Jackson Katz: Violence against women—it's a men's issue

ジャクソン・カッツ: ジャクソン・カッツ：女性への暴力―男の問題

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast

翻訳: Mami Kawade 校正: Suzumi Nakamura

I'm going to share with you a paradigm-shifting perspective

これから

ジェンダー・バイオレンス…

つまり 性的暴行 DV

on the issues of gender violence: sexual assault, domestic violence,

セクハラ 性的虐待等の問題への

relationship abuse, sexual harassment, sexual abuse of children.

革新的視点をお見せします

That whole range of issues

「ジェンダー・バイオレンス」は

that I'll refer to in shorthand as "gender violence issues,"

総じて こう捉えられてきた

they've been seen as women's issues that some good men help out with,

「善き男性が助けるべき女性の問題」

でも 私は正しいと思えない

but I have a problem with that frame and I don't accept it.

受け入れられない

I don't see these as women's issues that some good men help out with.

「善き男性が助けるべき女性の問題」ではない

In fact, I'm going to argue that these are men's issues,

何よりもまず問題があるのは

男性の方なのです

first and foremost.

(拍手)

Now obviously --

(Applause)

Obviously, they're also women's issues, so I appreciate that,

女性の問題でもある

それはわかる でもこの問題を

but calling gender violence a women's issue is part of the problem,

女性の問題だと言う事自体

問題の一部なのです

for a number of reasons.

The first is that it gives men an excuse not to pay attention, right?

まず 男性が気にしなくなる

「女性の問題」と聞けば男は

A lot of men hear the term "women's issues"

それを頭から追い払う

and we tend to tune it out, and we think,

「俺は男だ 女の子の問題なんか」とね

"I'm a guy; that's for the girls," or "that's for the women."

そして 文字通り一歩も先に

And a lot of men literally don't get beyond the first sentence as a result.

進まなくなるのです

まるで「女性の問題」と聞くと―

It's almost like a chip in our brain is activated,

頭の中のチップが神経回路に命じ

and the neural pathways take our attention in a different direction

違う方向を向かせるように

when we hear the term "women's issues."

「ジェンダー」と聞いても同じ

This is also true, by the way, of the word "gender,"

そう聞くと 多くの人が

because a lot of people hear the word "gender"

「女性」という意味だと思う

and they think it means "women."

「ジェンダーの問題」とは「女性の問題」だと

So they think that gender issues is synonymous with women's issues.

用法が混乱しているのです

There's some confusion about the term gender.

アナロジーでこの混乱を説明します

And let me illustrate that confusion by way of analogy.

人種の話をしましょう

So let's talk for a moment about race.

米国で「人種」と聞けば

In the US, when we hear the word "race,"

「アフリカ系アメリカ人」

a lot of people think that means African-American,

「ラテン系」「アジア系」「ネイティブ」

Latino, Asian-American, Native American,

「南アジア系」「太平洋諸島系」その他だと思う

South Asian, Pacific Islander, on and on.

A lot of people, when they hear the word "sexual orientation"

「性的指向」と聞けばそれは

「同性愛者」「両性愛者」の事だと思う

think it means gay, lesbian, bisexual.

And a lot of people, when they hear the word "gender,"

「ジェンダー」と聞けば

それは女性の事

think it means women.

In each case, the dominant group doesn't get paid attention to.

誰も支配層の事は気にしない

人種的なアイデンティティや

As if white people don't have some sort of racial identity

カテゴリー　概念等白人にはなく

or belong to some racial category or construct,

as if heterosexual people don't have a sexual orientation,

異性愛者に性的指向はなく

as if men don't have a gender.

男性にジェンダーはないようだ

This is one of the ways that dominant systems maintain and reproduce themselves,

こうして支配のシステムは

維持・再生産されるつまり―

which is to say the dominant group is rarely challenged

安定した支配層は自分の優位に無自覚

to even think about its dominance,

権力と特権の特徴とは

because that's one of the key characteristics of power and privilege,

考察の対象にならないという点

the ability to go unexamined,

lacking introspection, in fact being rendered invisible, in large measure,

内省する事のない不可視の存在である事

私達が抱える主な問題は

in the discourse about issues that are primarily about us.

大体がそうなのです

And this is amazing how this works in domestic and sexual violence,

DVや性暴力でも

見事なほどに

how men have been largely erased from so much of the conversation

男性について語られる事は

ほぼありません

about a subject that is centrally about men.

問題の中心は男性なのに

And I'm going to illustrate what I'm talking about

これから古いやり方で

by using the old tech.

説明します

I'm old school on some fundamental regards.

基本的な所では古い人間なので

I make films and I work with high tech,

映画作りではハイテクを使います

but I'm still old school as an educator,

教師としては旧式です

このエクササイズで分かるのは

and I want to share with you this exercise

that illustrates on the sentence-structure level

文構造のレベルで

how the way that we think, literally the way that we use language,

私たちの考え方

言葉の選び方が

いかに男性を無視するか

conspires to keep our attention off of men.

This is about domestic violence in particular,

エクササイズのテーマはDV

but you can plug in other analogues.

でも 他の問題にもあてはめられます

This comes from the work of the feminist linguist Julia Penelope.

言語学者 ペネロープ氏の研究成果です

It starts with a very basic English sentence:

非常に基本的な文があります

「ジョンがメアリーを殴った」

"John beat Mary."

That's a good English sentence.

問題ない英語です

「ジョン」は主語「殴った」は動詞

John is the subject, beat is the verb, Mary is the object, good sentence.

「メアリー」は目的語

Now we're going to move to the second sentence,

次の文に進みましょう

which says the same thing in the passive voice.

同じ事を受動態で言っています

"Mary was beaten by John."

「メアリーはジョンに殴られた」という文です　こうすると―

And now a whole lot has happened in one sentence.

文はがらりと変わります

We've gone from "John beat Mary"

「ジョンは殴った」から

to "Mary was beaten by John."

「メアリーは殴られた」へ

We've shifted our focus in one sentence from John to Mary,

焦点がジョンからメアリーになった

and you can see John is very close to the end of the sentence,

ジョンは文末に近づいて

well, close to dropping off the map of our psychic plain.

私達の頭から消えそうです

The third sentence, John is dropped,

三番目の文で彼は消えます

and we have, "Mary was beaten,"

その文は「メアリーは殴られた」

and now it's all about Mary.

主題はメアリーのみ

We're not even thinking about John, it's totally focused on Mary.

ジョンの事は考えもしない

Over the past generation,

昔は「殴られた」ではなく

the term we've used synonymous with "beaten" is "battered,"

「ぶちのめされた」と言った

だから　こう言える「メアリーがぶちのめされた」

so we have "Mary was battered."

And the final sentence in this sequence, flowing from the others, is,

これまでのものに続く

最後の文とは

"Mary is a battered woman."

「メアリーはぶちのめされる女だ」

So now Mary's very identity -- Mary is a battered woman --

「ぶちのめされる女である」という彼女のアイデンティティは

最初の文でジョンにされた事です

is what was done to her by John in the first instance.

そして 彼は話題から消えて久しい

But we've demonstrated that John has long ago left the conversation.

DVや性暴力に関する仕事だと

Those of us who work in the domestic and sexual violence field

被害者を責める傾向があると分かる

know that victim-blaming is pervasive in this realm,

which is to say, blaming the person to whom something was done

何かをした人ではなくされた人を

rather than the person who did it.

責めるという事です

「何であんな男と出歩くんだ？」

And we say: why do they go out with these men?

「何であんな男がいい？」

Why are they attracted to them? Why do they keep going back?

「何で出て行かない？」「何を着てた？」

What was she wearing at that party? What a stupid thing to do.

「ホテルの部屋で

男たちと飲むなんて何てバカだ」

Why was she drinking with those guys in that hotel room?

被害者を責める理由はいろいろですが

This is victim blaming, and there are many reasons for it,

1つには人間の認識構造は

but one is that our cognitive structure is set up to blame victims.

疑問を抱くよう できている為

This is all unconscious.

無意識に問うのです

Our whole cognitive structure is set up to ask questions

女性の事　彼女の選択何をしていたか

about women and women's choices and what they're doing, thinking, wearing.

何を考え何を着ていたかを

「やめろ」とは言いません

And I'm not going to shout down people who ask questions about women.

女性の事を訊いても合法ですから

It's a legitimate thing to ask.

でも はっきりさせましょう

But's let's be clear: Asking questions about Mary

それでは暴力は防止できない

is not going to get us anywhere in terms of preventing violence.

違う質問をしなければ

We have to ask a different set of questions.

もう　お分かりですね

The questions are not about Mary, they're about John.

メアリーではなくジョンについてです

They include things like, why does John beat Mary?

なぜ ジョンはメアリーを殴るのか？

Why is domestic violence still a big problem in the US and all over the world?

なぜ DVは未だに

世界中で深刻な問題なのか？

What's going on? Why do so many men abuse physically,

何が起きてる？なぜ 男性は

身体 感情 言葉 その他の面で―

emotionally, verbally, and other ways,

the women and girls, and the men and boys, that they claim to love?

女性や他の男性を虐待する？

愛する人をなぜ？男性に一体何が？

What's going on with men?

Why do so many adult men sexually abuse little girls and boys?

なぜ 多くの成人男性が子どもに性的虐待を？

Why is that a common problem in our society

なぜ 米国そして世界中で

それが共通の問題に？

and all over the world today?

教会やサッカークラブ

Why do we hear over and over again

about new scandals erupting in major institutions

ボーイスカウト等大きな団体で

like the Catholic Church or the Penn State football program

スキャンダルが次々

出てくるのは一体なぜなのか

or the Boy Scouts of America, on and on and on?

And then local communities all over the country

地方でも　国全体でも

常にその話題を耳にします

and all over the world.

We hear about it all the time.

The sexual abuse of children.

子供への性的虐待です

What's going on with men? Why do so many men rape women

男性に何が？なぜ 多くの男性が

in our society and around the world?

世界中で女性を暴行する？

Why do so many men rape other men?

あるいは他の男性を？

What is going on with men?

男性に一体何が？

And then what is the role of the various institutions in our society

米国のいろいろな慣習がどのようにして

虐待する男性を大流行ばりに

that are helping to produce abusive men at pandemic rates?

作り出すのか

Because this isn't about individual perpetrators.

犯罪者個人ではなく

That's a naive way to understanding what is a much deeper

より根の深い社会制度の問題を

and more systematic social problem.

理解する道です

彼らは怪物とは違う

The perpetrators aren't these monsters who crawl out of the swamp

沼から這い出て

町に行き 悪事を行い

and come into town and do their nasty business

and then retreat into the darkness.

また暗闇に帰るのではない

That's a very naive notion, right?

「怪物だ」なんて甘すぎる考えです

Perpetrators are much more normal than that, and everyday than that.

彼らはもっと普通で

平凡な人間です

So the question is, what are we doing here in our society and in the world?

問題は 米国含め世界中での

人の行いです

What are the roles of various institutions

いかにして様々な慣習が

in helping to produce abusive men?

虐待する男性を作り出すか

宗教の信念体系

What's the role of religious belief systems,

スポーツ ポルノ 家族構造

the sports culture, the pornography culture,

the family structure, economics, and how that intersects,

経済等がいかに交わるか

人種や民族は？

and race and ethnicity and how that intersects?

どんな仕組みなのか

How does all this work?

And then, once we start making those kinds of connections

それらの要素を組み合わせ

and asking those important and big questions,

重大な問題に目をやれば

then we can talk about how we can be transformative,

どうすれば変われるのかを語れる

in other words, how can we do something differently?

やり方を変え

しきたりを変え

How can we change the practices?

How can we change the socialization of boys

現状を引き起こす―

and the definitions of manhood that lead to these current outcomes?

少年の社会化や「男らしさ」を変えるには？

These are the kind of questions that we need to be asking

疑問に思わねばならない事

やるべき事は多い

and the kind of work that we need to be doing,

いつまでも女性の行動や

but if we're endlessly focused on what women are doing and thinking

対人関係にこだわっていては

in relationships or elsewhere,

we're not going to get to that piece.

そこにはたどり着けない

今まで多くの女性が

I understand that a lot of women

who have been trying to speak out about these issues,

これらの問題について

発言しようとしそのせいで

today and yesterday and for years and years,

often get shouted down for their efforts.

黙らされてきた

They get called nasty names like "male-basher" and "man-hater,"

そして不快なあだ名をつけられた

「男性叩き」「男嫌い」

汚らわしく 攻撃的な「フェミナチ」に至るまで

and the disgusting and offensive "feminazi", right?

この現象は何か？

And you know what all this is about?

It's called kill the messenger.

「使者殺し」です

女性が立ち上がり

It's because the women who are standing up

自分 他の女性 男性 少年の為

and speaking out for themselves and for other women

発言すれば 彼女らはこう言われる

as well as for men and boys,

it's a statement to them to sit down and shut up,

「座って黙れ今の制度を続けるんだ」

keep the current system in place,

人は波風を立てて

because we don't like it when people rock the boat.

権力に挑む者を嫌う

We don't like it when people challenge our power.

基本的には黙って座った方がいい

You'd better sit down and shut up, basically.

幸い 女性はそうしなかった

And thank goodness that women haven't done that.

幸い 世界では

Thank goodness that we live in a world

多くの女性リーダーが立ち向かっている

where there's so much women's leadership that can counteract that.

男性にできる重大な事とは

But one of the powerful roles that men can play in this work

女性が言えない事を

is that we can say some things that sometimes women can't say,

言う事ができる事

女性が言えば無視されても

or, better yet, we can be heard saying some things

男性が言えば 人は聞く

that women often can't be heard saying.

それは性差別主義という問題ですが

Now, I appreciate that that's a problem, it's sexism, but it's the truth.

実際 あります私達はいつも―

So one of the things that I say to men,

男性にこう言う

and my colleagues and I always say this,

「もっと多くの男性が

is we need more men who have the courage and the strength

立ち上がり 発言し

to start standing up and saying some of this stuff,

女性に寄り添わなければ」

and standing with women and not against them

「男対女の戦いだと

and pretending that somehow this is a battle between the sexes

馬鹿を言って対抗するのではなく」

共に生きるのだから

and other kinds of nonsense.

We live in the world together.

ところで本当に頭が痛いのが―

And by the way, one of the things that really bothers me

女性の暴力被害やレイプに反対する

about some of the rhetoric against feminists and others

運動を行ってきた

フェミニスト等がどういう訳か

who have built the battered women's and rape crisis movements around the world

反男性的と言われる事です

is that somehow, like I said, that they're anti-male.

大人の男に自分や母親 妹や姉が―

What about all the boys who are profoundly affected in a negative way

酷い目に遭わされ

悪影響を受ける少年はどうなります？

by what some adult man is doing against their mother, themselves, their sisters?

数に入らないのですか？

What about all those boys?

What about all the young men and boys

大人の男の暴力に

who have been traumatized by adult men's violence?

心の傷を負った少年や若者は？

同じシステムが

You know what?

The same system that produces men who abuse women,

男性を虐待する男性も産むのです

produces men who abuse other men.

男性被害者について

And if we want to talk about male victims, let's talk about male victims.

話しましょう

男性の暴力被害の大半で加害者は男性です

Most male victims of violence are the victims of other men's violence.

男女共通して言えるのは

So that's something that both women and men have in common.

加害者は男性だという事

We are both victims of men's violence.

私の知る男性の大半に

So we have it in our direct self-interest,

家族 友人等大事な女性がいますが

not to mention the fact that most men that I know

彼女たちだけでなく

have women and girls that we care deeply about,

男性に直接関わってくるわけです

in our families and our friendship circles and every other way.

So there's so many reasons why we need men to speak out.

男性が発言すべき理由は多い

It seems obvious saying it out loud, doesn't it?

それは明らかですそうでしょう？

Now, the nature of the work that I do and my colleagues do

スポーツ 米軍 学校で私と仲間達が

in the sports culture and the US military, in schools,

行なっているのはジェンダー・バイオレンスの―

we pioneered this approach called the bystander approach

防止に向けて開発した

to gender-violence prevention.

「傍観者アプローチ」です

And I just want to give you the highlights of the bystander approach,

大事な部分をお話しします

テーマを大幅に転換する試みだからです

because it's a big thematic shift,

although there's lots of particulars,

様々な例がありますが

but the heart of it is, instead of seeing men as perpetrators

核となるのは男性が加害者

and women as victims,

女性が被害者

or women as perpetrators, men as victims,

または女性が加害者で男性が被害者　と

or any combination in there.

考えるのをやめる事

I'm using the gender binary.

「男」「女」と言いましたが

I know there's more than men and women, there's more than male and female.

男女以外のジェンダーもある

女性が加害者で

And there are women who are perpetrators,

男性が被害を受ける事も

and of course there are men who are victims.

何でもあり得る

There's a whole spectrum.

二分法で物を見るのをやめ

But instead of seeing it in the binary fashion,

全ての人を傍観者とみなします

we focus on all of us as what we call bystanders,

傍観者とはある状況下で

and a bystander is defined as anybody who is not a perpetrator or a victim

加害者でも被害者でもない人です

in a given situation,

so in other words friends, teammates, colleagues, coworkers, family members,

友人 チームメイト 同僚

仕事仲間 家族―

those of us who are not directly involved in a dyad of abuse,

虐待の被害と加害に直接 関係がない

but we are embedded in social, family, work, school,

でも 社会 家庭 学校等の一員として

虐待の関係者らしい人と

and other peer culture relationships

with people who might be in that situation.

関わりがあったらどうする？

What do we do? How do we speak up? How do we challenge our friends?

いかに声を上げ友人に挑み

手を差し伸べる？どうすれば―

How do we support our friends?

But how do we not remain silent in the face of abuse?

虐待に直面し黙らずにいられる？

Now, when it comes to men and male culture,

男性文化では目標は―

虐待しない男を連れて来て

the goal is to get men who are not abusive to challenge men who are.

する男と対決させる

And when I say abusive, I don't mean just men who are beating women.

虐待すると言っても女性を―

殴る男だけじゃない

We're not just saying a man whose friend is abusing his girlfriend

友人が恋人を虐待していたら

その場で止めねばならない

needs to stop the guy at the moment of attack.

それだけではない

That's a naive way of creating a social change.

これで社会を変えようというのは甘い

It's along a continuum, we're trying to get men to interrupt each other.

そうなる前から 男性がお互いに

口を挟むようにさせたい

So, for example, if you're a guy and you're in a group of guys

例えばあなたは男性で

playing poker, talking, hanging out, no women present,

男だけで遊び 話し 出かける

and another guy says something sexist or degrading or harassing about women,

すると　別の男が性差別的　 あるいは―

女性を貶めるような事を言う

一緒に笑う？ 聞こえないふりをする？

instead of laughing along or pretending you didn't hear it,

we need men to say, "Hey, that's not funny.

代わりに言ってほしい

「笑えないね 妹の事を思うとさ」

that could be my sister you're talking about,

「違う冗談言えない？」

and could you joke about something else?

「他の事　話すとかさ」

Or could you talk about something else?

「こういうのダメなんだ」

I don't appreciate that kind of talk."

あなたが白人で 別の白人が―

Just like if you're a white person

and another white person makes a racist comment, you'd hope, I hope,

人種差別的発言をしたら

仲間の白人による差別発言を 別の白人に

that white people would interrupt that racist enactment

by a fellow white person.

遮ってほしいと思う

Just like with heterosexism, if you're a heterosexual person

あなたが異性愛者で

様々な性的指向を持つ人に 対し

and you yourself don't enact harassing or abusive behaviors

towards people of varying sexual orientations,

自分は嫌がらせをしないが

if you don't say something in the face of other heterosexual people doing that,

している異性愛者に 何も言わないなら

ある意味 その沈黙は

then, in a sense, isn't your silence a form of consent and complicity?

同意し　加担するのと 同じでは？

Well, the bystander approach is trying to give people tools

傍観者アプローチでは 人々に

このプロセスを断ち 声を上げ

to interrupt that process and to speak up and to create a peer culture climate

対等な文化を作らせる

where the abusive behavior will be seen as unacceptable,

そこでは 人を傷つける行動は

法に反するだけでなく 間違っていて

not just because it's illegal, but because it's wrong

and unacceptable in the peer culture.

受け入れられないのです

And if we can get to the place where men

もし 性差別的な男性が

who act out in sexist ways will lose status,

地位を失うようになれば？

young men and boys who act out in sexist

女性に対し 性差別的で

and harassing ways towards girls and women,

他の男の子や男性にも

as well as towards other boys and men,

態度の悪い少年や若者が

will lose status as a result of it, guess what?

そのせいで立場を失う ようになれば？

We'll see a radical diminution of the abuse.

虐待は格段に減るでしょう

Because the typical perpetrator is not sick and twisted.

加害者は病気や 天邪鬼ではない

虐待する以外は普通なんです

He's a normal guy in every other way, isn't he?

Now, among the many great things that Martin Luther King

キング牧師が短い生涯で残した

said in his short life was,

名言の一つが―

"In the end, what will hurt the most is not the words of our enemies

「結局一番傷つくのは

敵の言う事ではなく

but the silence of our friends."

友の沈黙である」

その通り 一番傷つくのは

In the end, what will hurt the most is not the words of our enemies

敵の言葉でなく 友の沈黙です

but the silence of our friends.

There's been an awful lot of silence in male culture

女性や子供への男性の暴力

この現在進行形の悲劇に対し

about this ongoing tragedy of men's violence

against women and children, hasn't there?

男性文化は沈黙してきた

There's been an awful lot of silence.

何も発言しなかった

この沈黙を破らねばなりません

And all I'm saying is that we need to break that silence,

and we need more men to do that.

それももっと多くの男性が

Now, it's easier said than done,

ですが言うほど 簡単ではありません

because I'm saying it now,

「破らねば」と言いましたが

but I'm telling you it's not easy in male culture

男性文化で他の男性への挑戦が‐

for guys to challenge each other,

which is one of the reasons

難しい事もあり

男性の問題である だけでなく

why part of the paradigm shift that has to happen

誰が主導権を握るかの問題だ という

is not just understanding these issues as men's issues,

パラダイムの転換が必要です

but they're also leadership issues for men.

立場をはっきりさせる責任を

Because ultimately, the responsibility for taking a stand on these issues

最終的に 幼い男の子や

should not fall on the shoulders of little boys

高校生 大学生には 負わせられない

or teenage boys in high school or college men.

力を持った 大人の男性でなければ

It should be on adult men with power.

Adult men with power are the ones we need to be holding accountable

問題対策のリーダーとして

for being leaders on these issues,

責任を持ってもらわねば

仲間文化で誰かが声を上げ

because when somebody speaks up in a peer culture

and challenges and interrupts,

仲間に挑み 割って入るとしたら

he or she is being a leader, really.

その人はリーダーでしょう？

But on a big scale, we need more adult men with power

大局的には 有力な大人の男性がもっと

to start prioritizing these issues,

優先的に取り組まねば

and we haven't seen that yet, have we?

しかし 現状は違います

ずっと昔 米国の陸海空軍 全部を相手に

Now, I was at a dinner a number of years ago,

and I work extensively with the US military, all the services.

取り組んでいた頃ですが

夕食の席で ある女性に言われました

And I was at this dinner and this woman said to me --

自分を賢いと思っていたのか

I think she thought she was a little clever --

she said, "So how long have you been doing sensitivity training with the Marines?"

「どれぐらい 海軍に感受性訓練を？」

と訊いてきました

And I said, "With all due respect,

「失礼ですが 感受性訓練を‐

I don't do sensitivity training with the Marines.

海軍にするのではなく 海兵隊で‐

リーダーシップを教えてます」

I run a leadership program in the Marine Corps."

Now, I know it's a bit pompous, my response,

感じの悪い答え方ですが

but it's an important distinction,

重要な違いです 必要なのは

because I don't believe that what we need is sensitivity training.

感受性訓練ではなく

We need leadership training, because, for example,

リーダーシップの訓練です

スポーツの世界でも 仕事をしますが

when a professional coach or a manager of a baseball team or a football team --

プロの野球やサッカーの監督らが

and I work extensively in that realm as well --

性差別的 同性愛嫌悪的 人種差別的な

makes a sexist comment, makes a homophobic statement,

makes a racist comment,

発言をすれば　ブログや

there will be discussions on the sports blogs and in sports talk radio.

ラジオで議論が起こる

And some people will say, "He needs sensitivity training."

「感受性訓練が必要だ」と 言う人も

「放っておけ」と言う人も

Other people will say, "Well, get off it.

「差別語禁止の行き過ぎだ」

That's political correctness run amok,

「馬鹿な発言だが 引きずるな」

he made a stupid statement, move on."

私の意見では 必要なのは

My argument is, he doesn't need sensitivity training.

リーダーシップの訓練です

He needs leadership training,

発言者は酷いリーダーだから

because he's being a bad leader,

because in a society with gender diversity and sexual diversity --

ジェンダーやセクシュアリティ‐

(Applause)

(拍手)

人種 民族が多様な社会で

and racial and ethnic diversity,

you make those kind of comments, you're failing at your leadership.

その発言？ リーダー失格です

私が行っているこの主張を

If we can make this point that I'm making

あらゆるレベルの 権威 権力を持つ

to powerful men and women in our society

at all levels of institutional authority and power,

有力な男女に皆で主張できれば

it's going to change the paradigm of people's thinking.

事態は変化します

人の考え方は変わります

You know, for example,

例えば私は

I work a lot in college and university athletics

北米のあちこちの大学の スポーツチームと働いている

throughout North America.

DVや性暴力を防ぐ方法は

We know so much about how to prevent domestic and sexual violence, right?

良く知られている

教育プロセスの一環として

There's no excuse for a college or university

to not have domestic and sexual violence prevention training

全ての選手 コーチ 管理者の為に

mandated for all student athletes, coaches, administrators,

義務付けられた防止訓練を

as part of their educational process.

しなくていい理由はない

簡単にできる事です

We know enough to know that we can easily do that.

But you know what's missing? The leadership.

でも リーダーシップが足りない

But it's not the leadership of student athletes.

学生選手ではなく

チームの監督や

It's the leadership of the athletic director,

大学の学長等の責任者

the president of the university, the people in charge

資金 組織内の優先順位を

who make decisions about resources

決める人々に リーダーシップがない

and who make decisions about priorities in the institutional settings.

ほとんどの場合 「リーダー」は男性です

That's a failure, in most cases, of men's leadership.

Look at Penn State.

ペンシルバニア州立大では

Penn State is the mother of all teachable moments for the bystander approach.

アプローチのお手本が生まれた

You had so many situations in that realm

有力な立場にある男性達が

where men in powerful positions failed to act

子供達 この場合 少年達を 守れなかった

to protect children, in this case, boys.

例は信じ難いほど多い

It's unbelievable, really.

足を踏み入れれば分かります

But when you get into it, you realize there are pressures on men.

男性にかけられた圧力が

There are constraints within peer cultures on men,

男性は 仲間文化で制約を受けるので

which is why we need to encourage men to break through those pressures.

その圧力を突き破るよう

働きかける必要がある

And one of the ways to do that is to say

例えば こう言う

「大勢の男性が この問題に懸念を抱く」

there's an awful lot of men who care deeply about these issues.

本当なんです

I know this, I work with men,

何万人 何十万人という

and I've been working with tens of thousands,

男性と 何十年も働いていると分かる

hundreds of thousands of men for many decades now.

そんなに経つなんて ぞっとしますね

It's scary, when you think about it, how many years.

懸念を抱いている男性は 大勢いるんです

But there's so many men who care deeply about these issues,

but caring deeply is not enough.

ですが「懸念」では足りない

We need more men with the guts,

もっと多くの―

with the courage, with the strength, with the moral integrity

根性 勇気 力 モラルを 備えた男性に

to break our complicit silence and challenge each other

共犯者の沈黙を破り 仲間に挑んでもらわねば

and stand with women and not against them.

女性の敵でなく 味方として

これは 女性に果たすべき義務です

By the way, we owe it to women.

There's no question about it.

疑問の余地はない

息子達への義務でもある

But we also owe it to our sons.

選んだわけではないのに

We also owe it to young men who are growing up all over the world

「男としてのあり方」を 押し付ける

in situations where they didn't make the choice

そんな文化で育つ世界中の―

to be a man in a culture that tells them that manhood is a certain way.

若者達への義務でもある

They didn't make the choice.

彼らの選択ではない

我々大人は選択する事ができる 機会があり

We that have a choice, have an opportunity and a responsibility to them as well.

彼らに対する義務がある

I hope that, going forward, men and women,

願わくば この動きが前進し

working together, can begin the change

共に問題に取り組む男女が

and the transformation that will happen

変化を起こせるように

so that future generations won't have the level of tragedy

今は毎日起きている悲劇を

この先 なくせるように

that we deal with on a daily basis.

事態の改善は可能なのです

I know we can do it, we can do better.

ご清聴ありがとうございました (拍手)

Thank you very much.