Gail Reed: Where to train the world's doctors? Cuba.

82,461 views ใƒป 2014-10-01

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Boaz Hovav ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
I want to tell you
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื
00:14
how 20,000 remarkable young people
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ืขืœ 20,000 ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื
00:18
from over 100 countries
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ืžื™ื•ืชืจ ืž- 100 ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช
00:20
ended up in Cuba
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ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืงื•ื‘ื”
00:22
and are transforming health in their communities.
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ื•ืžืฉื ื™ื ืืช ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
00:26
Ninety percent of them would never
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90 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ื
00:28
have left home at all
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ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ื–ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื‘ื™ืชื
00:29
if it weren't for a scholarship to study medicine in Cuba
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ืื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืœื’ื” ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืจืคื•ืื” ื‘ืงื•ื‘ื”
00:33
and a commitment to go back
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ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ
00:35
to places like the ones they'd come from โ€”
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ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืžื”ื ื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• -
00:38
remote farmlands, mountains, ghettos โ€”
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ื—ื•ื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ื•ืช, ื”ืจื™ื, ื’ื˜ืื•ืช -
00:42
to become doctors for people like themselves,
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ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืจื•ืคืื™ื ืฉื™ืฉืจืชื• ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื•ื”ื,
00:45
to walk the walk.
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ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื.
00:47
Havana's Latin American Medical School:
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ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืจืคื•ืื” ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ื‘ื”ื•ื•ืื ื”:
00:50
It's the largest medical school in the world,
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ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืจืคื•ืื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื,
00:53
graduating 23,000 young doctors
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ืขื 23,000 ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ืจืคื•ืื”
00:56
since its first class of 2005,
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ืžืื– ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืฉืขืจื™ื• ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005,
00:59
with nearly 10,000 more in the pipeline.
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ื•ืขื•ื“ 10,000 ืฉืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืฉื ื›ืจื’ืข.
01:02
Its mission, to train physicians for the people
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ืžื˜ืจืชื•, ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื
01:06
who need them the most:
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ืฉื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื”ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ:
01:08
the over one billion
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืื™ืฉ
01:10
who have never seen a doctor,
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ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืคื’ืฉื• ืจื•ืคื,
01:12
the people who live and die
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืชื™ื
01:16
under every poverty line ever invented.
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ืžืชื—ืช ื›ืœ ืงื• ืขื•ื ื™ ืฉืงื™ื™ื.
01:20
Its students defy all norms.
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ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ.
01:22
They're the school's biggest risk
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ื”ื ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ
01:24
and also its best bet.
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ื•ื’ื ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื•.
01:26
They're recruited from the poorest,
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ื”ื ืžื’ื•ื™ืกื™ื ืžืงืจื‘ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื
01:29
most broken places on our planet
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ื•ื”ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื
01:32
by a school that believes they can become
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืฉืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
01:34
not just the good
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ืœื ืจืง ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื
01:35
but the excellent physicians
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ืืœื ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื
01:37
their communities desperately need,
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ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช,
01:40
that they will practice where most doctors don't,
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ื”ื ื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื“"ื›,
01:44
in places not only poor
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ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื ื™ื™ื
01:46
but oftentimes dangerous,
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ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื’ื ืžืกื•ื›ื ื™ื,
01:49
carrying venom antidotes in their backpacks
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ื›ืฉื”ื ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื ื•ื’ื“ื ื™ื ื ื’ื“ ืืจืก ื”ืชื™ืง ื”ื’ื‘ ืฉืœื”ื
01:52
or navigating neighborhoods
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ืื• ืžื ื•ื•ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช
01:54
riddled by drugs, gangs and bullets,
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ืžื•ืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืกืžื™ื, ื›ื ื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื•ืงืœื™ืขื™ื,
01:58
their home ground.
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ื”ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื ื‘ืื•.
02:00
The hope is that they will help
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ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื™ืขื–ืจื•
02:02
transform access to care,
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ืœื‘ืฆืข ืžื”ืคืš ื‘ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืื™,
02:04
the health picture in impoverished areas,
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ืืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืขื ื™ื™ื,
02:07
and even the way medicine itself
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ืขืฆืžื”
02:09
is learned and practiced,
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ื ืœืžื“ืช ื•ืžื‘ื•ืฆืขืช,
02:11
and that they will become pioneers in our global reach
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ื•ืฉื”ื ื™ื”ืคื›ื• ืœื—ืœื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™
02:16
for universal health coverage,
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ืœืกืคืง ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืื™ ืœื›ื•ืœื,
02:18
surely a tall order.
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ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืงืฉื” ืžืื“.
02:21
Two big storms and this notion of "walk the walk"
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ืฉืชื™ ืกื•ืคื•ืช ืขื ืง ื•ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื
02:25
prompted creation of ELAM back in 1998.
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ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืœื”ืงืžืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืจืคื•ืื” ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ื‘- 1998.
02:29
The Hurricanes Georges and Mitch
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ืกื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ืงืŸ ื’'ื•ืจื’' ื•ืžื™ื˜ืฅ'
02:32
had ripped through the Caribbean
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ืฉื™ืกืขื• ืืช ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื™ื
02:34
and Central America,
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ื•ืืช ืžืจื›ื– ืืžืจื™ืงื”,
02:36
leaving 30,000 dead
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ื”ื•ืจื’ื•ืช 30,000 ืื™ืฉ
02:38
and two and a half million homeless.
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ื•- 2.5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช.
02:41
Hundreds of Cuban doctors volunteered for disaster response,
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ืžืื•ืช ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืงื•ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื• ืœืฆืืช ืœืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืืกื•ืŸ,
02:45
but when they got there,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื•,
02:47
they found a bigger disaster:
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ื”ื ืžืฆืื• ืืกื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ:
02:49
whole communities with no healthcare,
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ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืœืœื ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืื™,
02:52
doors bolted shut on rural hospitals
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ื“ืœืชื•ืช ืžื•ื’ืคื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืกืคืจ
02:54
for lack of staff,
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ื‘ืฉืœ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™,
02:56
and just too many babies dying
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ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ืฉืžืชื™ื
02:59
before their first birthday.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื’ื™ืœ ืฉื ื”.
03:02
What would happen when these Cuban doctors left?
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ืžื” ื™ืงืจื” ื›ืฉื™ืขื–ื‘ื• ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื”ืงื•ื‘ื ื™ื?
03:06
New doctors were needed to make care sustainable,
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ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืืช ืจืฆืฃ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ,
03:08
but where would they come from?
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืื™ืคื” ื”ื ื™ื’ื™ืขื•?
03:10
Where would they train?
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ืื™ืคื” ื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืฉืจื•?
03:12
In Havana, the campus of a former naval academy
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ื‘ื”ื•ื•ืื ื”, ืžื‘ื ื” ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ื”ื™ืžื™ืช
03:17
was turned over to the Cuban Health Ministry
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ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื‘ื ื™
03:20
to become the Latin American Medical School,
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ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืจืคื•ืื” ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ืช,
03:23
ELAM.
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ELAM.
03:25
Tuition, room and board, and a small stipend
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ื“ืžื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“, ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื, ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืงืฆื‘ื” ืงื˜ื ื”
03:28
were offered to hundreds of students
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ื”ื•ืฆืขื• ืœืžืื•ืช ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื
03:30
from the countries hardest hit by the storms.
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ืžืื•ืชืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื ืคื’ืขื• ืข"ื™ ื”ืกื•ืคื•ืช.
03:33
As a journalist in Havana,
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ื›ืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™ืช ื‘ื”ื•ื•ืื ื”,
03:35
I watched the first 97 Nicaraguans arrive
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ืขืงื‘ืชื™ ืื—ืจื™ 97 ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืžื ื™ืงืจื’ื•ืื”
03:38
in March 1999,
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ื‘ืžืจืฅ 1999,
03:40
settling into dorms barely refurbished
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ื”ื ืขื‘ืจื• ืœื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ืžืขื•ื ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืคืฆื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™
03:43
and helping their professors not only sweep out the classrooms
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ื•ืขื–ืจื• ืœืžืจืฆื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืœื ืงื•ืช ืืช ื›ืชื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“
03:46
but move in the desks and the chairs and the microscopes.
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ื•ืื– ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืคื ื™ืžื” ืฉื•ืœื—ื ื•ืช, ื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ื•ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกืงื•ืคื™ื.
03:51
Over the next few years,
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช,
03:53
governments throughout the Americas
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ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื™ื‘ืฉืช ืืžืจื™ืงื”
03:55
requested scholarships for their own students,
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ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืžืœื’ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืžืืจืฆื•ืชื™ื”ื,
03:58
and the Congressional Black Caucus
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ื•ืฉื“ื•ืœืช ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก
04:00
asked for and received hundreds of scholarships
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ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืžืื•ืช ืžืœื’ื•ืช
04:03
for young people from the USA.
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืžืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช.
04:07
Today, among the 23,000
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ื›ื™ื•ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”- 23,000
04:10
are graduates from 83 countries
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ื™ืฉื ื ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืž- 83 ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช
04:13
in the Americas, Africa and Asia,
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ืžื™ื‘ืฉืช ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื•ืืกื™ื”,
04:16
and enrollment has grown to 123 nations.
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ื•ื ืจืฉืžื• ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืž- 123 ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช.
04:22
More than half the students are young women.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื”ืŸ ื ืฉื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื•ืช.
04:24
They come from 100 ethnic groups,
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ื”ืŸ ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืž- 100 ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืืชื ื™ื•ืช,
04:26
speak 50 different languages.
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ื“ื•ื‘ืจื•ืช 50 ืฉืคื•ืช.
04:28
WHO Director Margaret Chan said,
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ื™ื•"ืจ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืžืจื’ืจื˜ ืฆ'ืืŸ ืืžืจื”,
04:31
"For once, if you are poor, female,
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"ื–ื• ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื‘ื” ืœืื“ื ืขื ื™, ืืฉื”,
04:35
or from an indigenous population,
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ืื• ื™ืœื™ื“,
04:37
you have a distinct advantage,
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ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ,
04:39
an ethic that makes this medical school unique."
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ื–ื”ื• ื ื•ื”ื’ ืฉืžื™ื™ื—ื“ ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ."
04:43
Luther Castillo comes from San Pedro de Tocamacho
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ืœื•ืชืจ ืงืกื˜ื™ื• ืžื’ื™ืข ืžืกืืŸ ืคื“ืจื• ื“ื” ื˜ื•ืงืžืฆ'ื•
04:48
on the Atlantic coast of Honduras.
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ื‘ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ืื˜ืœื ื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืจืก.
04:50
There's no running water,
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ืื™ืŸ ืฉื ืžื™ื ื–ื•ืจืžื™ื,
04:52
no electricity there,
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ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉืžืœ,
04:54
and to reach the village, you have to walk for hours
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ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื›ืคืจ, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœื›ืช ืฉืขื•ืช
04:58
or take your chances in a pickup truck like I did
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ืื• ืœื”ืกืชื›ืŸ ื‘ื˜ืจืžืค ืขื ื˜ื ื“ืจ ื›ืžื•ื ื™
05:01
skirting the waves of the Atlantic.
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ืชื•ืš ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืชื—ืžืง ืžื’ืœื™ ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก.
05:04
Luther was one of 40 Tocamacho children
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ืœื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืž- 40 ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื˜ื•ืงื•ืžืฆ'ื•
05:09
who started grammar school,
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ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™,
05:11
the sons and daughters of a black indigenous people
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ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื
05:13
known as the Garรญfuna,
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ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื ื’ืจื™ืคื•ื ื”,
05:15
20 percent of the Honduran population.
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ื”ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื 20% ืžืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืจืก.
05:19
The nearest healthcare was fatal miles away.
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ื”ืžืจืคืื” ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ืœื›ืคืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืจื—ื•ืงื” ืžื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื.
05:24
Luther had to walk three hours every day
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ืœื•ืชืจ ื”ืœืš 3 ืฉืขื•ืช ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื
05:27
to middle school.
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ืืœ ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ื™ื™ื.
05:29
Only 17 made that trip.
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ืจืง 17 ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืขืžื“ื• ื‘ืขื•ืžืก.
05:31
Only five went on to high school,
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ืจืง 5 ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ,
05:33
and only one to university:
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ื•ืจืง ืื—ื“ ืœืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”:
05:36
Luther, to ELAM,
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ืœื•ืชืจ, ืœ- ELAM,
05:38
among the first crop of Garรญfuna graduates.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ ืžืกื™ื™ืžื™ ื”ืชื•ืืจ ืžื‘ื ื™ ื”ื’ืจื™ืคื•ื ื”.
05:42
Just two Garรญfuna doctors had preceded them
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ืจืง 2 ื‘ื ื™ ื’ืจื™ืคื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื›ืฉืจื• ื›ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื”ื
05:45
in all of Honduran history.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืจืก.
05:48
Now there are 69, thanks to ELAM.
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ื›ื™ื•ื ื™ืฉื ื 69 ืจื•ืคืื™ื, ืชื•ื“ื•ืช ืœ- ELAM.
05:53
Big problems need big solutions,
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ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื,
05:57
sparked by big ideas, imagination and audacity,
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ืฉืžื•ื ืขื™ื ืข"ื™ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืชืขื•ื–ื”,
06:00
but also solutions that work.
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ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื.
06:03
ELAM's faculty had no handy evidence base
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ืœืžืจืฆื™ื ื‘- ELAM ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกื™ืก ืžื—ืงืจื™
06:07
to guide them, so they learned the hard way,
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ืฉื™ื ื—ื” ืื•ืชื, ื”ื ื ืืœืฆื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืงืฉื”,
06:10
by doing and correcting course as they went.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขืฉื™ื™ื”, ื•ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื“ืจืš.
06:14
Even the brightest students
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื˜ื™ื™ื ื™ื
06:16
from these poor communities
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ืžืื•ืชืŸ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืขื ื™ื•ืช
06:18
weren't academically prepared
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ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขืœื™ ืจืงืข ืืงื“ืžื™ ืžืกืคืง
06:20
for six years of medical training,
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ืœืงืจืืช 6 ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืจืคื•ืื”,
06:23
so a bridging course was set up in sciences.
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ืื– ื”ื ืคืชื—ื• ืงื•ืจืกื™ ื”ื›ื ื” ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืžื“ืข.
06:26
Then came language:
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉืคื”:
06:28
these were Mapuche, Quechuas, Guaranรญ, Garรญfuna,
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ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ืžืคื•ืฆ'ื”, ืงื•ื•ืฆ'ืืก, ื’ื•ืืจื ื™, ื’ืจื™ืคื•ื ื”,
06:31
indigenous peoples
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ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื
06:33
who learned Spanish as a second language,
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ืฉืœืžื“ื• ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช ื›ืฉืคื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื”,
06:35
or Haitians who spoke Creole.
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ืื• ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืื™ื˜ื™ ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ ืงืจื™ืื•ืœื™ืช.
06:38
So Spanish became part
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ืื– ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช ื”ืคื›ื• ืœื—ืœืง
06:40
of the pre-pre-med curriculum.
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ืžืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืงื“ื-ืงื“ื-ืจืคื•ืื”.
06:44
Even so, in Cuba,
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ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš, ื‘ืงื•ื‘ื”,
06:47
the music, the food, the smells,
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ื”ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”, ื”ืื•ื›ืœ, ื”ืจื™ื—ื•ืช,
06:50
just about everything was different,
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ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ื ื”,
06:53
so faculty became family, ELAM home.
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ืื– ื”ืžืจืฆื™ื ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืžืฉืคื—ื”, ELAM ื”ืคืš ืœื‘ื™ืช.
06:58
Religions ranged from indigenous beliefs
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ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื ืขื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืชื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื
07:00
to Yoruba, Muslim and Christian evangelical.
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ืœื™ื•ืจื•ื‘ื”, ืื™ืกืœื ื•ื ืฆืจื•ืช ืื‘ื ื’ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช.
07:05
Embracing diversity became a way of life.
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ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื“ืจืš ื—ื™ื™ื.
07:09
Why have so many countries
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ืžื“ื•ืข ืคื ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช
07:11
asked for these scholarships?
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ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžืœื’ื”?
07:13
First, they just don't have enough doctors,
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ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืžืกืคื™ืง ืจื•ืคืื™ื,
07:17
and where they do, their distribution
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ื•ื›ืฉื™ืฉ, ื”ื ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื
07:18
is skewed against the poor,
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ื”ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ืžืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืขื•ื ื™,
07:21
because our global health crisis
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ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™
07:23
is fed by a crisis in human resources.
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ืžื•ื–ืŸ ืข"ื™ ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืงืฆืืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื.
07:26
We are short four to seven million health workers
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ื—ืกืจื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืœืฉื‘ืขื” ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืจืคื•ืื”
07:30
just to meet basic needs,
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ืจืง ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืกืคืง ืจืคื•ืื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช,
07:33
and the problem is everywhere.
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ื•ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
07:35
Doctors are concentrated in the cities,
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ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ืขืจื™ื,
07:37
where only half the world's people live,
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ืืš ืฉื ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจืช ืจืง ื—ืฆื™ ืžืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื,
07:40
and within cities,
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ื•ื‘ืขืจื™ื,
07:41
not in the shantytowns or South L.A.
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ื”ื ื ืžื ืขื™ื ืžืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืคื—ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™.
07:46
Here in the United States,
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ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘,
07:47
where we have healthcare reform,
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ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช,
07:50
we don't have the professionals we need.
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ืื™ืŸ ืžืกืคื™ืง ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื.
07:52
By 2020, we will be short
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ืขื“ ืฉื ืช 2020, ื™ื—ืกืจื• ืœื ื•
07:55
45,000 primary care physicians.
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45,000 ืจื•ืคืื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื”.
07:59
And we're also part of the problem.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ื’ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช.
08:01
The United States is the number one importer
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ืืจื”"ื‘ ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื‘ื•ืืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ืื—ืช
08:04
of doctors from developing countries.
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ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืžืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช.
08:08
The second reasons students flock to Cuba
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ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืœื ื”ื™ืจืช ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืœืงื•ื‘ื”
08:11
is the island's own health report card,
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ื”ื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื™,
08:13
relying on strong primary care.
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ื”ืžืชื‘ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืจืคื•ืื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช.
08:16
A commission from The Lancet
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ื•ืขื“ื” ืžื”ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ Lancet
08:18
rates Cuba among the best performing
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ื“ืจื’ื” ืืช ืงื•ื‘ื” ื›ื‘ืขืœืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืจืคื•ืื” ืžื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช
08:20
middle-income countries in health.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืช.
08:23
Save the Children ranks Cuba
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ืืจื’ื•ืŸ 'ื”ืฆืœ ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื' ื“ื™ืจื’ ืืช ืงื•ื‘ื”
08:25
the best country in Latin America to become a mother.
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ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืืžื”ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” ื”ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ืช.
08:30
Cuba has similar life expectancy
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ืชื•ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ื‘ื” ื“ื•ืžื”
08:33
and lower infant mortality than the United States,
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ื•ืชืžื•ืชืช ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืžืืจื”"ื‘,
08:36
with fewer disparities,
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ืขื ืคื—ื•ืช ืื™ ืฉื™ื•ื™ื•ืŸ,
08:38
while spending per person
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืœื ืคืฉ
08:40
one 20th of what we do on health
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ื”ื™ื 1 ื—ืœืงื™ 20
08:43
here in the USA.
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ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœื”ื•ืฆืื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘.
08:45
Academically, ELAM is tough,
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ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื‘- ELAM ืชื•ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื,
08:48
but 80 percent of its students graduate.
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ืื‘ืœ 80 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืžืกื™ื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื.
08:52
The subjects are familiar โ€”
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ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืœื›ื -
08:53
basic and clinical sciences โ€”
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ืžื“ืขื™ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื•ืžื“ืขื™ื ืงืœื™ื ื™ื™ื -
08:56
but there are major differences.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื ื™ื›ืจื™ื.
08:58
First, training has moved out of the ivory tower
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ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื™ืฆื ืžืžื’ื“ืœ ื”ืฉืŸ
09:02
and into clinic classrooms and neighborhoods,
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ืืœ ื›ืชื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช,
09:05
the kinds of places most of these grads will practice.
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ืžืกื•ื’ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ื”ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื.
09:08
Sure, they have lectures and hospital rotations too,
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื’ื ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ื•ืชื•ืจื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื,
09:12
but community-based learning starts on day one.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืžื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื.
09:17
Second, students treat the whole patient,
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ืฉื ื™ืช, ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืœื” ื‘ื›ืœืœื•ืชื•,
09:21
mind and body,
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ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื ืคืฉ,
09:23
in the context of their families, their communities
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ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื”
09:25
and their culture.
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ื•ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช.
09:27
Third, they learn public health:
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ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ื”ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ:
09:30
to assess their patients' drinking water, housing,
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ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืžื™ ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื”, ืชื ืื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ,
09:33
social and economic conditions.
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ืžืฆื‘ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื™.
09:37
Fourth, they are taught
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ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช, ื”ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื
09:39
that a good patient interview
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ืฉืจืื™ื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื”
09:42
and a thorough clinical exam
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ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืงืœื™ื ื™ืช ืžืงื™ืคื”
09:44
provide most of the clues for diagnosis,
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ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืจืžื–ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืœืื‘ื—ื ื”,
09:47
saving costly technology for confirmation.
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ื›ืš ื”ื ื—ื•ืกื›ื™ื ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
09:51
And finally, they're taught over and over again
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘
09:54
the importance of prevention,
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ืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื™ืขื”,
09:57
especially as chronic diseases
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื‘ื” ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช
09:59
cripple health systems worldwide.
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ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
10:03
Such an in-service learning
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ื”ื•ืจืื” ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ
10:06
also comes with a team approach,
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ืžืกื™ื™ืขืช ื’ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืฆื•ื•ืช,
10:09
as much how to work in teams
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืช
10:12
as how to lead them,
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ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื’ ืฆื•ื•ืช,
10:14
with a dose of humility.
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ืขื ืงื•ืจื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืขื ื•ื•ื”.
10:16
Upon graduation, these doctors share
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ืœืื—ืจ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื, ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื™ื—ืœืงื•
10:19
their knowledge with nurse's aids, midwives,
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ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื”ื ืขื ืขื•ื–ืจื™ ืื—ื™ื•ืช, ืžื™ื™ืœื“ื•ืช,
10:21
community health workers,
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ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ,
10:23
to help them become better at what they do,
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ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื ืœื”ืฉืชืคืจ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช,
10:26
not to replace them,
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ืœื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืื•ืชื,
10:28
to work with shamans and traditional healers.
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ืœืฉืชืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ืจื•ืคืื™ ื”ืืœื™ืœ ื•ื”ืžืจืคืื™ื ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื.
10:33
ELAM's graduates:
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ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ELAM:
10:35
Are they proving this audacious experiment right?
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ื”ืื ื”ื ืžืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ื ื•ืขื– ื”ื–ื”?
10:40
Dozens of projects give us an inkling
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ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื ื• ืžื•ืฉื’
10:42
of what they're capable of doing.
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
10:45
Take the Garรญfuna grads.
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ื”ื’ืจื™ืคื•ื ื”.
10:47
They not only went to work back home,
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ื”ื ื—ื–ืจื• ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”,
10:49
but they organized their communities to build
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ื•ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื”ื ืœื”ืงืžืช
10:51
Honduras' first indigenous hospital.
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ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœื™ืœื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืจืก.
10:55
With an architect's help,
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ืขื ืขื–ืจื” ืžืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜,
10:57
residents literally raised it from the ground up.
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ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื‘ื ื• ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื• ื™ื“ื™ื”ื.
11:01
The first patients walked through the doors
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ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืื•ืฉืคื–ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื
11:03
in December 2007,
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ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2007,
11:06
and since then, the hospital has received
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ื•ืžืื–, ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ
11:08
nearly one million patient visits.
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ื›ืžืขื˜ ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื.
11:11
And government is paying attention,
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ื•ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ืžืชืจืฉื,
11:14
upholding the hospital as a model
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ื•ืžืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืžื•ื“ืœ
11:16
of rural public health for Honduras.
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ืœืฉืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืขืจื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืจืก.
11:21
ELAM's graduates are smart,
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ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ELAM ื”ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื,
11:25
strong and also dedicated.
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ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื•ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืžื˜ืจื”.
11:28
Haiti, January 2010.
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ื”ืื™ื˜ื™, ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2010,
11:33
The pain.
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ื”ื›ืื‘.
11:35
People buried under 30 million tons of rubble.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื ืงื‘ืจื• ืชื—ืช 30 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื™ืกื•ืช.
11:39
Overwhelming.
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ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืชืคืก.
11:41
Three hundred forty Cuban doctors
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340 ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืงื•ื‘ื ื™ื
11:43
were already on the ground long term.
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ื›ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื“ื• ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื‘ืžืงื•ื.
11:45
More were on their way. Many more were needed.
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ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš. ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื.
11:47
At ELAM, students worked round the clock
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ื‘- ELAM, ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืขื‘ื“ื• ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืฉืขื•ืŸ
11:51
to contact 2,000 graduates.
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ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืงืฉืจ ืขื 2,000 ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื.
11:54
As a result, hundreds arrived in Haiti,
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ื•ื›ืš, ืžืื•ืช ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื”ืื™ื˜ื™,
11:57
27 countries' worth, from Mali in the Sahara
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ืž- 27 ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช, ืžืžืืœื™ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืกื”ืจื”
12:01
to St. Lucia, Bolivia, Chile and the USA.
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ื•ืขื“ ืกื ื˜ื” ืœื•ืฆ'ื™ื”, ื‘ื•ืœื™ื‘ื™ื”, ืฆ'ื™ืœื” ื•ืืจื”"ื‘.
12:06
They spoke easily to each other in Spanish
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ื”ื ืชืงืฉืจื• ื‘ื™ื ื ื‘ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช
12:09
and listened to their patients in Creole
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ื•ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงืจืื•ืœื™ืช
12:12
thanks to Haitian medical students
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืจืคื•ืื” ืžื”ืื™ื˜ื™
12:14
flown in from ELAM in Cuba.
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ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืกื• ืž- ELAM ื‘ืงื•ื‘ื”.
12:16
Many stayed for months,
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ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื,
12:18
even through the cholera epidemic.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืžื’ืคืช ื”ื›ื•ืœื™ืจื”.
12:21
Hundreds of Haitian graduates
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ืžืื•ืช ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืžื”ืื™ื˜ื™
12:23
had to pick up the pieces,
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ืขื–ืจื• ื‘ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ื”ืจื™ืกื•ืช,
12:26
overcome their own heartbreak,
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ื›ืฉื”ื ืžืชื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืืกื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื—ื•ื• ื‘ืขืฆืžื,
12:28
and then pick up the burden
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ื•ืื– ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืกื™ื™ืข
12:30
of building a new public health system for Haiti.
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ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ื”ืื™ื˜ื™.
12:33
Today, with aid of organizations and governments
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ื›ื™ื•ื, ื‘ืกื™ื•ืข ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช
12:36
from Norway to Cuba to Brazil,
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ืžื ื•ืจื•ื•ื’ื™ื” ืœืงื•ื‘ื” ื•ืœื‘ืจื–ื™ืœ,
12:38
dozens of new health centers have been built,
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ื ื‘ื ื• ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื,
12:41
staffed, and in 35 cases, headed
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ืื•ื™ืฉื•, ื•ื‘-35 ืžืงืจื™ื ื ื•ื”ืœื•,
12:44
by ELAM graduates.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ELAM.
12:48
Yet the Haitian story
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ืื•ืœื ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ื˜ื™
12:50
also illustrates some of the bigger problems
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ืžืฆื™ืฃ ื’ื ื›ืžื” ืžื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช
12:52
faced in many countries.
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ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช.
12:54
Take a look:
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ืชืจืื•:
12:56
748 Haitian graduates by 2012, when cholera struck,
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748 ืื–ืจื—ื™ ื”ืื™ื˜ื™ ืกื™ื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืขื“ 2012, ืื– ื”ืชืคืจืฆื” ื”ื›ื•ืœืจื”,
13:02
nearly half working in the public health sector
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ื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืชื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™
13:05
but one quarter unemployed,
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ืื‘ืœ ืจื‘ืข ืžื•ื‘ื˜ืœื™ื,
13:07
and 110 had left Haiti altogether.
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ื•- 110 ืขื–ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืื™ื˜ื™.
13:14
So in the best case scenarios,
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ื›ืš ืฉื’ื ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
13:16
these graduates are staffing
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ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืžืื™ื™ืฉื™ื
13:18
and thus strengthening public health systems,
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ื•ืžื—ื–ืงื™ื ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช,
13:21
where often they're the only doctors around.
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ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ.
13:25
In the worst cases, there are simply not enough jobs
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ื‘ืชืกืจื™ื˜ ื”ื’ืจื•ืข, ืื™ืŸ ืžืกืคื™ืง ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจื
13:27
in the public health sector,
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ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช,
13:29
where most poor people are treated,
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ืฉืžื˜ืคืœืช ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื,
13:32
not enough political will, not enough resources,
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ืื™ืŸ ืžืกืคื™ืง ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช, ืื™ืŸ ืžืกืคื™ืง ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื,
13:34
not enough anything โ€”
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ืื™ืŸ ืžืกืคื™ืง ืžืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ -
13:37
just too many patients with no care.
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ืจืง ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ.
13:40
The grads face pressure from their families too,
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ื”ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื ื™ืฆื‘ื™ื ื’ื ืžื•ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ,
13:43
desperate to make ends meet,
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ืฉืจื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืฉืงืขืชืŸ,
13:45
so when there are no public sector jobs,
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ื•ื‘ื”ืขื“ืจ ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช
13:48
these new MDs decamp into private practice,
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ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืจื˜ื™,
13:51
or go abroad to send money home.
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ืื• ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืœื—ื•"ืœ ื•ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ืžืฉื ื›ืกืฃ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”.
13:55
Worst of all, in some countries,
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ื•ื’ืจื•ืข ืžื›ืœ, ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช,
13:58
medical societies influence accreditation bodies
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ื”ืื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ
14:01
not to honor the ELAM degree,
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ืœื ืœื›ื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืืจ ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ELAM,
14:04
fearful these grads will take their jobs
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ื”ื ืžืคื—ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื™ื’ื–ืœื• ืืช ืžืฉืจื•ืชื™ื”ื
14:06
or reduce their patient loads and income.
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ืื• ื™ืชื—ืจื• ืืชื ืขืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื™ืคื’ืขื• ื‘ื”ื›ื ืกืชื.
14:10
It's not a question of competencies.
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ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื.
14:13
Here in the USA, the California Medical Board
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ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”
14:15
accredited the school after rigorous inspection,
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ืื™ืฉืจื” ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืื—ืจื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืงื™ืคื”,
14:19
and the new physicians are making good
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ื•ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืžืคื’ื™ื ื™ื ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช
14:21
on Cuba's big bet,
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ืžื”ื”ื™ืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ื‘ื”,
14:23
passing their boards and accepted
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ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืกืžื›ื” ื•ืžืชืงื‘ืœื™ื
14:25
into highly respected residencies
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ืœื”ืชืžื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ื•ืช
14:27
from New York to Chicago to New Mexico.
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ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง ืœืฉื™ืงื’ื• ื•ืœื ื™ื•-ืžืงืกื™ืงื•.
14:31
Two hundred strong, they're coming
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200 ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื, ื”ื ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื
14:34
back to the United States energized,
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ืœืืจื”"ื‘ ืžืœืื™ ืื ืจื’ื™ื”,
14:36
and also dissatisfied.
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ื•ืœื ืžืจื•ืฆื™ื ืžื”ืžืฆื‘.
14:39
As one grad put it,
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉื‘ื•ื’ืจ ืื—ื“ ืืžืจ,
14:40
in Cuba, "We are trained to provide quality care
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ื‘ืงื•ื‘ื”, "ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืกืคืง ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™
14:44
with minimal resources,
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื,
14:46
so when I see all the resources we have here,
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ื•ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืืŸ,
14:48
and you tell me that's not possible,
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ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืœื™ ืฉืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืกืคืง ืจืคื•ืื” ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ืช,
14:51
I know it's not true.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
14:53
Not only have I seen it work, I've done the work."
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ืœื ืจืง ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืื ื™ ื’ืจืžืชื™ ืœื–ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“."
14:58
ELAM's graduates,
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ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ELAM,
15:00
some from right here in D.C. and Baltimore,
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ื—ืœืงื ืžื›ืืŸ, ืžื•ื•ืฉื™ื ื’ื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ืžื•ืจ,
15:04
have come from the poorest of the poor
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ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืžื”ืจืงืข ื”ืขื ื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
15:07
to offer health, education
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ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš
15:09
and a voice to their communities.
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ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
15:12
They've done the heavy lifting.
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ื”ื ื ืฉืื• ื‘ืขื•ืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื“ืจืš.
15:15
Now we need to do our part
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข
15:17
to support the 23,000 and counting,
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ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘- 23,000 ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืฉืžืกืคืจื ืขื•ืœื”,
15:21
All of us โ€”
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• -
15:22
foundations, residency directors, press,
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ืงืจื ื•ืช, ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืชืžื—ื•ื™ื•ืช, ืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™ื,
15:26
entrepreneurs, policymakers, people โ€”
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ื™ื–ืžื™ื, ืžื—ื•ืงืงื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ื -
15:29
need to step up.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ.
15:31
We need to do much more globally
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ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช
15:33
to give these new doctors the opportunity
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ื•ืœืชืช ืœืจื•ืคืื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช
15:36
to prove their mettle.
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ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ืขืฆืžื.
15:38
They need to be able
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ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื
15:39
to take their countries' licensing exams.
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ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืกืžื›ื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
15:42
They need jobs in the public health sector
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ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช
15:45
or in nonprofit health centers
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ืื• ื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืœืœื ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืจื•ื•ื—
15:47
to put their training and commitment to work.
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ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
15:51
They need the chance to be
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ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช
15:53
the doctors their patients need.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืฉื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื”ื.
15:58
To move forward,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืงื“ื,
16:00
we may have to find our way back
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ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื—ื–ืจื”
16:03
to that pediatrician who would
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ืืœ ืื•ืชื• ืจื•ืคื ื™ืœื“ื™ื
16:05
knock on my family's door
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ืฉื ื”ื’ ืœื“ืคื•ืง ืขืœ ื”ื“ืœืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™
16:07
on the South Side of Chicago when I was a kid,
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ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ื“ืจื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืงื’ื• ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“ื”,
16:10
who made house calls,
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ืฉืขืจืš ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช,
16:12
who was a public servant.
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.
16:15
These aren't such new ideas
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ืืœื• ืœื ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
16:17
of what medicine should be.
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื”ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืจืฆื•ื™ื” ืœื ื•.
16:19
What's new is the scaling up
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ืžื” ืฉื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืงื ื” ื”ืžื™ื“ื”
16:22
and the faces of the doctors themselves:
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ื•ื”ืžืจืื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืขืฆืžื:
16:25
an ELAM graduate is more likely to be a she
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ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ELAM ื”ื ืœืจื•ื‘ ื ืฉื™ื
16:29
than a he;
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ื•ืœื ื’ื‘ืจื™ื,
16:31
In the Amazon, Peru or Guatemala,
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ื‘ืืžื–ื•ื ืก, ืคืจื• ืื• ื’ื•ืื˜ืžืœื”,
16:33
an indigenous doctor;
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ื ืคื’ื•ืฉ ืจื•ืคื ื™ืœื™ื“,
16:36
in the USA, a doctor of color
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ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘, ืจื•ืคื ืžืžื•ืฆื ืฆื‘ืขื•ื ื™
16:39
who speaks fluent Spanish.
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ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจ ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช.
16:41
She is well trained, can be counted on,
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ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœื™ื”,
16:45
and shares the face and culture of her patients,
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ื•ื‘ืื” ืžืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžืจืื” ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœื—ื•ืœื™ื,
16:49
and she deserves our support surely,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœืชืžื™ื›ืชื ื• ื”ืžืœืื”,
16:52
because whether by subway, mule, or canoe,
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ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช, ืขืœ ื—ืžื•ืจ ืื• ื‘ืกื™ืจื”,
16:56
she is teaching us to walk the walk.
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ื”ื™ื ืžืœืžื“ืช ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื›ืžื• ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื.
16:59
Thank you. (Applause)
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื. [ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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