Greg Stone: Saving the ocean one island at a time

64,369 views ใƒป 2010-11-03

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Jessie Park ๊ฒ€ํ† : Dae-won Jeong
00:16
I guess the story actually has to start
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์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š”
00:18
maybe back in the the 1960s,
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1960๋…„๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
when I was seven or eight years old,
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๊ทธ ๋• ์ œ๊ฐ€ 7,8์‚ด์ด์—ˆ๊ณ ,
00:23
watching Jacques Cousteau documentaries on the living room floor
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๋งˆ์Šคํฌ์™€ ์˜ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐœ์„ ๋‚€ ์ฑ„๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์‹ค ๋ฐฉ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์—์„œ
00:26
with my mask and flippers on.
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์žํฌ ์ฟ ์Šคํ† ์˜ ๋‹คํ๋ฉ˜ํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:29
Then after every episode, I had to go up to the bathtub
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๋‹คํ๋ฉ˜ํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚˜์ž, ์ „ ์š•์กฐ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€
00:32
and swim around the bathtub and look at the drain,
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์ˆ˜์˜์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ดค์–ด์š”.
00:34
because that's all there was to look at.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ณ๋‹ค๋ณผ ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—์š”.
00:37
And by the time I turned 16,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „ 16์‚ด์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
00:39
I pursued a career in marine science,
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ํƒํ—˜๊ณผ ๋‹ค์ด๋น™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ด์–‘ ๊ณผํ•™์—
00:42
in exploration and diving,
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๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ง์—…์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
and lived in underwater habitats, like this one off the Florida Keys,
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ํ”Œ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋‹คํ‚ค์Šค ์ œ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚œ ๊ณณ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ˆ˜์ค‘ ์„œ์‹์ง€์—์„œ
00:48
for 30 days total.
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์ด 30์ผ ๊ฐ„ ์‚ด์•„๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
Brian Skerry took this shot. Thanks, Brian.
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๋ธŒ๋ผ์ด์–ธ ์Šค์ผ€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ์š”, ๋ธŒ๋ผ์ด์–ธ.
00:52
And I've dived in deep-sea submersibles around the world.
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๋˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์‹ฌํ•ด ์ž ์ˆ˜์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ž ์ˆ˜ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋„ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
00:55
And this one is the deepest diving submarine in the world,
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์ด๊ฑด ์ผ๋ณธ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“  ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ
00:58
operated by the Japanese government.
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๊นŠ์€ ๊ณณ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž ์ˆ˜์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
And Sylvia Earle and I
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์‹ค๋น„์•„ ์–ผ๊ณผ ์ €๋Š”
01:02
were on an expedition in this submarine
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์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ 20๋…„์ „์—
01:04
20 years ago in Japan.
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์ด ์ž ์ˆ˜ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ํƒํ—˜์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
And on my dive, I went down 18,000 feet,
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์ž ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, ์ „ 18.000ft ๊ตฌ์—ญ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ”๋Š”๋ฐ
01:10
to an area that I thought
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์ „ ๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์ด ํ•ด์ €๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์—์„œ ์˜ค์—ผ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€
01:12
would be pristine wilderness area on the sea floor.
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๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ์•ผ์ƒ์ง€์—ญ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
But when I got there, I found
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋‹ค๋‹ค๋ž์„ ๋•Œ,
01:17
lots of plastic garbage and other debris.
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๋งŽ์€ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž”ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
And it was really a turning point in my life,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์ ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
where I started to realize
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ „ ๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ ํƒํ—˜์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์˜ค์ง
01:23
that I couldn't just go have fun doing science and exploration.
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์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€๋งŒ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆœ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ž€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
I needed to put it into a context.
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์ „ ์ด๊ฑธ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ด์•„๋‚ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
I needed to head towards conservation goals.
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๋ณด์กด ๊ณ„ํš์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Œ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:31
So I began to work
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ „ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ง€๋ฆฌํ•™ํšŒ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ
01:33
with National Geographic Society and others
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
01:36
and led expeditions to Antarctica.
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๋‚จ๊ทน๋Œ€๋ฅ™์œผ๋กœ ํƒํ—˜์„ ๋– ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
I led three diving expeditions to Antarctica.
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10๋…„ ์ „์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ฌํ–‰์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:41
Ten years ago was a seminal trip,
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์ „ ๋‚จ๊ทน๋Œ€๋ฅ™์œผ๋กœ 3๋ฒˆ์˜ ์ž ์ˆ˜ํƒํ—˜์„ ๋– ๋‚ฌ๊ณ 
01:43
where we explored that big iceberg, B-15,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํƒํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ณณ์€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋น™์‚ฐ์ธ,
01:46
the largest iceberg in history, that broke off the Ross Ice Shelf.
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B-15์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋กœ์Šค๋น™๋ด‰์—์„œ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
01:49
And we developed techniques
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๋น™์‚ฐ ์•„๋ž˜์™€ ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ž ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
01:51
to dive inside and under the iceberg,
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๋„๋Š” ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฐ
01:53
such as heating pads on our kidneys
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์•„๋žซ๋ฐฐ ์œ„์— ์–น๋Š” ๋ฐœ์—ด ํŒจ๋“œ์™€
01:55
with a battery that we dragged around,
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๊ฐ™์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ์ฃ ,
01:57
so that, as the blood flowed through our kidneys,
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์‹ ์žฅ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ”ผ๊ฐ€ ํ๋ฅผ ๋•Œ,
01:59
it would get a little boost of warmth
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ํ”ผ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชธ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „์—
02:01
before going back into our bodies.
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ํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
But after three trips to Antarctica,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚จ๊ทน๋Œ€๋ฅ™์œผ๋กœ ๋– ๋‚œ 3๋ฒˆ์˜ ์—ฌํ–‰ ํ›„์—
02:05
I decided that it might be nicer to work in warmer water.
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์ด๊ฑด ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•œ ๋ฌผ์†์—์„œ ๋” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹จ ๊ฑธ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
And that same year, 10 years ago,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ํ•ด์—, 10๋…„ ์ „์—์š”.
02:11
I headed north to the Phoenix Islands.
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์ „ ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์„ฌ์˜ ๋ถ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
And I'm going to tell you that story here in a moment.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณง ๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
But before I do, I just want you to ponder this graph for a moment.
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๊ทธ ์ „์— ์ž ์‹œ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋ฅผ ๋ด์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
You may have seen this in other forms,
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์•„๋งˆ ์ด๊ฑธ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์‹คํ…๋ฐ์š”,
02:21
but the top line is the amount of protected area
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ— ์ค„์„ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด
02:24
on land, globally,
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์ •๋œ ์œก์ง€๊ฐ€
02:26
and it's about 12 percent.
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์•ฝ 12%์ •๋„๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
And you can see that it kind of hockey sticks up
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  1960๋…„๋Œ€์—์„œ 70๋…„๋Œ€๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ทธ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”์ด๋Š”
02:30
around the 1960s and '70s,
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ํ•˜ํ‚ค ๋ผ์ผ“ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ์Šน ๊ณก์„ ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
and it's on kind of a nice trajectory right now.
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ํ˜„์žฌ๋Š” ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ๊ถค์ ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
And that's probably because
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๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ์—
02:37
that's when everybody got aware of the environment
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ 
02:39
and Earth Day
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋‚ ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ง€๊ณ ,
02:41
and all the stuff that happened in the '60s with the Hippies and everything
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60๋…„๋Œ€์— ํžˆํ”ผ๋“ค์ด ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
really did, I think, have an affect on global awareness.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ „ ์ง€๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์Œ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
But the ocean-protected area
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ์ธ ํ•ด์–‘์€
02:48
is basically flat line
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ํ‰ํ‰ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
02:50
until right about now -- it appears to be ticking up.
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๊ณง ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋„ค์š”.
02:52
And I do believe that we are at the hockey stick point
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์–‘ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
02:55
of the protected area in the ocean.
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๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํžˆ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
I think we would have gotten there a lot earlier
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์†์—์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:00
if we could see what happens in the ocean
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๋•…์—์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
03:02
like we can see what happens on land.
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๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๊ทธ ๊ณณ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„๊ฑฐ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
But unfortunately, the ocean is opaque,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ํ•ด์–‘์€ ๋ถˆํˆฌ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:07
and we can't see what's going on.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
And therefore we're way behind on protection.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋Š” ๊ฟˆ๋„ ๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:11
But scuba diving, submersibles
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์ž ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์Šค์ฟ ๋ฒ„ ๋‹ค์ด๋น™๊ณผ
03:13
and all the work that we're setting about to do here
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ๋“ค์€
03:16
will help rectify that.
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๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋กœ์žก์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
So where are the Phoenix Islands?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์ œ๋„๋Š” ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
03:21
They were the world's largest marine-protected area
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ํ•ด์–‘์ง€์—ญ์ด๋ฉฐ,
03:24
up until last week
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์ง€๋‚œ ์ฃผ์—๋Š”
03:26
when the Chagos Archipelago was declared.
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์ฐจ๊ณ ์Šค ์—ด๋„๋กœ ์„ ์ •๋œ ๊ณณ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
03:28
It's in the mid-Pacific. It's about five days from anywhere.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ค‘๋ถ€ ํƒœํ‰์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธด ์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋‚˜ 5์ผ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
If you want to get to the Phoenix Islands,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์ œ๋„์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
03:33
it's five days from Fiji,
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ํ”ผ์ง€์—์„œ๋„ 5์ผ,
03:35
it's five days from Hawaii, it's five days from Samoa.
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ํ•˜์™€์ด์—์„œ๋„ 5์ผ, ์‚ฌ๋ชจ์•„์—์„œ๋„ 5์ผ์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
It's out in the middle of the Pacific,
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์—ฌ๊ธด ํƒœํ‰์–‘ ์ค‘๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚œ,
03:39
right around the Equator.
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์ ๋„์˜ ์˜ค๋ฅธํŽธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
I had never heard of the islands 10 years ago,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์„ฌ๊ณผ ์„ฌ๋“ค์ด ์†ํ•ด ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
03:44
nor the country, Kiribati, that owns them,
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๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
till two friends of mine who run a liveaboard dive boat in Fiji
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10๋…„์ „์— ํ”ผ์ง€์—์„œ ๋‹ค์ด๋น™๋ณดํŠธ๋กœ ์˜์—…์„ ํ•˜๋˜ ๋‘ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€
03:49
said, "Greg, would you lead a scientific expedition up to these islands?
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๋งํ•˜๊ธธ "๊ทธ๋ ˆ๊ทธ, ์ด ์„ฌ์—์„œ ๊ณผํ•™ ํƒํ—˜์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ด๋ณด์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜?
03:52
They've never been dived."
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„  ๋‹ค์ด๋น™์„ ํ•ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์–ด"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:54
And I said, "Yeah.
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์ „ "์ข‹์•„.ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์„ฌ์ด ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€,
03:56
But tell me where they are and the country that owns them."
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๊ทธ ์„ฌ์ด ์†ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•ด์ค˜."๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
So that's when I first learned of the Islands
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ์ œ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์› ์„ ๋•Œ
04:00
and had no idea what I was getting into.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•œ ๊ฑด์ง€๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ž์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
But I was in for the adventure.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ „ ๊ทธ ๋ชจํ—˜์— ๋‚˜์„ฐ์ฃ .
04:06
Let me give you a little peek here of the Phoenix Islands-protected area.
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ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์ œ๋„ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ์˜ ์ž‘์€ ๋ด‰์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
It's a very deep-water part of our planet.
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์—ฌ๊ธด ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์•„์ฃผ ์ˆ˜์‹ฌ์ด ๊นŠ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๊ณณ์ธ๋ฐ,
04:13
The average depths are about 12,000 ft.
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ํ‰๊ท  ๊นŠ์ด๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ 12.000ft์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
There's lots of seamounts in the Phoenix Islands,
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ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์ œ๋„์—” ํ•ด์‚ฐ(ํ•ด์ €์‚ฐ)์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
04:17
which are specifically part of the protected area.
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๊ทธ ํ•ด์‚ฐ๋“ค์€ ํŠน๋ณ„ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
Seamounts are important for biodiversity.
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ํ•ด์‚ฐ์ด ์ƒ๋ฌผ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
04:22
There's actually more mountains in the ocean than there are on land.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—” ์œก์ง€๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ๋” ์‚ฐ์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
It's an interesting fact.
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์ด๊ฑด ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
And the Phoenix Islands is very rich in those seamounts.
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๋˜ ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์ œ๋„๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ•ด์‚ฐ์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:31
So it's a deep -- think about it in a big three-dimensional space,
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๊นŠ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ . ํฐ 3์ฐจ์› ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์ด๊ฑธ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”,
04:34
very deep three-dimensional space
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์ „์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ด์™”๋˜๋Œ€๋กœ
04:36
with herds of tuna, whales,
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์ฐธ์น˜๋–ผ,๊ณ ๋ž˜๋“ค
04:39
all kinds of deep sea marine life
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‹ฌํ•ด ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด
04:41
like we've seen here before.
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์•„์ฃผ ๊นŠ์€ 3์ฐจ์› ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑธ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
That's the vessel that we took up there
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ „์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
04:45
for these studies, early on,
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ํƒ€๊ณ  ๊ฐ„ ์„ ๋ฐ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
and that's what the Islands look like -- you can see in the background.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์„ฌ์˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์ธ๋ฐ์š”; ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
They're very low to the water,
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์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ ,
04:52
and they're all uninhabited, except one island
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์„ฌ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฌด์ธ๋„์ด๋ฉฐ,
04:54
has about 35 caretakers on it.
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์•ฝ 35๋ช… ์ •๋„์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
And they've been uninhabited for most of time
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ฌ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ณ„์† ๋ฌด์ธ๋„์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
04:59
because even in the ancient days,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ณ ๋Œ€์—๋„
05:01
these islands were too far away
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์ด ์„ฌ๋“ค์€ ํ”ผ์ง€๋‚˜ ํ•˜์™€์ด, ํƒ€ํžˆํ‹ฐ์˜ ๋ฐ์€ ๋น›์—์„œ
05:03
from the bright lights of Fiji and Hawaii and Tahiti
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
05:06
for those ancient Polynesian mariners
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๊ด‘ํ™œํ•œ ํƒœํ‰์–‘์„ ํšก๋‹จํ•˜๋Š”
05:08
that were traversing the Pacific so widely.
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๊ณ ๋Œ€์˜ ํด๋ฆฌ๋„ค์‹œ์•ˆ ์„ ์›๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฉ€์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:11
But we got up there,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
05:13
and I had the unique and wonderful scientific opportunity and personal opportunity
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์ €๋Š” ๋…ํŠนํ•˜๊ณ  ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ณผํ•™์  ๊ธฐํšŒ์™€
05:16
to get to a place that had never been dived
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๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ๋„ ๋‹ค์ด๋น™ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์  ์—†๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ๊ฐˆ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ์ฃ .
05:18
and just get to an island and go, "Okay, where are we going to dive?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์„ฌ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•ด์„œ "์ž,์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์ด๋น™ํ•  ๊ณณ์ด ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์š”?
05:20
Let's try there,"
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์–ด์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ
05:22
and then falling into the water.
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๋ฌผ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:24
Both my personal and my professional life changed.
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์ œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์‚ถ๊ณผ ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ์‚ถ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
Suddenly, I saw a world
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์ „์— ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์—์„œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ๋ณด์ง€
05:28
that I had never seen before in the ocean --
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๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์ „ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
schools of fish that were so dense
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์•„์ฃผ ๋นฝ๋นฝํ•œ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€
05:33
they dulled the penetration of sunlight from the surface,
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๊ทธ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋“ค์€ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ๋šซ๊ณ  ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ๋น›์„ ํฌ๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ •๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
coral reefs that were continuous
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๋์—†๋Š” ์‚ฐํ˜ธ์ดˆ์™€
05:38
and solid and colorful,
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๋นˆ ๊ณณ ์—†์ด ๊ฝ‰ ๋“ค์–ด์ฐฌ ์ƒ‰์ƒ‰๊น”์˜
05:40
large fish everywhere,
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ €๊ธฐ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
05:42
manta rays.
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์˜ค๋ฆฌ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
It was an ecosystem. Parrotfish spawning --
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์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„์ฃ . ์‚ฐ๋ž€ ์ค‘์ธ ํŒŒ๋ž€ ๋น„๋Š˜๋”.
05:47
this is about 5,000 longnose parrotfish spawning
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ฝ 5์ฒœ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํŒŒ๋ž€ ๋น„๋Š˜๋”์ด
05:50
at the entrance to one of the Phoenix Islands.
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ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์ œ๋„ ์ž…๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฐ๋ž€ ์ค‘์ธ ๋ชจ์Šต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
You can see the fish are balled up
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์ด ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ๋’ค ์„ž์ธ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ๋ณด์ด์‹คํ…๋ฐ์š”,
05:54
and then there's a little cloudy area there
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํ๋ฆฟํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
where they're exchanging the eggs and sperm for reproduction --
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๋ฒˆ์‹ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ๋‚œ์ž์™€ ์ •์ž๋ฅผ ๊ตํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด์ฃ .
06:00
events that the ocean is supposed to do,
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ธ๋ฐ,
06:02
but struggles to do in many places now
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์ธ๊ฐ„๋“ค์ด ํ•ด ๋†“์€ ์ผ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
06:04
because of human activity.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ณ ์ƒ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์ฃ .
06:06
The Phoenix Islands and all the equatorial parts of our planet
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ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์ œ๋„์™€, ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ ๋„ ๋ถ€๊ทผ์˜ ์ง€์—ญ๋“ค์€
06:08
are very important for tuna fisheries,
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์ฐธ์น˜ ์›์–‘ ์—…์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
especially this yellowfin tuna that you see here.
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ํŠนํžˆ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ณด์ด์‹œ๋Š” ํ™ฉ๋‹ค๋ž‘์–ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ฃ .
06:14
Phoenix Islands is a major tuna location.
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ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์ œ๋„๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ์ฐธ์น˜ ์–ดํš ๊ตฌ์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
And sharks -- we had sharks on our early dives,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒ์–ด๋“ค์€, ์ „์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์ด๋น™ ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
06:19
up to 150 sharks at once,
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ์•ฝ 150๋งˆ๋ฆฌ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
which is an indication
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๊ณณ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋งค์šฐ ๋งŽ์ด
06:23
of a very, very healthy, very strong, system.
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์ง€์š”.
06:26
So I thought the scenes
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋์—†๋Š” ์•ผ์ƒ์€
06:28
of never-ending wilderness
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์–ธ์ œ๊นŒ์ง€๋‚˜ ์˜์›ํžˆ
06:30
would go on forever,
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์œ ์ง€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
but they did finally come to an end.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋์ด ์˜ค๊ณ  ๋ง์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
And we explored the surface of the Islands as well --
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ํƒœํ‰์–‘์—์„œ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ
06:37
very important bird nesting site,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ฅ์ง€๋ฅผ ํŠธ๋Š”
06:39
some of the most important bird-nesting sites in the Pacific, in the world.
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์„ฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํƒํ—˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:44
And we finished our trip.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๋๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
And that's the area again.
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์ €๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
You can see the Islands -- there are eight islands --
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๋ฌผ ์œ„์— ๋น ์ ธ ๋‚˜์˜จ 8๊ฐœ์˜
06:51
that pop out of the water.
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์„ฌ์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ณด์ด์‹คํ…๋ฐ์š”.
06:53
The peaks that don't come out of the water are the seamounts.
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๋ฌผ ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ผญ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•ด์‚ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
Remember, a seamount turns into an island when it hits the surface.
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ํ•ด์‚ฐ์ด ๋ฌผ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ๋‹ฟ์œผ๋ฉด ์„ฌ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
07:02
And what's the context of the Phoenix Islands?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์„ฌ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
07:04
Where do these exist?
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์ด๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
07:06
Well they exist in the Republic of Kiribati,
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์ด ์„ฌ๋“ค์€ ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ ๊ณตํ™”๊ตญ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ ,
07:08
and Kiribati is located in the Central Pacific
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ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ๋Š” ์ค‘๋ถ€ ํƒœํ‰์–‘์—์„œ
07:10
in three island groups.
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3๊ฐœ์˜ ์„ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
In the west we have the Gilbert Islands.
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์„œ์ชฝ์—๋Š” ๊ธธ๋ฒ„ํŠธ ์„ฌ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
In the center we have the Phoenix Islands,
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๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์—๋Š”, ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์„ฌ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
07:17
which is the subject that I'm talking about.
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ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์„ฌ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์ฃ .
07:19
And then over to the east we have the Line Islands.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋™์ชฝ๋„˜์–ด์—๋Š” ๋ผ์ธ ์„ฌ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
It's the largest atoll nation in the world.
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๋ผ์ธ์„ฌ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ํ™˜์ƒ ์‚ฐํ˜ธ์„ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
And they have
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—”
07:26
about 110,000 people
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33๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ์„ฌ๋“ค์— ํผ์ ธ์žˆ๋Š”
07:28
spread out over 33 islands.
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์•ฝ 11๋งŒ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:31
They control 3.4 million cubic miles of ocean,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ 340๋งŒ ์ž…๋ฐฉ ๋งˆ์ผ์˜ ํ•ด์–‘์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๊ณ ,
07:34
and that's between one and two percent
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๊ทธ ์ •๋„๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด ํ•ด์ˆ˜์˜
07:36
of all the ocean water on the planet.
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์•ฝ 2% ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
And when I was first going up there,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ
07:40
I barely knew the name of this country 10 years ago,
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10๋…„ ์ „์—” ์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ž์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
07:43
and people would ask me,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๋”๊ตฐ์š”,
07:45
"Why are you going to this place called Kiribati?"
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"ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ณณ์— ์™œ ๊ฐ€๋ คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
07:47
And it reminded me of that old joke
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๋†๋‹ด ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
07:49
where the bank robber comes out of the courthouse handcuffed,
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์€ํ–‰ ๊ฐ•๋„๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ‘์„ ์ฐฌ ์ฑ„๋กœ ๋ฒ•์›์„ ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ๋•Œ,
07:51
and the reporter yells, "Hey, Willy. Why do you rob banks?"
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๊ธฐ์ž๊ฐ€ "์–ด์ด, ์œŒ๋ฆฌ, ๋„ˆ๋Š” ์™œ ์€ํ–‰์„ ํ„ฐ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์•ผ?" ๋ผ๊ณ  ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์น˜์ฃ .
07:54
And he says, "cause that's where all the money is."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” "๊ฑฐ๊ธด ์ „๋ถ€ ๋ˆ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ."๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
And I would tell people, "Why do I go to Kiribati?
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์ „ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ "์ œ๊ฐ€ ์™œ ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ์— ๊ฐˆ๊นŒ์š”?
07:59
Because that's where all the ocean is."
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๊ฑฐ๊ธด ์ „๋ถ€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ ."๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
They basically are one nation
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๊ฑฐ๊ธด ์ „๋ถ€ ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
08:03
that controls most of the equatorial waters
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๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ์ค‘๋ถ€ ํƒœํ‰์–‘์˜ ์ ๋„ํ•ด์–‘
08:06
of the Central Pacific Ocean.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
They're also a country
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์œ„ํ—˜์—
08:11
that is in dire danger.
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์ฒ˜ํ•ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ์ฃ .
08:13
Sea levels are rising,
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ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ด ๋†’์•„์ง€๋ฉด์„œ,
08:15
and Kiribati, along with 42 other nations in the world,
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ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ์™€ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ 42๊ฐœ๊ตญ๋„
08:18
will be under water within 50 to 100 years
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50~100๋…„ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋ฌผ ์†์— ์ž ๊ธธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
due to climate change
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์™€
08:22
and the associated sea-level rise from thermal expansion
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์—ดํŒฝ์ฐฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์ƒ์Šน,
08:25
and the melting of freshwater into the ocean.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์—์„œ ๋…น๋Š” ๋‹ด์ˆ˜ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
The Islands rise only one to two meters
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์ด ์„ฌ์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
08:30
above the surface.
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1~2๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฐ–์— ์˜ฌ๋ผ์™€์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
Some of the islands have already gone under water.
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์ด ์„ฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ฌผ ์†์— ๊ฐ€๋ผ์•‰์•˜๊ณ ,
08:35
And these nations are faced with a real problem.
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์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•ด์žˆ์ฃ .
08:37
We as a world are faced with a problem.
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์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•˜๋“ฏ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
What do we do with displaced fellow Earthlings
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์ด์ œ ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์— ์‚ด ์ง‘๋„ ์—†๋Š”
08:43
who no longer have a home on the planet?
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๋‚œ๋ฏผ์ด ๋œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ ์ง€๊ตฌ์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ญ˜ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค˜์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
08:46
The president of the Maldives
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๋ชฐ๋””๋ธŒ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€
08:48
conducted a mock cabinet meeting
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์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
08:50
underwater recently
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๋ฌผ ์†์—์„œ์˜
08:52
to highlight the dire straits of these countries.
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๊ฐ€์งœ ๋‚ด๊ฐํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
So it's something we need to focus on.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
08:57
But back to the Phoenix Islands,
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์ด ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์ธ
09:00
which is the subject of this Talk.
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ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์„ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜ต์‹œ๋‹ค.
09:02
After I got back, I said,
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์ „ ๋Œ์•„์˜จ ํ›„,
09:04
okay, this is amazing, what we found.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
I'd like to go back and share it with the government of Kiribati,
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์ „ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ํƒ€๋ผ์™€๊ฐ€ ์†ํ•œ
09:09
who are over in Tarawa,
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์ตœ์„œ๋‹จ ์„ฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์˜
09:11
the westernmost group.
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ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ ์ •๋ถ€์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด๊ฑธ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
So I started contacting them --
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰์‹œํ‚ฌ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ฃผ์—ˆ๊ธฐ์—
09:15
because they had actually given me a permit to do this --
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์ „ ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ ‘์ด‰์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
09:17
and I said, "I want to come up and tell you what we found."
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ .
09:20
And for some reason they didn't want me to come,
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๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋ คํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
09:22
or it was hard to find a time and a place, and it took a while,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํž˜๋“ค์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,์–ผ๋งˆ ์ง€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„,
09:25
but finally they said, "Okay, you can come.
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ  "์ข‹์•„์š”,๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
09:27
But if you come, you have to buy lunch
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๊ทธ์น˜๋งŒ ์˜ค์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜๋Š”
09:29
for everybody who comes to the seminar."
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋จน์„ ์ ์‹ฌ์„ ์‚ฌ์˜ค์…”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
09:31
So I said, "Okay, I'm happy to buy lunch.
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์ „ "๋„ค,์ ์‹ฌ์„ ์‚ฌ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์„œ ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
Just get whatever anybody wants."
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ๋กœ ํ•ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ "๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
09:35
So David Obura, a coral reef biologist, and I went to Tarawa,
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์‚ฐํ˜ธ์ดˆ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ž์ธ ๋ฐ์ด๋น— ์˜ค๋ถ€๋ผ์™€ ์ „ ํƒ€๋ผ์™€์— ๊ฐ”๊ณ ,
09:38
and we presented for two hours
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 2์‹œ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ
09:40
on the amazing findings of the Phoenix Islands.
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ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์ œ๋„์˜ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
And the country never knew this. They never had any data from this area.
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๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๊ฑธ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชฐ๋ž๊ณ ,๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
They'd never had any information from the Phoenix Islands.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์ œ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
After the talk, the Minister of Fisheries walked up to me
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๋Œ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚œ ํ›„ ํ•ด์–‘์ˆ˜์‚ฐ๋ถ€ ์žฅ๊ด€ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์™€์„œ
09:51
and he said, "Greg, do you realize
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๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ทธ๋ ˆ๊ทธ์”จ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
09:53
that you are the first scientist
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ด์ค€
09:55
who has ever come back
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์žฌ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋ž€ ๊ฑธ
09:57
and told us what they did?"
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์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
09:59
He said, "We often issue these permits
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ "์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ข…์ข… ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ”๋‹ท์†์—์„œ
10:01
to do research in our waters,
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์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ด ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋“ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
10:03
but usually we get a note two or three years later,
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฐ 2~3๋…„ ํ›„์—๋‚˜ ๋…ธํŠธํ•˜๋‚˜,
10:05
or a reprint.
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ํ˜น์€ ๋ณต์‚ฌ๋ณธ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๋ฟ์ด์ฃ .
10:07
But you're the first one who's ever come back and told us what you did.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ด์ค€ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
And we really appreciate that. And we're buying you lunch today.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ ค์š”.๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ ์‹ฌ์„ ๋Œ€์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:13
And are you free for dinner?"
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์ €๋…๋„ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹œ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
10:15
And I was free for dinner,
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์ „ ์ €๋…์— ํ•œ๊ฐ€๋กœ์›Œ์„œ,
10:17
and I went out to dinner with the Minister of Fisheries in Kiribati.
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ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ์˜ ํ•ด์–‘์ˆ˜์‚ฐ๋ถ€ ์žฅ๊ด€๊ณผ ์ €๋…์„ ๋จน๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
And over the course of dinner,
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์ €๋…์‹์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค ๋๋‚œ๋’ค,
10:21
I learned that Kiribati gains most of its revenue --
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์ด ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ์ธ ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ๊ฐ€
10:24
it's a very poor country --
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ˆ˜์ž…์„,
10:26
but it gains what revenue is has
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์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ํ•ด์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์žก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
10:28
by selling access to foreign nations
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์กฐ์—…๊ถŒ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์— ํŒ”์•„์„œ
10:30
to take fish out of its waters,
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์–ป๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
because Kiribati does not have the capacity
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ๋Š” ์Šค์Šค๋กœ
10:34
to take the fish itself.
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๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์žก์„ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
10:36
And the deal that they strike
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์ด ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋Š”,
10:38
is the extracting country
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ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์žก๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์ด
10:40
gives Kiribati five percent
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์–ดํš๋Ÿ‰ ์ค‘ 5%๋ฅผ
10:42
of the landed value.
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๋Œ“๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
So if the United States
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด
10:46
removes a million dollars'
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์‚ฐํ˜ธ์ดˆ์—์„œ
10:48
worth of lobsters from a reef,
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100๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์–ด์น˜์˜ ๋ž์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์žก๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:50
Kiribati gets 50,000 dollars.
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ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ๋Š” 5๋งŒ๋ถˆ์„ ๋ฐ›์„๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
And, you know, it didn't seem like a very good deal to me.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์ด๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•„์‹ค๊ป๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:56
So I asked the Minister over dinner,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ „ ์ €๋…์‹์‚ฌํ›„ ๊ทธ ์žฅ๊ด€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ ,
10:58
I said, "Would you consider a situation
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"์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ์˜ ์ฒœ์—ฐ์ž์›์ด
11:01
where you would still get paid --
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๋Œ€๋žต ์–ผ๋งˆ์ฏค ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ํ•ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
we do the math and figure out what the value of the resource is --
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๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์™€ ์ƒ์–ด, ์ƒˆ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฌผ ์†์— ๋‘๊ณ ๋„
11:07
but you leave fish and the sharks
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๊ณ„์† ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:09
and the shrimp in the water?"
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์ด๊ฑธ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด๋ณด์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
11:11
He stopped, and he said, "Yes, we would like to do that
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ ,"๋„ค,์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๋‚จํš๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ
11:14
to deal with our overfishing problem,
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์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,
11:16
and I think we would call it a reverse fishing license."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์—ญ ์กฐ์—…๊ถŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”."
11:19
He coined the term "reverse fishing license."
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์—ญ ์กฐ์—…๊ถŒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:21
So I said, "Yes, a 'reverse fishing license.'"
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์ €๋„ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋„ค, ์—ญ ์กฐ์—…๊ถŒ์ด๋ผ.."
11:24
So we walked away from this dinner
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์–ด๋Š ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ์ฑ„
11:26
really not knowing where to go at that point.
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์‹์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊ฑธ์–ด ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:28
I went back to the States and started looking around
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์ „ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€,
11:30
to see if I could find examples
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์—ญ ์กฐ์—…๊ถŒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์ด
11:33
where reverse fishing licenses
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๋‹ค๋ค„์ง„ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
11:35
had been issued,
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์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
and it turned out there were none.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ฌ์ฃ .
11:39
There were no oceanic deals
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์กฐ์—…์„ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
11:41
where countries were compensated for not fishing.
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๋ณด์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”, ํ•ด์–‘ ๊ณ„์•ฝ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
11:44
It had occurred on land,
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์œก์ง€์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:46
in rainforests of South America and Africa,
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์ค‘์•™ ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด๋‚˜ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ์šฐ๋ฆผ์—์„œ,
11:49
where landowners had been paid
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๋•… ์ฃผ์ธ๋“ค์€ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ 
11:51
not to cut the trees down.
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๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋ฒ ๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
And Conservation International had struck some of those deals.
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์„ธ๊ณ„๋ณด์กดํ˜‘ํšŒ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ณ„์•ฝ ๋ช‡ ๊ฑด์„ ํŒŒ๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚จ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:55
So I went to Conservation International
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ ์ž๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€๋™ํ•˜๊ณ 
11:57
and brought them in as a partner
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์„ธ๊ณ„๋ณด์กดํ˜‘ํšŒ์— ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
and went through the process
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์–ด์žฅ ์ž์›์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋งค๊ธฐ๋Š”
12:02
of valuing the fishery resource,
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์ž‘์—…์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:05
deciding how much Kiribati should be compensated,
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ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ณด์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ ,
12:08
what the range of the fishes were,
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๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€,
12:10
brought in a whole bunch of other partners --
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งŽ์€ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
the government of Australia,
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ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์ •๋ถ€,
12:14
the government of New Zealand, the World Bank.
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๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ ์ •๋ถ€์™€, ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์€ํ–‰ ๋“ฑ์˜ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
12:16
The Oak Foundation and National Geographic
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์˜คํฌ ์žฌ๋‹จ๊ณผ ๋‚ด์…”๋„ ์ง€์˜ค๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ ๋˜ํ•œ
12:18
have been big funders of this as well.
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ํฐ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ง€์ง€์ž์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:20
And we basically founded the park
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์ด ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก
12:22
on the idea of an endowment
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์กฐ์—…๊ถŒ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ์žƒ์€ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋™๋“ฑํ•œ ๋งŒํผ์˜
12:24
that would pay the equivalent lost fishing license fees
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๋ณด์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
12:27
to this very poor country
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด์„œ
12:29
to keep the area intact.
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์ด ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ์„ ์„ค์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:31
Halfway through this process, I met the president of Kiribati,
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์ด ๊ณผ์ •์ด ๋ฐ˜์ฏค ์ง„ํ–‰๋์„ ๋•Œ, ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ธ
12:33
President Anote Tong.
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์•„๋…ธํŠธ ํ†ต์„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:35
He's a really important leader,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฆฌ๋”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
a real visionary, forward-thinking man,
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์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ์„ ๊ฒฝ ์ง€๋ช…์ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ์•ž์„ ๋‚ด๋‹ค๋ณด๋Š” ๋ถ„์ด์‹œ์ฃ .
12:39
and he told me two things when I approached him.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:41
He said, "Greg, there's two things I'd like you to do.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ, "๊ทธ๋ ‰, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•ด์คฌ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
12:44
One is, remember I'm a politician,
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ •์น˜์ธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:46
so you've got to go out and work with my ministers
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ ๋‚ด๊ฐ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ 
12:48
and convince the people of Kiribati that this is a good idea.
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ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ์ผ์ด ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์„ค๋“์‹œ์ผœ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
12:51
Secondly, I'd like you to create principles
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์›์น™์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:53
that will transcend my own presidency.
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๋‚˜์˜ ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ์ดˆ์›”ํ•  ๋งŒํ•œ ์›์น™ ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
12:55
I don't want to do something like this
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋Œ€์„ ์—์„œ ํƒˆ๋ฝํ•ด ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ์ซ“๊ฒจ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
12:57
if it's going to go away after I'm voted out of office."
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๊ฐ™์ด ์‚ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑธ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง„ ์•Š์•„์š”."
13:00
So we had very strong leadership, very good vision
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ๊ณผ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฟˆ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
13:03
and a lot of science, a lot of lawyers involved.
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ณผํ•™์ž, ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๋ถ™์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:06
Many, many steps were taken to pull this off.
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์ด ์ผ์„ ํ•ด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:09
And it was primarily because Kiribati realized
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
13:12
that this was in their own self-interest to do this.
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์ž์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
13:14
They realized that this was a common cause
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ณด์กด ๋ชจ์ž„๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
13:16
that they had found
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๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
13:18
with the conservation community.
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๊ณตํ†ต์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:21
Then in 2002,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  2002๋…„์—,
13:23
when this was all going full-swing,
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๊ฐ€ ํ•œ์ฐฝ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์ธ๋ฐ,
13:26
a coral-bleaching event happened in the Phoenix Islands.
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ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์„ฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฐํ˜ธ ํ‘œ๋ฐฑ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
13:29
Here's this resource that we're looking to save,
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์›์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:32
and it turns out it's the hottest heating event
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ์˜จ๋‚œํ™” ํ˜„์ƒ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ฌ์ฃ .
13:34
that we can find on record.
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์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ์˜ ์ตœ๊ณ ๋กœ ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด..
13:36
The ocean heated up as it does sometimes,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋” ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์ง€๊ณ ,
13:39
and the hot spot formed and stalled
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๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ์ง€์—ญ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์ •์ง€ํ•ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:42
right over the Phoenix Islands for six months.
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์ด ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์„ฌ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์œ„์—์„œ 6๊ฐœ์›”๊ฐ„ ๊ทธ๋žฌ์ฃ .
13:45
It was over 32 degrees Celsius for six months
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6๊ฐœ์›”๊ฐ„ ์„ญ์”จ 32๋„๊ฐ€ ๋„˜์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
13:48
and it basically killed
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „์ฒด ์‚ฐํ˜ธ ์ค‘
13:50
60 percent of the coral.
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60%๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์—ˆ์ฃ .
13:52
So suddenly we had this area that we were protecting,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์žก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:54
but now it appeared to be dead, at least in the coral areas.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ ์‚ฐํ˜ธ์ดˆ ๊ตฌ์—ญ๋งŒํผ์€ ์ฃฝ์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„ ๋ณด์˜€์–ด์š”.
13:57
Of course the deep-sea areas and the open ocean areas were fine,
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๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์‹ฌํ•ด์™€ ์™ธํ•ด(ๅค–ๆตท) ์ง€์—ญ์€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
14:00
but the coral, which everybody likes to look at, was in trouble.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๋Š” ์‚ฐํ˜ธ์ดˆ์—๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์ฃ .
14:03
Well, the good news is it's recovered
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์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์€ ์ด์   ๋ณต๊ตฌ๋˜๊ณ ,
14:05
and recovering fast,
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๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋กœ ๋ณต๊ตฌ ์ค‘์— ์žˆ๊ณ ,
14:07
faster than any reef we've seen.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฐํ˜ธ์ดˆ๋“ค ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ณต๊ตฌ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
14:09
This picture was just taken by Brian Skerry a few months ago
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์ด์–ธ ์Šค์ปค๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ์ „ ์ฐ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:12
when we returned to the Phoenix Islands
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์„ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ,
14:14
and discovered that, because it is a protected area
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ์ด๋ผ์„œ
14:17
and has healthy fish populations
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๋•Œ์ฃ .
14:20
that keep the algae grazed down
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•ด์กฐ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ž„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
14:23
and keep the rest of the reef healthy,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฐํ˜ธ์ดˆ๋“ค๋„ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
14:25
the coral is booming, is just booming back.
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์‚ฐํ˜ธ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ž˜ ์ž๋ผ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
14:28
It's almost like if a person
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์ด๊ฑด ๋งˆ์น˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ณ‘์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด
14:30
has multiple diseases,
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ํšŒ๋ณต์ด ํž˜๋“ค๊ณ , ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ฃฝ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
14:32
it's hard to get well, you might die,
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์ด๊ฒจ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๋ณ‘๋งŒ
14:34
but if you only have one disease to deal with, you can get better.
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๊ฑธ๋ ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์‹œ ํšŒ๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
14:37
And that's the story with climate-change heating.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:39
It's the only threat,
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์‚ฐํ˜ธ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒจ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”
14:41
the only influence that the reef had to deal with.
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๋‹จ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์œ„ํ˜‘, ๋‹จ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:44
There was no fishing, there was no pollution, there was no coastal development,
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๋‚š์‹œ๋„, ์˜ค์—ผ๋„, ์‚ฐํ˜ธ์ดˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ 
14:47
and the reef is on a full-bore recovery.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์•”์ดˆ๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ํšŒ๋ณต ์ค‘์ด์—์š”.
14:51
Now I remember that dinner I had with the Minister of Fisheries 10 years ago
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10๋…„ ์ „์— ์–ด์—…๋ถ€ ์žฅ๊ด€๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ €๋…์ด ๊ธฐ์–ต๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:54
when we first brought this up and I got quite animated during the dinner
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์ด ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๊บผ๋‚ด, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋•Œ์ฃ .
14:57
and said, "Well, I think that the conservation community
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , "์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ณด์กด ๋ชจ์ž„์ด
14:59
might embrace this idea, Minister."
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์ด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ผ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์žฅ๊ด€๋‹˜."
15:01
He paused and put his hands together and said,
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ž ์‹œํ›„ ์†์„ ๋ชจ์œผ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ .
15:03
"Yes, Greg,
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"๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‰,
15:05
but the devil will be in the details," he said.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง„์งœ ๋ฌด์„œ์šด ๊ฑด ์„ธ๋ถ€์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ์žˆ์–ด์š”."
15:07
And it certainly was.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •๋ง ๊ทธ๋žฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:09
The last 10 years have been detail after detail
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์ง€๋‚œ 10๋…„๊ฐ„์€ ์„ธ๋ถ€์‚ฌํ•ญ ๋˜ ์„ธ๋ถ€์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
15:12
ranging from creating legislation
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์ž…๋ฒ•์•ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
15:15
to multiple research expeditions
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๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์กฐ์‚ฌ ์›์ •,
15:18
to communication plans,
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์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜ ๊ณ„ํš๊นŒ์ง€.
15:20
as I said, teams of lawyers,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ๋Œ€๋กœ, ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ ํŒ€๋“ค,
15:22
MOUs,
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์–‘ํ•ด๊ฐ์„œ๋“ค,
15:24
creating the Phoenix Islands Trust Board.
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ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์„ฌ ์‹ ํƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊นŒ์ง€.
15:27
And we are now in the process of raising the full endowment.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ถ€๊ธˆ ๋ชจ๊ธˆ์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
Kiribati has frozen extracting activities
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€๊ธˆ์„ ๋ชจ์œผ๋Š” ์ค‘์ธ ํ˜„ ์‹œ์ ๊นŒ์ง€
15:32
at its current state while we raise the endowment.
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ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ์—์„œ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฑ„์ทจ ํ™œ๋™์€ ์ค‘์ง€๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:35
We just had our first PIPA Trust Board meeting three weeks ago.
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3์ฃผ ์ „ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” PIPA์‹ ํƒํšŒ ๋ฏธํŒ…์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:38
So it's a fully functional
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ํ˜„์žฌ๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”
15:40
up-and-running entity
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ํ™œ๋ฐœํžˆ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ๋…๋ฆฝ์ฒด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:42
that negotiates the reverse fishing license with the country.
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€์™€ ์—ญ ์กฐ์—…๊ถŒ์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋…๋ฆฝ์ฒด์ฃ .
15:45
And the PIPA Trust Board holds that license
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  PIPA ์‹ ํƒํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ
15:48
and pays the country for this.
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์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์— ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:50
So it's a very solid, very well thought-out,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ๊ฒฌ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ณ 
15:52
very well grounded system,
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์‹ ์ค‘ํžˆ ๊ณ ๋ ค๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:55
and it was a bottom-up system,
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์˜ˆ์ „์—๋Š” ์œ„ ์•„๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๋’ค์ง‘ํžŒ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ ,
15:57
and that was very important with this work,
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ผ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ด์œ ์˜€์ฃ .
15:59
from the bottom up to secure this.
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ํ˜„์žฌ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ณ ํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ฆฌ ์žก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:01
So the conditions for success here are listed.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ, ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:03
You can read them yourselves.
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๊ฐ์ž ์ฝ์–ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ตฌ์š”.
16:05
But I would say the most important one in my mind
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋‹ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
16:07
was working within the market forces
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ
16:09
of the situation.
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:11
And that insured that we could move this forward
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ํ•ด์คฌ๊ณ 
16:14
and it would have both the self-interest of Kiribati
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ํ‚ค๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์‹œ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
16:17
as well as the self-interest of the world.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
16:20
And I'll leave you with one final slide,
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์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋‚จ์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
16:22
that is: how do we scale this up?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ‚ค์› ๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:24
How do we realize Sylvia's dream?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ค๋น„์•„์˜ ๊ฟˆ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์„๊นŒ์š”?
16:26
Where eventually do we take this?
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์„๊นŒ์š”?
16:28
Here's the Pacific
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํƒœํ‰์–‘์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
16:30
with large MPAs
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด์–‘ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
16:33
and large conservation zones on it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณด์กด ๊ตฌ์—ญ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:37
And as you can see,
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ,
16:39
we have a patchwork across this ocean.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€์–‘์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์งˆ๋Ÿฌ ํŒจ์น˜์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:42
I've just described to you the one story
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์„ค๋ช… ๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๊ฑด, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ
16:44
behind that rectangular area in the middle, the Phoenix Islands,
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์ง์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜• ๊ตฌ์—ญ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋’ค์—, ํ”ผ๋‹‰์Šค ์„ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:47
but every other green patch on that
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ดˆ๋ก์ƒ‰ ๊ตฌ์—ญ๋“ค๋„
16:49
has its own story.
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๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
16:51
And what we need to do now
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์€
16:53
is look at the whole Pacific Ocean
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ํƒœํ‰์–‘ ์ „์ฒด,
16:55
in its entirety
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๊ทธ ์ „๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ณ ,
16:57
and make a network of MPAs
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ํƒœํ‰์–‘์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ํ•ด์–‘ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์˜ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ
16:59
across the Pacific
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๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
17:01
so that we have our world's largest ocean
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€
17:03
protected and self-sustaining
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์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋˜๊ณ 
17:05
over time.
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ง€์ผœ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
17:07
Thank you very much. (Applause)
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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