The ancient, earth-friendly wisdom of Mongolian nomads | Khulan Batkhuyag

95,389 views ใƒป 2020-10-19

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ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Transcriber: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Ivana Korom
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ืชืจื’ื•ื: zeeva Livshitz ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Ido Dekkers
00:13
It's funny how foreigners ask me the same questions
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ืžืฆื—ื™ืง ืื™ืš ืื ืฉื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ืฉืืœื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ืืช ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช
00:16
when they first meet me.
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ื›ืฉื”ื ืคื•ื’ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื”.
00:18
Questions like,
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ืฉืืœื•ืช ื›ืžื•,
00:19
"Wow, you're from Mongolia?
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"ื•ื•ืื• ืืช ืžืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื”?
00:21
So do you ride horses to go to work?"
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ืื– ืืช ืจื•ื›ื‘ืช ืขืœ ืกื•ืกื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”?"
00:25
"Do you know what Coke is?"
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"ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืžื” ื–ื” ืงื•ืœื”?"
00:27
Or, "Do you have chocolates in Mongolia?"
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ืื• "ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“ ื‘ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื”?"
00:31
And if I want to have fun with it,
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ื•ืื ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฉืชืขืฉืข ืžื›ืš,
00:34
I say things like,
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ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื•,
00:36
"Oh my God,
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"ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ืื“ื™ืจื™ื,
00:37
I've never heard any of those before.
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ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืขืœ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžืืœื” ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ,
00:39
What are Coke and chocolates?
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ืžื” ื–ื” ืงื•ืœื” ื•ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“?
00:41
Can you tell me more about them?"
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ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืกืคืจ ืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื?"
00:43
It always works,
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ื–ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืขื•ื‘ื“,
00:45
and we have a good laugh about it too.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื ืฆื•ื—ืงื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื” ื™ื—ื“.
00:48
In reality, our capital city, Ulaanbaatar, is very urban.
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืขื™ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื ื• , ืื•ืœืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ืจ, ืžืื•ื“ ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช.
00:53
We have commercial buildings,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืžืกื—ืจื™ื™ื,
00:54
brand-name hotels
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ืžืœื•ื ื•ืช ืžืžื•ืชื’ื™ื
00:55
and beautiful art spaces too.
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ื•ืžืชื—ืžื™ ืืžื ื•ืช ื™ืคื™ื
00:58
But all too often
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื“ื™
01:00
foreigners fixate on what Mongolia lacks.
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ื–ืจื™ื ืžืชืงื‘ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื—ืกืจ ื‘ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื”.
01:05
They look at our massive, untouched landscape,
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ื”ื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ืฃ ื”ืขืฆื•ื ื•ื”ืคืจืื™ ืฉืœื ื•,
01:07
traditional nomadic lifestyles,
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ืขืœ ืื•ืจื— ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™,
01:10
and see it as a sign of poverty.
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ื•ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื–ื” ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœืขื•ื ื™.
01:13
And I disagree.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืกื›ื™ืžื” ืขื ื–ื”.
01:15
In fact, I think there's a lot we can learn
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื”
01:17
from ancient Mongolian nomads
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ืžื ื•ื•ื“ื™ื ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื™ื ืงื“ื•ืžื™ื
01:19
that will help us survive
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ืฉื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืœืฉืจื•ื“
01:21
in the years and decades to come.
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ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื.
01:24
This is a picture of me playing Mongolia's most celebrated traditional instrument,
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ื–ื• ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœื™ ืžื ื’ื ืช ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
01:29
morin khuur,
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"ืžื•ืจื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืจ",
01:31
or horsehead fiddle.
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ืื• "ื›ื™ื ื•ืจ ืจืืฉ ืกื•ืก".
01:34
I started playing the instrument when I was only nine,
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ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœื™ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจืง ื‘ืช ืชืฉืข.
01:36
and by 11 I was traveling the world
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ื•ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 11 ื ืกืขืชื™ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื
01:39
representing Mongolia at international festivals,
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ื•ื™ื™ืฆื’ืชื™ ืืช ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื” ื‘ืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื.
01:42
living and studying in places like Japan, China, Finland, Germany and Sweden.
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ื—ื™ื™ืชื™ ื•ืœืžื“ืชื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื™ืคืŸ, ืกื™ืŸ, ืคื™ื ืœื ื“, ื’ืจืžื ื™ื” ื•ืฉื•ื•ื“ื™ื”.
01:49
But then suddenly,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื– ืคืชืื•ื,
01:51
when I was 21,
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืช 21,
01:53
I lost my loving mother,
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ืื™ื‘ื“ืชื™ ืืช ืืžื™ ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื”,
01:55
and just two years later
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ื•ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ
01:57
I lost my father.
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ืื™ื‘ื“ืชื™ ืืช ืื‘ื™.
01:59
As an only child,
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ื›ื‘ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”,
02:01
I was devastated and lonely.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื ืฉืืจืชื™ ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื”.
02:04
At the time, the only thing I had left was my country,
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ื•ืชืจ ืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœื™,
02:08
so I decided to move home.
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ืื– ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”.
02:12
When I was lost with sorrow,
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื”ืœื•ืžืช ืฆืขืจ,
02:13
my country gave me a feeling of safety and belonging.
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ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ืขื ื™ืงื” ืœื™ ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช.
02:18
I imagined eternal the blue sky of Mongolia as my father
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ืชื™ ืืช ืฉืžื™ ื”ื ืฆื— ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื” ื›ืื‘ื™
02:22
and the untouched, gorgeous landscape as my mother.
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ื•ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฃ ื”ืคืจืื™ ื•ื”ืžื”ืžื ื›ืืžื™.
02:26
Having lived in developed countries for over a decade,
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ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื—ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืš ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืขืฉื•ืจ,
02:29
I became very distant from the nomadic lifestyles,
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ื”ืชืจื—ืงืชื™ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ืจื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ื™ื,
02:33
so I wanted to reconnect and experience it for myself.
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ืื– ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื‘ืขืฆืžื™.
02:37
I often journeyed away from the city toward my grandparents' provinces
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ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื ืกืขืชื™ ืžื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืขื‘ืจ ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื™
02:41
in rural Mongolia
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ื‘ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื” ื”ื›ืคืจื™ืช
02:44
to see where my parents and I came from,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืžืื™ืคื” ื”ื’ืขื ื•, ื”ื•ืจื™ื™ ื•ืื ื™,
02:46
and better understand my own identity.
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ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ืฉืœื™.
02:49
Growing up, I'd always heard stories about how Mongolian nomads
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ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื”ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื™ื
02:54
were the most hospitable people on earth,
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ื”ื™ื• ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ ืคื ื™ื ืขืœื™ ืื“ืžื•ืช,
02:58
and I wanted to see with my own eyes
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ื•ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืžื• ืขื™ื ื™ื™
03:00
whether they really feed and give shelter to a stranger.
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ืื ื”ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืื›ื™ืœื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื”ื ืžื—ืกื”.
03:04
So I set off to the countryside,
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ืื– ื™ืฆืืชื™ ืœืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื›ืคืจื™,
03:06
driving along dirt roads for hours.
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ื•ื ืกืขืชื™ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ืขืคืจ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืขื•ืช.
03:10
What's incredible about Mongolian nomads
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ืžื” ืฉืžื“ื”ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ื ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื•ื
03:13
is that the neighbors are often 40 kilometers apart,
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ืฉืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ื ื™ื ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ืฉืœ 40 ืง"ืž ื–ื” ืžื–ื”,
03:18
and there's no private land ownership of pasture land in Mongolia.
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ื•ื‘ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืขืœ ืงืจืงืข ืฉืœ ืื“ืžื•ืช ืžืจืขื”.
03:23
In a way,
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ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื,
03:24
Mongolian nomads have the complete freedom,
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ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ื ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžื—ื•ืคืฉ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜,
03:27
moving about the gorgeous landscape as they wish.
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ื•ื”ื ื ืขื™ื ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ื ื•ืฃ ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ื ื›ืื•ื•ืช ื ืคืฉื.
03:30
Eventually, I spotted to humble yurts
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ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื—ื ืชื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืจื˜ื™ื ืฆื ื•ืขื™ื
03:33
and I pulled over.
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ื•ืขืฆืจืชื™ ื‘ืฆื“.
03:35
Yurts, or ger,
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ื™ื•ืจื˜ื™ื, ืื• ื’ืจ,
03:37
are a traditional Mongolian dwelling.
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ื”ื ืื•ื”ืœื™ื ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื
03:39
They're made from one hundred percent natural material,
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ื”ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืž-100%ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื,
03:43
a wooden frame and floor,
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ืžืกื’ืจืช ื•ืจืฆืคื” ืžืขืฅ,
03:44
leather rope
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ื—ื‘ืœ ืขื•ืจ
03:46
and thick blankets made from felted sheep's wool.
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ื•ืฉืžื™ื›ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื“ ืžืฆืžืจ ื›ื‘ืฉื™ื.
03:49
And it takes about only three to four hours
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ื•ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืจืง ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืขื“ ืืจื‘ืข ืฉืขื•ืช
03:52
to assemble or disassemble,
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ืœื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืื• ืœืคืจืง,
03:55
and keeps them warm
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื—ืžื ืื•ืชื
03:57
through the minus 50 degree Celsius winters.
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ื‘ื—ื•ืจืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ื ื•ืก 50 ืžืขืœื•ืช ืฆืœืกื™ื•ืก.
04:01
Outside the yurt,
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ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื™ื•ืจื˜,
04:03
the kids were playing with sheep and goats,
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ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื—ืงื• ืขื ื›ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ืขื™ื–ื™ื,
04:06
and as I greeted them,
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ื•ื›ืฉื‘ื™ืจื›ืชื™ ืื•ืชื ืœืฉืœื•ื,
04:07
their parents welcomed me inside.
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ื”ื•ืจื™ื”ื ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื™ ืคื ื™ืžื”.
04:10
The wife poured me nice warm milk tea,
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ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืžื–ื’ื” ืœื™ ืชื” ื‘ื—ืœื‘ ื—ื ื•ื ืขื™ื,
04:12
and the husband offered me food
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ื•ื”ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ืข ืœื™ ืื•ื›ืœ
04:14
that they had already prepared on the table.
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ืฉื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื™ื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ.
04:17
After some casual chitchat,
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ืœืื—ืจ ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ,
04:19
the husband politely asked my purpose,
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ื”ื‘ืขืœ ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื ื™ืžื•ืก ืžื”ื™ ืžื˜ืจืชื™,
04:21
so I replied bluntly
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ืื– ืขื ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช
04:23
that I was just traveling
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ืฉืื ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžื˜ื™ื™ืœืช
04:24
and exploring my grandparents' roots
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื™
04:27
and that I needed a place to stay
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ื•ืฉืื ื™ ื–ืงื•ืงื” ืœืžืงื•ื ืœื™ื ื”
04:29
as the sun was setting.
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ื›ืฉื”ืฉืžืฉ ืฉื•ืงืขืช.
04:31
And guess what?
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ื•ื ื—ืฉื• ืžื”?
04:33
He said I could stay as long as I needed to,
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื›ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื”,
04:36
on one condition.
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ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืื—ื“.
04:38
He asked if I would play the morin khuur,
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ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืฉืื ื’ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืจื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืจ,
04:41
our traditional Mongolian horsehead fiddle.
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ื›ื™ื ื•ืจ ืจืืฉ ืกื•ืก ื”ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ ืฉืœื ื•.
04:45
In my head, I couldn't believe it was coming true.
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ื‘ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื™ืชื™ ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื’ืฉื,
04:48
And the horsehead fiddle was like a ticket.
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ื•ืฉื›ื™ื ื•ืจ ืจืืฉ ื”ืกื•ืก ืฉื™ืžืฉ ื›ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื›ื ื™ืกื”.
04:52
When Mongolians find out that you can play morin khuur,
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ื›ืฉืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื ืžื’ืœื™ื ืฉืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืžื•ืจื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืจ,
04:55
you're instantly respected.
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ืžื™ื“ ืžื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ืืชื›ื.
04:58
They say its two strings
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ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื™ืชืจื™ื ืฉืœื•
05:00
express all the events of the world.
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ืžื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
05:03
I ended up staying with them for nine days,
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ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื ืฉืืจืชื™ ืืฆืœื ืชืฉืขื” ื™ืžื™ื,
05:06
and they didn't even ask me to leave.
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ื•ื”ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืฉืืขื–ื•ื‘.
05:09
I think if I tried to stay there for two months,
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ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉืœื• ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืฉื ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื,
05:11
they would have let me.
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœื™.
05:13
And here's the thing:
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ,
05:15
before I met them,
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืื•ืชื,
05:16
I assumed that Mongolian nomads were hospitable out of kindness
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ื”ื ื—ืชื™ ืฉื”ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ื ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืช
05:21
like anybody else.
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ื›ืžื• ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืื—ืจ.
05:23
But then I realized it was more than that.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื– ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื”.
05:27
It was about surviving as a community.
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ื–ื” ื ื’ืข ืœื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืช ื›ืงื”ื™ืœื”.
05:30
Because nomads live in extremely remote areas,
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ื›ื™ ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืžืจื•ื—ืงื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ,
05:34
they are completely at the mercy of nature.
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ื”ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœื—ืกื“ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข.
05:38
Heavy snowfall,
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ืฉืœื’ ื›ื‘ื“,
05:40
a sudden flood
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ืฉื™ื˜ืคื•ืŸ ืคืชืื•ืžื™
05:41
or a raging storm
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ืื• ืกืขืจื” ืžืฉืชื•ืœืœืช
05:43
can devastate a nomadic family.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืจื•ืก ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœ ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ื.
05:46
Today, it's a stranger who needs help,
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ื”ื™ื•ื, ื–ื” ื–ืจ ืฉื–ืงื•ืง ืœืขื–ืจื”,
05:49
but tomorrow, it could be you.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื—ืจ ืืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืืชื.
05:52
That's why they look out for each other
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ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื ื“ื•ืื’ื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”
05:55
and welcome anyone in need of help.
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ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ืคื ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื–ืงื•ืง ืœืขื–ืจื”.
05:58
This really touched my heart,
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ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื ื’ืข ืœืœื™ื‘ื™,
06:00
because I feel like we humans are becoming more and more selfish.
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ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื•, ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ื•ื›ื™ื™ื.
06:06
Staying with a truly nomadic family awakened me.
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ื”ืฉื”ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืฆืช ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืขื•ืจืจื” ืื•ืชื™.
06:09
It was nothing like I've ever seen in developed countries.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช.
06:13
The wife of the family
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ืืฉืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”
06:14
showed me how they produce organic dairy products from scratch,
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ื”ืจืืชื” ืœื™ ืื™ืš ื”ื ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื—ืœื‘ ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ืชื—ืœื”,
06:18
like white cheese, yogurt, tsegee,
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ื›ืžื• ื’ื‘ื™ื ื” ืœื‘ื ื”, ื™ื•ื’ื•ืจื˜, ืื˜ืฆื’ื”ื™,
06:21
and even a traditional vodka made from cow milk.
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื•ื•ื“ืงื” ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืžื—ืœื‘ ืคืจื”.
06:25
And every tool they use is made from natural material by hand.
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ื•ื›ืœ ื›ืœื™ ื‘ื• ื”ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื”ื™ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืžื—ื•ืžืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื™ื“.
06:31
And inside the yurt,
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ื•ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื™ื•ืจื˜,
06:32
we burned dried cow dung to stay warm
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ืฉืจืคื ื• ื’ืœืœื™ ืคืจื” ื™ื‘ืฉื™ื ืœื—ื™ืžื•ื
06:36
instead of using fuel.
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื“ืœืง.
06:38
Everything stood in sharp contrast
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ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื’ืžื•ืจ
06:40
to my city life filled with plastic and steel.
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ืœื—ื™ื™ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืœืื™ื ื‘ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ื•ืžืชื›ืช.
06:44
And this was a five-senses experience to me,
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื—ืžืฉืช ื”ื—ื•ืฉื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจื™,
06:49
a completely different form of sophistication.
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ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉื•ื ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืฉืœ ืชื—ื›ื•ื.
06:52
The more I traveled across remote and rural destinations in Mongolia,
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ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืจื—ืงืชื™ ืœื ืกื•ืข ืœื™ืขื“ื™ื ื›ืคืจื™ื™ื ื•ืžืจื•ื—ืงื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื”
06:57
the more I understood
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื‘ื ืชื™
06:59
how ancient nomadic lifestyle was powered by Mother Nature.
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ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืื•ืจื— ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ ื”ืขืชื™ืง ื”ื•ืคืขืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืืžื ื˜ื‘ืข.
07:04
Nomadic life is truly zero waste.
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ื—ื™ื™ื ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื‘ืืžืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืืคืก ืคืกื•ืœืช.
07:08
Over the course of six years,
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืฉ ืฉื ื™ื,
07:11
I visited more than 20 families,
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ื‘ื™ืงืจืชื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืฉืจื™ื ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช,
07:14
and my experience was always the same.
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ื•ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ืชื” ื–ื”ื”.
07:17
They invited me in, offered me food
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ื”ื ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื™ ืคื ื™ืžื”, ื”ืฆื™ืขื• ืœื™ ืื•ื›ืœ
07:19
and gave me a place to stay if I needed it.
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ื•ื ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืžืงื•ื ืœื™ื ื” ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื”.
07:23
I was surprised by how little they owned.
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ื”ื•ืคืชืขืชื™ ืžื›ืžื” ืžืขื˜ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื.
07:26
At first, I thought it was because they moved about four times a year.
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ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื” ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื ืขื‘ืจื• ืžืžืงื•ื ืœืžืงื•ื ื›ืืจื‘ืข ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื”.
07:30
OK, that's a very simple logic to understand.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžืื•ื“ ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™.
07:33
You only carry what you need.
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ืืชื ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืื™ืชื›ื ืจืง ืืช ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื.
07:35
But then I learned
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ืื‘ืœ ืื– ืœืžื“ืชื™
07:36
there's a deeper philosophy behind it.
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื–ื” ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ื™ื•ืชืจ .
07:39
Historically, nomads believed
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ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืช, ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืืžื™ื ื•
07:42
that we are only passing through this life,
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจืง ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื“ืจืš ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
07:45
that people come and leave naked,
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ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ื•ืขื•ื–ื‘ื™ื ืขืจื•ืžื™ื,
07:47
so they believe that there's no point in building anything that destroys nature
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ืื– ื”ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ื•ืจืก ืืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืข
07:52
or in being greedy for materialistic things
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ืื• ืœื—ืžื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื™ื
07:56
when your life expectancy is only less than 100 years.
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ื›ืฉืชื•ื—ืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืคื—ื•ืช ืž 100 ืฉื ื™ื.
08:01
Instead, they invest in tradition,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ื” ื”ื ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืžืกื•ืจืช,
08:03
heritage, history,
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ืžื•ืจืฉืช, ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”,
08:05
and pass it from generation to generation.
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ื•ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ืžื“ื•ืจ ืœื“ื•ืจ.
08:08
This ancient nomadic philosophy made me realize that I should think bigger
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ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื” ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ืช ืขืชื™ืงื” ื–ื• ื’ืจืžื” ืœื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืขืœื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ,
08:13
and further than my own convenience and comfort.
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ื•ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืœื•ืช ืฉืœื™.
08:18
In the Mongolian countryside, I felt a true form of freedom,
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ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื›ืคืจื™ ื”ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืฆื•ืจื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืคืฉ,
08:25
and every time I came back to the city,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื—ื–ืจืชื™ ืœืขื™ืจ,
08:27
I looked for ways to live more minimally.
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ื—ื™ืคืฉืชื™ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ืกื˜ื™.
08:30
I digitalized all of my company's paper procedures.
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ื”ื–ื ืชื™ ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ ืืช ื›ืœ ื ื”ืœื™ ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื ื™ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื™.
08:33
What once took 20 packs of A4 paper
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ืžื” ืฉืคืขื ื ื“ืจืฉื• ืœื”ื 20 ื—ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื ื™ื™ืจ A4
08:37
now takes just one.
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ื›ืขืช ื ื“ืจืฉื” ืœื”ื ืจืง ืื—ืช.
08:39
I downsized my apartment, reduced my carbon footprint
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ืฆื™ืžืฆืžืชื™ ืืช ื“ื™ืจืชื™, ื•ืืช ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืจื’ืœ ื”ืคื—ืžื ื™ืช ืฉืœื™
08:42
and picked up a habit to rethink my actions,
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ื•ืื™ืžืฆืชื™ ืืช ื”ื”ืจื’ืœ ืœืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืขืœ ืžืขืฉื™ื™,
08:45
like purchasing, choosing transportation,
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ื›ืžื• ืจื›ื™ืฉื”, ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืืžืฆืขื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”,
08:48
and many other lifestyle choices at home and work.
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ื•ืขืœ ืขื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœืื•ืจื— ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
08:52
And most importantly,
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ื•ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘,
08:54
I stopped working on fast-moving consumer-goods marketing projects
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ื”ืคืกืงืชื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืžื”ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื”
08:58
and now work with organizations that promote sustainability.
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืขื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืžืงื“ืžื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช.
09:02
But by far the biggest change
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืœื ืกืคืง ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
09:07
is that I've started to see development
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืคื™ืชื•ื—
09:09
with fresh eyes.
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ื‘ืจืื™ื™ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”.
09:12
In cities,
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ื‘ืขืจื™ื,
09:14
living in a traditional yurt as a nomad
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ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืจื˜ ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ ื›ื ื•ื•ื“
09:16
and having less
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžืขื˜
09:18
is often interpreted as a sign of poverty,
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ืžืชืคืจืฉื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืกื™ืžืŸ ืœืขื•ื ื™,
09:23
not just abroad
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ืœื ืจืง ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ
09:25
but at home in Mongolia too.
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ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื”.
09:27
We think that the end goal for every developing country
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ืื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ืกื•ืคื™ืช ืœื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืชืคืชื—ืช
09:31
is to become the next Tokyo or New York City,
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ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœื˜ื•ืงื™ื• ื”ื‘ืื”, ืื• ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง,
09:34
with their skyscrapers, big shopping malls and toll roads.
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ืขื ื’ื•ืจื“ื™ ืฉื—ืงื™ื, ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืงื ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ ืื’ืจื”.
09:39
Communities around the world are abandoning their traditional lifestyles
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ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ื•ื˜ืฉื•ืช ืืช ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™
09:43
in pursuit of material wealth.
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ื‘ืžืจื“ืฃ ืื—ืจ ืขื•ืฉืจ ื—ื•ืžืจื™.
09:45
But let's not forget,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืœ ื ืฉื›ื—,
09:47
the developed countries
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ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—ื•ืช
09:49
are the ones most responsible for climate change.
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ื”ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ืื—ืจืื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืืงืœื™ื.
09:53
So we have to ask ourselves,
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ืื– ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื•,
09:56
why do we keep on following the same blueprint
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ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืื•ืชื” ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช
09:59
when we know it causes harm to the world?
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ื›ืฉืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื–ื™ืงื” ืœืขื•ืœื?
10:03
We've all experienced the consequences of our choices
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
10:06
over the past eight months.
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ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื.
10:08
So doing right by Mother Nature
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ืื– ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืขื ืืžื ื˜ื‘ืข
10:11
and focusing on earth-friendly, zero-waste habits
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ื•ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ, ื‘ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืืคืก-ืคืกื•ืœืช
10:15
is not an option anymore.
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ืื™ื ื ืื•ืคืฆื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
10:18
And who knows the key ingredients better than our ancestors,
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ื•ืžื™ ืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืคืชื— ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•,
10:22
the ones who survived without the media
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ืืœื” ืฉืฉืจื“ื• ื‘ืœื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช
10:25
or technology
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ืื• ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
10:26
but with wisdom alone?
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ืืœื ืขื ื—ื•ื›ืžื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“?
10:29
As a citizen of Mongolia,
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ื›ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื”,
10:32
I grew up hearing
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ืฉืžืขืชื™ ื›ืฉื’ื“ืœืชื™
10:33
that developing countries are inferior,
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ืฉื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื ื—ื•ืชื•ืช
10:37
and I really took it to heart.
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ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ืœืœื‘.
10:39
But today, I want to say loud and clear
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืจื ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจ
10:44
that I don't see disadvantages from developing countries anymore.
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ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ืจื•ืื” ื—ืกืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช.
10:48
On the contrary,
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ืœื”ื™ืคืš,
10:50
I see countries that have the biggest opportunity
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื”ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
10:53
to do things in the right way,
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ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”,
10:56
countries that can define their own kind of development
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ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ืกื•ื’ ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ืŸ
11:00
and have the most advantage to build a better and safer environment
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
11:04
for everyone.
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ืœื›ื•ืœื.
11:05
What worked for our ancestors for thousands of years
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ืžื” ืฉืขื‘ื“ ืœืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ืืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื
11:09
can work for us now,
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื•,
11:10
and in the future,
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ื•ื‘ืขืชื™ื“,
11:12
when combined with the latest innovations.
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ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื.
11:15
After all, we're all guests in this world,
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ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ, ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”,
11:19
so let's do right by the earth and each other
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ืื– ื‘ื•ืื• ื•ื ืคืขืœ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื–ื” ืœื–ื”
11:23
just like the ancient Mongolian nomads did.
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ืฉืขืฉื• ื”ื ื•ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื ื’ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืžื™ื.
11:26
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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