Kevin Bales: How to combat modern slavery

159,039 views ใƒป 2010-03-29

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Joon-hee chung ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jung-Hoon Jee
00:16
You know for me, the interest in contemporary forms of slavery
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์ฒ˜์Œ ํ˜„๋Œ€์˜ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€
00:20
started with a leaflet that I picked up in London.
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๋Ÿฐ๋˜์—์„œ ์ „๋‹จ์ง€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ ‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
It was the early '90s,
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90๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜์—
00:24
and I was at a public event.
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๊ณต์‹ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์— ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:26
I saw this leaflet and it said,
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์ „๋‹จ์ง€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์ด ์“ฐ์—ฌ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:29
"There are millions of slaves in the world today."
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"์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค"
00:32
And I thought, "No way, no way."
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์ „ ์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๋ฆฌ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
And I'm going to admit to hubris.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ ์˜ค๋งŒ์ด์—ˆ์Œ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
00:39
Because I also, I'm going to admit to you,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ œ ๋”ด์—๋Š”
00:41
I also thought, "How can I be like
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๋‚˜๊ฐ™์ด ์œ ๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์ Š์€ ์ •๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
00:43
a hot-shot young full professor
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ธ๊ถŒ์„ ๊ฐ•์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
00:45
who teaches human rights and not know this?
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅผ๋ฆฌ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ .
00:48
So it can't be true."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๋ฆฌ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
Well, if you teach, if you worship
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฐฐ์›€์˜ ์„ฑ์ „์—์„œ
00:52
in the temple of learning,
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๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
00:54
do not mock the gods,
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๋ฐฐ์›€์˜ ์‹ ์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
because they will take you,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€์„œ
00:58
fill you with curiosity and desire,
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ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ๊ณผ ๊ฐˆ๋ง์œผ๋กœ ์ฑ„์šฐ๊ณ 
01:01
and drive you. Drive you with a passion
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์—ด์ •์„ ๋ถˆ์–ด ๋„ฃ์–ด์„œ
01:04
to change things.
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์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ฒŒ ํ•  ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
01:07
I went out and did a lit review,
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์ €๋Š” ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
3,000 articles on the key word "slavery."
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ํ‚ค์›Œ๋“œ๊ฐ€ '๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ'์ธ ๋ฌธ์„œ 3000๊ฐœ ์ค‘
01:12
Two turned out to be about contemporary -- only two.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‘๊ฐœ ๋งŒ์ด ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜€์ฃ .
01:15
All the rest were historical.
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ์ž๋ฃŒ์˜€๊ตฌ์š”.
01:17
They were press pieces and they were full of outrage,
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๋ณด๋„์ž๋ฃŒ์—๋Š” ์˜จ๊ฐ– ์ž”ํ˜นํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋“ค์ด
01:20
they were full of speculation, they were anecdotal --
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์˜จ๊ฐ– ์˜ํ˜น๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋ก๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:23
no solid information.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฏฟ์„ ๋งŒํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
So, I began to do a research project of my own.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
I went to five countries around the world.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ „์—ญ์˜ 5๊ฐœ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
01:30
I looked at slaves. I met slaveholders,
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜๊ณ  ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:33
and I looked very deeply
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์—…์„
01:35
into slave-based businesses
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์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
because this is an economic crime.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
01:40
People do not enslave people to be mean to them.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ํ•ด์ฝ”์ง€ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
01:44
They do it to make a profit.
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๊ทธ์ € ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฒŒ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
01:46
And I've got to tell you, what I found out in the world
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ 4๊ฐœ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์„ ๋Œ๋ฉด์„œ
01:48
in four different continents,
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์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ์—์„œ
01:51
was depressingly familiar.
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์ ˆ๋ง์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ฏ์ต์€ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
Like this:
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
01:56
Agricultural workers in Africa,
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๋†์žฅ์˜ ๋…ธ๋™์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
whipped and beaten,
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์ฑ„์ฐ์งˆ ๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‘๋“ค๊ฒจ ๋งž์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
showing us how they were beaten in the fields
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๋†์žฅ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งž์•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
before they escaped from slavery
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ฃผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํƒˆ์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „
02:05
and met up with our film crew.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ดฌ์˜ ์ง์›์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:07
It was mind-blowing.
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์ •๋ง ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
And I want to be very clear.
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋ฐํ˜€๋‘๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ,
02:14
I'm talking about real slavery.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
This is not about lousy marriages,
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ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์ด๋ผ๋˜๊ฐ€
02:18
this is not about jobs that suck.
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ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†๋Š” ์ง์žฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
This is about people who can not walk away,
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๋„๋ง๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†๊ณ 
02:23
people who are forced to work without pay,
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๋ณด์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†์ด, ์‰ฌ๋Š” ๋‚ ๋„ ์—†์ด ์ผํ•˜๋Š”
02:25
people who are operating 24/7
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
under a threat of violence
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ํญ๋ ฅ์˜ ์œ„ํ˜‘ ์•„๋ž˜
02:30
and have no pay.
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์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๋„ ์—†์ด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:33
It's real slavery in exactly the same way
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ๋Š”
02:35
that slavery would be recognized
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์ธ๋ฅ˜์—ญ์‚ฌ ์ „๋ฐ˜์— ๊ฑธ์นœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ์™€
02:37
throughout all of human history.
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๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋„๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
Now, where is it?
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์€ ์–ด๋””์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
02:42
Well, this map in the sort of redder, yellower colors
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์ง€๋„์—์„œ ๋นจ๊ฐ›๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ž€์ƒ‰๊น”์„ ๋„๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
02:45
are the places with the highest densities of slavery.
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋นˆ๋ฒˆํžˆ ์‹œํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์ฃ .
02:48
But in fact that kind of bluey color
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ‘ธ๋ฅธ์ƒ‰๊น”์„ ๋„๋Š” ๊ณณ์€
02:50
are the countries where we can't find any cases of slavery.
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ ๋Š” ์ฐพ์•„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
And you might notice that it's only Iceland and Greenland
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๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ด์Šฌ๋ž€๋“œ,๊ทธ๋ฆฐ๋ž€๋“œ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
where we can't find any cases of enslavement
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์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์œ ์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ๋งŒ์€
02:58
around the world.
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
We're also particularly interested
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํŠนํžˆ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
03:02
and looking very carefully
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์ฃผ์˜ ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•œ
03:04
at places where
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๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์ง€์—ญ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
slaves are being used to perpetrate
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์„œ
03:10
extreme environmental destruction.
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๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝํŒŒ๊ดด๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
Around the world, slaves are used to destroy the environment,
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์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝํŒŒ๊ดด์— ์ด์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:17
cutting down trees in the Amazon; destroying
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์•„๋งˆ์กด์—์„œ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋ฒŒ๋ชฉํ•˜๊ณ 
03:19
forest areas in West Africa;
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์„œ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ์ˆฒ์„ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๋ฉฐ
03:21
mining and spreading mercury around
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๊ฐ€๋‚˜์™€ ์ฝฉ๊ณ  ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š”
03:24
in places like Ghana and the Congo;
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์ฑ„๊ตด์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณณ๊ณณ์— ์ˆ˜์€์„ ํผ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
destroying the coastal ecosystems in South Asia.
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๋‚จ์•„์‹œ์•„ ํ•ด์•ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๋„ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
It's a pretty harrowing linkage
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์—ฐํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๊ณผ
03:33
between what's happening to our environment
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์ธ๊ถŒ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ ์‚ฌ์ด์—
03:35
and what's happening to our human rights.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋น„์ฐธํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:37
Now, how on Earth did we get to a situation like this,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–ด์ฒ˜๊ตฌ๋‹ˆ ์—†๊ฒŒ๋„
03:40
where we have 27 million people
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2์ฒœ7๋ฐฑ๋งŒ๋ช…์ด๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€
03:43
in slavery in the year 2010?
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2010๋…„์— ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ ?
03:45
That's double the number that came out of Africa
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๋Œ€์„œ์–‘์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋œ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์˜
03:48
in the entire transatlantic slave trade.
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๋‘ ๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
Well, it builds up with these factors.
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์ด ์ˆ˜์น˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
They are not causal, they are actually supporting factors.
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์ด๋Š” ์›์ธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋„์›€ ์š”์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
One we all know about, the population explosion:
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์•Œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ฒซ์งธ๋Š” ์ธ๊ตฌ ํญ๋ฐœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
the world goes from two billion people to almost
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20์–ต์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€
04:01
seven billion people in the last 50 years.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ 50๋…„ ๋งŒ์— 70์–ต๋ช…์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
Being numerous does not make you a slave.
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์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
04:06
Add in the increased vulnerability of very large numbers of people
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ทจ์•ฝ ๊ณ„์ธต์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
in the developing world,
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด
04:13
caused by civil wars, ethnic conflicts,
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๋‚ด์ „์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฏผ์กฑ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ
04:16
kleptocratic governments, disease ... you name it, you know it.
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๋ถ€ํŒจ ์ •๋ถ€๋‚˜ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ทจ์•ฝ๊ณ„์ธต์ด ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
We understand how that works. In some countries
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
all of those things happen at once,
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ๊บผ๋ฒˆ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
like Sierra Leone a few years ago,
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๋ช‡ ํ•ด ์ „, ์‹œ์—๋ผ๋ฆฌ์˜จ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
04:25
and push enormous parts ... about a billion people in the world, in fact,
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์•ฝ 10์–ต๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
04:29
as we know, live on the edge,
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์ด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
live in situations where
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ด๋“ค์€
04:33
they don't have any opportunity and are usually even destitute.
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๊ธฐํšŒ๋„ ์—†๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
But that doesn't make you a slave either.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฑด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
What it takes to turn a person who is destitute and vulnerable
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๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•˜๊ณ  ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
04:44
into a slave, is the absence of the rule of law.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฒ•์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
If the rule of law is sound, it protects
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๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๋กœ ๊ฑด์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ†ต์น˜๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:50
the poor and it protects the vulnerable.
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๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•˜๊ณ  ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
But if corruption creeps in
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ€ํŒจ๊ฐ€ ํ‹ˆํƒ€๊ณ  ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋ฉด
04:54
and people don't have the opportunity
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
04:56
to have that protection of the rule of law,
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๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ๋˜๊ณ 
04:58
then if you can use violence,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด๋„
05:00
if you can use violence with impunity,
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์ฒ˜๋ฒŒ์„ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:02
you can reach out and harvest the vulnerable
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์ทจ์•ฝ๊ณ„์ธต์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ํฌํšํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
05:05
into slavery.
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:07
Well, that is precisely what has happened around the world.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์žํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
Though, for a lot of people,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ˆ˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
05:15
the people who step
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ์—
05:17
into slavery today
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ํœ˜๋ง๋ฆฌ๋ฉด์„œ
05:20
don't usually get kidnapped or knocked over the head.
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๋‚ฉ์น˜ ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ป์–ด๋งž์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋Œ๋ ค๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
They come into slavery because
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์ด๋“ค์ด ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
05:26
someone has asked them this question.
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๊ทธ์ € ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
All around the world I've been told an almost identical story.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์–ด๋””์„œ๋‚˜ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
People say, "I was home,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ, "์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์— ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,"
05:33
someone came into our village,
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"๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์„์— ์™”์–ด์š”"
05:35
they stood up in the back of a truck, they said, 'I've got jobs,
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"๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํŠธ๋Ÿญ ๋’ค์— ์„œ์„œ ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ ."
05:37
who needs a job?'"
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"๋ˆ„๊ตฌ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ?"
05:39
And they did exactly what
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์ €๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์–ด๋„
05:41
you or I would do in the same situation.
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๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
They said, "That guy looked sketchy. I was suspicious,
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"๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์™ ์ง€ ์˜์‹ฌ์ฉ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”"
05:48
but my children were hungry.
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"ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ตถ์ฃผ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ ์š”"
05:51
We needed medicine.
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"์•ฝ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”"
05:53
I knew I had to do anything I could
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"ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์ฃ "
05:55
to earn some money to support the people I care about."
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"์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ๋ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋ผ๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ "
05:59
They climb into the back of the truck. They go off with the person who recruits them.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์— ์˜ฌ๋ผํƒ€ ๊ณ ์šฉ์ฃผ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€์ฃ .
06:02
Ten miles, 100 miles, 1,000 miles later,
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10๋งˆ์ผ, 100๋งˆ์ผ, 1000๋งˆ์ผ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๊ณณ์—
06:06
they find themselves in dirty, dangerous, demeaning work.
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๋”๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ณ ๋œ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
They take it for a little while,
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ํ•œ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฒฌ๋ŽŒ ๋ณด๋‹ค๊ฐ€
06:12
but when they try to leave, bang!, the hammer comes down,
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ํƒˆ์ถœํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ฝ! ๋ง์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
and they discover they're enslaved.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ์ฃ .
06:18
Now, that kind of slavery
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ๋Š”
06:21
is, again, pretty much what slavery has been all through human history.
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์ธ๋ฅ˜์—ญ์‚ฌ ์ „๋ฐ˜์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๋ชจ์Šต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
But there is one thing that is particularly remarkable
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด
06:29
and novel about slavery today,
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๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์–‘์ƒ์ด ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
and that is a complete collapse
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋ชธ๊ฐ’์ด
06:35
in the price of human beings --
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ํ„ฑ์—†์ด ๋–จ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
expensive in the past, dirt cheap now.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ๋น„์ŒŒ์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ํ—๊ฐ’์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
Even the business programs have started
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ๋„
06:43
picking up on this.
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๋ชธ๊ฐ’์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
I just want to share a little clip for you.
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๋™์˜์ƒ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ณด์‹œ์ฃ .
06:47
Daphne: OK. Llively discussion guaranteed here, as always,
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์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๋ฐฉ์†ก ํ† ๋ก ์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
as we get macro and talk commodities.
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๊ฑฐ์‹œ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ฐ ์›์ž์žฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
06:52
Continuing here in the studio with our guest Michael O'Donohue,
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์ŠคํŠœ๋””์˜ค์— ๋งˆ์ดํด ์˜ค๋„๋…ธํ›„์”จ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
head of commodities at Four Continents Capital Management.
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4๋Œ€๋ฅ™ ์ž๋ณธ์šด์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ์›์ž์žฌ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ด์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
And we're also joined by Brent Lawson
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ธŒ๋ ŒํŠธ ๋กœ์Šจ์”จ๋„ ๋ชจ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
from Lawson Frisk Securities.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋กœ์Šจ ํ”„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ ์ฆ๊ถŒ์‚ฌ์— ๊ณ„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
Brent Lawson: Happy to be here.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ.
07:04
D: Good to have you with us, Brent.
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๋ธŒ๋ ŒํŠธ์”จ, ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
Now, gentlemen ... Brent, where is your money going this year?
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๋ธŒ๋ ŒํŠธ์”จ,์˜ฌํ•ด ํˆฌ์ž ๊ณ„ํš์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‚˜์š”?
07:10
BL: Well Daphne, we've been going short on gas and oil recently
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์ตœ๊ทผ ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ ์™€ ์„์œ  ๋ถ€์กฑ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
07:13
and casting our net just a little bit wider.
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์‹œ์žฅ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
We really like the human being story a lot.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ์ง€๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:18
If you look at a long-term chart,
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์žฅ๊ธฐ ์ฐจํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด์š”,
07:21
prices are at historical lows and yet global demand
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๋ชธ๊ฐ’์€ ์œ ๋ก€์—†์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ง€๋งŒ
07:23
for forced labor is still real strong.
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๊ฐ•์ œ๋…ธ๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ˆ˜์š”๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
So, that's a scenario that we think we should be capitalizing on.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ํˆฌ์žํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:30
D: Michael, what's your take on the people story? Are you interested?
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๋งˆ์ดํด, ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
07:33
Michael O'Donoghue: Oh definitely. Non-voluntary labor's greatest advantage
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ . ์ž์‚ฐ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๊ฐ•์ œ๋…ธ๋™์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ฐ•์ ์€
07:36
as an asset is the endless supply.
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๊ณต๊ธ‰์ด ๋ฌดํ•œํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
07:38
We're not about to run out of people. No other commodity has that.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ . ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์›์ž์žฌ๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
BL: Daphne, if I may draw your attention to one thing.
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๋‹คํ”ˆ์”จ, ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ง์”€ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด
07:43
That is that private equity has been sniffing around,
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์‚ฌ๋ชจํŽ€๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋งก๊ณ ๋Š” ๋ชฐ๋ ค๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
and that tells me that this market is about to explode.
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์ด ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ๊ธ‰์ฆํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด์ฃ .
07:49
Africans and Indians, as usual,
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๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์™€ ์ธ๋„
07:51
South Americans, and Eastern Europeans in particular
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๋‚จ๋ฏธ์™€ ํŠนํžˆ ๋™์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด
07:54
are on our buy list.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ํˆฌ์ž ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์ƒ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
D: Interesting. Micheal, bottom line, what do you recommend?
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ตฐ์š”. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ฒœ์ข…๋ชฉ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”?
07:59
MO: We're recommending to our clients
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ถ”์ฒœํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๋žต์€
08:01
a buy and hold strategy.
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๋งŒ๊ธฐ๋ณด์œ ์ „๋žต ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:03
There's no need to play the market.
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๊ตณ์ด ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ๋…ธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํˆฌ๊ธฐํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
There's a lot of vulnerable people out there. It's very exciting.
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์ทจ์•ฝ์ธต ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋งŽ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”. ์‹ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์–˜๊ธฐ์ฃ .
08:08
D: Exciting stuff indeed. Gentlemen, thank you very much.
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์ทจ์•ฝ์ธต ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋งŽ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”. ์‹ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์–˜๊ธฐ์ฃ .
08:13
Kevin Bales: Okay, you figured it out. That's a spoof.
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์ด์ œ ํ’์ž๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ๊ตฐ์š”.
08:15
Though I enjoyed watching
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž…์ด ์ ์  ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€์‹œ๋Š”
08:17
your jaws drop, drop, drop, until you got it.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
MTV Europe worked with us and made that spoof,
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์ €๋Š” MTV์œ ๋Ÿฝ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
08:24
and they've been slipping it in between music videos
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์•„๋ฌด ์„ค๋ช…์—†์ด ๋ฎค์ง๋น„๋””์˜ค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
without any introduction, which I think is kind of fun.
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์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
08:29
Here's the reality.
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ํ˜„์‹ค์€ ์ด๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
The price of human beings across the last 4,000 years
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์ง€๋‚œ 4๋งŒ์—ฌ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋ชธ๊ฐ’์€
08:34
in today's money has averaged about 40,000 dollars.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋กœ ํ‰๊ท  4๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
Capital purchase items.
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๋ˆ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ’ˆ์ธ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
08:40
You can see that the lines cross when the population explodes.
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์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰์ฆํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์„ ์ด ๊ต์ฐจํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
The average price of a human being today,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ํ‰๊ท  ๋ชธ๊ฐ’์€
08:46
around the world, is about 90 dollars.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ 90๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
They are more expensive in places like North America.
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๋ถ๋ฏธ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ง€์—ญ์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋น„์‹ธ๊ณ ์š”.
08:51
Slaves cost between 3,000 to 8,000 dollars in North America,
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๋ถ๋ฏธ์—์„  ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ 3์ฒœ์—์„œ 8์ฒœ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ •๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
but I could take you places in India or Nepal
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ธ๋„๋‚˜ ๋„คํŒ”์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด
08:58
where human beings can be acquired for five or 10 dollars.
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5๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 10๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
They key here is that
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ ์€
09:03
people have ceased to be that capital purchase item
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ˆ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์— ๊ทธ์น˜๋ฉฐ
09:07
and become like Styrofoam cups.
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์ข…์ด์ปต์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
You buy them cheaply, you use them,
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์‹ผ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์‚ฌ์„œ
09:12
you crumple them up, and then when you're done
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๋‹ค ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ๊ตฌ๊ฒจ์„œ
09:14
with them you just throw them away.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋˜์ ธ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
09:16
These young boys are in Nepal.
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์ด ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์€ ๋„คํŒ”์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:19
They are basically the transport system
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์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด, ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฑ„์„์žฅ์—์„œ
09:22
on a quarry run by a slaveholder.
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์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์†ก์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
09:24
There are no roads there, so they carry loads of stone
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๊ธธ์ด ์—†์–ด์„œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๋Œ์„ ์ง€๊ณ  ์˜ฎ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
on their backs, often of their own weight,
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์ž๊ธฐ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋งŒํ•œ ๋Œ์„ ๋“ฑ์—๋‹ค ๋ฉ”๊ณ ๋Š”
09:30
up and down the Himalaya Mountains.
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ํžˆ๋ง๋ผ์•ผ ์‚ฐ๋งฅ์„ ์˜ค๋ฅด๋‚ด๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
One of their mothers said to us,
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ํ•œ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ €ํฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
"You know, we can't survive here,
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"๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์š”"
09:36
but we can't even seem to die either."
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"ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฃฝ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”"
09:39
It's a horrible situation.
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๋”์ฐํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
And if there is anything that makes me feel very positive about this,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์™€์ค‘์—๋„ ํฌ๋ง์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:45
it's that there are also --
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค ๋ง๊ณ ๋„
09:47
in addition to young men like this who are still enslaved --
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์ด๋“ค์„ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ•˜๋Š”
09:49
there are ex-slaves who are now working to free others.
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ํ•ด๋ฐฉ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
Or, we say, Frederick Douglass is in the house.
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ํ˜„๋Œ€์˜ ๋ ˆ๋“œ๋ฆญ ๋”๊ธ€๋ผ์Šค๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
09:56
I don't know if you've ever had a daydream
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๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹์€ ์ƒ์ƒ์„ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์ด๋ฅผํ…Œ๋ฉด,
09:59
about, "Wow. What would it be like to meet Harriet Tubman?
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๋…ธ์˜ˆํ•ด๋ฐฉ์ž ํ—ค๋ฆฌ์—‡ ํˆฌ๋ธŒ๋งจ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ผ๊นŒ?
10:01
What would it be like to meet Frederick Douglass?"
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๋…ธ์˜ˆํ์ง€๋ก ์ž ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋ฆญ ๋”๊ธ€๋ผ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋ฉด?
10:03
I've got to say, one of the most exciting parts about my job
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
10:06
is that I get to,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‹ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:08
and I want to introduce you to one of those.
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์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
His name is James Kofi Annan. He was a slave child in Ghana
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์ œ์ž„์Šค ์ฝ”ํ”ผํ•˜๋‚œ์€ ๊ฐ€๋‚˜์—์„œ ์ž๋ž€ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๋กœ
10:13
enslaved in the fishing industry,
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์–ด์—…์— ์ด์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
and he now, after escape and building a new life,
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ํƒˆ์ถœ ์ดํ›„ ์ƒˆ ์‚ถ์„ ์ฐพ์€ ๊ทธ๋Š”
10:19
has formed an organization that we work closely with
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์ €ํฌ์™€ ๊ธด๋ฐ€ํžˆ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ด€์„ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ•˜์—ฌ
10:22
to go back and get people out of slavery.
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๊ฐ€๋‚˜์— ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
This is not James, this is one of the kids that he works with.
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์ด ๊ผฌ๋งˆ๋Š” ์ œ์ž„์Šค์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์•„์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
James Kofi Annan (Video): He was hit with a paddle
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์ œ์ž„์Šค: ๋…ธ๋กœ ๋งž์•„์„œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”.
10:29
in the head. And this reminds me
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ์— ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ผํ•  ๋•Œ
10:31
of my childhood when I used to work here.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:35
KB: James and our country director in Ghana,
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์ œ์ž„์Šค์™€ ๊ฐ€๋‚˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ด๋‹น์ž๋Š”
10:39
Emmanuel Otoo are now receiving regular death threats
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๋Š˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์˜ ์œ„ํ˜‘์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
because the two of them managed to get
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์ด ๋‘ ๋ช…์ด ์ธ์‹ ๋งค๋งค ๋ฒ” ์„ธ ๋ช…์„
10:44
convictions and imprisonment for three human traffickers
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๊ตฌํ˜•์‹œ์ผœ ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
10:47
for the very first time in Ghana
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๊ฐ€๋‚˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
for enslaving people, from the fishing industry,
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์–ด์—…์— ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ,
10:51
for enslaving children.
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
Now, everything I've been telling you,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€ ๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด
10:55
I admit, is pretty disheartening.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ€์Šด ์•„ํ”ˆ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
But there is actually a very positive side to this,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธ์ ์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
and that is this: The 27 million people
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๋ฐ”๋กœ 2์ฒœ7๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช… ์ด๋ผ๋Š”
11:04
who are in slavery today,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ ์ˆซ์ž๊ฐ€
11:06
that's a lot of people, but it's also
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๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ด๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
11:08
the smallest fraction
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ ์ค‘ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์€
11:10
of the global population to ever be in slavery.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
And likewise, the 40 billion dollars that they generate
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ ์‚ฐ์—…์€
11:16
into the global economy each year
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์—ฐ๊ฐ„ 400์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
11:18
is the tiniest proportion of the global economy
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์ด์ œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ ๋…ธ๋™์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์—์„œ
11:21
to ever be represented by slave labor.
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์ฐจ์ง€ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋น„์œจ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:25
Slavery, illegal in every country
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์ด๋ฉฐ
11:27
has been pushed to the edges of our global society.
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๊ตญ์ œ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ๋„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ€๋ ค๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
11:32
And in a way, without us even noticing,
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์–ด์ฐŒ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๋งŒํผ
11:35
has ended up standing on the precipice
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ
11:37
of its own extinction,
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๋ฉธ์ข…์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:39
waiting for us to give it a big boot
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ์— ์ผ๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์„œ
11:42
and knock it over. And get rid of it.
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์—†์• ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
And it can be done.
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:46
Now, if we do that, if we put the resources
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž์›์„ ๋ชจ์•„์„œ
11:48
and the focus to it,
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๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด์„œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:50
what does it actually cost to get people out of slavery?
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋“ค๊นŒ์š”?
11:53
Well, first, before I even tell you the cost
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๋น„์šฉ์„ ๋ง์”€ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์ „์—
11:56
I've got to be absolutely clear.
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋ง์”€ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:58
We do not buy people out of slavery.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์„œ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:02
Buying people out of slavery is like
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งˆ์น˜
12:04
paying a burglar to get your television back;
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๋„๋‘‘์—๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ , ํ›”์นœ TV๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ฃ .
12:06
it's abetting a crime.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ถ”๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ง“์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
Liberation, however, costs some money.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ์—๋Š” ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
Liberation, and more importantly
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ํ•ด๋ฐฉ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋”์šฑ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ
12:13
all the work that comes after liberation.
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ํ•ด๋ฐฉ ์ดํ›„์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ฃ .
12:16
It's not an event, it's a process.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ๋กœ ๋๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
It's about helping people to build lives of dignity,
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์กด์—„ํ•œ ์‚ถ์„ ๊ฑด์„คํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
12:21
stability, economic autonomy,
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์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ, ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ž์œจ์„ฑ,
12:23
citizenship.
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์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ถŒ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
12:25
Well, amazingly,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€
12:27
in places like India where costs are very low,
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์ธ๋„์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ์•„์„œ,
12:30
that family, that three-generation family that you see there
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3๋Œ€์— ๊ฑธ์ณ
12:34
who were in hereditary slavery --
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๋Œ€๋Œ€๋กœ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ธ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
12:36
so, that granddad there, was born a baby into slavery --
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์ € ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ํƒœ์–ด๋‚  ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
12:41
but the total cost, amortized
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๋‚จ์€ ๋…ธ๋™๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋ถ„ํ• ์ƒํ™˜ํ•ด์„œ
12:43
across the rest of the work,
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ํ™˜์‚ฐํ•œ ์ „์ฒด ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์•ฝ 150๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
was about 150 dollars to bring that family
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์ด ๋ˆ์ด๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
12:47
out of slavery and then take them through a two year process
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2๋…„๊ฐ„ ์žฌํ™œ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉฐ
12:50
to build a stable life of citizenship and education.
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์•ˆ์ •๋œ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ƒํ™œ๊ณผ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:55
A boy in Ghana rescued from fishing slavery, about 400 dollars.
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๊ฐ€๋‚˜ ์–ด์—… ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์ถœ๋œ ์†Œ๋…„์€ 400๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜€์ฃ .
12:58
In the United States, North America,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ, ๋ถ๋ฏธ์—์„œ๋Š”
13:00
much more expensive. Legal costs, medical costs ...
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๋ฒ•์  ๋น„์šฉ, ์˜๋ฃŒ๋น„์šฉ์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋น„์‹ธ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
13:02
we understand that it's expensive here:
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
about 30,000 dollars.
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๋Œ€๋žต 3๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋“ค์ฃ .
13:06
But most of the people in the world in slavery
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
13:09
live in those places where
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๋น„์šฉ์ด ์ตœ์†Œ๋กœ ๋“œ๋Š”
13:11
the costs are lowest.
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์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:13
And in fact, the global average is about what it is
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ท  ๋…ธ์˜ˆํ•ด๋ฐฉ ๋น„์šฉ์ด
13:16
for Ghana.
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๊ฐ€๋‚˜์—์„œ ๋“œ๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜์ฃ .
13:19
And that means, when you multiply it up,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด ์ด ๋น„์šฉ์„ ํ•ฉ์‚ฐํ•˜๋ฉด
13:22
the estimated cost of
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๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ถ”์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
not just freedom but sustainable freedom
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ
13:27
for the entire 27 million people on the planet in slavery
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์ง€๊ตฌ ์ƒ์˜ 2์ฒœ7๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๋Š”๋ฐ
13:31
is something like 10.8 billion dollars --
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์•ฝ 108์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:34
what Americans spend on potato chips and pretzels,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์ด ๊ฐ์ž์นฉ์ด๋‚˜ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ฆ์„ ๋จน๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
13:37
what Seattle is going to spend on its light rail system:
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์‹œ์• ํ‹€์—์„œ ๊ฒฝ์ „์ฒ  ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ,
13:40
usually the annual expenditure in this country on blue jeans,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์ฒญ๋ฐ”์ง€์— ์ง€์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ,
13:44
or in the last holiday period
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ง€๋‚œ ํœด์ผ ๋™์•ˆ์—
13:46
when we bought GameBoys and iPods and other tech gifts for people,
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๊ฒŒ์ž„๋ณด์ด, ์•„์ดํŒŸ ๋“ฑ ์„ ๋ฌผ๋กœ ์ง€์ถœํ•œ ๋น„์šฉ์ด
13:50
we spent 10.8 billion dollars.
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๋Œ€๋žต 108์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:53
Intel's fourth quarter earnings: 10.8 billion.
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์ธํ…”์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ถ„๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜์ต ๋˜ํ•œ 108์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ณ ์š”.
13:57
It's not a lot of money at the global level.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์—์„œ ํฐ ๋ˆ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:59
In fact, it's peanuts.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ํ‘ผ๋ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฆ„ ์—†์ฃ .
14:01
And the great thing about it is that
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€
14:03
it's not money down a hole,
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๊ทธ ๋ˆ์ด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
14:05
there is a freedom dividend. When you let people out of slavery
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์ž์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:08
to work for themselves,
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ํ•ด๋ฐฉ๋œ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด
14:10
are they motivated?
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๋™๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
14:12
They take their kids out of the workplace,
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์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์„ ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ 
14:14
they build a school, they say,
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ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์ง€์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:16
"We're going to have stuff we've never had before like three squares,
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"์ „์— ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”"
14:19
medicine when we're sick,
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"์•„ํ”Œ ๋•Œ ์•ฝ์„ ๋จน์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,"
14:21
clothing when we're cold."
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"์ถ”์šฐ๋ฉด ์˜ท์„ ์ž…์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”."
14:23
They become consumers and producers
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์ด๋“ค์ด ์†Œ๋น„์ž์™€ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
and local economies begin to spiral up very rapidly.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€์—ญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„๋‚˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
14:30
That's important, all of that
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ
14:32
about how we rebuild sustainable freedom,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด์„ค ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:34
because we'd never want to repeat
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด 1865๋…„์— ๊ฒช์—ˆ๋˜ ์ผ์„
14:38
what happened in this country in 1865.
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๋˜ํ’€์ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ์›์น˜ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
14:41
Four million people were lifted up out of slavery
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4๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ํ’€๋ ค๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:44
and then dumped.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ๋ฒ„๋ ค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:47
Dumped without political participation,
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์ฐธ์ •๊ถŒ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ 
14:49
decent education,
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ต์œก๋„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:51
any kind of real opportunity
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์—์„œ
14:53
in terms of economic lives,
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์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:55
and then sentenced to generations of
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ช‡ ์„ธ๋Œ€์— ๊ฑธ์ณ์„œ
14:58
violence and prejudice and discrimination.
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ํญ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ํŽธ๊ฒฌ, ์ฐจ๋ณ„๋Œ€์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์ฃ .
15:00
And America is still paying the price
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ทธ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์น˜๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:02
for the botched emancipation of 1865.
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1865๋…„ ์—‰๋ง์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ์˜ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€์ฃ .
15:06
We have made a commitment
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:08
that we will never let people
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๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
15:10
come out of slavery on our watch,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ˆˆ ์•ž์—์„œ ์ด๋ฅ˜ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋ฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
15:12
and end up as second class citizens.
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์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ—ˆ๋ฝํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:15
It's just not going to happen.
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์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
15:17
This is what liberation really looks like.
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์ง„์ •ํ•œ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
Children rescued from slavery in the fishing industry in Ghana,
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๊ฐ€๋‚˜์˜ ์–ด์—… ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์ถœ๋œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด
15:33
reunited with their parents,
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ณ 
15:35
and then taken with their parents back to their villages
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€
15:37
to rebuild their economic well-being
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ฒˆ์˜์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด
15:39
so that they become slave-proof --
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ง‰๊ณ 
15:42
absolutely unenslaveable.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:45
Now, this woman
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์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€
15:47
lived in a village in Nepal.
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๋„คํŒ”์˜ ํ•œ ๋งˆ์„์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:49
We'd been working there about a month.
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:52
They had just begun to come out of a hereditary kind of slavery.
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๋Œ€๋Œ€๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง„ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด์ œ์•ผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜์„œ
15:56
They'd just begun to light up a little bit,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ์–ผ๊ตด์ด ๋ฐ์•„์ง€๊ณ 
15:58
open up a little bit.
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๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์—ด์–ด ๋ณด์ด๋ ค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:00
But when we went to speak with her, when we took this photograph,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์„œ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์„ ๋•Œ
16:02
the slaveholders were still menacing us
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
16:07
from the sidelines. They hadn't been really pushed back.
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ฃผ๋“ค์€ ์˜†์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์„œ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:10
I was frightened. We were frightened.
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๊ฒ์ด ๋‚ฌ์ฃ . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒ์ด ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:13
We said to her, "Are you worried? Are you upset?"
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ฑฑ์ •๋˜๋‚˜์š”? ๋ถˆํŽธํ•œ๊ฐ€์š”?"
16:16
She said, "No, because we've got hope now.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๊ธธ, "์•„๋‡จ, ์ด์   ํฌ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์ž–์•„์š”"
16:20
How could we not succeed," she said,
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"์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”"
16:24
"when people like you from the other side of the world
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"๋‹น์‹  ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ์—์„œ ์™€์„œ,"
16:28
are coming here to stand beside us?"
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌํŽธ์ด ๋˜์–ด์ฃผ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์—์š”."
16:31
Okay, we have to ask ourselves,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ž๋ฌธํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
16:35
are we willing to live in a world with slavery?
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๊ฐ€์š”?
16:39
If we don't take action, we just leave ourselves open
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ํ–‰๋™๋„ ์ทจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
16:42
to have someone else jerk the strings
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ƒํ’ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์—
16:44
that tie us to slavery in the products we buy,
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฎ์ด๋„๋ก
16:47
and in our government policies.
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๋‚ด๋ฒ„๋ ค ๋‘๋Š” ์…ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
And yet, if there's one thing that every human being can agree on,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋™์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
16:53
I think it's that slavery should end.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ ๊ทผ์ ˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:57
And if there is a fundamental violation
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์กด์—„์„ฑ์„
16:59
of our human dignity
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๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์นจํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
17:02
that we would all say is horrific,
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋”์ฐํ•ดํ•˜๋Š”
17:04
it's slavery.
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:06
And we've got to say,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž๋ฌธ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:09
what good is all of our intellectual
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๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ง€์„ฑ๊ณผ
17:12
and political and economic power --
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์ •์น˜์  ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์ธ ํž˜์ด,
17:14
and I'm really thinking intellectual power in this room --
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋„ ์ฒ ํํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
17:18
if we can't use it to bring slavery to an end?
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์ด ๋ฐฉ ์•ˆ์˜ ์ง€์„ฑ์ด ๋ฌด์Šจ ์†Œ์šฉ์ด ์žˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
17:21
I think there is enough intellectual power in this room
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ชจ์ธ ์ง€์„ฑ์˜ ํž˜์œผ๋กœ
17:23
to bring slavery to an end.
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ๋ฅผ ์—†์•จ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:25
And you know what? If we can't do that,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด,
17:28
if we can't use our intellectual power to end slavery,
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ ๊ทผ์ ˆ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง€์„ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด
17:31
there is one last question:
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์˜๋ฌธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:34
Are we truly free?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ž์œ ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
17:36
Okay, thank you so much.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:38
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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