Adam Spencer: Why I fell in love with monster prime numbers

290,872 views ・ 2013-09-03

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: K Bang κ²€ν† : Ahreum Woo
00:12
Ah yes, those university days,
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ο»Ώμ•„, 제 λŒ€ν•™μ‹œμ ˆμ€ 말이죠.
00:15
a heady mix of Ph.D-level pure mathematics
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박사 μˆ˜μ€€μ˜ 순수 μˆ˜ν•™κ³Ό 세계 ν† λ‘  λŒ€νšŒλ‘œ
00:19
and world debating championships,
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λ°”μœ λ‚˜λ‚ μ˜ μ—°μ†μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:22
or, as I like to say, "Hello, ladies. Oh yeah."
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정말 멋지지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
λŒ€ν•™ μ‹œμ ˆμ˜ 제 λͺ¨μŠ΅μ΄
00:27
Didn't get much sexier than the Spence
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00:29
at university, let me tell you.
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κ°€μž₯ μ„Ήμ‹œν–ˆλ‹€κ³  λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦΄ 수 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
00:30
It is such a thrill for a humble breakfast radio announcer
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호주 μ‹œλ“œλ‹ˆμ—μ„œ 온 μ•„μΉ¨ λΌλ””μ˜€ 방솑 μ§„ν–‰μžκ°€
00:35
from Sydney, Australia, to be here on the TED stage
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말 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ 지ꡬ λ°˜λŒ€νŽΈμ—μ„œ
00:37
literally on the other side of the world.
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TED λ¬΄λŒ€μ— μ„œκ²Œ λ˜λ‹€λ‹ˆ 정말 κΈ°μ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:39
And I wanted to let you know, a lot of the things you've heard
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ•Œκ³  κ³„μ‹œλŠ” ν˜Έμ£Όμ— λŒ€ν•œ μ†Œλ¬Έμ€
00:41
about Australians are true.
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λ§Žμ€ λΆ€λΆ„ μ‚¬μ‹€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:43
From the youngest of ages, we display
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우리 호주 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 어릴 λ•ŒλΆ€ν„°
λ›°μ–΄λ‚œ μš΄λ™ 재λŠ₯을 λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:45
a prodigious sporting talent.
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00:47
On the field of battle, we are brave and noble warriors.
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μš΄λ™μž₯μ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μš©κ°ν•˜κ³  λͺ…μ˜ˆλ‘œμš΄ 전사듀이기도 ν•˜μ£ .
00:52
What you've heard is true.
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00:52
Australians, we don't mind a bit of a drink,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ λ“€μœΌμ‹  것은 λͺ¨λ‘ μ‚¬μ‹€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ €ν¬λŠ” μŒμ£Όμ— κ΄€λŒ€ν•œ νŽΈμ΄μ—μš”.
00:56
sometimes to excess, leading to embarrassing social situations. (Laughter)
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λ•Œλ‘œλŠ” 과음으둜 μ°½ν”Όν•œ 상황에 놓이기도 ν•˜κ³ μš”. (μ›ƒμŒ)
01:00
This is my father's work Christmas party, December 1973.
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1973λ…„ 저희 아버지 직μž₯μ—μ„œμ˜ 크리슀마슀 νŒŒν‹° μ‚¬μ§„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:06
I'm almost five years old. Fair to say,
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μ œκ°€ 5μ‚΄ λ¬΄λ ΅μ΄μ—μš”. 보면 μ•„μ‹œκ² μ§€λ§Œ
01:08
I'm enjoying the day a lot more than Santa was.
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산타보닀 μ œκ°€ 더 μ‹ λ‚¬μ–΄μš”.
01:11
But I stand before you today
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κ·Έλ ‡μ§€λ§Œ μ €λŠ” 였늘
01:14
not as a breakfast radio host,
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λΌλ””μ˜€ 방솑 μ§„ν–‰μžλ„ 코미디언도 μ•„λ‹Œ
01:16
not as a comedian, but as someone who was, is,
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μˆ˜ν•™μžλ‘œμ„œ 이 μžλ¦¬μ— μ„°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:20
and always will be a mathematician.
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μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€λŠ” λ¬Όλ‘  μ•žμœΌλ‘œλ„ μˆ˜ν•™μžλ‘œ 남을 κ±°κ³ μš”.
01:23
And anyone who's been bitten by the numbers bug
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μˆ˜ν•™μ— 홀렀보신 뢄듀은 μ•„μ‹œκ² μ§€λ§Œ
01:25
knows that it bites early and it bites deep.
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이 녀석은 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ 어릴 λ•Œ, μ•„μ£Ό μ™„μ „νžˆ 정신이 νŒ”λ¦¬κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:29
I cast my mind back when I was in second grade
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μ œκ°€ μ‹œλ“œλ‹ˆ μ™Έκ³½μ˜ λ³΄λ‘œλ‹ˆμ•„ νŒŒν¬λΌλŠ”
01:32
at a beautiful little government-run school
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μ•„λ‹΄ν•œ κ³΅λ¦½ν•™κ΅μ˜
01:34
called Boronia Park in the suburbs of Sydney,
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2ν•™λ…„ μ‹œμ ˆμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:38
and as we came up towards lunchtime, our teacher,
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μ–΄λŠ λ‚  점심 μ‹œκ°„ 무렡
01:40
Ms. Russell, said to the class,
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λ‹΄μž„μ΄μ…¨λ˜ λŸ¬μ…€ μ„ μƒλ‹˜κ»˜μ„œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§μ”€ν•˜μ…¨μ–΄μš”.
01:41
"Hey, year two. What do you want to do after lunch?
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"μ–˜λ“€μ•„, 였늘 점심 λ¨Ήκ³  λ­ν• κΉŒ?
01:44
I've got no plans."
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μ„ μƒλ‹˜μ€ 생각해둔 게 μ—†λŠ”λ°."
01:46
It was an exercise in democratic schooling,
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이런 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ€ 민주적 ꡐ윑 방침의 μΌλΆ€μ˜€μ–΄μš”.
01:49
and I am all for democratic schooling, but we were only seven.
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λ¬Όλ‘  μ•„μ£Ό 쒋은 방식이죠. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 저흰 겨우 일곱 μ‚΄μ΄μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
01:54
So some of the suggestions we made as to what
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 저희가 내놓은 μ œμ•ˆμ€
01:56
we might want to do after lunch were a little bit impractical,
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썩 μ“Έλͺ¨κ°€ μžˆμ§„ μ•Šμ•˜μ£ .
01:58
and after a while, someone made a particularly silly suggestion
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹€ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€ 정말 바보같은 μ œμ•ˆμ„ ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
02:00
and Ms. Russell patted them down with that gentle aphorism,
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μ„ μƒλ‹˜κ»˜μ„  상λƒ₯ν•˜κ²Œ 타이λ₯΄μ…¨μ£ .
02:03
"That wouldn't work.
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"그건 μ•ˆλ  것 κ°™κ΅¬λ‚˜.
02:04
That'd be like trying to put a square peg through a round hole."
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그건 λ„€λͺ¨λ‚œ λ§λšμ„ λ™κ·Έλž€ ꡬ멍에 λ„£λŠ” 것과 κ°™κ±°λ“ ."
02:08
Now I wasn't trying to be smart.
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μ „ κ±°κΈ°μ„œ μž˜λ‚œ μ²™ν•  생각도 μ—†μ—ˆκ³ 
02:10
I wasn't trying to be funny.
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μΉœκ΅¬λ“€μ„ 웃길 λ§ˆμŒλ„ μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:11
I just politely raised my hand,
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κ·Έμ € 예의 λ°”λ₯΄κ²Œ 손을 λ“€κ³ 
μ„ μƒλ‹˜κ»˜μ„œ 절 지λͺ©ν•˜μ‹œμž
02:14
and when Ms. Russell acknowledged me, I said,
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02:15
in front of my year two classmates, and I quote,
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μΉœκ΅¬λ“€ μ•žμ—μ„œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:18
"But Miss,
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"κ·Έλ ‡μ§€λ§Œ μ„ μƒλ‹˜,
02:22
surely if the diagonal of the square
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λ§Œμ•½ λ„€λͺ¨μ˜ λŒ€κ°μ„ μ΄
02:25
is less than the diameter of the circle,
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λ™κ·ΈλΌλ―Έμ˜ 지름보닀 μž‘λ‹€λ©΄
02:30
well, the square peg will pass quite easily through the round hole."
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말뚝이 λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ ꡬ멍에 듀어가지 μ•Šμ„κΉŒμš”?"
02:33
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
"ν† μŠ€νŠΈλ₯Ό 농ꡬ κ³¨λŒ€μ— λ„£λŠ” κ±°λž‘ λΉ„μŠ·ν•˜μž–μ•„μš”?"
02:36
"It'd be like putting a piece of toast through a basketball hoop, wouldn't it?"
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02:40
And there was that same awkward silence
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제 말이 λλ‚˜μž κ΅μ‹€μ—λŠ”
02:42
from most of my classmates,
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μ–΄μƒ‰ν•œ 침묡이 ν˜λ €μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:43
until sitting next to me, one of my friends,
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μ†Œμœ„ μž˜λ‚˜κ°€λŠ” 친ꡬ이자 제 μ§μ΄μ—ˆλ˜ μŠ€ν‹°λΈμ΄
02:45
one of the cool kids in class, Steven, leaned across
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제 머리λ₯Ό 정말 μ„Έκ²Œ λ•Œλ¦¬λ©΄μ„œ
02:47
and punched me really hard in the head.
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침묡이 λλ‚¬κ³ μš”.
02:50
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
02:51
Now what Steven was saying was, "Look, Adam,
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μŠ€ν‹°λΈμ΄ 이렇세 λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "잘 λ“€μ–΄, μ•„λ‹΄.
02:53
you are at a critical juncture in your life here, my friend.
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λ„Œ μ§€κΈˆ λ„€ μΈμƒμ˜ κΈ°λ‘œμ— μ„°μ–΄, μ•Œμ•„?
02:58
You can keep sitting here with us.
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계속 μš°λ¦¬λž‘ 같이 앉을 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
03:00
Any more of that sort of talk, you've got to go and sit
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ν•œ 번만 더 그런 μ†Œλ¦¬ ν–ˆλ‹€κ°„
03:02
over there with them."
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μ €κΈ° 범생이 ꡬ역에 μ•‰λŠ” μˆ˜κ°€ μžˆμ–΄.
03:05
I thought about it for a nanosecond.
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μ „ 1λ‚˜λ…Έ 초 λ™μ•ˆ κ³ λ―Όν•˜λ‹€κ°€
03:07
I took one look at the road map of life,
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제 μ•žλ‚ μ„ κ·Έλ €λ³΄κ³ λŠ”
03:11
and I ran off down the street marked "Geek"
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ν†΅ν†΅ν•œ λ‹€λ¦¬λ‘œ 숨 κ°€μ˜κ²Œ
03:15
as fast as my chubby, asthmatic little legs would carry me.
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범생이 κ΅¬μ—­μœΌλ‘œ μž½μ‹Έκ²Œ λ›°μ–΄κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:20
I fell in love with mathematics from the earliest of ages.
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μ „ μ•„μ£Ό 어릴 λ•ŒλΆ€ν„° μˆ˜ν•™μ„ μ’‹μ•„ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:24
I explained it to all my friends. Maths is beautiful.
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μΉœκ΅¬λ“€μ—κ²Œλ„ μˆ˜ν•™μ€ 아름닡고
03:27
It's natural. It's everywhere.
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μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ½κ³ , μ–΄λ””μ—λ‚˜ μžˆλ‹€κ³  μ„€λͺ…ν–ˆκ³ μš”.
03:29
Numbers are the musical notes
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그리고 μˆ˜λΌλŠ” 건 μš°μ£ΌλΌλŠ” κ±°λŒ€ν•œ μŒμ•…μ„
03:32
with which the symphony of the universe is written.
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μ™„μ„±ν•˜λŠ” μŒν‘œμ™€ κ°™λ‹€κ³  λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:36
The great Descartes said something quite similar.
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μœ„λŒ€ν•œ ν•™μž 데카λ₯΄νŠΈλ„ λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ 말을 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:39
The universe "is written in the mathematical language."
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"μš°μ£ΌλŠ” μˆ˜ν•™μ΄λΌλŠ” μ–Έμ–΄λ‘œ μ“°μ˜€λ‹€"κ³  말이죠.
03:41
And today, I want to show you one of those musical notes,
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μ €λŠ” 였늘 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜ κ·Έ μŒν‘œ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό μ†Œκ°œν•˜λ € ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:45
a number so beautiful, so massive,
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κ·Έ κ±°λŒ€ν•¨, κ·Έ 아름닀움에
03:50
I think it will blow your mind.
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정신을 μžƒκ²Œ 될지도 λͺ°λΌμš”.
03:52
Today we're going to talk about prime numbers.
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λ°”λ‘œ μ†Œμˆ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:55
Most of you I'm sure remember that six is not prime
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6은 μ†Œμˆ˜κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλŠ” κ±Έ λ‹€λ“€ 잘 μ•„μ‹œκ² μ£ .
03:59
because it's 2 x 3.
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6은 2 κ³±ν•˜κΈ° 3이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:01
Seven is prime because it's 1 x 7,
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7은 1 κ³±ν•˜κΈ° 7μ΄λ―€λ‘œ μ†Œμˆ˜μ£ .
04:05
but we can't break it down into any smaller chunks,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이λ₯Ό 더 μž‘μ€ λ‹¨μœ„λ‘œ λ‚˜λˆŒ μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:08
or as we call them, factors.
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즉, λ‹€λ₯Έ μΈμˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ†Œμˆ˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ λͺ‡ 가지 사싀을 μ•Œλ €λ“œλ¦΄κ²Œμš”.
04:10
Now a few things you might like to know about prime numbers.
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04:12
One is not prime.
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1은 μ†Œμˆ˜κ°€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:14
The proof of that is a great party trick
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λͺ¨μž„μ—μ„œ 이걸 증λͺ…ν•˜λ©΄ λΆ„μœ„κΈ° λ„μš°κΈ°μ— λ”±μ΄μ§€λ§Œ
04:17
that admittedly only works at certain parties.
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그런 λͺ¨μž„은 λ“œλ¬Όμ£ .
(μ›ƒμŒ)
04:20
(Laughter)
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04:23
Another thing about primes, there is no final biggest prime number.
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λ˜ν•œ κ°€μž₯ 큰 μ†Œμˆ˜λΌλŠ” 건 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:26
They keep going on forever.
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μ†Œμˆ˜λŠ” 끝이 μ—†μ–΄μš”.
04:28
We know there are an infinite number of primes
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인λ₯˜κ°€ μ†Œμˆ˜μ˜ λ¬΄ν•œν•¨μ„ μ•Œκ²Œ 된 건
04:29
due to the brilliant mathematician Euclid.
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μœ„λŒ€ν•œ μˆ˜ν•™μž μœ ν΄λ¦¬λ“œ λ•λΆ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:31
Over thousands of years ago, he proved that for us.
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수 천 λ…„ 전에 이λ₯Ό 증λͺ…ν–ˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
04:35
But the third thing about prime numbers,
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그리고 μ„Έ 번째 사싀은 λ°”λ‘œ
04:36
mathematicians have always wondered,
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μˆ˜ν•™μžλ“€μ΄λΌλ©΄ λˆ„κ΅¬λ‚˜ ν•œλ²ˆμ―€
04:38
well at any given moment in time,
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ν˜„μ‘΄ν•˜λŠ” κ°€μž₯ 큰 μ†Œμˆ˜κ°€ 무엇인지
04:40
what is the biggest prime that we know about?
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κ³ λ―Όν•΄ λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:43
Today we're going to hunt for that massive prime.
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였늘 ν•œλ²ˆ κ·Έ μ†Œμˆ˜λ₯Ό 찾아보도둝 ν•˜μ£ .
04:47
Don't freak out.
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λ„ˆλ¬΄ 놀라싀 ν•„μš” μ—†μ–΄μš”.
04:50
All you need to know, of all the mathematics
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μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ λ°°μš°μ‹  μˆ˜ν•™ λ‚΄μš©μ„
04:53
you've ever learned, unlearned, crammed, forgotten,
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이해λ₯Ό ν–ˆλ“  μ•„λ‹ˆλ“ , 벼락치기λ₯Ό ν–ˆλ‹€κ°€ κΉŒλ¨Ήμ—ˆλ“ 
04:58
never understood in the first place,
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ μ²˜μŒλΆ€ν„° 이해λ₯Ό λͺ»ν–ˆλ“  상관없이
05:00
all you need to know is this:
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ν•˜λ‚˜λ§Œ μ•„μ‹œλ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:02
When I say 2 ^ 5,
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μ œκ°€ 2의 5승이라고 ν•˜λ©΄
05:06
I'm talking about five little number twos next to each other
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2λ₯Ό λ‹€μ„― 개 λ‚˜λž€νžˆ 놓고
05:09
all multiplied together,
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μ„œλ‘œ κ³±ν•œλ‹€λŠ” μ˜λ―Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:10
2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2.
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2 κ³±ν•˜κΈ° 2 κ³±ν•˜κΈ° 2 κ³±ν•˜κΈ° 2 κ³±ν•˜κΈ° 2.
05:14
So 2 ^ 5 is 2 x 2 = 4,
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2의 5μŠΉμ€ 2 κ³±ν•˜κΈ° 2 ν•΄μ„œ 4
05:17
8, 16, 32.
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8, 16, 32μ£ .
05:19
If you've got that, you're with me for the entire journey. Okay?
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μ΄κ²ƒλ§Œ μ•„μ‹œλ©΄ 아무 문제 없을 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:23
So 2 ^ 5,
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μ•„λ¬΄νŠΌ 2의 5μŠΉμ΄λž€
05:25
those five little twos multiplied together.
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2λ₯Ό 5번 κ³±ν•œ μˆ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:26
(2 ^ 5) - 1 = 31.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ 1을 λΉΌλ©΄ 31μ΄μ§€μš”.
31은 μ†Œμˆ˜μ΄κ³ , μ§€μˆ˜μΈ 5도
05:31
31 is a prime number, and that five in the power
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05:34
is also a prime number.
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μ—­μ‹œ μ†Œμˆ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:36
And the vast bulk of massive primes we've ever found
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μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ λ°œκ²¬ν•œ 큰 μ†Œμˆ˜μ˜ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ€
05:40
are of that form:
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이와 같은 ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό κ°–μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:41
two to a prime number, take away one.
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2의 μ†Œμˆ˜ μ œκ³±μ—μ„œ 1을 λΉΌλŠ” 것이죠.
더 μžμ„Έν•œ μ„€λͺ…은 μƒλž΅ν• κ²Œμš”.
05:45
I won't go into great detail as to why,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ„ κ³ λ¬Έν•  생각은 μ—†μœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
05:47
because most of your eyes will bleed out of your head if I do,
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05:50
but suffice to say, a number of that form
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ–΄λ–€ μˆ˜κ°€ μ†Œμˆ˜μž„μ„ 확인할 λ•Œ
05:54
is fairly easy to test for primacy.
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κ°„λ‹¨νžˆ μ“Έ 수 μžˆλŠ” λ°©λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:57
A random odd number is a lot harder to test.
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일반적인 ν™€μˆ˜λ₯Ό ν™•μΈν•˜κΈ°μ—λŠ” 훨씬 더 μ–΄λ €μ›Œμš”.
06:01
But as soon as we go hunting for massive primes,
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큰 μ†Œμˆ˜λ₯Ό κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ
06:03
we realize it's not enough
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아무 μ†Œμˆ˜λ‚˜ λ¬΄μž‘μ • μ§€μˆ˜λ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ°μ—λŠ”
06:05
just to put in any prime number in the power.
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μΆ©λΆ„ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šλ‹€λŠ” 게 곧 λ“œλŸ¬λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:07
(2 ^ 11) - 1 = 2,047,
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2의 11승 λΉΌκΈ° 1은 2,047μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:10
and you don't need me to tell you that's 23 x 89.
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이게 23 κ³±ν•˜κΈ° 89인건 말씀 μ•ˆλ“œλ €λ„ λ‹€ μ•„μ‹œκ² μ£ ?
06:13
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
06:16
But (2 ^ 13) - 1, (2 ^ 17) - 1
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그런데 2의 13승 빼기 1, 2의 17승 빼기 1,
06:19
(2 ^ 19) - 1, are all prime numbers.
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2의 19승 λΉΌκΈ° 1은 λͺ¨λ‘ μ†Œμˆ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:22
After that point, they thin out a lot.
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μ΄ν›„λ‘œλŠ” μ†Œμˆ˜κ°€ λ“œλ­…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:25
And one of the things about the search for massive primes
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큰 μ†Œμˆ˜λ₯Ό κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” 과정이 맀λ ₯적인 μ΄μœ λŠ”
06:27
that I love so much is some of the great mathematical minds
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μ—­μ‚¬μƒμ˜ λ§Žμ€ μˆ˜ν•™ μ²œμž¬λ“€μ΄
06:30
of all time have gone on this search.
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λͺ¨λ‘ 이 λ¬Έμ œμ— 관심을 κ°€μ‘Œλ‹€λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:33
This is the great Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler.
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μŠ€μœ„μŠ€μ˜ μœ„λŒ€ν•œ μˆ˜ν•™μž λ ˆμ˜¨ν•˜λ₯΄νŠΈ μ˜€μΌλŸ¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:36
In the 1700s, other mathematicians said
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1700λ…„λŒ€μ— λ‹€λ₯Έ μˆ˜ν•™μžλ“€μ΄
06:38
he is simply the master of us all.
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슀승으둜 μ‚Όμ•˜λ˜ 뢄이죠.
06:41
He was so respected, they put him on European currency
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μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ§Žμ€ 쑴경을 λ°›μ•˜λŠ”μ§€ μŠ€μœ„μŠ€ ν™”νμ—μ„œλ„ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
06:44
back when that was a compliment.
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μ˜›λ‚ μ—λŠ” 이게 μΉ­μ°¬μ΄μ—ˆλŒ€μš”.
(μ›ƒμŒ)
06:47
(Laughter)
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μ˜€μΌλŸ¬λŠ” κ·Έ λ‹Ήμ‹œμ— κ°€μž₯ 큰 μ†Œμˆ˜λ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:52
Euler discovered at the time the world's biggest prime:
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06:55
(2 ^ 31) - 1.
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λ°”λ‘œ 2의 31승 λΉΌκΈ° 1μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:57
It's over two billion.
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이 μˆ˜λŠ” 20얡이 λ„˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:59
He proved it was prime with nothing more
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μ˜€μΌλŸ¬λŠ” 이λ₯Ό κΉƒνŽœ, μž‰ν¬, 쒅이
07:01
than a quill, ink, paper and his mind.
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그리고 그의 머리만으둜 증λͺ…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이게 큰 수라고 μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹ λ‹€λ©΄
07:05
You think that's big.
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07:06
We know that (2 ^ 127) - 1
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이제 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ•Œκ³  μžˆλŠ” λ˜λ‹€λ₯Έ μ†Œμˆ˜μΈ
07:09
is a prime number.
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2의 127승 λΉΌκΈ° 1의 값은
07:11
It's an absolute brute.
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μ•„μ£Ό μ•Όλ§Œμ μΈ μˆ˜μ—μš”.
07:12
Look at it here: 39 digits long,
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λ³΄μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό 39자리의 μˆ˜λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
07:16
proven to be prime in 1876
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1876λ…„ λ£¨μΉ΄μŠ€λΌλŠ” μˆ˜ν•™μžμ— μ˜ν•΄ 이 μˆ˜κ°€
07:20
by a mathematician called Lucas.
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μ†Œμˆ˜μž„μ΄ 증λͺ…λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:22
Word up, L-Dog.
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Lν˜•, ν•œ 건 ν–ˆλ„€!
07:24
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
07:25
But one of the great things about the search for massive primes,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 큰 μ†Œμˆ˜λ₯Ό κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” 일의 맀λ ₯은
07:28
it's not just finding the primes.
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λ‹¨μˆœν•œ μ†Œμˆ˜μ˜ 탐색 과정이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:29
Sometimes proving another number not to be prime is just as exciting.
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μ–΄λ–€ μˆ˜κ°€ μ†Œμˆ˜κ°€ μ•„λ‹˜μ„ 증λͺ…ν•˜λŠ” 것도 κ½€λ‚˜ 맀λ ₯을 λŠλ‚„ 수 μžˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
07:33
Lucas again, in 1876, showed us (2 ^ 67) - 1,
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λ£¨μΉ΄μŠ€λŠ” 같은 해인 1876년에 21자리 수인
2의 67승 λΉΌκΈ° 1이 μ†Œμˆ˜κ°€ μ•„λ‹˜μ„ 증λͺ…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:39
21 digits long, was not prime.
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07:42
But he didn't know what the factors were.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ μΈμˆ˜λŠ” 찾지 λͺ»ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:44
We knew it was like six, but we didn't know
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6처럼 λ‹€λ₯Έ 두 수의 곱인 것은 μ•Œμ•˜μ§€λ§Œ
07:46
what are the 2 x 3 that multiply together
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2와 3처럼 이λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” μΈμˆ˜λŠ”
07:48
to give us that massive number.
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λͺ°λžλ˜ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:50
We didn't know for almost 40 years
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40λ…„ ν›„ ν”„λž­ν¬ λ„¬μŠ¨ 콜이 λ“±μž₯ν•˜κΈ°κΉŒμ§€
07:52
until Frank Nelson Cole came along.
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아무도 μ•Œμ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:55
And at a gathering of prestigious American mathematicians,
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μ–΄λŠ λ‚  μ €λͺ…ν•œ μˆ˜ν•™μž λͺ¨μž„에 λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚Έ κ·ΈλŠ”
07:57
he walked to the board, took up a piece of chalk,
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칠판 μ•žμ— μ„œμ„œ 뢄필을 λ“€κ³ 
08:01
and started writing out the powers of two:
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2의 제곱수λ₯Ό 써 λ‚΄λ €κ°€κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:04
two, four, eight, 16 --
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2, 4, 8, 16
08:07
come on, join in with me, you know how it goes --
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닀같이 ν•œ 번 μŠμ–΄λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€, λ‹€λ“€ μ•„μ‹œμž–μ•„μš”?
08:08
32, 64, 128, 256,
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32, 64, 128, 256
08:12
512, 1,024, 2,048.
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512, 1,024, 2,048.
08:17
I'm in geek heaven. We'll stop it there for a second.
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범생이 μ²œκ΅­μ— 온 κΈ°λΆ„μ΄μ—μš”. μ΄μ―€μ—μ„œ κ·Έλ§Œν•˜μ£ .
08:19
Frank Nelson Cole did not stop there.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν”„λž­ν¬ λ„¬μŠ¨ μ½œμ€ λ©ˆμΆ”μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:22
He went on and on
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μ“°κΈ°λ₯Ό κ³„μ†ν•˜λ©°
08:24
and calculated 67 powers of two.
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2의 67μ œκ³±μ„ κ³„μ‚°ν–ˆμ£ .
08:28
He took away one and wrote that number on the board.
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κ±°κΈ°μ„œ 1을 λΊ€ ν›„ κ·Έ 값을 μΉ νŒμ— μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:30
A frisson of excitement went around the room.
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λͺ¨μž„은 ν₯λΆ„μœΌλ‘œ κ°€λ“μ°ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:34
It got even more exciting when he then wrote down
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κ·Έκ°€ μ—¬κΈ° μžˆλŠ” 두 수λ₯Ό 일반적인 κ³±μ…ˆμ˜ ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ
08:37
these two large prime numbers in your standard multiplication format --
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λ‹€μ‹œ μΉ νŒμ— 썼을 λ•Œ μ—΄κΈ°λŠ” λ”μš± κ±°μ„Έμ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:41
and for the rest of the hour of his talk
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그리고 μ•½ ν•œ μ‹œκ°„ κ°€λŸ‰
κ·ΈλŠ” 이 수λ₯Ό μ²˜μ°Έν•˜κ²Œ μΈμˆ˜λΆ„ν•΄ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:45
Frank Nelson Cole busted that out.
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08:50
He had found the prime factors
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2의 67승 빼기 1의
08:52
of (2 ^ 67) - 1.
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μ†Œμˆ˜ 인수λ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„λ‚Έ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:54
The room went berserk --
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λͺ¨μž„은 광기에 νœ©μ‹Έμ˜€μ£ .
08:57
(Laughter) --
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
08:58
as Frank Nelson Cole sat down,
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μˆ˜ν•™ 역사상 μœ μΌν•˜κ²Œ
09:00
having delivered the only talk in the history of mathematics
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말없이 μ§„ν–‰λœ μ„€λͺ…을 마치고
κ·ΈλŠ” μžλ¦¬μ— μ•‰μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:04
with no words.
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09:07
He admitted afterwards it wasn't that hard to do.
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그리 μ–΄λ €μš΄ 일은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆλ‹€κ³  ν›—λ‚  λ°νžˆκΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμ£ .
09:09
It took focus. It took dedication.
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집쀑λ ₯, ν—Œμ‹ κ³Ό λ”λΆˆμ–΄
09:12
It took him, by his estimate,
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그의 계산에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄
09:14
"three years of Sundays."
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"3λ…„μΉ˜ μΌμš”μΌ"이 κ±Έλ Έλ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:18
But then in the field of mathematics,
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그런데 TEDμ—μ„œ λ‹€λ£¨λŠ” λ§Žμ€ λΆ„μ•Όμ—μ„œμ²˜λŸΌ
09:20
as in so many of the fields that we've heard from in this TED,
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09:23
the age of the computer goes along and things explode.
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μ»΄ν“¨ν„°μ˜ μ‹œλŒ€κ°€ λ„λž˜ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
μˆ˜ν•™κ³„μ—λ„ 폭발적인 λ³€ν™”κ°€ μƒκ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:28
These are the largest prime numbers we knew
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μ—¬κΈ° λ³΄μ‹œλŠ” μˆ˜λ“€μ΄ μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ 발견된 κ°€μž₯ 큰 μ†Œμˆ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:30
decade by decade, each one dwarfing the one before
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ν•΄λ₯Ό κ±°λ“­ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ 점점 컀지고 있죠.
09:34
as computers took over and our power to calculate
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컴퓨터가 μΌλ°˜ν™”λ˜μ–΄ 계산 λŠ₯λ ₯이 λ°œλ‹¬ν•œ
09:37
just grew and grew.
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결과라고 ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:39
This is the largest prime number we knew in 1996,
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이 μˆ˜λŠ” 1996λ…„ λ‹Ήμ‹œ κ°€μž₯ 큰 μ†Œμˆ˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:42
a very emotional year for me.
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1996년은 제게 μ•„μ£Ό μ€‘μš”ν•œ ν•΄μ˜€μ£ .
λ°”λ‘œ λŒ€ν•™μ„ λ– λ‚œ ν•΄μ˜€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:44
It was the year I left university.
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1935
09:46
I was torn between mathematics and media.
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μ „ μˆ˜ν•™κ³Ό μ–Έλ‘  μ‚¬μ΄μ—μ„œ κ°ˆλ“±ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:48
It was a tough decision. I loved university.
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μ•„μ£Ό νž˜λ“  κ²°μ •μ΄μ—ˆμ£ . λŒ€ν•™ μ‹œμ ˆμ„ 정말 μ’‹μ•„ν–ˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
9λ…„ 반의 λŒ€ν•™ μƒν™œμ΄ 제 인생 졜고의 μ‹œκ°„μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:51
My arts degree was the best nine and a half years of my life.
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
09:55
(Laughter)
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09:57
But I came to a realization about my own ability.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 제 λŠ₯λ ₯을 κΉ¨λ‹«κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμ£ .
10:01
Put simply, in a room full of randomly selected people,
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λ¬΄μž‘μœ„λ‘œ μ„ μ •λœ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ λͺ¨μž„μ—μ„œλΌλ©΄
10:04
I'm a maths genius.
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μ „ μˆ˜ν•™ μ²œμž¬μΌκ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:06
In a roomful of maths Ph.Ds,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μˆ˜ν•™ 박사 κ³Όμ •μ˜ 학생듀과 ν•¨κ»˜λΌλ©΄
10:08
I'm as dumb as a box of hammers.
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κ³ μ²  λ©μ–΄λ¦¬λΌκ³ λ‚˜ ν• κΉŒμš”.
10:12
My skill is not in the mathematics.
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μ œκ°€ μž˜ν•˜λŠ” 것은 μˆ˜ν•™μ΄ μ•„λ‹Œ
10:14
It is in telling the story of the mathematics.
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μˆ˜ν•™μ— λŒ€ν•œ 이야기λ₯Ό λ“€λ €μ£ΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:18
And during that time, since I've left university,
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μ œκ°€ λŒ€ν•™μ„ λ– λ‚œ 이후
10:20
these numbers have got bigger and bigger,
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μ†Œμˆ˜λŠ” κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ μ»€μ§€λ©΄μ„œ
10:22
each one dwarfing the last,
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이전 기둝을 κ°ˆμ•„μΉ˜μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:24
until along came this man, Dr. Curtis Cooper,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹€ μ»€ν‹°μŠ€ 쿠퍼 박사가 λ“±μž₯ν–ˆμ£ .
10:29
who a few years ago held the record for the largest ever prime,
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이 뢄은 λͺ‡ ν•΄ 전에 κ°€μž₯ 큰 μ†Œμˆ˜λ₯Ό λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆλ‹€κ°€
10:32
only to see it snatched away by a rival university.
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라이벌인 λ‹€λ₯Έ 학ꡐ에 타이틀을 λΉΌμ•—κ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:35
And then Curtis Cooper got it back.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ‹€μ‹œ 기둝을 λ˜μ°Ύμ•˜μ–΄μš”.
10:40
Not years ago, not months ago, days ago.
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λͺ‡ λ…„, λͺ‡ 달 전도 μ•„λ‹Œ 뢈과 λ©°μΉ  전에 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:45
In an amazing moment of serendipity,
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ κΈ°κ°€ λ§‰νžŒ μš°μ—°μœΌλ‘œ 인해
μ „ 이 λΆ„μ˜ 업적을 μ„€λͺ…ν•  μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μŠ¬λΌμ΄λ“œλ₯Ό
10:47
I had to send TED a new slide
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TED 에 λ‹€μ‹œ 보내야 ν–ˆλ‹΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:51
to show you what this guy had done.
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10:53
I still remember -- (Applause) --
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아직도 기얡이 λ‚˜λ„€μš”. (λ°•μˆ˜)
10:55
I still remember when it happened.
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κ·Έ μˆœκ°„μ΄ 아직도 κΈ°μ–΅λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:57
I was doing my breakfast radio show.
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방솑을 μ§„ν–‰ν•˜λ˜ 쀑 νŠΈμœ„ν„°λ₯Ό ν™•μΈν–ˆλŠ”λ°
10:58
I looked down on Twitter. There was a tweet:
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ν•œ νŠΈμœ—μ— 이런 μ†Œμ‹μ΄ μžˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
11:00
"Adam, have you seen the new largest prime number?"
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"μ•„λ‹΄, μƒˆλ‘œ 발견된 κ°€μž₯ 큰 μ†Œμˆ˜ λ΄€μ–΄μš”?"
11:02
I shivered --
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온λͺΈμ΄ λ–¨λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:03
(Laughter) --
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
11:05
contacted the women who produced my radio show out in the other room,
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μ˜†λ°©μ— 있던 λ‹΄λ‹Ή PDλ“€μ—κ²Œ λ°”λ‘œ μ—°λ½ν–ˆμ£ .
11:08
and said "Girls, hold the front page.
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"아직 μ˜€ν”„λ‹ μ •ν•˜μ§€ λ§ˆμš”.
11:11
We're not talking politics today.
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μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ μ •μΉ˜ μ–˜κΈ°λ„ μ•ˆ ν•˜κ³ 
11:12
We're not talking sport today.
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슀포츠 μ–˜κΈ°λ„ μ•ˆ ν•  κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:14
They found another megaprime."
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ κ±°λŒ€ μ†Œμˆ˜κ°€ λ°œκ²¬λμ–΄μš”."
11:16
The girls just shook their heads,
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κΈ°κ°€ λ§‰ν˜€μ„œ 머리λ₯Ό 절레절레 μ “λ”λΌκ³ μš”.
11:18
put them in their hands, and let me go my own way.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ²°κ΅­ 제 λœ»λŒ€λ‘œ λμ–΄μš”.
11:20
It's because of Curtis Cooper that we know,
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이제 μ»€ν‹°μŠ€ 쿠퍼 덕뢄에
11:23
currently the largest prime number we know,
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ν˜„μ‘΄ν•˜λŠ” κ°€μž₯ 큰 μ†Œμˆ˜λŠ”
11:25
is 2 ^ 57,885,161.
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2의 57,885,161 제곱 μž„μ΄ λ°ν˜€μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:33
Don't forget to subtract the one.
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λ¬Όλ‘  μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ 1을 λΉΌμ•Όμ£ .
이 μˆ«μžλŠ” 거의 1,750만 자리의 μˆ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:36
This number is almost 17 and a half million digits long.
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11:43
If you typed it out on a computer and saved it as a text file,
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λ§Œμ•½μ— 이걸 μ»΄ν“¨ν„°λ‘œ μ³μ„œ
ν…μŠ€νŠΈλ‘œ μ €μž₯ν•œλ‹€λ©΄ 22 λ©”κ°€λ°”μ΄νŠΈκ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:47
that's 22 meg.
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11:49
For the slightly less geeky of you,
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μ’€ 더 일반적인 예둜 ν‘œν˜„ν•˜μžλ©΄
11:51
think about the Harry Potter novels, okay?
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해리포터 μ‹œλ¦¬μ¦ˆλ₯Ό 생각해 λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
이게 ν•œ κΆŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:54
This is the first Harry Potter novel.
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이건 μ‹œλ¦¬μ¦ˆ 전체인 일곱 κΆŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:56
This is all seven Harry Potter novels,
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11:58
because she did tend to faff on a bit near the end.
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μž‘κ°€κ°€ λ’€λ‘œ 갈수둝 μ’€ 질질 λŒμ—ˆμž–μ•„μš”.
(μ›ƒμŒ)
12:00
(Laughter)
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12:03
Written out as a book, this number would run
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이 수λ₯Ό μ±…μœΌλ‘œ μ“΄λ‹€λ©΄
κ·Έ κΈΈμ΄λŠ” 해리포터 μ‹œλ¦¬μ¦ˆ 전체에 λ‹€μ‹œ λ°˜μ„ 더해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:06
the length of the Harry Potter novels and half again.
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12:10
Here's a slide of the first 1,000 digits of this prime.
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이 수의 첫 1,000자리λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬μ£ .
12:16
If, when TED had begun, at 11 o'clock on Tuesday,
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이 강연을 μ‹œμž‘ν•œ 11μ‹œλΆ€ν„°
12:19
we'd walked out and simply hit one slide every second,
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1μ΄ˆμ— ν•˜λ‚˜μ”© μŠ¬λΌμ΄λ“œλ₯Ό λ„˜κΈ°λ©΄
12:23
it would have taken five hours to show you that number.
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λ‹€ λ³΄λŠ” 데 5μ‹œκ°„μ΄λ‚˜ 걸릴 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:29
I was keen to do it, could not convince Bono.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 숫자 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜μ‹œλŠ” 보노도 이건 μ–΄λ ΅κ² λ‹€κ³  ν–ˆμ£ .
12:32
That's the way it goes.
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μ–΄μ©” μˆ˜κ°€ μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:34
This number is 17 and a half thousand slides long,
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17,500개의 μŠ¬λΌμ΄λ“œκ°€ ν•„μš”ν•œ μˆ˜λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
그리고 이 μˆ˜λŠ” 7이 μ†Œμˆ˜λΌλŠ” μ‚¬μ‹€λ§ŒνΌ
12:39
and we know it is prime as confidently
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12:43
as we know the number seven is prime.
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ν™•μ‹€ν•˜κ²Œ μ†Œμˆ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:46
That fills me with almost sexual excitement.
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이 μ‚¬μ‹€λ§ŒμœΌλ‘œλ„ 쑰금 λ‹¬μ•„μ˜€λ₯΄λŠ”κ΅°μš”.
사싀 '쑰금'은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:52
And who am I kidding when I say almost?
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12:54
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
12:57
I know what you're thinking:
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μ§€κΈˆ μ•„λ§ˆλ„ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:58
Adam, we're happy that you're happy,
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"당신이 κΈ°μ˜λ‹€λ‹ˆ μš°λ¦¬λ„ κΈ°μ˜λ„€μš”.
13:03
but why should we care?
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그런데 이게 μš°λ¦¬λž‘ 무슨 μƒκ΄€μΈκ°€μš”?"
이게 μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μš΄ 이유λ₯Ό λ”± μ„Έ κ°€μ§€λ§Œ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:06
Let me give you just three reasons why this is so beautiful.
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첫째, μ œκ°€ μ„€λͺ…ν–ˆλ“―이
13:09
First of all, as I explained, to ask a computer
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μ–΄λ–€ μˆ˜κ°€ μ†Œμˆ˜μΈμ§€ μ»΄ν“¨ν„°λ‘œ ν™•μΈν•˜λŠ” 일은
13:12
"Is that number prime?" to type it in its abbreviated form,
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단좕 λͺ…령어와 6쀄 짜리 μ½”λ“œλ§Œ μž…λ ₯ν•˜λ©΄
13:15
and then only about six lines of code is the test for primacy,
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13:19
is a remarkably simple question to ask.
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κ°„λ‹¨ν•˜κ²Œ ν•΄κ²°ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:22
It's got a remarkably clear yes/no answer,
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λ„€/μ•„λ‹ˆμ˜€λ‘œ λΆ„λͺ…ν•˜κ²Œ 닡을 ꡬ할 수 μžˆκ³ μš”.
13:25
and just requires phenomenal grunt.
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컴퓨터 ν•œλ²ˆ λŒμ•„κ°€λŠ” μ†Œλ¦¬λ§ŒμœΌλ‘œλ„ μΆ©λΆ„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:27
Large prime numbers are a great way of testing
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큰 μ†Œμˆ˜λ₯Ό κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” 일은 컴퓨터 칩의 속도와 정확도λ₯Ό
13:29
the speed and accuracy of computer chips.
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μΈ‘μ •ν•˜λŠ” μ•„μ£Ό 쒋은 λ°©λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:32
But secondly, as Curtis Cooper was looking for that monster prime,
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λ‘˜μ§Έ, μ € κ±°λŒ€ν•œ μ†Œμˆ˜λ₯Ό μ°Ύκ³  있던 μ‚¬λžŒμ€
13:35
he wasn't the only guy searching.
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μ»€ν‹°μŠ€ 쿠퍼 뿐만이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ € μ—­μ‹œ κ±°λŒ€ μ†Œμˆ˜λ₯Ό μ°ΎλŠ” λͺ¨μž„μ˜ μΌμ›μœΌλ‘œ
13:37
My laptop at home was looking through
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13:38
four potential candidate primes myself
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13:40
as part of a networked computer hunt around the world
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λ©€λ²„λ“€μ˜ 컴퓨터와 μ—°λ™λœ 제 λ…ΈνŠΈλΆμ„ 톡해
유λ ₯ν•œ ν›„λ³΄μ˜€λ˜ λ„€ 개의 μ†Œμˆ˜λ₯Ό
13:44
for these large numbers.
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ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈ μ€‘μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:45
The discovery of that prime is similar to the work
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이 μ†Œμˆ˜μ˜ λ°œκ²¬μ€ RNA 배열을 ν‘ΈλŠ” μ—°κ΅¬λ‚˜
13:47
people are doing in unraveling RNA sequences,
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13:50
in searching through data from SETI and other astronomical projects.
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SETIλ₯Ό λΉ„λ‘―ν•œ μ²œλ¬Έν•™ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈ 데이터λ₯Ό
13:53
We live in an age where some of the great breakthroughs
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λΆ„μ„ν•˜λŠ” 것과 맀우 ν‘μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‚¬λŠ” ν˜„μž¬λŠ” μ‹€ν—˜μ‹€μ΄λ‚˜ 연ꡬ싀이 μ•„λ‹Œ
13:57
are not going to happen in the labs or the halls of academia
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연ꡬλ₯Ό λ„μš°λ €λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜
13:59
but on laptops, desktops,
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λ…ΈνŠΈλΆμ΄λ‚˜ λ°μŠ€ν¬ν†± ν˜Ήμ€ 손 μ•ˆμ—μ„œ
14:01
in the palms of people's hands
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14:03
who are simply helping out for the search.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 돌파ꡬλ₯Ό
μ—΄ 수 μžˆλŠ” μ‹œλŒ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:07
But for me it's amazing because it's a metaphor
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그리고 μ €λŠ” 이 사싀이 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‚¬λŠ” μ‹œλŒ€κ°€
14:09
for the time in which we live,
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μΈκ°„μ˜ 이성과 기계가 ν•¨κ»˜ λ‚˜μ•„κ°ˆ 수 μžˆμŒμ„
14:11
when human minds and machines can conquer together.
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λΉ„μœ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 쒋은 예라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
TEDμ—μ„œλ„ λ‘œλ΄‡ μ–˜κΈ°λŠ” 많이 듀어보셨을 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:16
We've heard a lot about robots in this TED.
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14:18
We've heard a lot about what they can and can't do.
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λ‘œλ΄‡μ˜ λŠ₯λ ₯κ³Ό κ·Έ ν•œκ³„μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œμš”.
14:20
It is true, you can now download onto your smartphone
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μš”μ¦˜μ—” 체슀의 졜고 μ‹€λ ₯μžλ„ μŠ€λ§ˆνŠΈν°μ— λ‹€μš΄λ°›μ€ μ•±μœΌλ‘œ
14:22
an app that would beat most grandmasters at chess.
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κ°„λ‹¨ν•˜κ²Œ 이길 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:26
You think that's cool.
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λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ 일이죠.
λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ 일을 ν•˜λŠ” 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 기계λ₯Ό μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:28
Here's a machine doing something cool.
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14:30
This is the CubeStormer II.
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νλΈŒμŠ€ν† λ¨Έ II μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:32
It can take a randomly shuffled Rubik's Cube.
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이것은 μž„μ˜λ‘œ μ„žμΈ 큐브λ₯Ό
14:36
Using the power of the smartphone,
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μŠ€λ§ˆνŠΈν°μ„ μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³Έ ν›„
14:39
it can examine the cube and solve the cube
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λ§žμΆ”λŠ” κΈ°κ³„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:46
in five seconds.
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5초 λ§Œμ— 말이죠.
14:49
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
14:52
That scares some people. That excites me.
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λ¬΄μ„­λ‹€λŠ” 뢄듀도 κ³„μ‹œμ§€λ§Œ μ „ 정말 μ‹ λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:56
How lucky are we to live in this age
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이성과 기계가 ν˜‘λ ₯ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”
15:00
when mind and machine can work together?
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μ‹œλŒ€μ— μ‚°λ‹€λŠ” 건 정말 ν–‰μš΄ μ•„λ‹Œκ°€μš”?
15:03
I was asked in an interview last year in my capacity
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μ•„μ£Ό λ³΄μž˜κ²ƒ μ—†μ§€λ§Œ λ‚˜λ¦„ 호주의 유λͺ…μΈμœΌλ‘œμ„œ
15:05
as a lower-case "c" celebrity in Australia,
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μž‘λ…„μ— 인터뷰λ₯Ό ν•˜λ‚˜ ν–ˆλŠ”λ°μš”.
15:08
"What was your highlight of 2012?"
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"2012λ…„ λ‚΄ μΈμƒμ˜ ν•˜μ΄λΌμ΄νŠΈ"κ°€ 무엇인지 λ¬»λ”κ΅°μš”.
15:10
People were expecting me to talk about
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μ œκ°€ μ‹œλ“œλ‹ˆ ν’‹λ³Ό νŒ€μ˜ νŒ¬μ΄λΌλŠ” κ±Έ μ•„μ‹œλŠ” λ§Žμ€ 뢄듀이
15:12
my beloved Sydney Swans football team.
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15:14
In our beautiful, indigenous sport of Australian football,
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μ œκ°€ κ·Έ μ–˜κΈ°λ₯Ό ν•  쀄 μ•„μ…¨λŒ€μš”.
이 νŒ€μ΄ 호주 ν’‹λ³Όμ—μ„œλŠ”
15:17
they won the equivalent of the Super Bowl.
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λ―Έκ΅­ μˆ˜νΌλ³Όμ— ν•΄λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” κ²Œμž„μ—μ„œ μš°μŠΉμ„ ν–ˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
저도 κ±°κΈ° μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 정말 감동적인 μˆœκ°„μ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
15:20
I was there. It was the most emotional, exciting day.
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κ·Έλ ‡μ§€λ§Œ 그게 제 ν•˜μ΄λΌμ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:23
It wasn't my highlight of 2012.
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15:25
People thought it might have been an interview I'd done on my show.
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제 λ°©μ†‘μ—μ„œ ν–ˆλ˜ μΈν„°λ·°λ‚˜
15:27
It might have been a politician. It might have been a breakthrough.
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μ–΄λŠ μ •μΉ˜μΈ ν˜Ήμ€ 큰 μ΄μŠˆλ„ μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:29
It might have been a book I read, the arts. No, no, no.
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μ½μ—ˆλ˜ μ±…, 예술 μž‘ν’ˆλ„ λͺ¨λ‘ μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆκ³ μš”.
15:31
It might have been something my two gorgeous daughters had done.
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μ‚¬λž‘μŠ€λŸ° 두 딸에 κ΄€ν•œ 무언가도 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:33
No, it wasn't. The highlight of 2012, so clearly,
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2012λ…„ 제 ν•˜μ΄λΌμ΄νŠΈλŠ” λ°”λ‘œ
15:36
was the discovery of the Higgs boson.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ κΈ°λ³Έ μž…μžλ“€μ—κ²Œ μžμ‹ μ˜ μ§ˆλŸ‰μ„ λ„˜κΈ°κ³  사라진
νž‰μŠ€ μž…μžμ˜ λ°œκ²¬μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:40
Give it up for the fundamental particle
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이 μ€‘μš”ν•œ μž…μžμ—κ²Œ λ°•μˆ˜ ν•œ 번 쳐 μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
15:43
that bequeaths all other fundamental particles their mass.
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15:46
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
15:47
And what was so gorgeous about this discovery was
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이 발견 뒀에 μˆ¨κ²¨μ§„ 멋진 사싀이 뭐냐면 말이죠.
15:50
50 years ago Peter Higgs and his team
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50λ…„ μ „ ν”Όν„° νž‰μŠ€μ˜ μ—°κ΅¬νŒ€μ€
15:52
considered one of the deepest of all questions:
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μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ μ‹¬μ˜€ν•œ 질문 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μ— μ˜λ¬Έμ„ ν’ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:55
How is it that the things that make us up have no mass?
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"우리λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” μž…μžμ— μ§ˆλŸ‰μ΄ μ—†λŠ” 것이 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œκ°€?"
15:59
I've clearly got mass. Where does it come from?
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"λ‚΄κ°€ 가진 이 μ§ˆλŸ‰μ€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μƒκ²¨λ‚¬μ„κΉŒ?"
16:04
And he postulated a suggestion
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κ·ΈλŠ” λ‹€μŒκ³Ό 같은 μ£Όμž₯을 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:06
that there's this infinite, incredibly small field
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μ•„μ£Ό μž‘κ³  λ¬΄ν•œν•œ νŠΉμ • μ˜μ—­μ΄ 우주 전체에 퍼져 있으며
16:09
stretching throughout the universe,
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16:11
and as other particles go through those particles
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μ—¬κΈ°λ₯Ό ν†΅κ³Όν•˜λŠ” μž…μžλ“€μ΄
16:14
and interact, that's where they get their mass.
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이 μ˜μ—­μ„ κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” μž…μžλ“€κ³Ό λΆ€λ”ͺ치며
μ§ˆλŸ‰μ„ μ–»κ²Œ λœλ‹€λŠ” 것이죠.
16:16
The rest of the scientific community said,
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ν•™κ³„μ˜ λ°˜μ‘μ€ μ΄λž¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:18
"Great idea, Higgsy.
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"쒋은 생각이야, νž‰μŠ€.
16:20
We've got no idea if we could ever prove it.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έκ±Έ 증λͺ…ν•  방법이 μ—†μ–΄.
16:22
It's beyond our reach."
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우리의 λŠ₯λ ₯ 밖이야."
16:24
And within just 50 years,
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그리고 단 50λ…„ λ§Œμ—
16:26
in his lifetime, with him sitting in the audience,
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본인이 직접 μ°Έμ„ν•œ μžλ¦¬μ—μ„œ
16:32
we had designed the greatest machine ever
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ν•œ μΈκ°„μ˜ μƒκ°μ—μ„œ λΉ„λ‘―λœ
16:36
to prove this incredible idea
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이 μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 아이디어λ₯Ό 증λͺ…ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ
16:39
that originated just in a human mind.
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역사상 κ°€μž₯ μœ„λŒ€ν•œ 기계가 νƒ„μƒν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:43
That's what is so exciting for me about this prime number.
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μ œκ°€ μ†Œμˆ˜μ— μ—΄κ΄‘ν•˜λŠ” μ΄μœ κ°€ λ°”λ‘œ μ΄κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:45
We thought it might be there,
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μ–΄λ”˜κ°€ μžˆμ„ 것 κ°™λ‹€λŠ” 생각에
16:47
and we went and found it.
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연ꡬλ₯Ό 톡해 이λ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„λƒˆμž–μ•„μš”.
16:50
That is the essence of being human.
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이것이 λ°”λ‘œ 인λ₯˜μ˜ μ •μ‹ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:54
That is what we are all about.
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우리의 쑴재 μ΄μœ λΌλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:57
Or as my friend Descartes might put it,
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우리의 친ꡬ 데카λ₯΄νŠΈλ„ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:59
we think,
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"μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μƒκ°ν•œλ‹€.
17:01
therefore we are.
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고둜 μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€."
17:04
Thank you.
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κ³ λ§™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:05
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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