Eve Ensler: Security and insecurity

イヴ・エンスラー「セキュリティについて」

翻訳: Takahiro Shimpo 校正: SHIGERU MASUKAWA

I think it'll be a relief to some people and a disappointment to others

安心する方 がっかりする方 いると思いますが

that I'm not going to talk about vaginas today.

ヴァギナの話は今日はしません

I began "The Vagina Monologues" because I was worried about vaginas.

私がヴァギナ・モノローグスを始めたのは ヴァギナが心配だったからです

I'm very worried today about this notion, this world,

今日の この概念 この世界 この行き過ぎた―

this prevailing kind of force of security.

セキュリティの力について大変心配しています

I see this word, hear this word, feel this word everywhere.

どこでもこの言葉を目にし 耳にし 感じます

Real security, security checks, security watch, security clearance.

本物のセキュリティ　セキュリティの確認　監視 クリアランス

Why has all this focus on security made me feel so much more insecure?

この行き過ぎたセキュリティはなぜ私を以前よりも不安にするのでしょうか？

What does anyone mean when they talk about real security?

本当のセキュリティとは何を意味するのでしょう？

And why have we, as Americans particularly,

そして 特に我々アメリカ人はなぜ

become a nation that strives for security above all else?

セキュリティに躍起になる国家になったのでしょう？

In fact, I think that security is elusive. It's impossible.

実際 セキュリティとは捉え所のない 実現不可なものと考えます

We all die. We all get old. We all get sick. People leave us.

人は皆 加齢し 病気し 死にます　時は止まりません

People change us. Nothing is secure.

人は常に変わり 安定などありません

And that's actually the good news.

そしてこれは実際は良い知らせです

This is, of course, unless your whole life is about being secure.

もちろん人生の目標が安全であること でなければ

I think that when that is the focus of your life,

これが人生の目標となると

these are the things that happen.

次のようなことが起こります

You can't travel very far or venture too far outside a certain circle.

長距離旅行を控え 過度に危険な投資は避けるようになります

You can't allow too many conflicting ideas into your mind at one time,

競合するアイデアを一度にたくさんは許容できません

as they might confuse you or challenge you.

あなたを混乱させ脅かす可能性がありますから

You can't open yourself to new experiences, new people,

自分を見失う恐れから 新しい経験 新しい人

new ways of doing things -- they might take you off course.

新しい方法に対して塞ぎこむようになります

You can't not know who you are, so you cling to hard-matter identity.

自分自身を持っておらず 傍目で分かる分類にこだわってしまいます

You become a Christian, Muslim, Jew.

キリスト教かイスラム教かユダヤ教を信仰し

You're an Indian, Egyptian, Italian, American.

インドかエジプト イタリアかアメリカの出身で

You're a heterosexual or a homosexual, or you never have sex.

異性愛者か同性愛者もしくはセックスはしない

Or at least, that's what you say when you identify yourself.

少なくともこの様な事柄が識別要素でしょう

You become part of an "us."

あなたは「我々」の一部であり

In order to be secure, you defend against "them."

安定を求め「彼ら」と対抗するのです

You cling to your land because it is your secure place.

安全な場所から動こうとはしません

You must fight anyone who encroaches upon it.

これを侵すものとは戦わなくてはなりません

You become your nation. You become your religion.

国や宗教で「我々」という区画を形成します

You become whatever it is that will freeze you, numb you

自身を疑いや変化から守り

and protect you from doubt or change.

凍結し無感覚にするものになります

But all this does, actually, is shut down your mind.

しかし 実際はこうなると心がシャットダウンされます

In reality, it does not really make you safer.

つまりあなたの安全は確保されません

I was in Sri Lanka, for example, three days after the tsunami,

私は 例えば津波の３日後スリランカの

and I was standing on the beaches

浜辺に立っていましたが

and it was absolutely clear that, in a matter of five minutes,

ものの５分で９mの津波が押し寄せて

a 30-foot wave could rise up

人々を 飲み込んでしまう

and desecrate a people, a population and lives.

可能性があることは明らかでした

All this striving for security, in fact,

実はこのセキュリティ獲得の努力が

has made you much more insecure

不安感を煽っていたのです

because now you have to watch out all the time.

常に警戒をしなくてはいけないからです

There are people not like you -- people who you now call enemies.

皆さんとは違う人もいます　敵と呼び

You have places you cannot go, thoughts you cannot think,

行けない場所 見向きもしない考え

worlds that you can no longer inhabit.

もう住むことの出来ない世界

And so you spend your days fighting things off, defending your territory

これらを払拭し自らの領域を守る戦いの日々です

and becoming more entrenched in your fundamental thinking.

こうして自分の基本理念によりはまっていくのです

Your days become devoted to protecting yourself.

生きる目的は自らの保護へと変わりました

This becomes your mission. That is all you do.

これがあなたの使命であり なすべきことなのです

Ideas get shorter. They become sound bytes.

アイディアは短調になっていきます

There are evildoers and saints, criminals and victims.

悪者と聖者 犯罪者と被害者

There are those who, if they're not with us, are against us.

「我々」とは違う「彼ら」がいます

It gets easier to hurt people because you do not feel what's inside them.

彼らの内を理解せず 攻撃をいとわなくなります

It gets easier to lock them up, force them to be naked, humiliate them,

監禁し 丸裸にし 辱めたり 奴隷とし

occupy them, invade them and kill them,

侵略し 殺すことも容易となります

because they are only obstacles now to your security.

彼らは我々のセキュリティに対する障害なのです

In six years, I've had the extraordinary privilege through V-Day,

ここ６年 私は国際的女性暴力撤廃運動の

a global movement against [violence against] women,

V-Dayの特権として

to travel probably to 60 countries,

約60カ国を巡り

and spend a great deal of time in different portions.

様々なところで時間を過ごしてきました

I've met women and men all over this planet,

世界中の女性 男性に会ってきました

who through various circumstances --

それぞれが様々な人生を歩んでいます

war, poverty, racism, multiple forms of violence --

戦争 貧困 人種差別 暴力を経験し

have never known security,

セキュリティなど聞いたことがないか

or have had their illusion of security forever devastated.

ありもしないセキュリティの幻を見ています

I've spent time with women in Afghanistan under the Taliban,

アフガニスタンでタリバンの下 女性達と過ごしました

who were essentially brutalized and censored.

当然のように彼女らは暴力で抑圧されていました

I've been in Bosnian refugee camps.

ボスニアの難民キャンプにも行きました

I was with women in Pakistan

パキスタンでは酸で顔を

who have had their faces melted off with acid.

溶かされた女性に会ったこともあります

I've been with girls all across America who were date-raped,

アメリカではデートレイプ被害者や親友に

or raped by their best friends when they were drugged one night.

薬を飲まされレイプされた少女を知っています

One of the amazing things that I've discovered in my travels

私の旅路で見つけた素晴らしいことの一つは

is that there is this emerging species.

新たなタイプの人がいることです

I loved when he was talking about this other world that's right next to this world.

現実の隣にあるもう一つの世界の話が好きでした

I've discovered these people, who, in V-Day world,

V-dayで出会った彼らを

we call Vagina Warriors.

「ヴァギナの戦士」と呼んでいます

These particular people, rather than getting AK-47s,

戦士の心を持った彼らは なたやアサルトライフル

or weapons of mass destruction, or machetes,

大量破壊兵器を手にすることなく

in the spirit of the warrior, have gone into the center, the heart of pain, of loss.

痛みと喪失の心部 中心を歩んでいき

They have grieved it, they have died into it,

苦しみ この中で一度は死にはしましたが

and allowed and encouraged poison to turn into medicine.

こうした毒素を薬に変え

They have used the fuel of their pain to begin to redirect that energy

痛みを燃料とし 彼らのエネルギーを

towards another mission and another trajectory.

別のミッションや方向に向け始めたのです

These warriors now devote themselves and their lives

戦士達は今 彼らの経験が

to making sure what happened to them doesn't happen to anyone else.

繰り返されぬよう精力的に働いています

There are thousands if not millions of them on the planet.

何百万はいなくとも何千もの戦士がいます

I venture there are many in this room.

この会場にもたくさんいると踏んでいます

They have a fierceness and a freedom

彼らは私の考える新たなパラダイムの

that I believe is the bedrock of a new paradigm.

基盤である自由と積極性を持ち合わせており

They have broken out of the existing frame of victim and perpetrator.

加害者 vs 被害者 といった既存の枠組みを脱却しています

Their own personal security is not their end goal,

目指すところは苦しみの転換であって

and because of that, because, rather than worrying about security,

自身のセキュリティではありませんから

because the transformation of suffering is their end goal,

思い悩むことがありません

I actually believe they are creating real safety

彼らは真のセキュリティとセキュリティに対する

and a whole new idea of security.

新たな見方を構想できるのだと思います

I want to talk about a few of these people that I've met.

私の知り合いの話を少しだけします

Tomorrow, I am going to Cairo,

明日カイロでとある女性達と

and I'm so moved that I will be with women in Cairo

出会えることに大きな感動を覚えています

who are V-Day women, who are opening the first safe house

V-day参加者で 中東で初の女性保護施設を

for battered women in the Middle East.

手がけている方達です

That will happen because women in Cairo made a decision to stand up

危険を覚悟し エジプトでの女性暴力問題について

and put themselves on the line,

議論をしようとカイロで女性達が

and talk about the degree of violence that is happening in Egypt,

立ち上がったことで実現を果たしました

and were willing to be attacked and criticized.

更に ここ数年の非難や中傷をも恐れぬ

And through their work over the last years,

強気な活動が功を制して

this is not only happening that this house is opening,

保護施設が開設されるばかりでなく

but it's being supported by many factions of the society

今まで反対していた方達からも

who never would have supported it.

多くの支援を獲得するに至っています

Women in Uganda this year,

今年 ウガンダでのV-Dayで

who put on "The Vagina Monologues" during V-Day,

ヴァギナ・モノローグスを流した女性達は

actually evoked the wrath of the government.

政府の逆鱗に触れてしまったそうです

And, I love this story so much.

私はこの話が大好きです

There was a cabinet meeting and a meeting of the presidents

ヴァギナ・モノローグスのウガンダ入り検討のため

to talk about whether "Vaginas" could come to Uganda.

内閣と大統領らは会議を設けました

And in this meeting -- it went on for weeks in the press,

この集会は数週間報道がされて

two weeks where there was huge discussion.

２週間の大論争を繰り広げました

The government finally made a decision

政府は最終的にウガンダでの

that "The Vagina Monologues" could not be performed in Uganda.

ヴァギナ・モノローグスの上映を禁止しました

But the amazing news was that because they had stood up, these women,

しかし驚くべきは この政府の女性鎮圧の動きと

and because they had been willing to risk their security,

セキュリティをかけて行動した女性達を見て

it began a discussion that not only happened in Uganda,

ウガンダ国内に留まらずアフリカ全土で

but all of Africa.

大論争が巻き起こりました

As a result, this production, which had already sold out,

チケットは全て売り切れていましたが

every single person in that 800-seat audience, except for 10 people,

800人の観客の内の10人以外全員が

made a decision to keep the money.

払い戻しを拒否しました

They raised 10,000 dollars on a production that never occurred.

公開されない芝居に一万ドルが集まったわけです

There's a young woman named Carrie Rethlefsen in Minnesota.

ミネソタにケリー・ラフルソンという若い女性がいます

She's a high school student.

彼女は高校生です

She had seen "The Vagina Monologues" and she was really moved. And as a result,

彼女はヴァギナ・モノローグスを見て 感銘を受け

she wore an "I heart my vagina" button to her high school in Minnesota.

「 I ♥ Vigina(ヴァギナ)」というバッジを付けて登校したほどです

(Laughter)

(笑)

She was basically threatened to be expelled from school.

でも彼女は退学になるのではと怯えていました

They told her she couldn't love her vagina in high school,

学校側はヴァギナを好きになることは 違法であり

that it was not a legal thing, that it was not a moral thing,

非道徳的な上に 良いことではないとして

that it was not a good thing.

彼女にやめるよう命じました

So she really struggled with this, what to do,

こうなると 最高学年で成績優秀な

because she was a senior and she was doing well in her school

彼女は退学を恐れ どうしたものかと悩みました

and she was threatened expulsion. So what she did is she got all her friends together --

最終的に友達を...多分100 - 150人程を集めて

I believe it was 100, 150 students

女子に「 I ♥ Vagina 」 男子には

all wore "I love my vagina" T-shirts,

「 I ♥ Her Vagina (彼女のヴァギナ)」Tシャツを

and the boys wore "I love her vagina" T-shirts to school.

着せて登校させたのでした

(Laughter)

(笑)

Now this seems like a fairly, you know, frivolous,

これは なんだか些細なことに聞こえますが

but what happened as a result of that, is that that school now

結果として この学校では現在 性教育のクラスが設けられており

is forming a sex education class. It's beginning to talk about sex,

初めて 性それ自体について話しが始まったり

it's beginning to look at why it would be wrong

若い女子高生が公でヴァギナの話をしたり

for a young high school girl to talk about her vagina publicly

自分のヴァギナが好きだと公言することが間違っているのか

or to say that she loved her vagina publicly.

その理由を見直す機会が確立し始めています

I know I've talked about Agnes here before,

アグネスの話は以前もしたのですが

but I want to give you an update on Agnes.

近況をお話ししようと思います

I met Agnes three years ago in the Rift Valley.

三年前リフト・バレーでアグネスに会いました

When she was a young girl, she had been mutilated against her will.

幼少時に彼女は望まぬクリトリス切除手術を受けました

That mutilation of her clitoris

この切除は後に彼女の

had actually obviously impacted her life

人生に深刻な影響を与え

and changed it in a way that was devastating.

思い悩ませることになりましたが

She made a decision not to go and get a razor or a glass shard,

自殺や現実逃避などせずに

but to devote her life to stopping that happening to other girls.

他の女性に同じ経験をさせまいと決意したのです

For eight years, she walked through the Rift Valley.

８年間 彼女はリフト・バレーで働き詰めました

She had this amazing box that she carried and it had a

彼女は 人の胴体の模型が入った

torso of a woman's body in it, a half a torso,

素晴らしい箱を携帯しており

and she would teach people, everywhere she went,

行く先々で健康なものと切除を受けた―

what a healthy vagina looked like and what a mutilated vagina looked like.

ヴァギナの違いを教えて回りました

In the years that she walked, she educated parents, mothers, fathers.

この時期 彼女は両親にも性教育を施し

She saved 1,500 girls from being cut.

1500の女性を切除から救いました

When V-Day met her, we asked her how we could support her

V-dayで彼女と知り合い 協力を申し出ると

and she said, "Well, if you got me a Jeep,

「ジープならもっと速く回れるんだけど」と

I could get around a lot faster." So, we bought her a Jeep.

言ったので 私達はジープを贈呈しました

In the year she had the Jeep, she saved 4,500 girls from being cut.

ジープを貰って以来 彼女は4500人の女性を救いました

So, we said, what else could we do?

「他には何か？」 と聞くと

She said, "If you help me get money, I could open a house."

「資金を募ってくれれば 保護施設を建てられるかも」と言いました

Three years ago, Agnes opened a safe house in Africa to stop mutilation.

３年前 切除根絶のためアグネスは保護施設を開設しました

When she began her mission eight years ago, she was reviled,

８年前ミッションを始めた時 彼女は軽蔑や中傷の―

she was detested, she was completely slandered in her community.

標的であり 現地で完膚無きまでに罵られていました

I am proud to tell you that six months ago,

このことをお話出来ることを誇りに思います

she was elected the deputy mayor of Narok.

半年前 彼女はナロクの副市長に選出されました

(Applause)

（拍手）

I think what I'm trying to say here

今日お伝えしたいメッセージは

is that if your end goal is security,

最終目標をセキュリティとして 最終的な成り行きにしか

and if that's all you're focusing on, what ends up happening

焦点を当てていないと

is that you create not only more insecurity in other people,

周囲の人を不安にするだけでなく

but you make yourself far more insecure.

自身の不安も募らせるということです

Real security is contemplating death, not pretending it doesn't exist.

真のセキュリティとは死と向きあうことで 目を背ける事ではありません

Not running from loss, but entering grief, surrendering to sorrow.

損失から逃げず 悲しみを受け入れ 降伏することなのです

Real security is not knowing something, when you don't know it.

真のセキュリティとは知らないことを知ることではなく

Real security is hungering for connection rather than power.

力というよりも関係を貪欲に求めることです

It cannot be bought or arranged or made with bombs.

買ったり 計画したり 爆弾で作ることは出来ません

It is deeper, it is a process, it is acute awareness

我々の中に深く根付いたプロセスであり

that we are all utterly inter-bended,

鋭い感覚なのです

and one action by one being in one tiny town

ある小さな村の一つ一つの行動が

has consequences everywhere.

あらゆるところに影響を及ぼすのです

Real security is not only being able

真のセキュリティとは謎 複雑性

to tolerate mystery, complexity, ambiguity, but hungering for them

曖昧さ これらの渇望への耐久力ではなく

and only trusting a situation when they are present.

現状を信じ抜く力なのです

Something happened when I began traveling in V-Day, eight years ago. I got lost.

８年前V-Dayの旅を始めた際 何かが起こりました　迷子になったのです

I remember being on a plane going from Kenya to South Africa,

ケニヤから南アフリカへ向かう飛行機に乗っていて

and I had no idea where I was.

現在地は知りませんでした

I didn't know where I was going, where I'd come from,

どこへ向かうのか どこから来たのかもわからず

and I panicked. I had a total anxiety attack.

深い不安に襲われパニックに陥っていました

And then I suddenly realized that it absolutely didn't matter

そこで突然気づいたのです 人間は皆

where I was going, or where I had come from

必然的に移動を繰り返すのだから

because we are all essentially permanently displaced people.

どこから どこへ行くのか そんなことは問題ではないと

All of us are refugees.

私達は皆 難民なのです

We come from somewhere and we are hopefully traveling all the time,

どこからか出てきて いつも旅を求めては

moving towards a new place.

新たな場所へ移動するのです

Freedom means I may not be identified as any one group,

自由とは一つの集団に縛られず 訪れる―

but that I can visit and find myself in every group.

先々の集団で自身を見つけられることです

It does not mean that I don't have values or beliefs,

価値観や信念を持っていないのではなく

but it does mean I am not hardened around them.

これに縛られていないということです

I do not use them as weapons.

これらは私の武器ではありません

In the shared future, it will be just that, shared.

共有される未来では 単に共有事項となります

The end goal will [be] becoming vulnerable,

最終目標は脆弱化し

realizing the place of our connection to one another,

塞ぎこみ安全を確保するのではなく

rather than becoming secure, in control and alone.

他社との関係という立場を実現していくのです

Thank you very much.

ありがとうございます

(Applause)

（拍手）

Chris Anderson: And how are you doing? Are you exhausted?

大丈夫ですか？　疲れてませんか？

On a typical day, do you wake up with hope or gloom?

朝起きた時 いつも希望と絶望のどちらを感じますか？

Eve Ensler: You know, I think Carl Jung once said

カール・ユングが言っていました

that in order to survive the twentieth century,

20世紀を生き抜くには 同時に

we have to live with two existing thoughts, opposite thoughts, at the same time.

二つの異なる考えを合わせ持つ必要があると

And I think part of what I'm learning in this process

こうした私の活動で得た教訓の一つは

is that one must allow oneself to feel grief.

悲しみという感情を認めることです

And I think as long as I keep grieving, and weeping,

そして悲しみと涙を受け入れて それでも

and then moving on, I'm fine.

進み続けるなら 私は大丈夫です

When I start to pretend that what I'm seeing isn't impacting me,

目にするものに動揺していないふりをしたり

and isn't changing my heart, then I get in trouble.

心を動かされてないふりを始めたら それこそ問題なのです

Because when you spend a lot of time going from place to place,

国から国へ 街から街へと

country to country, and city to city,

移動してみると 例えば

the degree to which women, for example, are violated,

女性への暴力の度合いやその蔓延

and the epidemic of it, and the kind of ordinariness of it,

平凡さというものが心に大きな衝撃を与え

is so devastating to one's soul that you have to take the time,

今後もしくは今 このことを受け止めるのに

or I have to take the time now, to process that.

時間を要することでしょう

CA: There are a lot of causes out there in the world that have been talked about,

世界には病気 貧困など問題は山ほどありますが

you know, poverty, sickness and so on. You spent eight years on this one.

あなたは女性への暴力反対に８年を

Why this one?

費やしてきました　なぜですか？

EE: I think that if you think about women,

女性とは出産する

women are the primary resource of the planet. They give birth,

我々の原点 母であり 命の源で

we come from them, they are mothers, they are visionaries,

神秘的で 未来だと考えています

they are the future. If you think that the U.N. now says

国連が地球上の３人に１人の女性は

that one out of three women on the planet

一生のうちにレイプや暴力の

will be raped or beaten in their lifetime,

対象となると話をする際には

we're talking about the desecration of the primary resource of the planet,

これは地球の命の源 我々の原点 出産自体を

we're talking about the place where we come from, we're talking about parenting.

冒涜することに当たると考えています

Imagine that you've been raped and you're bringing up a boy child.

レイプ被害者の育児を想像してみて下さい

How does it impact your ability to work, or envision a future,

働く力 将来を見据える力 単なる生存ではなく

or thrive, as opposed to just survive? What I believe is

人生を歩む能力にどんな影響を及ぼすでしょう？

if we could figure out how to make women safe and honor women,

女性の安全と尊厳を確保する方法を見つけられれば

it would be parallel or equal to honoring life itself.

生命そのものの尊重につながると私は信じています