaking to you today,

到目前，

there are 63 inmates and staff in the Kenya Prison Service

肯尼亚监狱系统有 63名囚犯和工作人员

studying law at the University of London through distance learning.

通过远程学习 在伦敦大学攻读法律。

(Applause)

（掌声）

These are changemakers who are being motivated

他们是改革家，

他们的动力不仅是为了 帮助社会上最懒惰的人，

not only to assist the most indolent in society,

but also to help the inmates and others get access to justice.

而且还帮助囚犯和其他人伸张正义。

Down there in my prison cell, something kept stirring me.

在我那间牢房里， 有些东西不停地搅动着我。

The words of Martin Luther King kept hitting me.

马丁·路德·金的话一直在冲击我。

And he was always telling me, "Pete, if you can't fly,

他一直对我说，“彼得，如果你不能飞，

you can run.

你可以跑。

And if you can't run,

如果你不能跑，

you can walk.

你可以走。

But if you can't walk,

如果你也不能走，

then you can crawl.

那么你可以爬。

But whatever it is, whatever it takes,

但无论怎样，无论什么代价，

just keep on moving."

都要继续前进。”

And so I had this urge to keep moving.

所以我有这个冲动，一直前进。

I still have this urge to keep moving in whatever I do.

我现在仍然有这种冲动， 不管我做什么，持续前进。

Because I feel the only way we can change our society,

因为我觉得，改变我们的 社会的唯一途径，

the only way we can change the justice system --

我们改变司法制度的唯一途径——

which has really improved in our country --

我国的司法制度确实进步了——

is to help get the systems right.

就是帮助纠正这个制度。

So, on 26th October last year, after 18 years in prison,

去年10月26日， 在18年的监禁之后，

I walked out of prison on presidential pardon.

我获得总统赦免而出狱。

I'm now focused on helping APP -- the African Prisons Project --

我现在致力于帮助APP ——非洲监狱项目——

achieve its mandate of training and setting up

实现培训和建立第一间监狱中的

the first law school and legal college behind bars.

法律学校和法学院的任务。

Where we are going to train --

我们将要培训——

(Applause)

（掌声）

Where we are going to train inmates and staff

我们要在那里培训 狱友和工作人员，

not only to assist their fellow inmates,

让他们不仅可以帮助其他狱友，

but to assist the entire wider society of the poor

而且可以帮助那些 无法获得司法公正的

who cannot access legal justice.

更广大的整个贫穷阶层。

So as I speak before you today,

所以，当我今天在你们面前演讲时，

I stand here in the full knowledge that we can all reexamine ourselves,

我清楚知道，我们都可以重新审视自己，

we can all reexamine our situations,

我们都可以重新审视自己的状况，

我们都可以重新审视自己的环境，

we can all reexamine our circumstances

and not play the victim narrative.

而不去用受害者的身份讲故事。

The victim narrative will not take us anywhere.

受害者的故事对我们没有帮助。

I was behind bars, yeah.

我进过监狱，没错。

But I never felt and I was not a prisoner.

但我从来不认为自己是囚犯， 我不是囚犯。

The basic thing I got to learn

我学到的最基本的东西是，

was that if I thought,

如果我想，

and if you think, you can,

如果你认为你可以，

you will.

你一定可以。

But if you sit thinking that you can't,

但是，如果你坐在那想着自己不能，

you won't.

那你就不能。

It's as simple as that.

就这么简单。

And so I'm encouraged by the peaceful revolutionaries

我在这个舞台上听到的

和平的革命者们鼓舞着我。

I've heard on this stage.

The world needs you now, the world needs you today.

世界需要你， 现在，就今天。

And as I finish my talk,

我的演讲结束前，

只想问问你们这里的每一个人，

I'd just like to ask each and every single one of you here,

wonderful thinkers, changemakers, innovators,

精彩的思想家、改革家、创新者，

the wonderful global citizens we have at TED,

我们TED拥有的美好全球人民，

just remember the words of Martin Luther King.

请记住马丁·路德·金的话。

Let them continue ringing in your heart and your life.

让那些话一直在你的内心 和你的生活中响起。

Whatever it is,

无论什么事，

wherever you are,

无论你在哪里，

whatever it takes,

无论代价如何，

keep on moving.

都要继续前进。

Thank you.

谢谢。

(Applause)

（掌声）

Thank you.

谢谢。

(Applause)

（掌声）