We the People, and the Republic we must reclaim | Lawrence Lessig

295,625 views ใƒป 2013-04-03

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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ืžืชืจื’ื: Shlomo Adam ืžื‘ืงืจ: benyamin zinshtein
00:12
Once upon a time,
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ื”ื™ึนื” ื”ื™ึธื”
00:15
there was a place called Lesterland.
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ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืฉื "ืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ".
00:18
Now Lesterland looks a lot like the United States.
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ืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ ื“ื•ืžื” ืžืื“ ืœืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช.
00:21
Like the United States, it has about 311 million people,
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ื›ืžื• ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช, ื’ื ื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ื›-311 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื,
00:26
and of that 311 million people,
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ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื”-311 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืืœื”,
00:29
it turns out 144,000 are called Lester.
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ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉืฉืžื ืฉืœ 144,000 ืื™ืฉ ื”ื•ื ืœืกื˜ืจ.
00:33
If Matt's in the audience,
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ืื ืžืื˜ ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืงื”ืœ,
00:35
I just borrowed that, I'll return it in a second,
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ืื ื™ ืจืง ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื” ื•ืื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืจื’ืข,
00:37
this character from your series.
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ืืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืžื”ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœืš.
00:40
So 144,000 are called Lester,
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ืื– 144,000 ืื™ืฉ ื ืงืจืื™ื ืœืกื˜ืจ,
00:42
which means about .05 percent is named Lester.
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื›-0.05% ืฉืžื ืœืกื˜ืจ.
00:47
Now, Lesters in Lesterland have this extraordinary power.
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ืœืœืกื˜ืจื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ ื™ืฉ ืขื•ืฆืžื” ื™ื•ืฆืืช-ื“ื•ืคืŸ.
00:50
There are two elections every election cycle in Lesterland.
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ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื™ ืžื”ืœื›ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช.
00:53
One is called the general election.
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ื”ืื—ื“ ื ืงืจื "ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช".
00:56
The other is called the Lester election.
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ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ื ืงืจื "ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืกื˜ืจ".
00:59
And in the general election, it's the citizens who get to vote,
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ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช, ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื ืฉื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข,
01:02
but in the Lester election, it's the Lesters who get to vote.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืกื˜ืจ, ื”ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื ื”ื ืฉื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข.
01:05
And here's the trick.
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ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ืกื•ื“:
01:06
In order to run in the general election,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช,
01:10
you must do extremely well
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ืืชื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื™ืคื” ืžืื“
01:13
in the Lester election.
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ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืกื˜ืจ.
01:14
You don't necessarily have to win, but you must do extremely well.
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ืืชื” ืœื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื ืฆื—, ืื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ืš ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื”ื™ื˜ื‘.
01:17
Now, what can we say about democracy in Lesterland?
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ื•ืžื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ?
01:21
What we can say, number one,
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ืžื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ, ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ืœ,
01:22
as the Supreme Court said in Citizens United,
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืืžืจ ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ "ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ื™ื",
01:25
that people have the ultimate influence over elected officials,
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ืฉื”ืขื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ,
01:29
because, after all, there is a general election,
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ื›ื™ ื”ืจื™ ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช,
01:32
but only after the Lesters have had their way
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ืื‘ืœ ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื ื”ืฉื™ื’ื• ืืช ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉื
01:35
with the candidates who wish to run in the general election.
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ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช.
01:38
And number two, obviously, this dependence upon the Lesters
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ื•ืฉื ื™ืช ื›ืœ, ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื
01:42
is going to produce a subtle, understated,
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ืชืคื™ืง ืžืŸ ื”ืกืชื ื”ื˜ื™ื” ืžืขื•ื“ื ืช,
01:45
we could say camouflaged, bending
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ืกืžื•ื™ื”, ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืžื•ืกื•ื•ื™ืช,
01:47
to keep the Lesters happy.
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ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืžืจื•ืฆื™ื.
01:50
Okay, so we have a democracy, no doubt,
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ื˜ื•ื‘. ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ืกืคืง,
01:54
but it's dependent upon the Lesters
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื
01:55
and dependent upon the people.
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ื•ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืขื.
01:57
It has competing dependencies,
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ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื™ื—ืกื™-ืชืœื•ืช ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื™ื,
02:00
we could say conflicting dependencies,
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ื™ื—ืกื™-ืชืœื•ืช ืกื•ืชืจื™ื,
02:02
depending upon who the Lesters are.
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ื•ื–ื” ืชืœื•ื™ ืžื™ื”ื ื”ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื.
02:07
Okay. That's Lesterland.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื–ืืช ื”ื™ืชื” ืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ.
02:09
Now there are three things I want you to see now that I've described Lesterland.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชืจืื• 3 ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื›ืขืช ืžืฉืชื™ืืจืชื™ ืืช ืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ.
02:12
Number one, the United States is Lesterland.
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ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ.
02:15
The United States is Lesterland.
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ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ.
02:17
The United States also looks like this, also has two elections,
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ื’ื ืืจื”"ื‘ ื ืจืื™ืช ื›ืš, ื•ื’ื ื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื™ ืžื”ืœื›ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช,
02:19
one we called the general election,
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ืœืื—ื“ ืงืจืื ื• "ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช",
02:22
the second we should call the money election.
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ื•ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื›ื ื•ืช "ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ".
02:26
In the general election, it's the citizens who get to vote,
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ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช, ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื ืฉื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข,
02:28
if you're over 18, in some states if you have an ID.
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ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžืขืœ ื’ื™ืœ 18, ื•ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื“ื™ ื‘ืชืขื•ื“ื” ืžื–ื”ื”.
02:30
In the money election, it's the funders who get to vote,
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ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ, ื”ืžืžืžื ื™ื ื”ื ืฉื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข,
02:34
the funders who get to vote, and just like in Lesterland,
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ื”ืžืžืžื ื™ื ื”ื ืฉืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื, ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ,
02:36
the trick is, to run in the general election,
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ื”ืกื•ื“ ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช,
02:39
you must do extremely well in the money election.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื™ืคื” ืžืื“ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ.
02:41
You don't necessarily have to win. There is Jerry Brown.
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ืœื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื ืฆื—. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื’'ืจื™ ื‘ืจืื•ืŸ.
02:44
But you must do extremely well.
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ืื‘ืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื™ืคื” ืžืื“.
02:47
And here's the key: There are just as few relevant funders
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืžืคืชื—: ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืžืžื ื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื
02:51
in USA-land as there are Lesters in Lesterland.
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ื’ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ืืจื”"ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืขื˜, ื•ื–ื”ื” ืœืžืกืคืจ ื”ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ.
02:57
Now you say, really?
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ื•ื“ืื™ ืชืฉืืœื•: ืžื”, ื‘ืืžืช?
02:58
Really .05 percent?
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ื‘ืืžืช? ืืคืก ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืืคืก ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืื—ื•ื–?
03:02
Well, here are the numbers from 2010:
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื” ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืž-2010:
03:04
.26 percent of America
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ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”, 0.26%
03:06
gave 200 dollars or more to any federal candidate,
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ืชืจืžื• 200 ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžื•ืขืžื“ ืคื“ืจืœื™ ื›ืœืฉื”ื•,
03:09
.05 percent gave the maximum amount to any federal candidate,
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0.05% ืื—ื•ื– ืชืจืžื• ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืœืžื•ืขืžื“ ืคื“ืจืœื™ ื›ืœืฉื”ื•,
03:13
.01 percent -- the one percent of the one percent --
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0.01% - ืื—ื•ื– ืื—ื“ ืžืชื•ืš ืื—ื•ื– ืื—ื“ --
03:17
gave 10,000 dollars or more to federal candidates,
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ืชืจืžื• 10,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ืคื“ืจืœื™ื™ื,
03:20
and in this election cycle, my favorite statistic
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ื•ื‘ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื–ื”, ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื” ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœื™
03:23
is .000042 percent
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ื”ื™ื 0.000042 ืื—ื•ื–
03:27
โ€” for those of you doing the numbers, you know that's 132 Americans โ€”
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โ€“ ืืœื• ืžื›ื ืฉื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื—ืฉื‘ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืืœื” 132 ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื โ€“
03:31
gave 60 percent of the Super PAC money spent
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ืชืจืžื• 60 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื”
03:35
in the cycle we have just seen ending.
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ื‘ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื–ื” ืขืชื” ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื.
03:38
So I'm just a lawyer, I look at this range of numbers,
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ืื ื™ ืกืชื ืขื•ืจืš-ื“ื™ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”
03:40
and I say it's fair for me to say
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ื•ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ืžืฆื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข
03:42
it's .05 percent who are our relevant funders in America.
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ืฉื”-0.05% ื”ื ื”ืžืžืžื ื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”.
03:46
In this sense, the funders are our Lesters.
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ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื–ื”, ื”ืžืžืžื ื™ื ื”ื ื”ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
03:50
Now, what can we say about this democracy in USA-land?
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ืื– ืžื” ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืืจืฅ ืืจื”"ื‘?
03:53
Well, as the Supreme Court said in Citizens United,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืงื‘ืข ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ "ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ื™ื",
03:56
we could say, of course the people have the ultimate influence
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ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืขื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”
03:58
over the elected officials. We have a general election,
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ืขืœ ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช,
04:02
but only after the funders have had their way
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ืื‘ืœ ืจืง ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืžืžืžื ื™ื ื”ืฉื™ื’ื• ืืช ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉื
04:06
with the candidates who wish to run in that general election.
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ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ืฉืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช.
04:10
And number two, obviously,
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ื•ืฉื ื™ืช, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ,
04:12
this dependence upon the funders
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ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืžืžืžื ื™ื
04:15
produces a subtle, understated, camouflaged bending
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ืžื™ื™ืฆืจืช ื”ื˜ื™ื” ืžืขื•ื“ื ืช, ืกืžื•ื™ื” ื•ืžื•ืกื•ื•ื™ืช
04:18
to keep the funders happy.
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ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืžืžืžื ื™ื ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืžืจื•ืฆื™ื.
04:21
Candidates for Congress and members of Congress
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ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ืœืงื•ื ื’ืจืก ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก
04:24
spend between 30 and 70 percent of their time
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ืžืงื“ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ 30 ืœ-70 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื–ืžื ื
04:28
raising money to get back to Congress
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ืœื’ื™ื•ืก ื›ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก
04:31
or to get their party back into power,
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ืื• ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืคืœื’ื” ืฉืœื”ื ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ,
04:32
and the question we need to ask is, what does it do to them,
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ื•ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื”ื™ื, ืžื” ื–ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืœื”ื,
04:36
these humans, as they spend their time
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ืœื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ืืœื”, ื›ืฉื”ื ืžื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื–ืžื ื
04:38
behind the telephone, calling people they've never met,
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ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ, ืžื˜ืœืคื ื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืคื’ืฉื•,
04:41
but calling the tiniest slice of the one percent?
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืžื˜ืœืคื ื™ื ืœืื•ืชื• ื ืชื— ื–ืขื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืื—ื•ื– ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“?
04:45
As anyone would, as they do this,
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ื›ืžื• ื›ืœ ืื—ื“, ื›ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช,
04:47
they develop a sixth sense, a constant awareness
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ื”ื ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ื—ื•ืฉ ืฉื™ืฉื™, ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืžืชืžื“ืช
04:51
about how what they do might affect their ability to raise money.
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ื›ืกืฃ.
04:54
They become, in the words of "The X-Files,"
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ื”ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื, ื›ืžื• ื”ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื‘"ืชื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืืคืœื”",
04:56
shape-shifters, as they constantly adjust their views
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ืœืžืฉื ื™-ืฆื•ืจื”, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืžืฉื ื™ื ืœืœื ื”ืจืฃ ืืช ื“ืขื•ืชื™ื”ื
04:59
in light of what they know will help them to raise money,
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ืœืื•ืจ ืžื” ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ื›ืกืฃ,
05:02
not on issues one to 10,
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ืœื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื 1 ืขื“ 10,
05:04
but on issues 11 to 1,000.
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ืืœื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื 11 ืขื“ 1,000.
05:07
Leslie Byrne, a Democrat from Virginia,
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ืœืกืœื™ ื‘ื™ื™ืจืŸ, ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ืžื•ื•ื™ืจื’'ื™ื ื™ื”,
05:08
describes that when she went to Congress,
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ืžืชืืจืช ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื ื›ื ืกื” ืœืงื•ื ื’ืจืก,
05:10
she was told by a colleague, "Always lean to the green."
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ืืžืจ ืœื” ืื—ื“ ืžืขืžื™ืชื™ื”, "ืชืžื™ื“ ืœื ื˜ื•ืช ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืจื•ืง."
05:14
Then to clarify, she went on,
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ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ, ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื•ืืžืจื”,
05:16
"He was not an environmentalist." (Laughter)
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"ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชืŸ." [ืฆื—ื•ืง]
05:20
So here too we have a democracy,
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ืื– ื’ื ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”,
05:22
a democracy dependent upon the funders
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ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ืฉืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืžืžืžื ื™ื
05:24
and dependent upon the people,
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ื•ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืขื,
05:26
competing dependencies,
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ื™ื—ืกื™-ืชืœื•ืช ืžืชื—ืจื™ื,
05:28
possibly conflicting dependencies
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ืื•ืœื™ ื™ื—ืกื™-ืชืœื•ืช ืกื•ืชืจื™ื
05:30
depending upon who the funders are.
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ืชืœื•ื™ ืžื™ ื”ื ื”ืžืžืžื ื™ื.
05:34
Okay, the United States is Lesterland, point number one.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ, ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžืกืคืจ ืื—ืช.
05:37
Here's point number two.
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ื”ื ื” ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืชื™ื™ื.
05:39
The United States is worse than Lesterland,
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ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื’ืจื•ืขื” ืžืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ,
05:42
worse than Lesterland because you can imagine in Lesterland
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ื’ืจื•ืขื” ืžืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ, ื›ื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ
05:44
if we Lesters got a letter from the government that said,
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ืื™ืœื• ืื ื•, ื”ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื, ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ืžื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžื›ืชื‘ ืฉืืžืจ,
05:47
"Hey, you get to pick who gets to run in the general election,"
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"ืฉืžืขื•, ืืชื ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืžื™ ื™ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช",
05:50
we would think maybe of a kind of aristocracy of Lesters.
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ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืื•ืœื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืื™ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืืจื™ืกื˜ื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ืœืกื˜ืจื™ืช.
05:54
You know, there are Lesters from every part of social society.
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ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื™ ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”.
05:56
There are rich Lesters, poor Lesters, black Lesters, white Lesters,
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ื™ืฉ ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื, ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื ืขื ื™ื™ื, ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื, ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื,
05:59
not many women Lesters, but put that to the side for one second.
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ืื™ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื ืฉื™ื ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื ืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื–ื” ืœืจื’ืข.
06:02
We have Lesters from everywhere. We could think,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื. ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘,
06:04
"What could we do to make Lesterland better?"
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"ืžื” ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ ืœืžืงื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘?"
06:07
It's at least possible the Lesters would act for the good of Lesterland.
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ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคื—ื•ืช, ื”ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ.
06:12
But in our land, in this land, in USA-land,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืืจืฆื ื•, ื‘ืืจืฅ ื”ื–ืืช, ื‘ืืจืฅ ืืจื”"ื‘,
06:15
there are certainly some sweet Lesters out there,
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ื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื›ืžื” ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื ื ื—ืžื“ื™ื,
06:18
many of them in this room here today,
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ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืื•ืœื,
06:20
but the vast majority of Lesters act for the Lesters,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื›ืจื™ืข ืฉืœ ื”ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื,
06:24
because the shifting coalitions that are comprising the .05 percent
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ื›ื™ ื”ืงื•ืืœื™ืฆื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืชื ื•ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”-0.05 ืื—ื•ื–,
06:28
are not comprising it for the public interest.
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ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ืœืคื™ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™,
06:31
It's for their private interest. In this sense, the USA is worse than Lesterland.
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ืืœื ืœืคื™ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœื”ืŸ. ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื–ื”, ืืจื”"ื‘ ื’ืจื•ืขื” ืžืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ.
06:35
And finally, point number three:
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืœื•ืฉ:
06:37
Whatever one wants to say about Lesterland,
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ืชืืžืจื• ืืฉืจ ืชืืžืจื• ืขืœ ืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ,
06:40
against the background of its history, its traditions,
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ืขืœ ื”ืจืงืข ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœื” ื•ื”ืžืกื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื”,
06:43
in our land, in USA-land, Lesterland is a corruption,
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ื”ืจื™ ื‘ืืจืฆื ื•, ื‘ืืจืฅ ืืจื”"ื‘, ืืจืฅ ืœืกื˜ืจ ื”ื™ื ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช,
06:48
a corruption.
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ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช.
06:49
Now, by corruption I don't mean brown paper bag cash
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ื‘ืื•ืžืจื™ "ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช" ืื™ื ื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืžื–ื•ืžื ื™ื ื‘ืฉืงื™ื•ืช ื ื™ื™ืจ ื—ื•ื
06:53
secreted among members of Congress.
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ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ืฉืื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก.
06:55
I don't mean Rod Blagojevich sense of corruption.
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ืื™ื ื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ืจื•ื“ ื‘ืœื’ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื™ืฅ'.
06:58
I don't mean any criminal act.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืคืœื™ืœื™ ื›ืœืฉื”ื•.
07:00
The corruption I'm talking about is perfectly legal.
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ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื” ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื•ืงื™ืช ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ.
07:03
It's a corruption relative to the framers' baseline for this republic.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืœืงื•ื•ื™ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื” ื”ื–ืืช.
07:08
The framers gave us what they called a republic,
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ืžื ื™ื—ื™ ืงื•ื•ื™ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ืขื ื™ืงื• ืœื ื• ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื ื›ื™ื ื• "ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื”",
07:12
but by a republic they meant a representative democracy,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘"ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื”" ื”ื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ื• ืœื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ื™ืช,
07:16
and by a representative democracy, they meant a government,
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ื•ื‘"ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ื™ืช" ื”ื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ื• ืœืžืžืฉืœ -
07:19
as Madison put it in Federalist 52, that would have a branch
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ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื“ื™ืกื•ืŸ ื‘"ืคื“ืจืœื™ืกื˜ ืžืก' 52" - ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืขื ืฃ
07:22
that would be dependent upon the people alone.
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ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืชืœื•ื™ ืืš ื•ืจืง ื‘ืขื.
07:27
So here's the model of government.
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ืื– ื”ื ื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœ.
07:28
They have the people and the government
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ื™ืฉื ื• ื”ืขื ื•ื™ืฉื ื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”
07:31
with this exclusive dependency,
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ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ืช,
07:33
but the problem here is that Congress has evolved a different dependence,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก ืคื™ืชื— ืชืœื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื”,
07:37
no longer a dependence upon the people alone,
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ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื ืœื‘ื“ื•,
07:40
increasingly a dependence upon the funders.
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ื™ืฉ ืชืœื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ื’ื•ื‘ืจืช ื‘ืžืžืžื ื™ื.
07:42
Now this is a dependence too,
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ื•ื’ื ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ืชืœื•ืช.
07:46
but it's different and conflicting from a dependence upon the people alone
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ืืš ื”ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ืกื•ืชืจืช ืืช ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื ืœื‘ื“ื•
07:49
so long as the funders are not the people.
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ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืžืžืžื ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื”ืขื.
07:54
This is a corruption.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช.
07:56
Now, there's good news and bad news about this corruption.
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ื™ืฉ ื‘ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืจืขื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื–ื•.
07:58
One bit of good news is that it's bipartisan,
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ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืื—ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ื“ื•-ืžืคืœื’ืชื™ืช,
08:01
equal-opportunity corruption.
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ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ืช-ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช.
08:03
It blocks the left on a whole range of issues that we on the left really care about.
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ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ืกืžืช ืืช ื”ืฉืžืืœ ื‘ืงืฉืช ืฉืœืžื” ืฉืœ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉืžืื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื ื•, ื‘ืฉืžืืœ.
08:08
It blocks the right too, as it makes
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ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ืกืžืช ื’ื ืืช ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื•ืœืžืช
08:10
principled arguments of the right increasingly impossible.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื™ืขื•ื ื™ื ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ.
08:14
So the right wants smaller government.
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ืื– ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
08:16
When Al Gore was Vice President, his team had an idea
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ื›ืฉืืœ ื’ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืกื’ืŸ-ื ืฉื™ื, ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื• ื”ื’ื” ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ
08:19
for deregulating a significant portion of the telecommunications industry.
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ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื—ืœืง ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืžืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ืช.
08:23
The chief policy man took this idea to Capitol Hill,
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ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื“ื’ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื–ื• ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืœื’ื‘ืขืช ื”ืงืคื™ื˜ื•ืœ,
08:26
and as he reported back to me,
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ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืœื™,
08:28
the response was, "Hell no!
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ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ืชื”, "ืœื, ืœืขื–ืื–ืœ!
08:30
If we deregulate these guys,
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ืื ื ืกื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืžืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจ'ื” ื”ืืœื”,
08:32
how are we going to raise money from them?"
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ืื™ืš ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืžื”ื ื›ืกืฃ?"
08:35
This is a system that's designed to save the status quo,
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื,
08:39
including the status quo of big and invasive government.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉืœื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืคื•ืœืฉืช ืœืชื—ื•ื ื”ืคืจื˜.
08:43
It works against the left and the right,
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ื–ื” ืคื•ื’ืข ื’ื ื‘ืฉืžืืœ ื•ื’ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ืŸ,
08:45
and that, you might say, is good news.
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ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืชืืžืจื• ืฉืืœื” ื‘ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช.
08:47
But here's the bad news.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื” ื”ื‘ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืขื•ืช.
08:49
It's a pathological, democracy-destroying corruption,
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืคืชื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉื”ื•ืจืกืช ืืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”,
08:52
because in any system
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ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช
08:55
where the members are dependent upon
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ืฉื—ื‘ืจื™ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื
08:57
the tiniest fraction of us for their election,
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ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ืง ื”ื–ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืื ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื ืœื”ื™ื‘ื—ืจ,
09:00
that means the tiniest number of us,
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ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื—ืœืงื™ืง ื”ื–ืขื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืื™ืชื ื•,
09:03
the tiniest, tiniest number of us,
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ื”ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ, ื”ืงื˜ื ื˜ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžืื™ืชื ื•,
09:05
can block reform.
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ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืจืคื•ืจืžื”.
09:07
I know that should have been, like, a rock or something.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกืœืข ืื• ืžืฉื”ื• ื“ื•ืžื”.
09:09
I can only find cheese. I'm sorry. So there it is.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืจืง ื’ื‘ื™ื ื”. ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ.
09:11
Block reform.
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ืœื—ืกื•ื ืืช ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื”.
09:14
Because there is an economy here, an economy of influence,
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ื›ื™ ืคื•ืขืœืช ื›ืืŸ ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช, ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคืขื”,
09:18
an economy with lobbyists at the center
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ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืฉืชื“ืœื ื™ื ื”ื ื‘ืžืจื›ื–
09:20
which feeds on polarization.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื ื™ื–ื•ื ื” ืžืงื™ื˜ื•ื‘.
09:23
It feeds on dysfunction.
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ื”ื™ื ื ื™ื–ื•ื ื” ืžื—ื•ืกืจ ืชืคืงื•ื“.
09:25
The worse that it is for us,
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ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืžืฆื‘ ื’ืจื•ืข ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื ื•,
09:28
the better that it is for this fundraising.
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ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื’ื™ื•ืก ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ื”ื–ื”.
09:31
Henry David Thoreau: "There are a thousand hacking
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ื›ืชื‘ ื”ื ืจื™ ื“ื™ื™ื•ื•ื™ื“ ืชื•ืจื•:
09:35
at the branches of evil to one who is striking at the root."
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"ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืืœืฃ ื”ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืขื ืคื™ ื”ืจืฉืข ื™ืฉ ืื—ื“ ืฉื—ื•ื‘ื˜ ื‘ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื•."
09:39
This is the root.
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ.
09:43
Okay, now, every single one of you knows this.
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ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ืช ืžื›ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื–ืืช.
09:47
You couldn't be here if you didn't know this, yet you ignore it.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื›ืืŸ ืื™ืœื•ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื ื–ืืช, ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ืžืชืขืœืžื™ื ืžื›ืš.
09:51
You ignore it. This is an impossible problem.
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ืืชื ืžืชืขืœืžื™ื ืžื›ืš. ื–ืืช ื‘ืขื™ื” ื‘ืœืชื™-ืืคืฉืจื™ืช.
09:54
You focus on the possible problems,
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ืืชื ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช,
09:57
like eradicating polio from the world,
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ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
10:00
or taking an image of every single street across the globe,
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ืื• ืฆื™ืœื•ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื•ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
10:03
or building the first real universal translator,
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ืื• ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืœื™ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”,
10:06
or building a fusion factory in your garage.
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ืื• ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื›ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืชื•ืš ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ื‘ืžื•ืกืš.
10:10
These are the manageable problems, so you ignore โ€”
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ืืœื” ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืกืชื“ืจ ืื™ืชืŸ, ืื– ืืชื ืžืชืขืœืžื™ื--
10:13
(Laughter) (Applause) โ€”
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[ืฆื—ื•ืง] [ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
10:19
so you ignore this corruption.
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ืื– ืืชื ืžืชืขืœืžื™ื ืžื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ื–ื•.
10:21
But we cannot ignore this corruption anymore.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ื–ื•.
10:27
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
10:30
We need a government that works.
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ืื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ืช,
10:33
And not works for the left or the right,
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ื•ืœื ื›ื–ื• ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžืืœ ืื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ,
10:36
but works for the left and the right,
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ืืœื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžืืœ ื•ื’ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืžื™ืŸ,
10:39
the citizens of the left and right,
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืžืฉืžืืœ ื•ืžื™ืžื™ืŸ,
10:41
because there is no sensible reform possible
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ื›ื™ ืœื ืชืชืืคืฉืจ ืฉื•ื ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืกื‘ื™ืจื”
10:44
until we end this corruption.
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ืขื“ ืฉืœื ื ืฉื™ื ืงืฅ ืœืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช.
10:47
So I want you to take hold, to grab the issue you care the most about.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชืชืคืกื• ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืฉื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื›ื.
10:51
Climate change is mine, but it might be financial reform
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ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื™, ืื‘ืœ ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ืช
10:53
or a simpler tax system or inequality.
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ืื• ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื• ืืช ืื™-ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ.
10:56
Grab that issue, sit it down in front of you,
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ืชื™ืคืกื• ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื–ื”, ื”ื•ืฉื™ื‘ื• ืื•ืชื• ืžื•ืœื›ื,
10:58
look straight in its eyes, and tell it there is no Christmas this year.
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ื”ืกืชื›ืœื• ืœื• ื™ืฉืจ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ืื™ืžืจื• ืœื• ืฉื”ืฉื ื” ืœื ื—ื•ื’ื’ื™ื ืืช ื—ื’ ื”ืžื•ืœื“.
11:02
There will never be a Christmas.
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ืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ื’ื™ ืžื•ืœื“.
11:04
We will never get your issue solved
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ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื ืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืœืš
11:06
until we fix this issue first.
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ืื ืœื ื ืชืงืŸ ืงื•ื“ื ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื–ื”.
11:09
So it's not that mine is the most important issue. It's not.
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ื–ื” ืœื ืฉื”ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘. ื”ื•ื ืœื.
11:13
Yours is the most important issue, but mine is the first issue,
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ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืœื›ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ,
11:17
the issue we have to solve before we get to fix
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืชืงืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื™ื’ืฉ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ
11:20
the issues you care about.
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ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื›ื.
11:22
No sensible reform, and we cannot afford
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ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ื ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืกื‘ื™ืจื”, ื•ืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื ื•
11:25
a world, a future, with no sensible reform.
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ืขื•ืœื, ืขืชื™ื“, ืœืœื ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืกื‘ื™ืจื”.
11:29
Okay. So how do we do it?
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ืื– ืื™ืš ื ืขืฉื” ืืช ื–ื”?
11:32
Turns out, the analytics here are easy, simple.
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ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื›ืืŸ ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื•ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื•ืงืœ.
11:35
If the problem is members spending an extraordinary
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ืื ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื™ื
11:38
amount of time fundraising from the tiniest slice of America,
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ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืขืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื’ื™ื•ืก ื›ืกืคื™ื ืžื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื›ื™ ื–ืขื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื”,
11:41
the solution is to have them spend less time fundraising
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ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืคื—ื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืขืœ ื’ื™ื•ืก ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช
11:45
but fundraise from a wider slice of Americans,
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ื•ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ืžื—ืœืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื,
11:48
to spread it out,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื™ืฅ ืืช ื–ื”,
11:49
to spread the funder influence so that we restore the idea
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ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉืงื ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ
11:53
of dependence upon the people alone.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
11:56
And to do this does not require a constitutional amendment,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ืœื ื ื“ืจืฉ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืงืชื™,
11:59
changing the First Amendment.
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ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ืงื”.
12:00
To do this would require a single statute,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื™ื™ื“ืจืฉ ื—ื•ืง ื™ื—ื™ื“,
12:04
a statute establishing what we think of
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ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืขื’ืŸ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื ื• ื”ื•ื
12:06
as small dollar funded elections,
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ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืžืžื•ืžื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืกืฃ ืงื˜ืŸ,
12:09
a statute of citizen-funded campaigns,
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ื—ื•ืง ืฉืœ ืžืกืขื™-ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื,
12:11
and there's any number of these proposals out there:
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื›ืืœื”:
12:13
Fair Elections Now Act,
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"ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื’ื ื•ืช - ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•",
12:14
the American Anti-Corruption Act,
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"ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื ื’ื“ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช",
12:17
an idea in my book that I call the Grant and Franklin Project
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ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกืคืจ ืฉืœื™, ืฉืื ื™ ืžื›ื ื” "ืžื™ื–ื ื’ืจื ื˜ ื•ืคืจื ืงืœื™ืŸ":
12:20
to give vouchers to people to fund elections,
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ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ื‘ืจื™ ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช,
12:22
an idea of John Sarbanes called the Grassroots Democracy Act.
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ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื’'ื•ื”ืŸ ืกืจื‘ื ืก ื›ื™ื ื” "ื—ื•ืง ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื”ืขืžืžื™ืช".
12:25
Each of these would fix this corruption
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ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืืœื” ื™ืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ื–ื•
12:30
by spreading out the influence of funders to all of us.
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ืข"ื™ ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ืžืžืžืŸ ืืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื•.
12:34
The analytics are easy here.
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ื”ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜.
12:37
It's the politics that's hard, indeed impossibly hard,
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ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืงืฉื”, ืงืฉื” ืขื“ ื‘ืœืชื™-ืืคืฉืจื™ืช,
12:42
because this reform would shrink K Street,
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ื›ื™ ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ื–ื• ืชื›ื•ื•ืฅ ืืช ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืงื™ื™,
12:48
and Capitol Hill, as Congressman Jim Cooper,
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ื›ื™ ื’ื‘ืขืช ื”ืงืคื™ื˜ื•ืœ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก ื’'ื™ื ืงื•ืคืจ,
12:53
a Democrat from Tennessee, put it,
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ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ ืžื˜ื ืกื™, ื ื™ืกื— ื–ืืช,
12:56
has become a farm league for K Street, a farm league for K Street.
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ื”ืคื›ื” ืœืœื™ื’ืช ื”ืžืฉืง ืฉืœ ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืงื™ื™,
13:01
Members and staffers and bureaucrats have
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ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก, ืื ืฉื™ ืกื’ืœ ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื
13:03
an increasingly common business model in their head,
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ื™ืฉ ื‘ืจืืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ื“ืœ ืขืกืงื™
13:05
a business model focused on their life after government,
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ืžื•ื“ืœ ืขืกืงื™ ืฉืžืชืžืงื“ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”,
13:08
their life as lobbyists.
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ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื›ืฉืชื“ืœื ื™ื.
13:11
Fifty percent of the Senate between 1998 and 2004
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ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืื—ื•ื– ืžืŸ ื”ืกื ืื˜ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื 1998-2004
13:14
left to become lobbyists, 42 percent of the House.
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ืคืจืฉื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืฉืชื“ืœื ื™ื ืฉืœ 42 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื.
13:17
Those numbers have only gone up,
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ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืืœื” ืจืง ืขืœื•,
13:18
and as United Republic calculated last April,
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ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืชื ื•ืขืช "ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื˜ื“ ืจื™ืคื‘ืœื™ืง" ื—ื™ืฉื‘ื” ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ,
13:21
the average increase in salary for those who they tracked
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ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ืืฆืœ ืืœื” ืฉืื—ืจื™ื”ื ืขืงื‘ื•
13:24
was 1,452 percent.
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ื”ื™ืชื” 1,452%.
13:29
So it's fair to ask, how is it possible for them to change this?
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ืื– ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ืœืฉืื•ืœ, ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืฉื”ื ื™ืฉื ื• ืืช ื–ื”?
13:36
Now I get this skepticism.
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ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืกืคืงื ื•ืช.
13:40
I get this cynicism. I get this sense of impossibility.
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ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื ื™ื•ืช. ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ-ืืคืฉืจื•ืช.
13:45
But I don't buy it.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืงื‘ืœ ื–ืืช.
13:47
This is a solvable issue.
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ื–ื• ื‘ืขื™ื” ืคืชื™ืจื”.
13:51
If you think about the issues our parents tried to solve
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ืื ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืจื™ื ื• ื ื™ืกื• ืœืคืชื•ืจ
13:54
in the 20th century,
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ื‘ืžืื” ื”-20,
13:56
issues like racism, or sexism,
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ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ืื• ืกืงืกื™ื–ื,
13:59
or the issue that we've been fighting in this century, homophobia,
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ืื• ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื‘ื” ืื ื• ื ืื‘ืงื™ื ื‘ืžืื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช, ื”ื”ื•ืžื•ืคื•ื‘ื™ื”,
14:02
those are hard issues.
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ืืœื” ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืช.
14:05
You don't wake up one day no longer a racist.
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ืืชื ืœื ืžืชืขื•ืจืจื™ื ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื›ื ื’ื–ืขื ื™ื.
14:08
It takes generations to tear that intuition, that DNA,
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ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืœื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ, ืืช ื”ื“ื "ื ื”ื–ื”,
14:12
out of the soul of a people.
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ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื ืฉืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื.
14:14
But this is a problem of just incentives, just incentives.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœ ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืจืง ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื.
14:18
Change the incentives, and the behavior changes,
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ืฉื ื• ืืช ื”ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื, ื•ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืชืฉืชื ื”,
14:20
and the states that have adopted small dollar funded systems
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ื•ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืื™ืžืฆื• ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžืžื•ืžื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืกืฃ ืงื˜ืŸ
14:23
have seen overnight a change in the practice.
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ืจืื• ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืœื™ืœื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช.
14:26
When Connecticut adopted this system,
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ื›ืฉืงื•ื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืื™ืžืฆื” ืžืขืจื›ืช ื–ื•,
14:28
in the very first year, 78 percent of elected representatives
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ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, 78 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื
14:32
gave up large contributions and took small contributions only.
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ื•ื™ืชืจื• ืขืœ ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
14:36
It's solvable,
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ื–ื” ืคืชื™ืจ,
14:38
not by being a Democrat,
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ืœื ื‘ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜,
14:41
not by being a Republican.
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ืœื ื‘ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื ื™.
14:43
It's solvable by being citizens, by being citizens,
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ื–ื” ืคืชื™ืจ ื‘ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื, ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ื,
14:47
by being TEDizens.
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ื‘ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ TED.
14:50
Because if you want to kickstart reform,
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ื›ื™ ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืคืชื•ื— ื‘ืจืคื•ืจืžื”...
14:54
look, I could kickstart reform
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ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ื”ืจื™ ืœืคืชื•ื— ื‘ืจืคื•ืจืžื”
14:57
at half the price of fixing energy policy,
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ื‘ื—ืฆื™ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื”,
15:01
I could give you back a republic.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœื›ื ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื”.
15:04
Okay. But even if you're not yet with me,
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืื ืืชื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืื™ืชื™,
15:07
even if you believe this is impossible,
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ื’ื ืื ืืชื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™,
15:11
what the five years since I spoke at TED has taught me
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ืžื” ืฉืœื™ืžื“ื• ืื•ืชื™ ื—ืžืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื– ื”ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื‘-TED
15:14
as I've spoken about this issue again and again is,
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ื›ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘,
15:17
even if you think it's impossible, that is irrelevant.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื’ื ืื ืœื“ืขืชื›ื ื–ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™, ื–ื” ืœื ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™.
15:21
Irrelevant.
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ื–ื” ืœื ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™.
15:23
I spoke at Dartmouth once, and a woman stood up after I spoke,
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ื”ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืคืขื ื‘ื“ืืจื˜ืžื•ืช', ื•ืื™ืฉื” ืื—ืช ืงืžื” ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืกื™ื™ืžืชื™,
15:26
I write in my book, and she said to me,
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ืื ื™ ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื‘ืกืคืจ ืฉืœื™, ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืœื™,
15:28
"Professor, you've convinced me this is hopeless. Hopeless.
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"ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ, ืฉื›ื ืขืช ืื•ืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ื—ืกืจ-ืชืงื•ื•ื”. ื—ืกืจ-ืชืงื•ื•ื”.
15:34
There's nothing we can do."
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ืฉืื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ".
15:37
When she said that, I scrambled.
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืืช ื–ื”, ื”ื–ื“ืขื–ืขืชื™.
15:39
I tried to think, "How do I respond to that hopelessness?
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ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘, "ืื™ืš ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืœื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื”ื–ื”?
15:41
What is that sense of hopelessness?"
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ืžื”ื• ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื”ื–ื”?"
15:43
And what hit me was an image of my six-year-old son.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื™ื›ืชื” ื‘ื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืŸ ื”ืฉืฉ.
15:47
And I imagined a doctor coming to me and saying,
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ืชื™ ืฉืจื•ืคื ื‘ื ืืœื™ ื•ืื•ืžืจ,
15:51
"Your son has terminal brain cancer, and there's nothing you can do.
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"ืœื‘ืŸ ืฉืœืš ื™ืฉ ืกืจื˜ืŸ ืžื•ื— ืกื•ืคื ื™, ื•ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœื•ื.
15:58
Nothing you can do."
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ื›ืœื•ื."
16:00
So would I do nothing?
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ื”ืื ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืฉื”ื•?
16:03
Would I just sit there? Accept it? Okay, nothing I can do?
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื ื•ืžืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื–ื”? ื˜ื•ื‘. ืื– ืื ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœื•ื,
16:06
I'm going off to build Google Glass.
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ืื•ืœื™ ืืœืš ืœืคืชื— ืืช "ืžืฉืงืคื™ ื’ื•ื’ืœ".
16:09
Of course not. I would do everything I could,
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื. ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
16:13
and I would do everything I could because this is what love means,
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ื›ืœ, ื›ื™ ื–ื• ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ื”,
16:17
that the odds are irrelevant and that you do
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ื›ื™ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื• ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™, ื•ืืชื” ืขื•ืฉื”
16:19
whatever the hell you can, the odds be damned.
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืœืขื–ืื–ืœ ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ, ืœืขื–ืื–ืœ ืขื ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื.
16:23
And then I saw the obvious link, because even we liberals
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ื•ืื– ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ื›ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื• ื”ืœื™ื‘ืจืœื™ื
16:26
love this country.
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ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื–ื•.
16:29
(Laughter)
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[ืฆื—ื•ืง]
16:32
And so when the pundits and the politicians
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ืื– ื›ืฉื”ืžืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ื
16:34
say that change is impossible,
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ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืœืชื™-ืืคืฉืจื™,
16:36
what this love of country says back is,
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ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื–ื• ืžืฉื™ื‘ื”,
16:39
"That's just irrelevant."
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"ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™".
16:42
We lose something dear,
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ืื ื• ืžืื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ื™ืงืจ,
16:44
something everyone in this room loves and cherishes,
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ื•ืžื•ืงื™ืจ,
16:47
if we lose this republic, and so we act
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ืื ื ืื‘ื“ ืืช ื”ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื” ื–ื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื• ื ืคืขืœ
16:51
with everything we can to prove these pundits wrong.
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ืขื ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืœืžืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฉื”ื ื˜ื•ืขื™ื.
16:56
So here's my question:
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ืื– ื”ื ื” ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉืœื™:
16:59
Do you have that love?
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ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ื ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื”ื–ื•?
17:04
Do you have that love?
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ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ื ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื”ื–ื•?
17:06
Because if you do,
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ื›ื™ ืื ื›ืŸ,
17:08
then what the hell are you, what are the hell are we doing?
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ืื– ืžื” ืœืขื–ืื–ืœ ืืชื, ืื ื—ื ื•, ืขื•ืฉื™ื?
17:13
When Ben Franklin was carried from the constitutional convention
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืฉืื• ืืช ื‘ืŸ ืคืจื ืงืœื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ืžื•ื•ืขื™ื“ืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื”
17:18
in September of 1787, he was stopped in the street by a woman who said,
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ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 1787, ืขืฆืจื” ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ืื™ืฉื” ืฉืืžืจื”,
17:22
"Mr. Franklin, what have you wrought?"
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"ืžืจ ืคืจื ืงืœื™ืŸ, ืžื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฆืงืช?"
17:25
Franklin said, "A republic, madam, if you can keep it."
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ืคืจื ืงืœื™ืŸ ืขื ื”, "ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื”, ื’ื‘ืจืชื™, ืื ืชื•ื›ืœื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื”."
17:33
A republic. A representative democracy.
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ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื”. ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื” ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ื™ืช.
17:38
A government dependent upon the people alone.
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ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืชืœื•ื™ื” ืืš ื•ืจืง ื‘ืขื.
17:45
We have lost that republic.
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ืื™ื‘ื“ื ื• ืืช ื”ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื” ื”ื”ื™ื.
17:50
All of us have to act to get it back.
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ืขืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ื” ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”.
17:54
Thank you very much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื.
17:56
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
18:02
Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. (Applause)
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ืชื•ื“ื”. ืชื•ื“ื”. ืชื•ื“ื”. [ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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