How much sleep do you really need? | Sleeping with Science, a TED series

676,019 views

2020-09-02 ใƒป TED


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How much sleep do you really need? | Sleeping with Science, a TED series

676,019 views ใƒป 2020-09-02

TED


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Transcriber: TED Translators admin Reviewer: Krystian Aparta
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00:00
So far, we've spoken about
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็ฟป่จณ: Moe Shoji ๆ กๆญฃ: Yoko Emori
ใ“ใ‚Œใพใงใฎใ‚ทใƒชใƒผใ‚บใง
00:01
all of the wonderful benefits that sleep provides,
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็ก็œ ใฎใ‚‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ™็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๅˆฉ็‚นใซใคใ„ใฆ ใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸ
00:05
but how much sleep should we actually be getting?
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ใงใ‚‚ ไธ€ไฝ“ไฝ•ๆ™‚้–“ ็œ ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผŸ
00:09
[Sleeping with Science]
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๏ผป็ก็œ ใ‚’็ง‘ๅญฆใ™ใ‚‹๏ผฝ
00:11
(Music)
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๏ผˆ้Ÿณๆฅฝ๏ผ‰
00:13
For the average adult, the current recommendation
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ๅนณๅ‡็š„ใชๆˆไบบใซ ๆŽจๅฅจใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹็ก็œ ๆ™‚้–“ใฏ
00:16
is somewhere between seven to nine hours of sleep a night.
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ใฒใจๆ™ฉใซใคใ ๏ผ—๏ฝž๏ผ™ๆ™‚้–“ใจใ„ใฃใŸใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ™
00:20
And what we've been finding from large-scale epidemiological studies
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ๅคง่ฆๆจกใช็–ซๅญฆ็ ”็ฉถใ‹ใ‚‰ ๅˆ†ใ‹ใฃใฆใใŸใฎใฏ
00:24
is that, using that reference point of seven to nine hours,
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๏ผ—๏ฝž๏ผ™ๆ™‚้–“ใจใ„ใ†ๅŸบๆบ–ใ‚’็”จใ„ใŸๅ ดๅˆ
00:28
once you start to drop below that,
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็ก็œ ๆ™‚้–“ใŒ ใใ‚Œไปฅไธ‹ใซๆธ›ใฃใฆใ—ใพใ†ใจ
00:30
your mortality risk actually starts to increase.
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ๆญปไบก็Ž‡ใŒไธŠใŒใ‚Šๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
00:34
In fact, the Center for Disease Control in the United States, or the CDC,
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ๅฎŸใฏ CDCใ“ใจ ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ็–พ็—…็ฎก็†ไบˆ้˜ฒใ‚ปใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใฏ
00:39
they stipulate a minimum of seven hours of sleep a night
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ๅนณๅ‡็š„ใชๆˆไบบใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ ๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚๏ผ—ๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็ก็œ ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’
00:43
for the average adult.
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ๆŽจๅฅจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
00:44
In other words, the shorter your sleep,
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ใคใพใ‚Š ็ก็œ ๆ™‚้–“ใŒ็Ÿญใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ็Ÿญใ„ใปใฉ
00:47
the shorter your life.
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ๅฏฟๅ‘ฝใ‚‚็ธฎใ‚€ใฎใงใ™
00:48
But it turns out that it's not quite a linear relationship as you would expect.
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ใจใฏใ„ใˆ ไบˆๆƒณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใช ็›ด็ทš้–ขไฟ‚ใซใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
00:54
It's not as though the more and more that you sleep,
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็ก็œ ๆ™‚้–“ใŒ้•ทใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ้•ทใ„ใปใฉ
00:57
the lower and lower your mortality risk is.
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ๆญปไบก็Ž‡ใŒไธ‹ใŒใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ใฎใงใ™
01:01
In fact, something strange happens.
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ๅฎŸใฏใกใ‚‡ใฃใจๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใชใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™
01:03
Once you get past nine hours,
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็ก็œ ๆ™‚้–“ใŒ๏ผ™ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’่ถ…ใˆใ‚‹ใจ
01:06
you actually start to see a rise back up in mortality risk,
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ๆญปไบก็Ž‡ใŒๅ†ใณไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™
01:11
which seems rather strange and peculiar.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใฉใ†ใ‚‚ๅค‰ใซๆ€ใˆใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ
01:13
And scientists have actually put forward at least two different explanations.
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็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…ใ‚‰ใฏ ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ ๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚๏ผ’ใคใฎ่ชฌใ‚’ๅฑ•้–‹ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
01:18
The first is that, if you look at those studies,
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๏ผ‘ใค็›ฎใฎ่ชฌใฏ ่ชฟๆŸป็ตๆžœใ‚’ๅŸๅ‘ณใ—ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจ
01:22
it may be that individuals are suffering from significant disease and illness.
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็ก็œ ๆ™‚้–“ใฎ้•ทใ„ไบบใฏ้‡ใ„็–พๆ‚ฃใ‚„็—…ๆฐ—ใ‚’ ๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™
01:28
When we become infected, or we have disease,
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็งใŸใกใฏๆ„ŸๆŸ“็—‡ใ‚„็–พๆ‚ฃใซใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ใจ
01:32
typically, we try to sleep longer, we stay in bed longer.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้•ทใ็ก็œ ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆ ใƒ™ใƒƒใƒ‰ใง้Žใ”ใ™ๆ™‚้–“ใŒๅข—ใˆใพใ™
01:35
So in other words,
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ใคใพใ‚Š
01:36
it was the unmeasured disease and sickness in those studies
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่ชฟๆŸปใงใฏ่€ƒๆ…ฎใ•ใ‚Œใชใ‹ใฃใŸ ็–พๆ‚ฃใ‚„็—…ๆฐ—ใฎใ›ใ„ใง
01:41
that was triggering a response in those individuals
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้•ทใ„ๆ™‚้–“็ก็œ ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใŸ ๅ‚ๅŠ ่€…ใŒใ„ใŸใฎใ ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใงใ™
01:45
to try and sleep more.
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01:46
That's one explanation.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ๏ผ‘ใคใฎ่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใ™
01:48
The second possible explanation is poor sleep quality,
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๏ผ’ใค็›ฎใฎ่ชฌใฏ ็ก็œ ใฎ่ณชใฎไฝŽไธ‹ใงใ™
01:52
because we know that sleep quality,
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ใใ‚Œใจใ„ใ†ใฎใ‚‚ ็ก็œ ใฎ่ณชใ‚‚ใพใŸ
01:54
independent of sleep quantity,
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็ก็œ ใฎ้‡ใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใชใ
01:58
is also associated with mortality risk.
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ๆญปไบก็Ž‡ใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
02:01
And the lower that your quality of sleep is,
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็ก็œ ใฎ่ณชใŒไฝŽใ‘ใ‚ŒใฐไฝŽใ„ใปใฉ
02:04
the higher your risk of death.
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ๆญปไบก็Ž‡ใฏไธŠใŒใ‚Šใพใ™
02:06
People who have poor quality of sleep will typically try to sleep longer;
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็ก็œ ใฎ่ณชใŒไฝŽใ„ไบบใŸใกใฏ ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้•ทใ„ๆ™‚้–“็œ ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใพใ™
02:11
they'll try to stay in bed longer to overcome that poor quality of sleep.
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็ก็œ ใฎ่ณชใŒไฝŽใ„ใฎใ‚’ๅ…‹ๆœใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจ ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้•ทใ„ๆ™‚้–“ ๅฏใฆใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™
02:17
It may be poor quality of sleep masquerading as long sleep
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ใƒ‡ใƒผใ‚ฟไธŠใงใฏ ็ก็œ ใฎ่ณชใŒไฝŽใ„ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใŒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้•ทใ„็ก็œ ใจใ—ใฆ่กจใ‚ŒใŸใŸใ‚ใซ
02:22
that is associated with a higher risk of death,
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ๆญปไบก็Ž‡ใฎ้ซ˜ใ•ใจ ้–ข้€ฃไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใฎใงใ‚ใฃใฆ
02:25
rather than the long sleep itself.
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็ก็œ ๆ™‚้–“ใŒ้•ทใ„ใ“ใจ่‡ชไฝ“ใฏ ้–ขไฟ‚ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
02:28
But if we take a step back and think about society overall,
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็คพไผšๅ…จไฝ“ใซใคใ„ใฆ ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจไฟฏ็žฐใ—ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจ
02:33
I think modernity is constantly pushing us
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็พไปฃ็คพไผšใงใฏ ็งใŸใกใฏๅธธใซ
02:36
to, perhaps, work long hours and therefore neglect our sleep.
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้•ทๆ™‚้–“ๅƒใใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚Œ ใใฎ็ตๆžœ ็ก็œ ใ‚’ใŠใ‚ใใ‹ใซใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
02:42
But if we want to be around long enough to get the benefits
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ใงใ‚‚ ้ ‘ๅผตใฃใฆๅƒใ„ใฆๅพ—ใŸๅŽๅ…ฅใ‚„ๆˆๆžœใ‚’ ๅๅˆ†ใซๆฅฝใ—ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
02:46
and the fruits of all of that hard labor,
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้•ทใ็”ŸใใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใชใ‚‰
02:49
we may want to think about starting to prioritize our sleep some more.
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ๅๅˆ†ใซ็ก็œ ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ ใ‚‚ใฃใจ้‡่ฆ–ใ—ใฆใฟใฆใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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